What would happen if we upload our brains to computers? | Robin Hanson

151,318 views ใƒป 2017-09-09

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: SeungGyu Min ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
Someday, we may have robots as smart as people,
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งŒํผ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋กœ๋ด‡์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
artificial intelligence, AI.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
How could that happen?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
00:22
One route is that we'll just keep accumulating better software,
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ•์ ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:25
like we've been doing for 70 years.
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์ง€๋‚œ 70๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•ด์™”๋˜ ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
At past rates of progress, that may take centuries.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์†๋„๋ผ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฑ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
Some say it'll happen a lot faster
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋นจ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
as we discover grand new powerful theories of intelligence.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ง€๋Šฅ ์ด๋ก ์„ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:38
I'm skeptical.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์— ํšŒ์˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
But a third scenario
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
00:43
is what I'm going to talk about today.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋งํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ธ๋ฐ์š”
00:45
The idea is to port the software from the human brain.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
To do this, we're going to need three technologies to be good enough,
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ
์•„์ง์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์—†๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
and none of them are there yet.
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00:54
First, we're going to need lots of cheap, fast, parallel computers.
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์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ, ๊ฐ’์‹ธ๊ณ , ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Second, we're going to need to scan individual human brains
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
in fine spatial and chemical detail,
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์ž์„ธํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ , ํ™”ํ•™์  ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:07
to see exactly what cells are where, connected to what, of what type.
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์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ธ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
01:11
And third, we're going to need computer models
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
of how each kind of brain cell works --
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๋‡Œ ์„ธํฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
01:18
taking input signals, changing interval state
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์ž…๋ ฅ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ , ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ 
01:21
and sending output signals.
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์ถœ๋ ฅ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:22
If we have good enough models of all the kinds of brain cells
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ๋‡Œ์„ธํฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ
01:26
and a good enough model of the brain,
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ๋‡Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:28
we can put it together to make a good enough model of an entire brain,
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ๋‡Œ ์ „์ฒด ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
01:31
and that model would have the same input-output behavior as the original.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์›๋ณธ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ž…์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋™์ž‘์„ ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
So if you talk to it, it might talk back.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
If you ask it to do things, it might do them.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ผ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
And if we could do that, everything would change.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
People have been talking about this idea for decades,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ˆ˜ ์‹ญ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
under the name of "uploads."
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์—…๋กœ๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
I'm going to call them "ems."
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ems๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
When they talk about it, they say,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธธ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
"Is this even possible?
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"๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธด ํ•œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
01:54
If you made one, would it be conscious? Or is it just an empty machine?
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๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ณ๋„ ์˜์‹์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ…… ๋นˆ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ธ ์…ˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ณต์ œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ €์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?"
01:58
If you made one of me, is that me or someone else?"
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02:00
These are all fascinating questions that I'm going to ignore ...
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:06
because I see a neglected question:
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
02:08
What would actually happen?
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ๊นŒ์š”?
02:12
I became obsessed with this question.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:15
I spent four years trying to analyze it,
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๋‹ต์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•ด๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  4๋…„๊ฐ„
02:18
using standard academic tools, to guess what would happen,
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ํ‘œ์ค€์ ์ธ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์จ์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ์ง€ ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
and I'm here to tell you what I found.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฑธ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
But be warned --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:26
I'm not offering inspiration, I'm offering analysis.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
I see my job as telling you what's most likely to happen
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๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€์ง€
02:32
if we did the least to avoid it.
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์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์—ญํ• ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
If you aren't at least a bit disturbed by something I tell you here,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธธ ๋“ฃ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:39
you're just not paying attention.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์•„๋ฌด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:42
OK, the first thing I can tell you
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๋„ค, ๋จผ์ € ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์€
02:44
is that ems spend most of their life in virtual reality.
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ems๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
This is what you might look like if you were using virtual reality.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
And this is what you might see:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
sunlight glinting off of water, you might hear gulls flying above,
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๋ฌผ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์ง์ด๋Š” ํ–‡๋น› ์œ„์• ์„œ ๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋งค๊ธฐ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ
03:00
you might even feel the wind on your cheeks or smell seawater,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณผ์„ ์Šค์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ท๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:03
with advanced hardware.
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์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
Now, if you were to spend a lot of time here,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€๋‚ด๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด
03:08
you might want a dashboard
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๊ณ„๊ธฐํŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
where you could do things like make a phone call,
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๊ณ„๊ธฐํŒ์€ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:11
move to a new virtual world,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:13
check your bank account.
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์€ํ–‰ ๊ณ„์ขŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
Now, while this is what you would look like in virtual reality,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค ์† | ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
03:19
this is what an em would look like in virtual reality.
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๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค ์†์˜ em์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
It's computer hardware sitting in a server rack somewhere.
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์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ ์„ ๋ฐ˜ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
But still, it could see and experience the same thing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ em์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
But some things are different for ems.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ em์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:31
First, while you'll probably always notice that virtual reality isn't entirely real,
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:36
to an em, it can feel as real to them as this room feels to you now
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em์€ ํ˜„์‹ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ด ๊ณณ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜„์‹ค์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
03:39
or as anything ever feels.
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ํ˜น์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
And ems also have some more action possibilities.
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๋˜ํ•œ, em์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ํ–‰๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
For example, your mind just always runs at the same speed,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ •์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†๋„๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€๋งŒ
03:46
but an em can add more or less computer hardware to run faster or slower,
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em์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด์„œ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:50
and therefore, if the world around them seems to be going too fast,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:54
they can just speed up their mind,
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em์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ •์‹ ์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
and the world around them would seem to slow down.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š๋ ค๋ณด์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:58
In addition, an em can make a copy of itself at that moment.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ em์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณต์ œ๋ณธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
This copy would remember everything the same,
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์ด ๋ณต์ œ๋ณธ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›๋ณธ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
and if it starts out with the same speed, looking at the same speed,
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๊ฐ™์€ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:09
it might even need to be told, "You are the copy."
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em์€ ๋ณต์ œ๋ณธ์—๊ฒŒ "๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋ณต์ œ๋ณธ์ด์•ผ"ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
And em could make archive copies,
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em๋“ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:14
and with enough archives,
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ถ•์ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
04:16
an em can be immortal --
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em๋“ค์€ ์ฃฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
in principle, though not usually in practice.
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์ด๋ก ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
And an em can move its brain, the computer that represents its brain,
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em์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๋‡Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
from one physical location to another.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Ems can actually move around the world at the speed of light,
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em์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋น›์˜ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:31
and by moving to a new location,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
04:32
they can interact more quickly with ems near that new location.
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๊ทธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ์†Œ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ em๋“ค๊ณผ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
So far, I've been talking about what ems can do.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€, em์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
What do ems choose to do?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, em๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์„ ํƒํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:44
To understand that, we'll need to understand three key facts.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
First, ems by definition do what the human they emulate would do
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ •์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, em์€ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋†“์˜€์„ ๋•Œ
04:54
in the same situation.
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๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
So their lives and behavior are very human.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ํก์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
They're mainly different because they're living in a different world.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
Second, ems need real resources to survive.
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๋‘˜์งธ, em์€ ์ƒ์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ ์ž์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
You need food and shelter or you'll die.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์‰ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Also, ems need computer hardware, energy, cooling, or they can't exist.
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, em์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
For every subjective minute that an em experiences,
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em์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋งค ๋ถ„๋งˆ๋‹ค
05:16
someone, usually that em, had to work to pay for it.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š”, ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ทธ em์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ƒ์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Third, ems are poor.
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์…‹์งธ, em์€ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:23
The em population can grow quicker than the em economy,
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em๊ฐœ์ฒด๋Š” em๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
so that means wages fall down to em subsistence levels.
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์ฆ‰, em๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ๋“์ด ์ตœ์ €์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
That means ems have to be working most of the time.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, em๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
So that means this is what ems usually see:
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, em๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–‘์ƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:35
beautiful and luxurious, but desks --
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ํ˜ธํ™”๋กญ์ง€๋งŒ ์ฑ…์ƒ ์•ž์— ์•‰์•„์„œ
05:38
they're working most of the time.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:40
Now, a subsistence wage scenario, you might think, is exotic and strange,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ตœ์ €์ž„๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋Š” ๋‚ฏ์„ค๊ณ  ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
05:44
but it's actually the usual case in human history,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
and it's how pretty much all wild animals have ever lived,
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‚ถ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
so we know what humans do in this situation.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ƒ์กด์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Humans basically do what it takes to survive,
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05:54
and this is what lets me say so much about the em world.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ em์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
When creatures are rich, like you,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:00
you have to know a lot about what they want
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
06:03
to figure out what they do.
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06:04
When creatures are poor,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:05
you know that they mostly do what it takes to survive.
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์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
So we've been talking about the em world from the point of view of the ems --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ em์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ em์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
now, let's step back and look at their whole world.
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์ž ๊น ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ๋’ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ „์ฒด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ์„ , em ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
First, the em world grows much faster than ours,
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06:17
roughly a hundred times faster.
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๋Œ€๋žต 100๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋น ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
So the amount of change we would experience in a century or two,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•œ ๋‘์„ธ๊ธฐ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์–‘์€
06:23
they would experience in a year or two.
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em์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 1๋…„์ด๋‚˜ 2๋…„์•ˆ์— ๋‹ค ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
And I'm not really willing to project this age much beyond that,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:28
because plausibly by then something else will happen, I don't know what.
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06:31
Second, the typical emulation runs even faster,
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํœ ์”ฌ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์—๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
roughly a thousand times human speed.
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๋Œ€๋žต ์ธ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค 1,000๋ฐฐ ๋น ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
So for them, they experience thousands of years in this year or two,
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em์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด, 1๋…„์ด๋‚˜ 2๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
and for them, the world around them is actually changing more slowly
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em์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ๋” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
than your world seems to change for you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋ฑํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Š๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
Third, ems are crammed together in a small number of very dense cities.
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์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ, em์€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฐ€๋„ ๋„์‹œ์— ํ•œ๊บผ๋ฒˆ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
This is not only how they see themselves in virtual reality,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋Š”๊ฐ€ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:56
it's also how they actually are physically crammed together.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
So at em speeds, physical travel feels really painfully slow,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ em ์†๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์†๋„๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
so most em cities are self-sufficient,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ em ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
most war is cyber war,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
and most of the rest of the earth away from the em cities
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  em ๋„์‹œ์™€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ง€์—ญ์€
07:10
is left to the humans, because the ems really aren't that interested in it.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์œ ๋Š” em์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Speaking of humans,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
07:15
you were wanting to hear about that.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜์…จ๋˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
Humans must retire, at once, for good.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์˜์›ํžˆ ์€ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
They just can't compete.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ, ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
Now, humans start out owning all of the capital in this world.
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ํ˜„์žฌ, ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์€ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž๋ณธ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
The economy grows very fast, their wealth grows very fast.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
07:30
Humans get rich, collectively.
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์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
As you may know, most humans today don't actually own that much
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
besides their ability to work,
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์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
so between now and then, they need to acquire sufficient assets,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์ด๋‚˜
07:42
insurance or sharing arrangements,
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๋ณดํ—˜, ํ˜น์€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
or they may starve.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ตถ์–ด์ฃฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
I highly recommend avoiding this outcome.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:50
Now, you might wonder,
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์•„๋งˆ, ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
07:51
why would ems let humans exist?
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์™œ em์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ์กด์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
07:53
Why not kill them, take their stuff?
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์™œ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ , ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ?
07:55
But notice we have many unproductive retirees around us today,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ๋น„์ƒ์‚ฐ ํ‡ด์ง์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:58
and we don't kill them and take their stuff.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ‡ด์ง์ž๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:02
In part, that's because it would disrupt the institutions we share with them.
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ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š”์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
Other groups would wonder who's next,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘๋‹จ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฐจ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
08:09
so plausibly, ems may well let humans retire in peace during the age of em.
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em์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋™์•ˆ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ‡ด์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ em์—๊ฒ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
You should worry more that the age of em only lasts a year or two
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์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ em์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์–ด์•ผ 2๋…„ ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
and you don't know what happens next.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
Ems are very much like humans,
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em์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํก์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
but they are not like the typical human.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
The typical em is a copy of the few hundred most productive humans.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ em์€ ๋ช‡๋ฐฑ๋ช…์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
So in fact, they are as elite, compared to the typical human,
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
as the typical billionaire, Nobel Prize winner,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž ๋…ธ๋ฒจ์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž
08:39
Olympic gold medalist, head of state.
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์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๊ธˆ๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ ์„ ์ˆ˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
Ems look on humans perhaps with nostalgia and gratitude,
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em์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•จ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
but not so much respect,
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์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
08:48
which is, if you think about it, how you think about your ancestors.
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๋งˆ์น˜, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ ์กฐ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
We know many things about how humans differ in terms of productivity.
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
We can just use those to predict features of ems --
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด em์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
for example, they tend to be smart, conscientious, hard-working,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, em์ด ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ์ง€ ์–‘์‹ฌ์ ์ธ์ง€, ์„ฑ์‹คํ•œ์ง€
09:00
married, religious, middle-aged.
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์ข…๊ต๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์ค‘๋…„์ธ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
These are features of ems.
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em์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
Em world also contains enormous variety.
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em์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
Not only does it continue on with most of the kinds of variety that humans do,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ณ„์† ์กด์žฌํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:10
including variety of industry and profession,
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์‚ฐ์—…์ด๋‚˜ ์ง์—…์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
they also have many new kinds of variety,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
and one of the most important is mind speed.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์˜ ์†๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
Ems can plausibly go from human speed
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์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •์‹ ์  ์†๋„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
09:21
up to a million times faster than human speed,
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๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ •์‹ ์  ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
and down to a billion times slower than human speed.
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๋™์‹œ์— 1์–ต๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋Š๋ฆฐ ์ •์‹ ์  ์†๋„๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
Faster ems tend to have markers of high status.
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๋” ๋น ๋ฅธ em์€ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
They embody more wealth. They win arguments.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™” ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์—๋„ ๊ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
They sit at premium locations.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
Slower ems are mostly retirees,
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๋” ๋Š๋ฆฐ em์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ‡ด์ง์ž๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
and they are like the ghosts of our literature.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ•™์˜ ์œ ๋ น๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
If you recall, ghosts are all around us --
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์œ ๋ น์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
you can interact with them if you pay the price.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์œ ๋ น๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ๋ผ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
But they don't know much, they can't influence much,
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09:45
and they're obsessed with the past, so what's the point?
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์œ ๋ น์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ง‘์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ด๋“์ด ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:48
(Laughter)
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09:49
Ems also have more variety in the structure of their lives.
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em์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
This is your life: you start and you end, really simple.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋๋‚˜์ฃ , ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜์ฃ .
09:55
This is the life of an em,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ em์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
who every day splits off some short-term copies
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๋งค์ผ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ๋ณต์ œ๋ณธ์„ ๋ถ„ํ• ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
to do short-term tasks and then end.
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๋‹จ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
We'll talk more about those short term versions in a moment,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์žˆ๋‹ค ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
but they are much more efficient
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
because they don't have to rest for the next day.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํœด์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
This em is more opportunistic.
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์ด em์€ ๋” ๊ธฐํšŒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
They make more copies of themselves when there's more demand for that.
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์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ em์„ ๋ณต์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
They don't know which way the future's going.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ ์ด ์–ด๋””์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
This is an em designer,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ em ์„ค๊ณ„์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
who conceives of a large system
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ํฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ฐฉ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
and then breaks recursively into copies who elaborate that,
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๊ทธ ํ›„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜์„œ ๋” ์ •๊ตํ•ด์ง„ em์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
so ems can implement larger, more coherent designs.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ em ์„ ๋” ํฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๊ณจ์ ์ธ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
This an emulation plumber
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
who remembers that every day, for the last 20 years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งค์ผ ๊ทธ ์ผ๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
they only ever worked two hours a day, a life of leisure.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 2์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ฐ˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง„ ํœด์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
But what really happened is, every day they had a thousand copies,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๊ฑด ๋งค์ผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 1,000 ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
each of whom did a two-hour plumbing job,
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์€ 2์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต์˜ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
and only one of them went on to the next day.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ 99% ์ด์ƒ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
Objectively, they're working well over 99 percent of the time.
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์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํœด๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ™œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
Subjectively, they remember a life of leisure.
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10:45
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:46
This, again, is you. You start and you end.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
This could be you if at the start of party,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—
10:50
you took a drug that meant you would not remember that party
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๊ทธ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ์—†์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์•ฝ์„ ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:53
ever after that day.
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๊ทธ ํ›„์— ์˜์›ํžˆ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:55
Some people do this, I'm told.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ €๋„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Toward the end of the party,
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ์ฏค์— ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
will you say to yourself, "I'm about to die, this is terrible.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, "๊ณง ์ฃฝ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋”์ฐํ•ด
11:02
That person tomorrow isn't me, because they won't remember what I do."
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๋‚ด์ผ์˜ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:05
Or you could say, "I will go on tomorrow. I just won't remember what I did."
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ํ˜น์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ "๋‚ด์ผ ๊ณ„์† ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ" ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
11:09
This is an em who splits off a short-term copy
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜๋Š” em์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
to do a short-term task and then end.
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๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:13
They have the same two attitude possibilities.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํƒœ๋„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
They can say, "I'm a new short-term creature with a short life. I hate this."
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์•ผ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ธ์ƒ์ด ์‹ซ์–ด."
ํ˜น์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ํฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์•ผ" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
Or "I'm a part of a larger creature who won't remember this part."
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11:22
I predict they'll have that second attitude,
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์ €๋Š” ํ›„์ž์˜ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
not because it's philosophically correct, but because it helps them get along.
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์ ˆํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šด์˜์›์น™์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ด๋ผํฌ๋ฅผ ์นจ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:28
Today, if the president says we must invade Iraq,
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11:31
and you say, "Why?"
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ "์™œ์š”" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
and they say, "State secret,"
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ "๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
you're not sure if you can trust them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•˜์ฃ .
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, em์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ธˆ๊ณ  ์•ˆ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
11:35
but for ems, a copy of the president and a copy of you can go inside a safe,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋น„๋ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์• ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ํ›„์—
11:39
explain all their secret reasons,
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11:40
and then one bit comes out from your copy to yourself,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฌผ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ
11:43
telling you if you were convinced.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์„ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
So now you can know there is a good reason.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
I know you guys are all eager to evaluate this world.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
You're eager to decide if you love it or hate it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
But think: your ancestors from thousands of years ago
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„ ์ „ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ์กฐ๋“ค์ด
11:55
would have loved or hated your world
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‹ซ์–ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•ด์„œ์š”.
11:57
based on the first few things they heard about it,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
because your world is really just weird.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
So before judging a strange future world, you should really learn a lot about it,
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๋˜๋Š” ์ฑ… ํ•œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋‹ค ์ฝ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
maybe read a whole book about it,
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12:06
and then, if you don't like it, work to change it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
Thank you.
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12:10
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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