Should we get rid of standardized testing? - Arlo Kempf

1,187,789 views ใƒป 2017-09-19

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: B. Kay Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:09
The first standardized tests that we know of
0
9061
3101
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์€
00:12
were administered in China over 2,000 years ago
1
12162
4180
2000๋…„ ์ „ ์ค‘๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ–‰ํ•ด์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ,
00:16
during the Han dynasty.
2
16342
1881
ํ•œ๋‚˜๋ผ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Chinese officials used them to determine aptitude for various government posts.
3
18223
5260
ํ•œ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์„ฑ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
The subject matter included philosophy,
4
23483
2089
๊ณผ๋ชฉ์€ ์ฒ ํ•™,
00:25
farming,
5
25572
1065
๋†์—…,
00:26
and even military tactics.
6
26637
2326
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ „๋žต ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Standardized tests continued to be used around the world for the next two millennia,
7
28963
4827
์ดํ›„ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ 2000๋…„ ์—ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
00:33
and today, they're used for everything
8
33790
2092
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
00:35
from evaluating stair climbs for firefighters in France
9
35882
3956
ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์˜ ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€์› ๊ณ„๋‹จ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
00:39
to language examinations for diplomats in Canada
10
39838
3485
์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์˜ ์™ธ๊ต๊ด€ ์–ดํ•™์‹œํ—˜๊ณผ
00:43
to students in schools.
11
43323
2591
ํ•™๊ต์˜ ํ•™์ƒ์—๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
Some standardized tests measure scores
12
45914
2110
์–ด๋–ค ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์€
00:48
only in relation to the results of other test takers.
13
48024
3760
์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‘์‹œ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
Others measure performances on how well test takers meet predetermined criteria.
14
51784
5671
๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ์‘์‹œ์ž์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ง€๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
So the stair climb for the firefighter
15
57455
2258
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๊ด€์˜ ๊ณ„๋‹จ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋Š”
00:59
could be measured by comparing the time of the climb
16
59713
2881
๊ณ„๋‹จ์„ ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„
01:02
to that of all other firefighters.
17
62594
3010
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๊ด€์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
This might be expressed in what many call a bell curve.
18
65604
3839
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ข…ํ˜•๊ณก์„ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
Or it could be evaluated with reference to set criteria,
19
69443
3971
๋˜๋Š” ์„ค์ •๋œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:13
such as carrying a certain amount of weight a certain distance
20
73414
3590
์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋กœ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ,
01:17
up a certain number of stairs.
21
77004
2920
ํŠน์ • ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ณ„๋‹จ์„ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Similarly, the diplomat might be measured against other test-taking diplomats,
22
79924
4778
๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ์™ธ๊ต๊ด€์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์™ธ๊ต๊ด€์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
01:24
or against a set of fixed criteria,
23
84702
2443
ํ˜น์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:27
which demonstrate different levels of language proficiency.
24
87145
3909
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
And all of these results can be expressed using something called a percentile.
25
91054
4731
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œ„ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
If a diplomat is in the 70th percentile, 70% of test takers scored below her.
26
95785
5989
๋งŒ์•ฝ ํ•œ ์™ธ๊ต๊ด€์ด 70๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œ„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
์‘์‹œ์ž์˜ 70%๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
If she scored in the 30th percentile, 70% of test takers scored above her.
27
101774
5561
๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ 30๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œ„๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
70%์˜ ์‘์‹œ์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
Although standardized tests are sometimes controversial,
28
107335
3411
ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์ด ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋…ผ๋ž€์ด ๋˜๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
01:50
they're simply a tool.
29
110746
1779
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
As a thought experiment, think of a standardized test as a ruler.
30
112525
4171
์‚ฌ๊ณ ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ, ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:56
A ruler's usefulness depends on two things.
31
116696
2699
์ž์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
First, the job we ask it to do.
32
119395
2762
์ฒซ์งธ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Our ruler can't measure the temperature outside
33
122157
2829
์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:04
or how loud someone is singing.
34
124986
2460
์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
Second, the ruler's usefulness depends on its design.
35
127446
3419
๋‘˜์งธ, ์ž์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ์€ ์„ค๊ณ„์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
Say you need to measure the circumference of an orange.
36
130865
3281
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜ค๋ Œ์ง€์˜ ๋‘˜๋ ˆ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:14
Our ruler measures length, which is the right quantity,
37
134146
3251
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
02:17
but it hasn't been designed with the flexibility required for the task at hand.
38
137397
4841
์ด ์ž‘์—…์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์€ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
So, if standardized tests are given the wrong job,
39
142238
3128
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ž˜๋ชป ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:25
or aren't designed properly,
40
145366
1871
์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:27
they may end up measuring the wrong things.
41
147237
4390
์—‰๋šฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
In the case of schools,
42
151627
1280
ํ•™๊ต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:32
students with test anxiety may have trouble performing their best
43
152907
3771
์‹œํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ์—
02:36
on a standardized test,
44
156678
1730
์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
not because they don't know the answers,
45
158408
1708
์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
02:40
but because they're feeling too nervous to share what they've learned.
46
160116
3619
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธด์žฅํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Students with reading challenges
47
163735
1683
๋…ํ•ด๋ ฅ์ด ์•ฝํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
02:45
may struggle with the wording of a math problem,
48
165418
2660
์ˆ˜ํ•™๋ฌธ์ œ ์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์”จ๋ฆ„ ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
02:48
so their test results may better reflect their literacy
49
168078
2800
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ˆ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด
02:50
rather than numeracy skills.
50
170878
2640
๋” ์ขŒ์šฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
And students who were confused by examples
51
173518
2060
๋˜ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€
02:55
on tests that contain unfamiliar cultural references
52
175578
3590
๋ฌธํ™”์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ œ๋กœ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ๊ฒช์œผ๋ฉด
02:59
may do poorly,
53
179168
1449
์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:00
telling us more about the test taker's cultural familiarity
54
180617
2792
์ด๋Š” ์‘์‹œ์ž์˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์„ฑ์ทจ ๋ณด๋‹ค
03:03
than their academic learning.
55
183409
2289
๋ฌธํ™”์  ์นœ์ˆ™๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
In these cases, the tests may need to be designed differently.
56
185698
5392
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ƒ‰๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Standardized tests can also have a hard time
57
191090
2329
ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์€ ๋˜ํ•œ
03:13
measuring abstract characteristics or skills,
58
193419
3219
์ถ”์ƒ์  ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:16
such as creativity, critical thinking, and collaboration.
59
196638
4020
์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด, ์ฐฝ์˜๋ ฅ, ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜‘๋™์„ฑ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
If we design a test poorly,
60
200658
1720
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋นˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:22
or ask it to do the wrong job,
61
202378
1922
์ž˜ ๋ชป๋œ ๊ณณ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:24
or a job it's not very good at,
62
204300
2253
ํ˜น์€ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์ผ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
03:26
the results may not be reliable or valid.
63
206553
3296
๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
Reliability and validity are two critical ideas
64
209849
3090
์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€
03:32
for understanding standardized tests.
65
212939
2680
ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
To understand the difference between them,
66
215619
1681
์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:37
we can use the metaphor of two broken thermometers.
67
217300
3089
๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚œ ์˜จ๋„๊ณ„ ๋น„์œ ๋ฅผ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
An unreliable thermometer
68
220389
1900
์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์˜จ๋„๊ณ„๋Š”
03:42
gives you a different reading each time you take your temperature,
69
222289
3253
์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์žด ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
and the reliable but invalid thermometer is consistently ten degrees too hot.
70
225542
5649
์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์˜จ๋„๊ณ„๋Š” ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•ญ์ƒ 10๋„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
Validity also depends on accurate interpretations of results.
71
231191
4269
ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํ•ด์„์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
If people say results of a test mean something they don't,
72
235460
3311
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:58
that test may have a validity problem.
73
238771
3163
๊ทธ ์‹œํ—˜์€ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋ด‰์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
Just as we wouldn't expect a ruler to tell us how much an elephant weighs,
74
241934
4508
๋งˆ์น˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋กœ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:06
or what it had for breakfast,
75
246442
1860
์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์นจ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด,
04:08
we can't expect standardized tests alone to reliably tell us how smart someone is,
76
248302
5879
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ์ง€
04:14
how diplomats will handle a tough situation,
77
254181
2142
์™ธ๊ต๊ด€์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ• ์ง€
04:16
or how brave a firefighter might turn out to be.
78
256323
4299
๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๊ด€์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์šฉ๊ฐํ• ์ง€ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
So standardized tests may help us learn a little about a lot of people
79
260622
4790
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์‹œํ—˜์€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
04:25
in a short time,
80
265412
1150
์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์šธ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
04:26
but they usually can't tell us a lot about a single person.
81
266562
4451
๋ณดํ†ต ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Many social scientists worry about test scores resulting in sweeping
82
271013
4719
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹œํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‘์‹œ์ž๋“ค์„ ํ”๋“ค๊ณ 
04:35
and often negative changes for test takers,
83
275732
3114
์ข…์ข… ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ,
04:38
sometimes with long-term life consequences.
84
278846
3542
๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ผํ‰์ƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
We can't blame the tests, though.
85
282388
2001
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํƒ“ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
It's up to us to use the right tests for the right jobs,
86
284389
3790
์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ผ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
04:48
and to interpret results appropriately.
87
288179
2884
๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7