A Case for Color Blindness | Coleman Hughes | TED

401,532 views ใƒป 2023-08-09

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Naama Lieberman ืขืจื™ื›ื”: zeeva livshitz
00:04
I want to do a quick exercise.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื–ืจื™ื–.
00:06
Close your eyes.
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ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.
00:09
I want you to picture your best friend.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื›ื.
00:13
Think about what specifically you love about them.
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืชื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื.
00:17
What trait makes them them?
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ืื™ืœื• ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ ืฉื”ื?
00:22
Now open your eyes.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืคืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.
00:25
I don't know what each of you came up with,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื ื—ืฉื‘,
00:27
but I'm pretty sure I know what you didn't come up with.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื” ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื.
00:30
Iโ€™m pretty sure none of you thought,
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ืื ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘,
00:32
"What makes Jim Jim is the fact that he's six-foot-two and a redhead."
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โ€œืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื’โ€˜ื™ื ืœื’โ€˜ื™ื ื–ื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืจ ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื”ื•ื ื’โ€˜ื™ื ื’โ€™ื™โ€
00:37
I'm guessing you chose their inner qualities,
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ืื ื™ ืžื ื—ืฉ ืฉื‘ื—ืจืชื ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช,
00:40
their sense of humor,
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ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื,
00:41
their generosity, their intelligence,
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ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื”ื—ื›ืžื”,
00:44
qualities they would have no matter what they looked like.
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ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืจืื” ืฉืœื”ื.
00:47
There's one more quality I'm pretty sure you didn't choose.
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ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืื ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืœื ื‘ื—ืจืชื.
00:51
Their race.
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ื”ื’ื–ืข ืฉืœื”ื.
00:53
Of all the things you could list about somebody,
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ืžื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•,
00:56
their race is just about the least interesting you can name,
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ื”ื’ื–ืข ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ื›ื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
00:59
right down there with height and hair color.
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ืฉื ื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืขื ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืฆื‘ืข ืฉื™ืขืจ.
01:03
Sure, race can be good source material for jokes at a comedy club,
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ื‘ื˜ื—, ื’ื–ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ืกื˜ื ื“-ืืค,
01:06
but in the real world,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžืชื™,
01:08
a person's race doesn't tell you whether they're kind or selfish,
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ื”ื’ื–ืข ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื’ืœื” ืœืš ืื ื”ื ืื“ื™ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื,
01:11
whether their beliefs are right or wrong,
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ืื ื”ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช,
01:14
whether they'll become your best friend or your worst enemy.
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ืื ื”ื ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืื• ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
01:19
But over the past ten years,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
01:20
our societies have become more and more fixated on racial identity.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืช ื’ื–ืขื™ืช.
01:26
We've all been invited to reflect on our inner whiteness or inner Blackness,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื•ื–ืžื ื• ืœื”ืจื”ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื ื•ึผืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื• ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจื•ึผืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
01:31
as if these racial essences define who we are.
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื•.
01:36
Meanwhile, American society has experienced the greatest crisis
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ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื—ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:40
in race relations in a generation.
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ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•.
01:43
Gallup has been asking Americans how they feel about race relations,
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ื’ืืœื•ืค ืฉืืœ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืื™ืš ื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ื,
01:46
and this chart is the result.
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ื•ื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ื”ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืกืงืจ.
01:49
So as you can see, between 2001 and 2013,
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ืื– ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ 2001 ืœ-2013,
01:52
most Americans felt good about race relations.
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ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ื.
01:55
Then both lines take a nosedive.
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ื•ืื– ืฉื ื™ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฆื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ื•ืช.
01:58
It's no exaggeration to call this one of the greatest crises of our time.
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ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื’ื–ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•.
02:03
And clearly we need new ways of thinking about race
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื’ื–ืข
02:07
if we're going to reverse this trend.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื–ื•.
02:11
So today I'm going to offer an old idea,
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ืื– ื”ื™ื•ื ืืฆื™ืข ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืŸ,
02:14
but it's an idea that's been widely misunderstood.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ืจืื•ื™.
02:17
You've probably heard it before, it's called color blindness.
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ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืฉืžืขืชื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื–ื” โ€œืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ืโ€œ.
02:22
What do I mean by color blindness?
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ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื?
02:24
After all, we all see race.
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœ, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื’ื–ืข.
02:27
We can't help it.
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ืื ื• ืœื ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ื”.
02:28
And what's more, race can influence how we're treated
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ื•ืžื” ืขื•ื“, ื”ื’ื–ืข ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืก ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื
02:32
and how we treat other people.
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ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื.
02:33
So in that sense, nobody is truly colorblind.
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ืื– ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื.
02:37
But to interpret the word colorblind so literally
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš
02:40
is to misunderstand it.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื ื”.
02:43
Colorblind is a word like warmhearted.
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ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื ื— ื›ืžื• โ€œืœื‘ ื—ืโ€œ.
02:46
It uses a physical metaphor to capture an abstract idea.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืคืฉื˜.
02:50
To call someone warmhearted isnโ€™t to talk about the temperature of their heart
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ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ ื—ื ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื”ื
02:54
but about the kindness of their soul.
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ืืœื ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžืชื.
02:56
And similarly, to advocate for color blindness
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื
02:59
is not to pretend you don't notice race.
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ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืคื ื™ื ืฉืืชื ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ื’ื–ืข.
03:03
It's to support a principle
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ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ
03:05
that we should try our best to treat people without regard to race,
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ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœื’ื–ืข ืฉืœื”ื,
03:09
both in our personal lives and in our public policy.
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ื’ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช.
03:14
And you might be thinking, what's so controversial about that?
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ื•ืืชื ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช?
03:18
Well, the fact is the philosophy of color blindness is under attack.
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื ืžืฆื ืชื—ืช ืžืชืงืคื”.
03:22
Critics say that it's naive
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ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื ืื™ื‘ื™
03:24
or that we're not yet ready for it as a society
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ืื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื–ื” ื›ื—ื‘ืจื”
03:27
or even that it's white supremacy in disguise.
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื–ื• ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื” ื‘ืžืกื•ื•ื”.
03:31
And many people agree with these feelings.
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืขื ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
03:33
For example, a few years ago,
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื,
03:35
a young adult fantasy author came under pressure
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ืกื•ืคืจืช ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ืคื ื˜ืกื™ื” ืœื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ
03:38
to halt the release of her new book.
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ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืคืจืกื•ื ืกืคืจื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
03:41
Why?
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ืœืžื”?
03:42
Because the marketing blurb for the book went like this:
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ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”:
03:46
"In a world where the princess is the monster,
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โ€œื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืคืœืฆืช,
03:49
oppression is blind to skin color,
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ื”ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืœืฆื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ืจ,
03:51
and good and evil exist in shades of gray ..."
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ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคื•ืจ...โ€
03:54
Now that one sentence clause
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ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ื–ื”
03:56
about oppression being blind to skin color,
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ืขืœ ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืœืฆื‘ืข ืขื•ืจ,
03:59
describing a fantasy world, mind you,
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ืฉืžืชืืจ ืขื•ืœื ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™, ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื,
04:02
was enough to provoke an online backlash.
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ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื ื’ื“ ื‘ืจืฉืช.
04:06
Now, part of this reaction to color blindness
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ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื
04:09
is actually a fault of its advocates.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืฉืžืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
04:11
People will say things like,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•,
04:13
โ€œI donโ€™t see colorโ€ as a way of expressing support for color blindness.
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โ€œืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืฆื‘ืขโ€ ื›ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื.
04:17
But this phrase is guaranteed to produce confusion
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ
04:21
because you do see color, right?
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ื›ื™ ืืชื ื›ืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ืฆื‘ืข, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
04:23
I think we should all get rid of this phrase
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื”
04:25
and replace it with what we really mean to say,
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ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“,
04:28
which is, "I try to treat people without regard to race."
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ โ€œืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœื’ื–ืขโ€œ.
04:33
Now, that said,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื”,
04:34
most of the pushback to color blindness comes from critics
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืžื‘ืงืจื™ื
04:38
who misrepresent it as somehow a conservative idea.
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ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืจื ื™.
04:42
Now, this could not be further from the truth.
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ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืจื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืืžืช.
04:45
The philosophy of color blindness does not come from conservatives.
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ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืœื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ื.
04:49
It actually comes from the radical wing of the antislavery movement
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ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื”ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจื“ื™ืงืœื™ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื
04:54
in the 19th century.
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ื‘ืžืื” ื”-19.
04:57
The earliest mentions of color blindness come from Wendell Phillips,
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ื”ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื•ื•ื ื“ืœ ืคื™ืœื™ืคืก,
05:01
who was the president of the American Anti-Slavery Society
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ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื ื’ื“ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช
05:04
and a man whose nickname was "abolition's golden trumpet."
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ื•ืื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” โ€œื—ืฆื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืชโ€œ.
05:09
He believed in immediate full equality for Black Americans.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืžืœื ืœืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื.
05:12
And in 1865, he called for the creation of a "government colorblind,"
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ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช 1865, ื”ื•ื ืงืจื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช โ€œืžืžืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืฆื‘ืขื™ืโ€œ,
05:18
by which he meant the permanent end of all laws that mention race.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื’ื–ืข.
05:24
What about the other critiques of color blindness?
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ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื?
05:27
Wouldnโ€™t color blindness render us unable to fight racism?
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ื”ืื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืœื ื™ืžื ืข ืžืืชื ื• ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช?
05:32
Wouldn't it mean getting rid of policies like affirmative action
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ื”ืื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืืคืœื™ื” ืžืชืงื ืช
05:35
that benefit people of color?
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ืฉืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื?
05:38
I believe that eliminating race-based policies
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืคืกืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ื’ื–ืข
05:42
does not equal eliminating policies meant to reduce inequality.
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ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื”ืคืกืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ.
05:48
It simply means that those policies should be executed
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื•ืช
05:52
on the basis of class instead of race.
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ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื’ื–ืข.
05:56
Why class over race?
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ืœืžื” ืžืขืžื“ ื•ืœื ื’ื–ืข?
05:58
I'll give two reasons.
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ืืชืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.
06:00
First because class is almost always a better proxy
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื ื‘ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:05
for true disadvantage than race.
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ืฉืœ ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ืืžืชื™ืช ืœืขื•ืžืช ื’ื–ืข.
06:09
Imagine we picked ten Americans at random.
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืขืฉืจื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื‘ืืงืจืื™.
06:13
And our task is to sort them from least privileged on one end
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœืกื“ืจ ืื•ืชื ืžืืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ื›ื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงืฆื” ืื—ื“
06:17
to most privileged on the other.
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ืœืืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืฉื ื™.
06:20
Now, there's no direct measure of privilege,
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ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื“ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช,
06:22
so we have to choose a proxy measure.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื“ื“ ืขืงื™ืฃ.
06:25
My claim here is that lining them up by income or wealth
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ื”ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื ืกื“ืจ ืื•ืชื ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืŸ
06:31
would get us closer to achieving that task
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ื ืชืงืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื”
06:33
than simply lining people up by race.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืืจื’ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืคื™ ื’ื–ืข.
06:36
That's what I mean when I say that class is usually a better proxy
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ืœื–ื” ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืขืžื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื“ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:40
for disadvantage than race.
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ืœืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื’ื–ืข.
06:44
And the second reason is that class-based policies tend to be more popular
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืžืขืžื“ ื ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:49
and less controversial because they don't penalize anyone
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ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืขื ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืฃ ืื—ื“
06:52
for immutable biological traits.
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ืขืœ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช.
06:56
Think of policies like need-based financial aid
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืกื™ื•ืข ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฆื•ืจืš
06:59
or the earned-income tax credit.
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ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ืœืคื™ ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกื”.
07:02
These are policies that address inequality
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ืืœื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื˜ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ืื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ
07:05
without anyone having to feel the sting of racial discrimination.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ืงื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืืคืœื™ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ืช.
07:11
I want to give you an example of a disastrous race-based policy.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช-ื’ื–ืข ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช.
07:15
It was called the Restaurant Revitalization Fund.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžืกืขื“ื ื•ืช.
07:19
Over 70,000 restaurants closed in 2020 due to the pandemic,
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-70,000 ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื ืกื’ืจื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2020 ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”,
07:24
and this fund allocated 29 billion dollars to help these restaurants.
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ื•ื”ืงืจืŸ ื”ื–ื• ื”ืงืฆืชื” 29 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
07:29
But for the first three weeks of the program,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช,
07:31
only people of color, women and veterans could apply.
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ืจืง ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ื–ืขื™ื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืฆื‘ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื”.
07:36
So soon after it began,
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ืื– ืงืฆืช ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื”,
07:37
white male restaurant owners sued, alleging discrimination.
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื”, ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืœืืคืœื™ื”.
07:41
A judge ruled in their favor, and the program was stopped.
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ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ ืคืกืง ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื, ื•ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื ืขืฆืจื”.
07:44
But by that time, two thirds of the money was already gone.
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ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื•ืœืงื•.
07:49
And it wasn't just white men that got discriminated against in this policy.
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคืœื• ืœืจืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•.
07:54
Around 3,000 women and people of color were promised money
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ืœื‘ืขืจืš 3,000 ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ื–ืขื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื‘ื˜ื— ื›ืกืฃ
07:58
before the judge stopped the program
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ ืขืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช
08:00
and then unpromised that money just after.
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ื•ืื– ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื›ืกืฃ ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš.
08:05
And the remaining 10 billion then went to white men
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ื•ืขืฉืจื” ื”ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื”ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื
08:08
who had initially been put at the back of the line.
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ืฉืžื•ืงืžื• ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืชื•ืจ.
08:12
So the net result of this policy was a double dose of discrimination.
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ืื– ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื ื” ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืืคืœื™ื”.
08:17
Initially, thousands of white men were discriminated against
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืคืœื™ื” ื ื’ื“ ืืœืคื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื
08:21
and then thousands of women and people of color were discriminated against.
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ื•ืื– ื ื’ื“ ืืœืคื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ื–ืขื™ื™ื.
08:25
And it's a virtual guarantee
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ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช
08:27
that there are people out there who lost their restaurant
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืžืกืขื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื
08:30
in both of those camps because they were the wrong skin color.
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื•ืจื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
08:34
Can anyone really argue
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ื”ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ
08:35
that a colorblind program wouldn't have produced better results for everybody?
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ืฉืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจืช ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉื™ื’ื” ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื?
08:42
So I just gave an example of a disastrous race-based policy.
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ืื– ื ืชืชื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช-ื’ื–ืข ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช.
08:45
Now, I want to give you an example
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื”
08:47
of a colorblind policy that has worked quite well.
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ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจืช ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืฉืขื‘ื“ื” ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘.
08:51
America has been struggling with the issue of racial bias in policing
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ืืจื”โ€œื‘ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ืช ืขื ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืจ
08:55
for a very long time.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘.
08:56
And a solution to one aspect of this problem
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ื•ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ื•
09:00
is to issue tickets using traffic cameras instead of human beings.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืคื™ืง ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
09:05
Cops can be racially biased, consciously or not,
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ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื–ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืžื•ื“ืข ืื• ืœื ื‘ืžื•ื“ืข,
09:09
but traffic cameras, red light cameras and speeding cameras can't.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ื“ืจืš, ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืจืžื–ื•ืจ ื•ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื.
09:14
So you would think anyone interested in reducing racial bias in policing
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ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืจ
09:20
would support these traffic cameras.
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ื™ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
09:21
But you'd be wrong.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื.
09:23
Some have opposed them on the grounds
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื”
09:25
that they don't yield statistically equal ticketing rates by race,
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ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืคื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœืคื™ ื’ื–ืข,
09:29
and they remain illegal in many US states.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”โ€œื‘.
09:33
So here's an example
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื”
09:34
where the philosophy of color blindness cuts through confusion like a knife.
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ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื—ื•ืชื›ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ื›ืžื• ืกื›ื™ืŸ.
09:39
If weโ€™re guided by color blindness,
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ืื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืžื ื—ื” ืื•ืชื ื•,
09:41
our goal should be to eliminate bias from systems that affect people's lives
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ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืกืœ ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
09:46
wherever possible,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืืคืฉืจื™,
09:47
not to manufacture statistically equal outcomes by any means necessary.
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ืœื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.
09:55
So my talk has been focused on America,
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ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ืฉืœื™ ืžืชืžืงื“ืช ื‘ืืจื”โ€œื‘,
09:57
but my message is really for any key decision maker
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช
10:00
at any institution anywhere in the world.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
10:03
If you care about fighting racism, embrace color blindness.
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ืื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื›ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช, ืืžืฆื• ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื.
10:08
Support class-based policies.
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ืชืžื›ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืžืขืžื“.
10:11
Create colorblind processes in your own world.
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ืฆืจื• ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ืœืฆื‘ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื›ื.
10:14
If you're a professor,
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ืื ืืชื ืžืจืฆื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”,
10:16
grade your students' papers blind to their names.
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ืชื ื• ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืœื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืฉืžื.
10:19
Think creatively about how to apply color blindness to your life.
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ืื™ืš ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื›ื.
10:25
Color blindness is the best principle by which to govern a multiracial,
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ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœืคื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœ
10:29
multiethnic democracy.
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ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืžืจื•ื‘ืช ื’ื–ืขื™ื ื•ืžื•ืฆื ืืชื ื™.
10:32
It's the best way to lower the temperature of tribal conflict in the long run.
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ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื ืžื™ืš ืืช ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš.
10:38
And if we wait for the moment when society is ready for it,
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ื•ืื ื ื—ื›ื” ืœืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœื–ื”,
10:42
we'll be waiting forever.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื—ื›ื” ืœื ืฆื—.
10:44
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
10:45
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
10:59
Chris Anderson: Coleman, thank you for this.
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ: ืงื•ืœืžืŸ, ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืš ืขืœ ื–ื”.
11:01
You know, Mellody Hobson came to TED a few years ago,
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืžืœื•ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืกื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœ-TED ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื,
11:05
and she had a very different message for us.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ืžืกืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•.
11:07
She said, be color brave, not colorblind.
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, ืชื”ื™ื• ืืžื™ืฆื™ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืœื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื.
11:10
Her argument was that being colorblind is dangerous
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ื”ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ
11:14
because it's effectively ignoring the problem.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืชืขืœื ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
11:17
What would you want to say to her?
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ืžื” ืชืจืฆื” ืœืขื ื•ืช ืœื”?
11:19
Coleman Hughes: Yeah.
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ืงื•ืœืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื–: ื›ืŸ.
11:21
One thing I would say is, like I said,
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื’ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™,
11:23
color blindness as a philosophy, that is the goal.
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ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื›ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื”, ื–ื• ื”ืžื˜ืจื”.
11:27
That's an idea that comes from the anti-slavery movement, right?
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ื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ืข ืžื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื›ืŸ?
11:30
That's not an example of ignoring the problem.
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ื–ื• ืœื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
11:33
That's an example of having the best philosophy
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ื–ื• ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
11:36
with which to address the problem, in my view.
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ืฉื“ืจื›ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”, ืœื“ืขืชื™.
11:39
CA: But could you argue that that dealt with one part of the problem
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ื›.ื: ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ื—ืœืง ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”
11:42
but in today's world, there are still many situations where it's not enough.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง.
11:46
Take this story of an orchestra, right,
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ืงื— ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช, ื›ืŸ,
11:49
an orchestra, and it's largely white.
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ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืฉื‘ื” ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื ื’ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื.
11:52
And that doesn't feel right.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืฆื•ื“ืง.
11:54
So they institute a policy of color blindness where,
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ืื– ื”ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื,
11:57
you know, there can't be any racial discrimination
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ืฉื‘ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืคืœื™ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ืช
12:00
because new musicians are auditioned behind a screen.
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ื›ื™ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืžืกืš.
12:03
That's colorblind.
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ื–ื” ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื.
12:04
So, so far, so good.
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ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘.
12:05
And maybe that helps.
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ.
12:06
But maybe the actual situation
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืขืฆื
12:09
is that the minority kids in that area
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื
12:12
just don't have access to instruments,
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื›ืœื™ ื ื’ื™ื ื”,
12:15
it's just harder for them ever to get the kind of training and stuff they need.
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ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื™ ืคืขื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื•ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื.
12:18
And the orchestra needs to be taking a lead to bring people through
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ื•ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื
12:22
so that there are people in that orchestra who can inspire the kids
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจืจื• ื”ืฉืจืื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื
12:25
and so forth.
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ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
12:27
CH: Yeah, so I would propose a different --
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ืง.ื”: ื›ืŸ, ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ --
12:29
So if I were leading that orchestra, what I would do is I'd say,
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ืื– ืื™ืœื• ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช, ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ,
12:32
let's continue to audition everyone behind the veil,
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ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื•ื™ืœื•ืŸ,
12:35
be colorblind in that sense,
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ื ื”ื™ื” ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
12:38
and then let's separately invest in the community
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ื•ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ื ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”
12:41
so that we can get kids instruments when they're young
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืกืคืง ื›ืœื™ ื ื’ื™ื ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื
12:44
and then judge them by a colorblind standard
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ื•ืื– ื ืฉืคื•ื˜ ืื•ืชื ืœืคื™ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืœืฆื‘ืข
12:48
when they come to audition.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ.
12:50
See, if you rig it at this level,
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ืชืจืื”, ืื ืืชื” ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื–ื” ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ื–ืืช,
12:52
then you're just changing the bar by which you would measure progress
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ืื– ืืชื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืจืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ื• ืืชื” ืžื•ื“ื“ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช
12:55
to begin with, right?
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ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
12:56
So I think that is a kind of an artificial solution,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืžืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™,
12:59
whereas we want to maintain colorblind standards,
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ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืœืฆื‘ืข,
13:03
but actually address the root causes of the problem.
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
13:06
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
13:09
CA: Coleman, you're an incredibly powerful voice on this issue,
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ื›.ื: ืงื•ืœืžืŸ, ืืชื” ืžืฉืžื™ืข ืงื•ืœ ื—ื–ืง ืžืื“ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•,
13:12
and I really thank you for the courage to come here, make this case.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ื“ื” ืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
13:16
Good luck with the book.
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ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืขื ื”ืกืคืจ.
13:18
CH: Thank you, TED.
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ืง.ื”: ืชื•ื“ื”, TED.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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