A host of heroes - April Gudenrath

264,426 views ・ 2013-04-29

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

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Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar
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"I need a hero!"
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So many people in distress have said this,
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but why?
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What kind of hero do we need
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and do we even really even need a hero at all?
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Well, if you look at any piece of literature
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written for page,
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script,
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or stage,
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the answer is yes!
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But, heroes come in all shapes and sizes,
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depending on what needs to be dealt with.
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First, you have your epic heroes.
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Epic heroes usually come from a famous family,
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have super-human strength,
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are unusually good-looking.
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They take on challenges that no one else will
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and succeed.
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They have great journeys and adventures,
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some supernatural
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and some, right here on Earth.
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Beowulf does all of this.
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He travels across the sea with his band of warriors
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to help another king defeat a supernatural monster
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that has been terrorizing his kingdom.
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He defeats the monster
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and the monster's mother
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in an epic battle,
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and then goes back home
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and becomes king himself.
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In his old age, he has one more monster to face,
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one more threat that he must keep from his people,
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a dragon.
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Now, being an epic hero,
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of course he wins,
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but he is also human,
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and so he also dies.
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But he leaves behind stories
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to inspire others even today.
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Next, we have our tragic heroes.
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Tragic heroes are usually leaders or powerful characters,
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but the tragic hero is also majorly flawed
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and that flaw usually leads him down the path
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to a horrible and tragic death.
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Take the story of Oedipus the King, for example.
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One day, a young man travels to a town called Thebes.
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On the way, he kills a man
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for not yielding to him on the road
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in the first documented case of road rage.
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He also defeats a magical creature
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and is rewarded by becoming the King of Thebes,
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and thus, marrying their queen.
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Well, that's not so tragic, right?
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Wrong!
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The queen he just married is actually his birth mother!
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Oedipus was supposed to have been killed
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as a child by a servant,
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but instead he was given to another family.
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Oh, and the man he killed on the road,
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the previous King of Thebes
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and his dad.
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So he killed his father and married his mother.
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Now that is quite tragic.
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Not tragic enough for you?
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Try this one.
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Romeo Montague is a guy born into a wealthy family
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and finds the love of his life at a party, Juliet.
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But, Juliet is from a different family
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that just so happens to hate his family.
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Instead of being patient
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and working through the family feud,
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Romeo decides he must have his love now,
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and his impatience leads to bloodshed and death,
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including his own and Juliet's.
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Moving on to romantic heroes.
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Now these guys might sound like
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they might have a better love life and chance at happiness,
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but that's not always the case.
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These heroes are emotional
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and very human.
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But there is something magical about them.
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Some have a miraculous birth
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and then are separated from their family.
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Others use enchanted swords
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or get help from magical beans.
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They could also reject the expectations of society
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and adhere to their own code of morality.
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And in the end,
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the hero triumphs over evil in an idyllic way,
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but at great personal, emotional sacrifice.
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King Arthur is a good example of a romantic hero.
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Sure, he became king and married the love of his life,
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but he was also killed by his son,
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who was born out of wedlock,
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and had his wife cheat on him with his best friend.
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So, although he, too, like Beowulf, was a great king,
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he suffered much more
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for the greater purpose of society,
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which makes him more human and relatable to us all.
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There are different heroes for different situations.
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Sometimes we need the strong warrior
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to slay the evils of the world.
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At other times,
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we need a common person who becomes great
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so that they can inspire us all to be better.
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So do we need heroes?
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Absolutely!
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No matter what the time or place,
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we still need something to believe in.
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They remind us of the good in each of us,
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and the need for hope
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and the importance of knowledge.
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