in which, on which, at which, to which, from which | Learn English Grammar

Hello, students. Welcome to Daily English Homework. 

哈喽，同学们。欢迎来到每日英语作业。

Let's take a look at the homework. It says fix my five sentences. 

我们来看看作业吧。它说修正我的五个句子。

I have five sentences here. What's the problem? 

我这里有五句话。有什么问题？

They're missing a word. What word are they missing? 

他们漏掉了一个字。他们缺少什么词？

They're missing a preposition. 

他们缺少一个介词。

All right, and you can see the preposition  will come before ‘which’ in each sentence. 

好吧，你可以看到每个句子中介词都会出现在“which”之前。

So you have to fix the prepositional  phrase using ‘which’ in each sentence. 

所以你必须在每个句子中使用“which”来修复介词短语。

This sentence or these sentences are  in the description below this video. 

这句话或这些句子在该视频下面的描述中。

You copy them, you put in the prepositions,  post it in a new comment, I will check it. 

你复制它们，输入介词，将其发布在新评论中，我会检查它。

All right that's your homework and some… some  of you are thinking, Robin, how do I know  

好吧，这是你的作业，有些人……有些人在想，罗宾，我怎么知道

which preposition to put before ‘which’? Well that's what this lesson is about. 

在“哪个”之前放哪个介词？嗯，这就是本课的内容。

I’m going to teach you uh the basics. I’m not going to go into an advanced level. 

我将教你呃基础知识。我不会进入高级水平。

We're just going to keep it as basic because  it's a little new a little tricky grammar here. 

我们只是将其保留为基础，因为这里的语法有点新，有点棘手。

So I’m just going to go slow and  look at look at it at a basic level. 

所以我会慢慢地从基本层面来看待它。

So that's your homework and I am  going to help you out a little more. 

这就是你的作业，我会为你提供更多帮助。

These are the prepositions  you need for your homework. 

这些是你的家庭作业所需的介词。

at, in, from, to, of. Now, the order here, and the order here,  

在，在，从，到，的。现在，这里的顺序和这里的顺序

it's different, so you've got to figure  out which… which one of these will have at,  

是不同的，所以你必须弄清楚其中哪一个……哪一个将在、

in, from, to, of all. Right, so I’m helping  

在、从、到、全部。是的，所以我

you out with the homework a lot. So it should not be too difficult  

经常帮你做作业。 所以 做这个作业 应该不会太难

to do this homework but you will  learn a lot by doing this homework. 

，但是通过做这个作业你会学到很多东西。

All right, let's get into the lesson. Now the prepositional phrases using ‘which’  

好啦，我们进入课程吧。现在使用“which”的介词短语

is… I get a lot of questions from students about  this and so that's why I’m making this video. 

是……我从学生那里收到了很多关于这个的问题，所以这就是我制作这个视频的原因。

Someone requests… a few  people requested this video  

有人请求……有几个人请求这个视频

so I will try to make it as clear as possible  

，所以我会尽力让它尽可能清楚

but again this is just a basic, basic video. We're not going to go too much into it. 

，但这只是一个基本的、基本的视频。我们不会对此做太多讨论。

So what it says here, you need to  know prepositions and collocation. 

所以这里说的，你需要知道介词和搭配。

There are many other prepositions that can be  paired with which, under, during, about, over,  

还有很多其他介词可以与which、under、individual、about、over

etc., so going back here, I gave for the homework. I gave common prepositions. 

等配对，所以回到这里，我给了作业。我给出了常见的介词。

I think everyone knows these  prepositions at, in, from, to, of. 

我想每个人都知道这些介词at、in、from、to、of。

That's why I chose kind of easier  prepositions for the homework. 

这就是为什么我为作业选择了一些更简单的介词。

But keep in mind, that we can make ‘under which’,  ‘during which’, ‘about which’, ‘over which’. 

但请记住，我们可以制作“在哪个之下”、“在哪个期间”、“关于哪个”、“在哪个之上”。

There's a lot of prepositions we can use before  ‘which’, so it helps to know prepositions. 

我们可以在“which”之前使用很多介词，因此了解介词很有帮助。

If you don't know many prepositions,  you're going to have a difficult time  

如果你不知道很多介词，你会很难

using this sentence structure. But again, I think  everyone is familiar with these prepositions. 

使用这个句子结构。但同样，我想每个人都熟悉这些介词。

The other issue is collocation. Collocation - this is where we get paired. 

另一个问题是搭配。搭配——这是我们配对的地方。

Collocation means we have a word  that often goes with another word. 

搭配意味着我们有一个词经常与另一个词搭配。

So they're often paired. They go together. 

所以他们经常成对出现。他们一起去。

So for example, in English, native  speakers will say, “I wash the dishes.” 

例如，在英语中，母语人士会说：“我洗碗。”

So ‘wash dishes’ are often  paired. That's collocation. 

所以“洗碗”常常是配对的。这就是搭配。

Native speakers, …I I can say, “I clean the  dishes,” that makes grammatical… grammatical sense  

母语人士，……我可以说，“我洗碗”，这在语法上……有语法意义，

but native speakers usually don't  say ‘clean the dishes’, we usually  

但母语人士通常不会说“洗碗”，我们通常

say ‘wash the dishes’. That's collocation. 

说“洗碗”。这就是搭配。

So you want to sound like a  native speaker use collocation. 

所以你想让听起来像母语人士一样使用搭配。

So with the with the sentences, we're going to  talk about in a moment, I’m going to show you  

因此，对于句子，我们稍后将讨论，我将向您展示

examples. Collocation is very important. You have to know, oh,  

示例。搭配非常重要。你必须知道，哦，

which preposition goes with this word. And let's take a look at the first sentence. 

这个词跟哪个介词搭配。让我们看一下第一句话。

So I have a sentence here. Let's take a look. 

所以我这里有一句话。让我们来看看。

We were in a dire situation. I have ‘dire’ here. 

我们的处境非常严峻。我这里有“可怕”。

I’m just going to quickly explain that dire means. very very very bad situation. 

我只是要快速解释一下这个可怕的手段。情况非常非常非常糟糕。

We were in a very bad situation.  = We were in a dire situation. 

我们的处境非常糟糕。 = 我们的处境很糟糕。

And if you look at the… the purple  part now, this is the collocation. 

如果你现在看……紫色的部分，这就是搭配。

I know when I’m talking about a good situation  or a bad situation I know we're always going to  

我知道当我谈论好的情况或坏的情况时，我知道我们总是会

use this preposition ‘in’. You're “in a situation.” 

使用这个介词“in”。你“处于一种情况”。

You're not “on a situation.” You're not “at a situation.” 

你没有“处于困境中”。你没有“处于某种情况”。

I know it's always going to be in a situation. So with that knowledge, I can create this  

我知道总会有这样的情况。因此，有了这些知识，我可以创建这个

sentence which means the same thing but  we're using our uh prepositional phrase with  

意思相同的句子，但我们使用介词短语“

which, so I know the situation in  which we found ourselves was dire. 

which”，所以我知道我们发现自己的情况非常可怕。

All right so I know this preposition will be  ‘in’ because… because of the word situation.

好吧，所以我知道这个介词将是“in”，因为……因为“情况”这个词。

Yes, yes, that's how we make the sentence. That's you have to know this collocation to  

是的，是的，我们就是这样造句的。也就是说你必须知道这个搭配才能

know that this preposition is ‘in’. Let's look at the next one. 

知道这个介词是“in”。我们看下一篇。

He spoke of politics that day. So speak, past tense, spoke. 

那天他谈到了政治。所以说，过去式，说话。

Spoke of a topic. This topic is politics. 

说到一个话题。这个话题是政治。

Now there are two prepositions we could use,  ‘spoke of’ and the other one is ‘spoke about’. 

现在我们可以使用两个介词，“spoke of”，另一个是“spoke about”。

You speak about a topic so there's two. I chose ‘of’. Why? Because it's my video  

你谈论一个话题，所以有两个话题。我选择了“的”。为什么？因为这是我的视频

and you have to follow the… the… the  prepositions I want to work with. 

，你必须遵循我想要使用的介词。

He spoke of politics that day. So I know when we have a topic,  

那天他谈到了政治。所以我知道当我们有一个话题时，

we're going to ‘speak of’. I know the preposition is ‘of’. 

我们就会“谈论”。我知道介词是“of”。

So when I’m creating the ‘which’ sentence here,  the topic of which he spoke was politics, so I  

因此，当我在这里创建“哪个”句子时，他所说的主题是政治，所以我

know right away it's ‘of’. Can I say, “The topic  

立即知道它是“的”。 我可以说：“

about which he spoke was politics? Yes, you can. 

他讲的 话题 是政治吗？ 是的你可以。

There's two prepositions when you have a  topic so I could say the topic of which,  

当你有一个主题时，有两个介词，所以我可以说哪个主题，

I could say the topic about which. Both are okay.

我可以说关于哪个主题。两个都还好。

Where do you speak? Again, ‘speak’, past tense, spoke. 

你在哪里说话？再说一遍，“说”，过去时，说话。

I spoke at a noisy party. Okay now it's no longer a  

我在一个喧闹的聚会上讲话。好吧，现在这不再是一个

topic, uh, we're focusing on the location. Where did you speak at a noisy party and  

话题了，呃，我们关注的是地点。你在喧闹的聚会上在哪里说话，

I know in English when we're talking about a  location, we always use the preposition ‘at’. 

我知道用英语当我们谈论一个地点时，我们总是使用介词“at”。

Sometimes we use ‘in’ for inside a building but  or inside a classroom but in this case most…  

有时我们用“in”表示建筑物内部或教室内部，但在这种情况下，大多数……

most locations are gonna be ‘in’. I’m losing my voice so I spoke at 

大多数位置都会是“in”。我失去了声音，所以我

I spoke at a convention I spoke at a school. I spoke at um  

在学校的一次大会上发言。 我在 会议或类似的场合 发表过讲话

the conference or something like that. So I spoke at a noisy party. 

。 所以我在一个喧闹的聚会上发表了讲话。

So I know that that preposition is going to go  with the location so the party at which I spoke  

所以我知道这个介词与地点相匹配，所以我演讲的聚会

was noisy. I know it's going to be ‘at’. 

很​​吵。我知道它会是“在”。

We drove to a town 50 kilometers away. drove to drive, past tense, drove. 

我们驱车前往50公里外的一个小镇。开车 开车，过去式，开车。

You go to you, move to you,  travel to you, drive to. 

你去你那里，搬到你那里，旅行到你那里，开车去你那里。

I know it's the preposition ‘to’. We drove to a town 50 kilometers away. 

我知道这是介词“to”。我们驱车前往50公里外的一个小镇。

The town to which we drove was 50 kilometers away. I know it's gonna be ‘to’ because we ‘drive to’. 

我们开车去的小镇距离我们有50公里。我知道它会是“到”，因为我们“开车去”。

And the last example here. A little more difficult. 

最后一个例子在这里。有点困难。

We broke free from the tight chains. So you gotta imagine chains or rope  

我们挣脱了紧紧的锁链。所以你必须想象链条或绳子

tying you together. And you're trapped. 

将你们绑在一起。而你被困住了。

And then in English, we say you break free the  tight chains, um, so I know that… that's the com  

然后在英语中，我们说你挣脱了紧锁链，嗯，所以我知道……这就是介词

the preposition here is going to be ‘from’. We break free from. 

“来自”的 com。我们挣脱。

Uh, you, we could break maybe I’m working  a nine to five job and I’m very sad,  

呃，你，我们可以打破也许我正在做朝九晚五的工作，我很伤心，

I can break free from that lifestyle, but it's  always ‘break free from’, so I know it's ‘from’. 

我可以摆脱那种生活方式，但它总是“摆脱”，所以我知道它是“摆脱”。

So the chains from which  we broke free we're tight.

所以我们挣脱的锁链是紧紧的。

All right. So  

好的。所以

I’m going to talk about commas now. Here, I like commas you know from other videos. 

我现在要谈谈逗号。在这里，我喜欢你从其他视频中知道的逗号。

So normally I… I… I like to put  commas here and here because ‘the  

所以通常我…我…我喜欢在这里和这里加上逗号，因为“情况

situation was dire’ is the main sentence. And we're adding some extra information  

很糟糕”是主要句子。我们添加了一些额外的信息

but with uh phrasal or prepositional  phrases using which no commas. 

，但使用了呃短语或介词短语，其中没有逗号。

That's the rule. We don't put commas if you have ‘in which’. 

这就是规则。如果您有“其中”，我们不会添加逗号。

No commas. I prefer commas, but the rule  

没有逗号。我更喜欢逗号，但规则

is no commas so I’m going to teach the rule. I’m going to follow the rule - no commas. 

是没有逗号的，所以我要教这个规则。我将遵守规则 - 没有逗号。

If we have, uh, sentences using just  ‘which’, we're going to use commas,  

如果我们有，呃，句子只使用“which”，我们将使用逗号，

but this video is not talking about just  ‘which’, we're talking about preposition which  

但这个视频不只是谈论“which”，我们谈论的是介词这些

these prepositional phrases - no commas. So each sentence here, I did not put a comma. 

介词短语 - 没有逗号。所以这里的每句话，我都没有加逗号。

And you might be thinking, well you know I  understand this sentence Robin and this sentence  

你可能会想，你知道我理解罗宾这句话，这句话

is a little bit difficult for me to make myself. I understand that as I told you earlier  

对我来说有点困难。我知道，正如我之前告诉过你的，

this is a basic video so the  homework is a little bit easier. 

这是一个基本视频，因此作业会更容易一些。

All you have to do with this  homework is add the prepositions. 

你所要做的就是添加介词。

So you got to think about what's  happening, add the prepositions here, and  

所以你必须考虑一下发生了什么，在这里添加介词，然后

post it in the comments below, and I’ll check it. All right that's the homework. 

将其发布在下面的评论中，我会检查它。好吧，这就是作业。

Good luck and I’ll see you in the next video. And until then, uh, please do your homework.

祝你好运，我们将在下一个视频中见到你。在那之前，呃，请做好你的作业。