Can you solve the human cannonball riddle? - Alex Rosenthal

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2021-11-22 ・ TED-Ed


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Can you solve the human cannonball riddle? - Alex Rosenthal

967,632 views ・ 2021-11-22

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: 은민 졜 κ²€ν† : Hyeryung Kim
00:06
They call you the human cannonball,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 당신을 인간 λŒ€ν¬μ•Œμ΄λΌκ³  λΆ€λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ
00:09
but you’re really more of a pinball person.
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당신은 사싀 ν•€λ³Όμ²˜λŸΌ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:12
Your act involves flying through a dozen rings of fire,
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μˆ˜μ‹­ 개의 뢈 고리λ₯Ό 뚫고 λ‚ μ•„κ°€
00:16
bouncing through a trampoline course,
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νŠΈλž¨νŽ„λ¦° μ½”μŠ€λ₯Ό λ›°λ©΄μ„œ ν†΅κ³Όν•˜κ³ 
00:19
and catching the trapezist in the grand finale.
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λŒ€λ‹¨μ›μ—μ„œ 곡쀑 κ³‘μ˜ˆμ‚¬λ₯Ό μž‘λŠ” μˆœμ„œλ‘œ μ—°κΈ°ν•˜μ£ .
00:23
Your cannon has metal coils that accelerate you to the perfect speed.
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λŒ€ν¬μ— μžˆλŠ” κΈˆμ† 코일은 당신을 μ™„λ²½ν•œ μ†λ„λ‘œ λ‚ κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
At least it’s supposed to.
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적어도 κ·Έλž˜μ•Όλ§Œ ν•˜μ£ .
00:30
Today’s pre-flight test fails dramatically,
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였늘의 μ‹œν—˜ 비행은 μ²˜μ°Έν•˜κ²Œ μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆκ³ 
00:33
and upon inspection, this is a clear act of sabotage:
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원인을 μ•Œμ•„λ³Έ κ²°κ³Ό,
λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ μ „λ ₯을 μ΅œλŒ€λ‘œ λ†’μ—¬ λ°©ν•΄ν•œ 흔적이 λͺ…λ°±ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
someone amped the power up to the max.
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[κ³‘μ˜ˆμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜λŠ” κ΄‘λŒ€, 주연이 되고 싢은 μ‚¬μž 쑰련사, ν‘œλ₯Ό 많이 νŒ”κ³  싢은 단μž₯]
00:41
It’s too late to abort the launch;
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ°œμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ€‘λ‹¨ν•˜κΈ°μ—” λ„ˆλ¬΄ λŠ¦μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
the trapezist will plummet if you don’t catch him in a few minutes.
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λͺ‡ λΆ„ 후에 μž‘μ•„μ£Όμ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λ©΄ κ³‘μ˜ˆμ‚¬λŠ” 좔락할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
So you’d better get fixing.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ μ„œλ‘˜λŸ¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
The cannon was invented by your eccentric mentor,
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λŒ€ν¬λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 괴짜 λ©˜ν† κ°€ 발λͺ…ν–ˆκ³ 
00:53
and as usual, his instructions leave something to be desired.
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늘 κ·Έλž¬λ“― 그의 μ§€μ‹œμ—λŠ” μ•„μ‰¬μš΄ 뢀뢄이 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
The cannon’s electromagnet is powered by energy cells
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λŒ€ν¬μ˜ μ „μžμ„μ€ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ „μ§€λ‘œ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ”λ°
01:02
located in 16 chambers on two levels.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ „μ§€λŠ” 두 측에 μžˆλŠ” 16개의 방에 λ“€μ–΄μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
Each level is a hollowed out square, with three chambers to a side.
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각 측은 쀑앙이 뚫린 μ •μ‚¬κ°ν˜• λͺ¨μ–‘이며 각 μ˜†λ©΄μ— 방이 μ„Έ 개 μ”© μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:11
The acceleration is survivable if:
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적정 μ†λ„λ‘œ λ‚ μ•„κ°€κ²Œ κ°€μ†ν•˜λ €λ©΄
01:13
there are twice as many energy cells in the upper level as in the lower level.
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μœ„μΈ΅μ— μ•„λž˜μΈ΅λ³΄λ‹€ 2λ°° 더 λ§Žμ€ 전지가 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
Every chamber has 1 to 3 energy cells.
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λͺ¨λ“  λ°©μ—λŠ” 전지가 1개, 2개 λ˜λŠ” 3개 λ“€μ–΄μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
And each side of the cannon, made of 6 chambers, has 11 energy cells.
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λŒ€ν¬ μ˜†λ©΄λ§ˆλ‹€ 방은 λͺ¨λ‘ 6개 씩이며
μ „μ§€λŠ” ν•œ 측에 11개 μ”© λ“€μ–΄κ°€μ£ .
01:28
Your mentor designed the cannon to use a certain number of energy cells,
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λ©˜ν† λŠ” λŒ€ν¬κ°€ 일정 수의 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 전지λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ„€κ³„ν–ˆλŠ”λ°,
01:32
but when the shipment arrived, it was 3 short.
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λ°°μ†‘λœ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ „μ§€λŠ” κ·Έ μˆ˜μ—μ„œ 3κ°œκ°€ λΆ€μ‘±ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
So he made all of those conditions work with this reduced number,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” ν•  수 없이 이 λΆ€μ‘±ν•œ 숫자둜 λͺ¨λ“  쑰건을 λ‹€μ‹œ μ„€κ³„ν–ˆκ³ 
01:40
and it fired perfectly.
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λŒ€ν¬λŠ” μ™„λ²½νžˆ λ°œμ‚¬λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
That’s the amount you’ll need.
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이것이 당신이 ν•„μš”ν•œ μ–‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
Too many, or too few, and you and the trapezist are doomed.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žκ±°λ‚˜ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 적으면 λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό κ³‘μ˜ˆμ‚¬μ˜ 곡연은 μ‹€νŒ¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
How many energy cells should you use, and where?
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λͺ‡ 개의 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 전지λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ°°μΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
01:53
Pause here to figure it out yourself. Answer in 3
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ©ˆμΆ”κ³  생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”. 3초 ν›„ μ •λ‹΅ 곡개
01:56
Answer in 2
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2초 ν›„ μ •λ‹΅ 곡개
01:58
Answer in 1
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1초 ν›„ μ •λ‹΅ 곡개
02:01
The first step in this puzzle is to narrow the options.
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이 퍼즐의 첫 λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” 선택지λ₯Ό μ’νžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
Let’s focus on rule 3 in isolation.
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κ·œμΉ™ 3을 λ”°λ‘œ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:08
We could put 11 cells in these two corners and fulfill it with just 22 total cells,
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λͺ¨μ„œλ¦¬ 뢀뢄에 전지λ₯Ό 11개 μ”© λ„£μœΌλ©΄
총 22개의 μ „μ§€λ‘œ μ±„μšΈ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
because adjacent sides share corners.
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μΈμ ‘ν•œ 두 μ˜†λ©΄μ€ μ„œλ‘œ λͺ¨μ„œλ¦¬λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
02:17
But if we put 11 in the middle chambers, we could have 44 cells.
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λ§Œμ•½ 쀑간 방에 11개 μ”© λ„£μœΌλ©΄ μ „μ§€λŠ” 총 44κ°œκ°€ 되죠.
02:22
The answer must be in the range bounded by those extremes.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 정닡은 22와 44 사이에 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
We can use the other rules to refine our options further.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ κ·œμΉ™μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜λ©΄ λ²”μœ„λ₯Ό 더 쒁힐 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
Since there are twice as many cells in the upper level,
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μœ„μΈ΅μ— 두 λ°° 더 λ§Žμ€ 전지가 λ“€μ–΄κ°€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:35
the total cells must be a multiple of 3.
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총 μ „μ§€μ˜ μˆ˜λŠ” 3의 λ°°μˆ˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
Now, because of rule 4,
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이제, κ·œμΉ™ 4에 따라
02:40
we need to find two consecutive multiples of 3 that can meet all the conditions.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  쑰건을 λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜λŠ” μ—°μ†λœ 두 3의 배수λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
Up to this point we haven’t used the rule that each chamber must have 1 to 3 cells.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ 아직 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μžˆλŠ”λ°
각 방에 1κ°œμ—μ„œ 3개의 전지가 λ“€μ–΄κ°„λ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
02:52
It tells us that the minimum for the lower level is 8 cells,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ•„λž˜μΈ΅μ—λŠ” μ΅œμ†Œ 8개의 전지가 λ“€μ–΄κ°€μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
in which case, by rule 1, the upper level would have 16.
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이 경우, κ·œμΉ™ 1에 따라 μœ„μΈ΅μ—λŠ” 16κ°œκ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€κ³ 
03:01
On every side, the lower level would account for 3 of the 11 cells,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ˜†λ©΄μ˜ μ•„λž˜ 측에 전지 11개 쀑 3κ°œκ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ―€λ‘œ
03:06
so the upper would have to have 8.
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μœ„μΈ΅μ—λŠ” 8κ°œκ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€κ² μ£ .
03:09
But if two opposite sides had 8,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜, λ§Œμ•½ λ°˜λŒ€λ˜λŠ” 두 μ˜†λ©΄μ—λ§Œ 8κ°œκ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€κ²Œ 되면
03:11
that would be the upper level’s entire 16, not leaving any for these two chambers.
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μœ„μΈ΅μ˜ 두 μ˜†λ©΄μ—λŠ” 16κ°œκ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€κ³ 
이 두 λ°©μ—λŠ” 아무것도 μ—†κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
So 24 is out.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 24λŠ” νƒˆλ½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
Let’s look at the other extreme.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 끝을 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
03:23
The upper level can have at most 3 times 8, or 24 cells,
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μœ„μΈ΅μ€ μ΅œλŒ€ 3 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 8, 즉 24개의 전지λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ
03:28
which would give a total of 36.
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총 36κ°œκ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
That eliminates 39 and 42.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 39와 42도 νƒˆλ½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
With 36, if we had 3 cells in each chamber,
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36으둜, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 각 방에 3개의 전지λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
03:38
each side of the upper level would already have 9 of its 11 cells,
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μœ„μΈ΅μ˜ 각 μ˜†λ©΄μ—λŠ” 전지 11개 쀑 9κ°œκ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ―€λ‘œ
03:42
meaning we’d have to leave empty chambers on the lower level.
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μ•„λž˜ 측에 빈 방이 μƒκΈ°κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
So 36 is also out.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 36도 νƒˆλ½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:49
What about 33?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 33은 μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
03:50
We know we don’t want any sides with all 3β€²s,
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전지가 λͺ¨λ“  방에 3개 μ”© 있으면 μ•ˆλ˜λ‹ˆ
03:53
so we can place 2β€²s at opposite corners of the upper level.
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μœ„μΈ΅μ˜ λ°˜λŒ€μͺ½ 두 λͺ¨μ„œλ¦¬μ— 2개 μ”© λ°°μΉ˜ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
03:58
Now we have 8 of 11 cells per side.
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이제 ν•œ μ˜†λ©΄μ— 11개 쀑 8개의 전지가 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ
04:01
So we could place exactly 1 cell in each lower chamber...
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μ•„λž˜μΈ΅μ˜ 각 방에 μ •ν™•νžˆ 1개 μ”© λ°°μΉ˜ν•  수 μžˆκ² λ„€μš”.
04:05
but that would fall short of the lower level’s required 11.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„λž˜μΈ΅ μ˜†λ©΄μ—λŠ” 전지가 11개 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
3κ°œλ‘œλŠ” λΆ€μ‘±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
That leaves only two options: 30 and 27,
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이제 30κ³Ό 27, μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 두 가지 선택지가 λ‚¨μ•˜λŠ”λ°
04:13
which must work by process of elimination,
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λŒ€ν¬λŠ” μ›λž˜ 보닀 3개 뢀쑱해도 μž‘λ™ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ„€κ³„λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
04:16
and 27 is the one you should use.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ‘˜ 쀑 남은 μˆ˜λŠ” 27 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
To total 9, the lower level must have seven 1β€²s and one 2.
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μ•„λž˜μΈ΅ 전지 κ°œμˆ˜κ°€ 9κ°€ 되렀면 1이 일곱 개, 2κ°€ ν•œ 개 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
If you put the 2 in a middle chamber, the upper level would have too many cells.
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λ§Œμ•½ κ°€μš΄λ° 방에 2λ₯Ό λ„£μœΌλ©΄, μœ„μΈ΅μ— 전지가 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ•„μ§€κ² μ£ .
04:28
So the 2 has to go into a corner,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ 2λŠ” λͺ¨μ„œλ¦¬μ— κ°€μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ ,
04:31
and you can then place the upper level like this.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μœ„μΈ΅μ— 전지λ₯Ό μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ°°μΉ˜ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
You’ve barely snapped the last energy cell into place
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 전지λ₯Ό 겨우 μ œμžλ¦¬μ— λ„£μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
04:39
when you hear the ringleader announcing your act.
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단μž₯이 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 곡연을 μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
You’re pretty sure you’ve also noticed enough clues to solve the mystery.
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사건을 ν•΄κ²°ν•  λ‹¨μ„œλŠ” 이제 μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ 찾은 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
Who sabotaged you?
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당신을 λ°©ν•΄ν•œ 범인은 λˆ„κ΅¬μΌκΉŒμš”?
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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