How porn changes the way teens think about sex | Emily F. Rothman

623,891 views ใƒป 2019-09-30

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hansol Ryu ๊ฒ€ํ† : Seongjae Hwang
00:12
[This talk contains mature content]
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[์ด ์˜์ƒ์€ ์„ฑ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค]
00:17
Six years ago,
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6๋…„ ์ „
00:18
I discovered something that scientists have been wanting to know for years.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
How do you capture the attention
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์•„์ฃผ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ
00:25
of a roomful of extremely bored teenagers?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:29
It turns out all you have to do is mention the word pornography.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ด ๋ง๋งŒ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ'.
00:33
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:34
Let me tell you how I first learned this.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
In 2012, I was sitting in a crowded room full of high school students
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2012๋…„์— ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์— ์•‰์•„์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
who were attending an after-school program in Boston.
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๋ณด์Šคํ„ด์˜ ๋ฐฉ๊ณผํ›„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
And my job, as guest speaker for the day,
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๊ทธ๋‚ ์˜ ์ดˆ์ฒญ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ž๋กœ์„œ ์ œ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š”
00:46
was to inspire them to think about how exciting it would be
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๊ณต์ค‘ ๋ณด๊ฑด ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ
00:49
to have a career in public health.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:52
The problem was,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
00:53
as I looked at their faces,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณด์ž
00:54
I could see that their eyes were glazing over,
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๋ˆˆ๋น›์—๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:57
and they were just tuning out.
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
It didn't even matter that I wore
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋‚  ๋‚˜๋ฆ„๋Œ€๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”
01:01
what I thought was my cool outfit that day.
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์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ณ„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
01:05
I was just losing my audience.
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์ œ ์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
01:07
So, then one of the two adults who worked for the program said,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž ๋‘ ๋ช… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
"Aren't you doing some research about pornography?
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"ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
01:13
Maybe tell them about that."
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?"
01:16
All of a sudden, that room full of high school students exploded
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๊ทธ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•œ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ์€
01:20
into laughter, high fives.
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ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ์›ƒ์Œ๊ณผ ํ•˜์ดํŒŒ์ด๋ธŒ๋กœ ๋„˜์ณ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
I think there were some loud hooting noises.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์™ธ์น˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
01:25
And all anyone had done was say that one word -- pornography.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์ € ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
That moment would prove to be an important turning point
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ , ์ง์—…์  ์ „ํ™˜์ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
for me and my professional mission of finding solutions
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์ œ ์ง์—…์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋ช…์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
01:35
to end dating and sexual violence.
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๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
At that point, I'd been working for more than a decade
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” 10๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:41
on this seemingly intractable problem of dating violence.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ๋„ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด์ฃ .
01:45
Data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
01:48
demonstrate that one in five high school-attending youth
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๋งค๋…„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ช… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€
01:52
experience physical and/or sexual abuse
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์‚ฌ๊ท€๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ ์ฒด์ , ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:56
by a dating partner each year in the US.
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ํ•™๋Œ€๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
That makes dating violence more prevalent
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์ฆ‰ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜(20%)์ด
02:02
than being bullied on school property,
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ํ•™๊ต ๋‚ด ๋”ฐ๋Œ๋ฆผ(19%)์ด๋‚˜
02:04
seriously considering suicide,
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์ž์‚ด์„ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜(17%)
์ „์ž ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ(13%)๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ํ”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
or even vaping,
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02:08
in that same population.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋‚ด์—์„œ์š”.
02:10
But solutions were proving elusive.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ๋ณ„ ์†Œ์šฉ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
And I was working with a research team
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š”
02:15
that was hunting for novel answers to the question:
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
What's causing dating abuse, and how do we stop it?
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๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ์›์ธ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
02:22
One of the research studies that we were working on at the time
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๊ทธ ๋ฌด๋ ต ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋‹ˆ
02:25
happened to include a few questions about pornography.
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
And something unexpected was emerging from our findings.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
Eleven percent of the teen girls in our sample
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์—ฌํ•™์ƒ ์ค‘์—์„œ 11%๊ฐ€
02:36
reported that they had been forced or threatened
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๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์„ฑ์  ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜๋„๋ก
02:39
to do sexual things that the perpetrator saw in pornography.
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๊ฐ•์š”๋‹นํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
That got me curious.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Was pornography to blame for any percentage of dating violence?
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ์›์ธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
02:51
Or was it more like a coincidence that the pornography users
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ
๊ทธ์ € ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ์ด์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ์„ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ?
02:55
also happen to be more likely to be in unhealthy relationships?
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02:59
I investigated by reading everything that I could
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ผ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ
๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ณ 
03:02
from the peer-reviewed literature,
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03:04
and by conducting my own research.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
I wanted to know
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
03:08
what kinds of sexually explicit media youth were watching,
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋งค์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š”์ง€
03:10
and how often and why,
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ, ์™œ ๋ณด๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
and see if I could piece together
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ, ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋งค์ฒด๊ฐ€
03:14
if it was part of the reason that for so many of them
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๊ทธ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค ์ค‘ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์—ฐ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”
03:16
dating relationships were apparently unhealthy.
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์›์ธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
As I read, I tried to keep an open mind,
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์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋ ค ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:24
even though there were plenty of members of the public
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์‹œ๋ฏผ ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
03:26
who'd already made up their mind about the issue.
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์ž…์žฅ์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ •ํ•ด๋‘๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
Why would I keep an open mind about pornography?
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์™œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:33
Well, I'm a trained social scientist,
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
03:35
so it's my job to be objective.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
But I'm also what people call sex-positive.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด '์„น์Šค ์ฐฌ์„ฑ๋ก ์ž'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
That means that I fully support people's right
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์ฆ‰ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์„ฑ์ƒํ™œ์ด๋“ , ์„ฑ์  ์ทจํ–ฅ์ด๋“ 
03:45
to enjoy whatever kind of sex life and sexuality they find fulfilling,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋“ 
03:50
no matter what it involves,
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์ฆ๊ธธ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
as long as it includes the enthusiastic consent
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๋‹จ, ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „์ œ๋กœ์š”.
03:55
of all parties involved.
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03:57
That said, I personally wasn't inclined towards watching pornography.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฒจ ๋ณด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
I'd seen some, didn't really do anything for me.
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๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๋ดค์ง€๋งŒ ๋”ฑํžˆ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
04:05
And as a mom of two soon-to-be teenage children,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ์‹ญ๋Œ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด ๋  ๋‘ ์ž๋…€์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋กœ์„œ
04:08
I had my own concerns
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด
04:10
about what seeing pornography could do to them.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
I noticed that while there were a lot of people
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
04:16
who were denouncing pornography,
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์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์—
04:18
there were also people who were staunch defenders of it
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์–ดํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๊ณ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
for a variety of reasons.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ์š”.
04:22
So in my scholarly exploration,
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์ œ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ํƒ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ์„œ
04:25
I genuinely tried to understand:
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
Was pornography bad for you or was it good for you?
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
04:32
Was it misogynist or was it empowering?
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ˜์˜ค ๋งค์ฒด์ธ๊ฐ€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
04:36
And there was not one singular answer that emerged clearly.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
There was one longitudinal study that had me really worried,
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์ €๋ฅผ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:44
that showed that teenagers who saw pornography
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์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์‹ญ๋Œ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด
04:48
were subsequently more likely to perpetrate sexual violence.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•  ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์Œ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
But the design of the study
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
04:53
didn't allow for definitive causal conclusions.
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์ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
And there were other studies that did not find
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”
์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ์ด์šฉ๊ณผ
04:59
that adolescent pornography use
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ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
was associated with certain negative outcomes.
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05:04
Even though there were other studies that did find that.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
05:06
But as I spoke to other experts,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฉด
05:08
I felt tremendous pressure to pick a side about pornography.
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๊ณจ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ฌํ•œ ์••๋ฐ•์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Join one team or the other.
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์ด์ชฝ ํŽธ์— ์„œ๋“ ๊ฐ€ ์ €์ชฝ ํŽธ์— ์„œ๋“ ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:16
I was even told that it was weak-minded of me
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์•ฝํ•œ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
05:19
not to be able to pick out the one correct answer about pornography.
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐจ๋งˆ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
And it was complicated,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ ์€
05:25
because there is an industry
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๊ด€๋ จ ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์กด์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
that is capitalizing off of audience's fascination
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๊ฐ์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€, ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ, ์–ป๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์—์„œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒ„๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…์ด์ฃ .
05:31
with seeing women, in particular, not just having sex,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๊ผญ ์„น์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:36
but being chocked, gagged, slapped,
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๋ฌถ์ด๊ณ , ์žฌ๊ฐˆ์ด ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€๊ณ , ์†๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž๊ณ ,
05:41
spit upon, ejaculated upon,
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์นจ์ด๋‚˜ ์ •์•ก์ด ๋ฟŒ๋ ค์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
05:44
called degrading names over and over during sex,
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์„น์Šค ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋น„ํ•˜์ ์ธ ํ˜ธ์นญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
and not always clearly with their consent.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•ฉ์˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ฃ .
05:51
Most people would agree that we have a serious problem
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ
์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ˜์˜ค, ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ, ๊ฐ•๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•จ์— ๋™์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
with misogyny, sexual violence and rape in this country,
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05:59
and pornography probably isn't helping with any of that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:03
And a critically important problem to me was that
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
06:06
for more than a century,
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ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
06:08
the anti-pornography position had been used as a pretext
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์•…์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
for discriminating against gays and lesbians
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๊ฒŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ ˆ์ฆˆ๋น„์–ธ, ํ˜น์€
ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์„ฑ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ํŽ˜ํ‹ฐ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ•  ํ•‘๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
or people who have kinks or have fetishes.
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06:18
So I could see why, on the one hand,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
06:20
we might be very worried about the messages that pornography is sending,
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
06:25
and on the other hand,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
06:26
why we might be really worried about going overboard indicting it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์šฐ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
For the next two years,
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๋‹ค์Œ 2๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
06:32
I looked into every scary, horrifying claim that I could find
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์ €๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ณ  ๊ฒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
about the average age at which people first see pornography,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ์—ฐ๋ น์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ์ง€
06:41
or what it does to their brains or their sexuality.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‡Œ์™€ ์„ฑ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
06:45
Here's what I have to report back.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
The free, online, mainstream pornography,
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ, ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ, ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋Š”
06:51
that's the kind that teenagers are most likely to see,
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ธ๋ฐ,
06:54
is a completely terrible form of sex education.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง์ด์ง€ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ์ž๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:03
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
07:08
But that's not what it was intended for.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
07:12
And it probably is not instantly poisoning their minds
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณ‘๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:17
or turning them into compulsive users,
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์ž์ œํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชป ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์šฉ์ž๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
the way that some ideologues would have you believe.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ–ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
07:22
It's a rare person who doesn't see some pornography in their youth.
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ธฐ์— ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋“œ๋ญ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
By the time they're 18 years old,
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18์‚ด์ด๋ฉด
07:29
93 percent of first year college males and 62 percent of females
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๋Œ€ํ•™ 1ํ•™๋…„ ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ์˜ 93%, ์—ฌํ•™์ƒ์˜ 62%๊ฐ€
07:34
have seen pornography at least once.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์€ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
And though people like to say
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
07:38
that the internet has made pornography ubiquitous,
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์˜€๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:42
or basically guarantees that any young child
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์„ ์†์— ์ฅ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ
07:46
who's handed a smartphone is definitely going to see pornography,
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋“ ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
07:50
data don't really support that.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
A nationally representative study found that in the year 2000
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๋‚˜๋ผ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ณธํ™”ํ•œ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 2000๋…„๋„์—
07:56
16 percent of 10-to-13-year-old youth
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10์‚ด์—์„œ 13์‚ด ์‚ฌ์ด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ 16%๊ฐ€
07:59
reported that they'd seen pornography in the past year.
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๊ทธ ์ „ ํ•ด์— ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
And by 2010, that figure had increased.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2010๋…„์—๋Š” ๋” ๋†’์€ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์ฃ .
08:06
But only to 30 percent.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ง€ 30%๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
So it wasn't everybody.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹จ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Our problems with adolescents and sexual violence perpetration
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:14
is not only because of pornography.
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
In fact, a recent study
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”
08:18
found that adolescents are more likely to see sexualized images
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ
08:21
in other kinds of media besides pornography.
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณผ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
Think about all those sexualized video games,
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„,
08:28
or TV shows, or music videos.
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TV ์‡ผ, ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๋“ฑ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:31
And it could be exposure to a steady stream of violent media
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋งค์ฒด์— ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:36
that instead of or in addition to the sexualized images
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์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ, ํ˜น์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋”ํ•ด์ ธ์„œ
08:40
is causing our problems.
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๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
By focusing on the potential harms of pornography alone,
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋งŒ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋†“๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ž ์žฌ์  ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
08:48
we may be distracting ourselves from bigger issues.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋” ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
Or missing root causes of dating and sexual violence,
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์œ„๊ธฐ์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ์˜
08:56
which are the true public health crises.
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๊ทผ๋ณธ ์›์ธ์„ ๋†“์น˜๋Š” ์ผ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
08:59
That said, even my own research
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„
09:01
demonstrates that adolescents are turning to pornography
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ์„น์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
09:05
for education and information about sex.
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
And that's because they can't find
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด
๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
reliable and factual information elsewhere.
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09:13
Less than 50 percent of the states in the United States
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 50% ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์ฃผ๋งŒ์ด
09:17
require that sex education be taught in schools,
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์„ฑ๊ต์œก์„ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์˜๋ฌด๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
including how to prevent coerced sex.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ฑ๊ต์œก์€ ๊ฐ•์••์ ์ธ ์„น์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ฃ .
09:24
And less than half of those states
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ฃผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ดํ•˜๋งŒ์ด
09:26
require that the information presented be medically accurate.
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์ด๋•Œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—„๋ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
So in that Boston after-school program,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด ๋ฐฉ๊ณผํ›„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ
09:34
those kids really wanted to talk about sex,
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์„น์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ๊ณ 
09:37
and they really wanted to talk about pornography.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
And they wanted to talk about those things
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ด๋ง์ด
09:41
a whole lot more than they wanted to talk about dating or sexual violence.
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๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ปธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
So we realized,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š”
09:46
we could cover all of the same topics that we might normally talk about
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ํ‰์†Œ์— ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ
09:51
under the guise of healthy relationships education,
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๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
like, what's a definition of sexual consent?
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์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด, ์„ฑ์  ํ–‰์œ„์— ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ •์˜๋Š”?
09:57
Or, how do you know if you're hurting somebody during sex?
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ํ˜น์€ ์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋„์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•„ํ”„๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€?
10:01
Or what are healthy boundaries to have when you're flirting?
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ํ˜น์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์–ดํ•„ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์„ ์€ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ๊ฐ€? ๊ฐ™์ด
10:04
All of these same things we could discuss
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์†Œ์— ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ๋ก  ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ
10:07
by using pornography as the jumping-off point
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
10:11
for our conversation.
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
It's sort of like when adults give kids a desert like brownies,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ๋‹ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ„์‹์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ
10:16
but they secretly baked a zucchini or something healthy inside of it.
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๊ทธ ์†์— ๋ชฐ๋ž˜ ์• ํ˜ธ๋ฐ• ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์„ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
10:19
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:21
We could talk to the kids about the healthy stuff,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„,
10:25
the stuff that's good for you,
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๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋˜
10:26
but hide it inside a conversation that was about something
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
10:29
that they thought they wanted to be talking about.
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๋Œ€ํ™” ์†์— ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
We also discovered something
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
10:33
that we didn't necessarily set out to find,
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์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์ ๋„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:36
which is that there's a fantastic way to have a conversation with teenagers
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค๊ณผ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
10:41
about pornography.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
And that is,
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๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ž€
10:44
keep the conversation true to science.
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๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ณ์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
Admit what we know and what we don't know
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‹Œ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
10:50
about the impact of pornography.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
Talk about where there are mixed results
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์–ด๋–ค ์ ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
10:56
or where there are weaknesses in the studies that have been conducted.
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์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
Invite the adolescents to become critical consumers
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๊ณผ
11:04
of the research literature on pornography,
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๋˜ํ•œ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ์ž์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
11:07
as well as the pornography itself.
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๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:09
That really fits with adolescent development.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๊ณผ์ •์—๋„ ์ •๋ง ์•Œ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Adolescents like to question things
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์€ ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:15
and they like to be invited to think for themselves.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
And we realized by starting to experiment,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
11:22
teaching some classes in consent, respect and pornography,
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๋™์˜, ์กด์ค‘, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
11:26
that trying to scare adolescents into a particular point of view
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์„ ๊ฒ์ค˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ด€์ ์„ ์‹ฌ์–ด์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:31
or jam a one-sided argument down their throat about pornography
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ์ชฝ ์˜๊ฒฌ ๋งŒ์„ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ์‚ผํ‚ค๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
11:37
not only probably does not work,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๋ฟ๋”๋Ÿฌ
11:41
but really doesn't model the kind of respectful,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š”, ์กด์ค‘์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”
11:45
consensual behavior that we want them to learn.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ํƒœ๋„์™€๋„ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
So our approach, what we call pornography literacy,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ 'ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ๊ต์–‘'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
11:53
is about presenting the truth about pornography
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๊ทธ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๊ณ 
11:56
to the best of our knowledge,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ
11:58
given that there is an ever-changing evidence base.
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
When people hear that we teach a nine-session, 18-hour class
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ 9ํšŒ, 18์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
12:07
in pornography literacy to teenagers,
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ๊ต์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
12:09
I think that they either think that we're sitting kids down
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์•‰ํ˜€ ๋†“๊ณ 
12:12
and trying to show them how to watch pornography,
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
12:15
which is not what we do,
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ์š”,
12:17
or that we're part of an anti-pornography activist group
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ํ˜น์€ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ํ™œ๋™ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์—ฌ์„œ
12:21
that's trying to convince them that if they ever saw pornography,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์—
12:24
it would be the number one worst thing for their health ever.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚˜์œ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ผ์ด ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋“ํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
And that's not it, either.
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์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
Our secret ingredient is that we're nonjudgmental.
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์ €ํฌ์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
We don't think that youth should be watching pornography.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
But, above all, we want them to become critical thinkers
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ €ํฌ๋Š”, ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
if and when they do see it.
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12:43
And we've learned,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
12:44
from the number of requests for our curriculum and our training,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๋„ˆ๋จธ์—์„œ
์ €ํฌ ๊ต์œก ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ๊ต์œก์„ ์š”์ฒญ๋ฐ›์€ ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ,
12:47
from across the US and beyond,
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12:50
that there are a lot of parents and a lot of teachers
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ณผ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด
12:54
who really do want to be having these more nuanced
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค๊ณผ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์„ธ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ
12:57
and realistic conversations with teenagers about pornography.
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๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
We've had requests from Utah to Vermont,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์œ ํƒ€, ๋ฒ„๋ชฌํŠธ,
13:06
to Alabama, to Hawaii.
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์•Œ๋ผ๋ฐ”๋งˆ, ํ•˜์™€์ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
So in that after-school program,
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๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๊ณผํ›„ ํ•™๊ต ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์€
13:12
what I saw, is that from the minute we mentioned the word pornography,
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ž๋งˆ์ž
์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
those kids were ready to jump in to a back-and-forth
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13:20
about what they did and didn't want to see in pornography,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์€์ง€,
13:24
and what they did and didn't want to do during sex.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ค‘ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์ด์š”.
13:27
And what was degrading to women
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋น„ํ•˜์ ์ธ์ง€
13:30
or unfair to men or racist, all of it.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ณตํ‰ํ•œ์ง€, ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์ธ์ง€ ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
13:33
And they made some really sophisticated points.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ๋†’์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
Exactly the kinds of things that we would want them to be talking about
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ํญ๋ ฅ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€
์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด์š”.
13:40
as violence prevention activists.
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13:43
And as teachers, we might leave the class one day and think,
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ๊ต์‹ค์„ ๋‚˜์„œ๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
"It is really sad that there's that one boy in our class
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'๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ•ญ๋ฌธ ์„ฑ๊ต์—์„œ ์พŒ๋ฝ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ์ด
13:51
who thinks that all women have orgasms from anal sex."
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๋ฐ˜์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ ์ •๋ง ์Šฌํ”ˆ ์ผ์ด์•ผ.'
13:56
And we might leave class the next week and think,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ๊ต์‹ค์„ ๋‚˜์„œ๋ฉด์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
"I'm really glad that there's that one kid in our class who's gay,
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ ์ค‘ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ธ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ป.
14:04
who said that seeing his sexuality represented in pornography
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์„ฑ์  ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ด ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ด
์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด.'
14:09
saved his life."
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14:11
Or, "There's that one girl in our class
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ํ˜น์€, '์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ˜์— ์—ฌํ•™์ƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
14:13
who said that she's feeling a lot better about her body,
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ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ๋ชธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„ค.
14:17
because she saw someone shaped like her as the object of desire
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์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ฒดํ˜•์˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์—ด๋ง์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š”
14:22
in some tame pornography."
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์กฐ๋ จ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ํ›„๋กœ ๋ง์ด์•ผ.'
14:25
So this is where I find myself as a violence prevention activist.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํญ๋ ฅ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ์†Œ๋ช…์„ ์ฐพ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
I find myself talking about and researching pornography.
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์ €๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:35
And though it would be easier
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์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์—
14:36
if things in life were all one way or the other,
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์ข‹๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธก๋ฉดํ•œ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์‰ฌ์› ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
14:38
what I've found in my conversations with teenagers about pornography
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์ €๋Š” ์‹ญ๋Œ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค๊ณผ ํฌ๋ฅด๋…ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
is that they remain engaged in these conversations
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์† ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
14:47
because we allow them to grapple with the complexities.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ์”จ๋ฆ„ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
14:51
And because we're honest about the science.
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๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
These adolescents may not be adults yet,
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์ด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์€ ์•„์ง ์–ด๋ฅธ์ด ์•„๋‹์ง€๋ผ๋„
14:59
but they are living in an adult world.
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์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
And they're ready for adult conversations.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋ฅธ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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