How to Talk About Illness and Medicine in English

Hi, I’m Oli.

嗨，我是Oli。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn how to talk about illness, medicine and healthcare in

在本課程裡，您會學習怎樣用英文 談論疾病、藥物和

English.

醫療健保。

You’ll learn how to deal with a visit to the doctor’s office, how to talk about different

您會學習怎樣看醫生， 怎樣談論不同的

healthcare systems, how to talk about going to hospital, and more.

醫療健保系統，如何談論 去醫院等。

First, don’t forget to check out our website: Oxford Online English dot com.

首先，不要忘記看我們的網站： Oxford Online English dot com.

You can study English with our free lessons, including videos, listening lessons, and quizzes.

您可以用我們的免費課程學習英文， 包括影片、聽力課和測驗。

If you’re looking for online English classes, you can choose from one of our many professional

如果您正在尋找線上英文課程， 您可以在我們眾多的專業

teachers.

老師裡選一位。

Take a look: Oxford Online English dot com.

看一下：Oxford Online English dot com.

Let’s start by looking at language you can use if you need to see a doctor.

我們先看一下如果需要看醫生， 您可以用到的表達方式。

So, what can I do for you today?

那麼，今天我能為您做什麼？

Well, I’ve been having these headaches, just behind my eyes.

好吧，我一直頭痛， 就在我眼睛後面的部位。

How long have you been having them?

這樣有多久了？

For about a week now.

到現在大約有一個星期了。

They aren’t constant—they come and go, but they’re really painful.

不是一直都痛，時有，時無， 但真的很痛。

Do you have a fever?

您有發燒嗎？

No, I don’t think so.

沒有，我想應該沒有。

Any respiratory symptoms?

有呼吸道症狀嗎？

How do you mean?

您是什麼意思？

For example, do you have a blocked nose, a sore throat, a cough, or anything like that?

例如，您的鼻子是否有點塞、 喉嚨痛、咳嗽或類似的？

No, nothing like that.

不，沒有任何那樣的症狀。

Is this the first time you’ve had a problem like this?

這是您第一次遇到 像這樣的問題嗎？

As far as I can remember, yeah.

在我的記憶中，是的。

OK, please sit on the bed over here.

好，請坐在這的床上。

I need to check your pulse and blood pressure.

我要量一下您的脈搏和血壓。

I’ll also need to check your lymph nodes to see if they’re swollen.

我還要檢查一下您的淋巴， 看看有腫了嗎。

In the dialogue, the doctor asked many questions.

在對話裡，醫生問了很多問題。

Can you remember any?

您還記得嗎？

Typically, the doctor will ask about your symptoms, your medical history, and about

通常，醫生會詢問您的症狀、 您的病史以及有關

medication which you’re taking.

您正在服用的藥物。

To ask about your symptoms, the doctor might ask ‘Do you have a fever?’

要詢問您的症狀，醫生可能 會問“您發燒了嗎？”

‘Do you have a cough?’

“您咳嗽嗎？”

‘Do you have a sore throat?’

“您咽喉痛嗎？”

The doctor might ask more questions about a specific symptom.

醫生可能會問更多有關 一種特定症狀的問題。

For example: ‘How long have you been feeling like this?’

例如：“您覺得像這樣多久了？'

‘Is this the first time you’ve had a problem like this?’

“這是您第一次遇到這樣的問題嗎？”

‘How severe is the pain?’

“疼痛有多嚴重？”

If you’re describing your symptoms, it’s common to use the present perfect tense, especially

如果您要描述自己的症狀，通常 用現在完成時態，特別是

for a problem that appears repeatedly.

對一個反復出現的問題。

For example: ‘I’ve been having really bad headaches.’

例如：“I’ve been having really bad headaches.”

‘I’ve been having some stomach problems.’

“I’ve been having some stomach problems.”

‘I’ve been having a lot of problems getting to sleep.’

“I’ve been having a lot of problems getting to sleep.”

You could also add a time period, as in: ‘I’ve had this cough for a week now.’

您還可以添加一個時間段，例如： “I’ve had this cough for a week now.”

To describe more stable symptoms, use the present simple tense.

要描述比較穩定的症狀，請用 一般現在時態。

For example: ‘I have a swelling in my right knee.’

例如：“I have a swelling in my right knee'

‘I have this rash on my arm.’

“I have this rash on my arm.”

After you describe your symptoms, the doctor might do some basic checks on you.

您描述症狀之後，醫生 可能會給您做一些基本檢查。

For example, he or she might want to take your pulse check your blood pressure

舉例來說，醫生想量 您的脈搏和血壓

or listen to your heartbeat or breathing using a stethoscope.

或用聽診器聽您的心跳和呼吸。

Next, the doctor will suggest further treatment, and possibly prescribe medicine for you to

接下來，醫生會建議做進一步的治療， 並可能開藥給您

take.

服用。

Are you taking any medication currently?

您目前正在服用任何藥物嗎？

No, nothing.

沒有。

Any allergies?

有過敏嗎？

No.

沒有。

I’m going to prescribe you some painkillers.

我要給您開一些止痛藥。

Take one as soon as you feel your headaches starting.

頭開始痛時即刻服用。

If you’re still in pain after an hour, take a second one.

如果一個小時後您仍然感到疼痛，請服用 第二粒。

Don’t take more than two pills in four hours, or more than six pills in a 24-hour period.

在四個小時內不要服用超過兩粒， 或在24小時內不要服用超過六粒。

OK…

好…

Also, don’t drink alcohol or take any other anti-inflammatories while you’re taking

在您服藥時，不要喝酒或 服用任何其他

these.

消炎藥物。

Can’t you do some more tests?

您不能再做一些測試嗎？

What if it’s something more serious?

如果情況更嚴重怎麼辦？

If you’re still having the same problem in two weeks, then we’ll need to investigate

兩周後，如果您仍然有相同問題， 我們需要進一步

further.

檢查。

These things often clear up by themselves.

這些症狀通常會自己消除。

You should also make sure you get enough sleep, stay hydrated, and avoid stress if possible.

您還應確保您的睡眠充足、 攝取足夠水分，並盡可能避免壓力。

Do I have to pay for the prescription?

我要支付處方費嗎？

You pay a seven-pound prescription fee.

您需要支付七英鎊的處方費。

I’m giving you enough pills to last four weeks, so you should have enough.

我給您足夠四周的藥， 所以您的藥應該夠了。

Can I take it to any chemist’s?

我可以去任何的藥劑師那拿藥嗎？

Yes, of course.

當然。

There’s a pharmacy in the supermarket around the corner.

街角附近的超市有一家藥房。

You could get your medicine there.

您可以在那拿藥。

OK, I’ll do that.

好的，我會的。

Thank you.

謝謝。

Doctors can prescribe you medicine or other treatments.

醫生可以給您開藥或做其他治療。

They do this by writing what you need on a piece of paper—a prescription.

他們在一張紙上寫 — 一個處方， 他們這樣做。

‘Prescribe’ is the verb, and ‘prescription’ is the noun.

“ Prescribe”是動詞，“ prescription” 是名詞。

You can also use the noun ‘prescription’ to refer to the medicine which a doctor prescribes

您還可以用名詞“prescription” 來指醫生給您

for you.

開的藥。

For example, you could say: ‘The doctor prescribed antihistamines, but they didn’t

例如，您可以說：“The doctor prescribed antihistamines, but they didn’t

help.’

help.“

‘I lost my prescription, so I’ll have to call the doctor and see if she can send

”I lost my prescription, so I’ll have to call the doctor and see if she can send

me a replacement.’

me a replacement.“

Antihistamines are often taken by people who have allergies.

抗組織胺藥通常是有過敏的人服用。

In the dialogue, do you remember what kind of medicine the doctor prescribed?

在對話裡，您還記得醫生 開了哪種藥嗎？

She prescribed painkillers.

她開了止痛藥。

Common painkillers are paracetamol and ibuprofen.

常見的止痛藥是乙醯胺酚和布洛芬。

Painkillers may also be anti-inflammatories—they reduce fever and swelling.

止痛藥也可能是消炎藥，他們 可以退燒和消腫。

After you have your prescription, you can collect your medicine from a pharmacy—also

您有了您的處方之後，您可以 到藥店拿藥——

called a chemist’s in UK English, although both words are used.

在英國英文裡也稱為藥劑師， 這兩個詞都有使用。

The doctor or pharmacist might also give you advice on how to take your medicine.

醫生或藥劑師可能還會給您 有關如何服藥的建議。

For example: ‘Take one pill every twelve hours.’

例如：“Take one pill every twelve hours.“

‘Make sure you take the pills with food.’

“Make sure you take the pills with food.”

‘Avoid alcohol while you’re taking these, or they might not be as effective.’

”Avoid alcohol while you’re taking these, or they might not be as effective.”

Finally, the doctor might also give you some more general advice.

最後，醫生可能還會給您一些 更一般的建議。

In the dialogue, the doctor mentioned three things.

在對話裡，醫生提到了三件事。

Do you remember them?

您記得嗎？

I said ‘You should also make sure you get enough sleep, stay hydrated, and avoid

我說：“You should also make sure you get enough sleep, stay hydrated, and avoid

stress if possible.’

stress if possible.“

Last question for this section: what happens if you don’t stay hydrated?

本節的最後一個問題：如果您沒有 攝取足夠水分，會怎樣？

If you don’t stay hydrated by drinking enough fluids, you’ll get dehydrated.

如果您沒有喝足夠的液體來攝取 水分，您會脫水。

Next, let’s look at language to use if you aren’t sure where to go or how to get medical

接下來，我們看下，如果您不確定 去哪裡或怎樣得到醫療幫助，

help.

您要用怎樣的表達方式。

So, weird question, but what do I do if I need to see a doctor?

那麼，奇怪的問題，但是如果我要 看醫生，我要怎麼樣做？

I’ve never been to hospital or anything here, and I have no idea how it works.

在這，我從沒去過醫院或任何類似 地方，我不知道要怎樣做。

You have insurance?

您有保險嗎？

No.

沒有。

No?

沒有？

Anyway, what’s wrong with you?

好吧，您怎麼了？

Nothing much.

沒什麼嚴重的。

I have this swelling in my wrist, and it’s a little uncomfortable to move it.

我的手腕腫了， 動一下就有點不舒服。

I’d just like to get it checked out.

我只想檢查看是什麼問題。

Well, you could go to a public hospital.

好吧，您可以去公立醫院。

I think as a resident you’re entitled to free public healthcare, but even if you have

我認為作為一個居民，您有權享受 免費的公共醫療服務，但是

to pay, it won’t be much.

即便您要付費，那不會很多。

You might have to wait for a long time, though.

不過，您可能要等待很長時間。

You mean, you have to wait to see a doctor?

您的意思是，您必須等待看醫生？

Yes, that too, but I meant that after you see a doctor, it might be a long time before

是的，那也一樣，但我的意思是在您 去看醫生之後，在您得到任何

you get any treatment.

治療之前，可能要花很長時間。

From what I hear, the public health system is really overstretched at the moment, and

據我了解，公共健保系統 此刻確實過度緊張，並且

people have to wait weeks or months for treatment.

人們必須等待數周或數月 才能接受治療。

So, you have private health insurance?

那麼，您有私人健康保險嗎？

Yeah, most people do.

是的，大多數人都這樣做。

You could also go to a private clinic, or just go to a GP and let him or her refer you

您也可以去私人診所，或者只是去看 GP，如果您需要進一步的治療，

to the right specialist if you need further treatment.

請他或她給您推薦合適的專家。

Would that be very expensive?

那會很貴嗎？

A GP appointment normally costs about 40 or 50 Euros.

一個GP預約的費用通常約為40或 50歐元。

For further treatment, it depends what you need, obviously.

很明顯，進一步的治療 會取決於您的需要。

Of course, if you’re uninsured, it’ll be more expensive, but it’s not likely to

當然，如果您沒有保險， 會更貴，但不可能會

be ridiculous.

太離譜。

Maybe I’ll do that, then.

那麼，也許我會去看下。

I’d prefer to get it looked at sooner.

我想早一點看下。

Can you recommend anyone?

有任何人您能推薦給我嗎？

I can give you the details for my GP.

我可以提供您我的GP的詳細資訊。

There’s also a website I can show you where you can find a doctor closer to where you

還有一個網站，我可以告訴您是 哪一個，如果您願意，您可以

live, if you like.

在您住的地方附近找到醫生。

That sounds great.

這聽起來不錯。

Thanks.

謝謝。

In your country, if you need to see a doctor, what do you do first?

在您的國家，如果您需要看醫生， 您首先要做什麼？

Can you go directly to a hospital, or do you need to go to a GP or smaller clinic first?

您可以直接去醫院嗎？或需要先去 GP或更小的診所嗎？

Let’s take the UK as an example.

我們以英國為例。

Most people in the UK use public healthcare, which is almost completely free.

英國的大多數人都使用公共醫療 健保，這幾乎完全是免費的。

Some people choose to buy private insurance, which can give you more choice about where

有些人選擇購買私人保險，那可以 給您在去哪裡或什麼時候

and when you get treatment.

您會得到治療上得到更多選擇。

If you’re using public healthcare, you’ll generally register with a GP.

如果您使用的是公共醫療健保， 您通常向GP註冊。

‘GP’ stands for ‘general practitioner’, meaning a doctor who doesn’t specialise

“ GP”代表“general practitioner”， 意思是不專攻某一個

in one area.

領域的醫生。

GPs mostly work in small clinics, not in hospitals.

GP醫生們通常在小型診所工作， 而不是在醫院工作。

If you have a problem, you’ll go to your GP first.

如果您有任何問題，您會先去GP。

Your GP will then help you to arrange further treatment if you need it.

如果您要做進一步的治療， 您的GP會幫您安排。

For example, your GP might refer you to a specialist if you need more targeted treatment.

例如，如果您需要針對治療， 您的GP可能會引薦您給專家。

In other countries, most people have healthcare insurance.

在其他國家，大多數人都有 醫療健保保險。

In some places, healthcare can be very expensive if you’re uninsured.

在某些地方，如果您沒有保險， 醫療健保可能會很昂貴。

What about in your country?

您的國家呢？

Look at three questions:

看三個問題：

One: do most people use public healthcare, or is it more usual to buy private health

問一：大多數人使用公共醫療嗎？ 還是購買私人醫療

insurance?

保險更普遍？

Two: is public healthcare high-quality and reliable?

問二：公共醫療健保是高質量和 可靠的嗎？

Why or why not?

為什麼是或不是？

Three: are all residents entitled to free public healthcare, or are there restrictions?

問三：是否所有居民都有權享受免費 公共醫療健保，還是有限制？

Could you answer these questions?

您能回答這些問題嗎？

Try it!

試一下！

Say an answer out loud, or write it down.

大聲唸出答案，或寫下來。

Or, do both!

或者，兩者都做！

Remember that you might need to repeat and practise your answer several times, so that

請記住，您可能需要重複 練習幾次答案，這樣

it is fluent and clear.

可以說得流利並清晰。

Did you do it?

您做了嗎？

If so, feel free to share your answers with other learners in the comments.

如果做了，請您隨時在留言板裡和 其他學習者分享您做的答案。

Let’s move on.

我們看下一個單元。

What happens if you have a more serious health issue, and you need to stay in hospital?

如果你有嚴重的身體健康問題， 您會怎樣，您要住院嗎？

Have you heard about what happened to Louis?

您有聽說路易斯發生什麼事情了嗎？

No, what?

沒有哦，什麼事？

He went to the doctor’s for a routine check-up, and they discovered he had a major cardiac

他去醫生那做例行檢查， 他們發現他的心臟有

problem.

大問題。

They sent him to A&E right away; they wouldn’t let him go home even for an hour.

他們馬上送他到A&E ；他們不讓他 回家，甚至一個小時也不行。

Then, he had surgery the same day.

然後，他在同一天做了手術。

No way!

怎麼可能！

I saw him on Tuesday.

我星期二還見過他。

He looked absolutely fine.

他看起來絕對可以。

Yeah, I was shocked, too.

是的，我也感到震驚。

Anyway, we should go and see him, don’t you think?

無論怎樣，我們應該去探視他， 您不這樣想嗎？

He would probably appreciate some company.

他可能會喜歡一些人陪伴他。

Sure…

當然…

How long are they keeping him in?

他們讓他待多久？

From what I heard, they want to monitor him for a few days, and then he can go home.

據我所知，他們想觀察他幾天， 然後他就可以回家了。

So, when can we go?

那麼，我們什麼時候可以去？

Do they have set visiting hours?

他們有設定探視時間嗎？

Yeah, it’s in the afternoon some time.

是的，是在下午時段。

I can check on their website.

我可以在他們的網站上查看一下。

Let me check with his wife, too, because I’m sure she’ll be spending time there, and

我也要和他的妻子確認一下，因為我 確信她會花時間在那陪他，並且

I think there’s a two-visitor maximum.

我想最多可以有兩個訪客。

I hope he’s alright.

我希望他没事。

I’ve never had an operation or had to stay overnight in hospital, but I imagine it’s

我從沒做過手術或不得不留在 醫院過夜，但我想像是

fairly miserable.

相當慘。

Yup, you’re not wrong.

是的，您說得沒錯。

Hopefully he’ll be discharged soon.

希望他早日出院。

We should take him some fruit or something nice to eat.

我們應該給他帶些水果或好吃的東西。

Can we do that?

我們可以那樣做嗎？

I think so, but I’ll check to be sure.

我也這樣想，但我會確認一下。

Look at a sentence from the dialogue: ‘They sent him to A&E right away.’

看對話裡的一句話：“They sent him to A&E right away.”

Do you know what ‘A&E’ means?

您知道“ A＆E”是什麼意思？

A&E stands for ‘accident and emergency’.

A＆E代表“accident and emergency”。

It’s the hospital department where you go if you have a serious medical issue.

這是如果您有嚴重的醫療問題時 您要去的醫院部門。

In American English it’s commonly called ‘ER’—‘emergency room’.

在美式英文裡，通常稱為 “ER”—“emergency room”。

Let’s look at four more sentences from the dialogue.

我們再看對話裡的四個句子。

In each sentence, there’s a word missing.

每個句子都缺少一個單字。

Can you remember the missing words?

您能記得遺漏的單字嗎？

If not, you can also go back and review the dialogue to find them, if you want!

如果不記得了，如果有必要，您可以 回頭複習對話來找到他們！

Did you find the missing words?

您找到遺漏的單字了嗎？

Let’s look.

我們看看吧。

‘How long are they keeping him in?’

“How long are they keeping him in?”

means ‘How long will he have to stay in hospital?’

意思是“How long will he have to stay inhospital?“

‘They’ here refers to the hospital staff.

“They”是指醫院工作人員。

Hospitals have visiting hours, when you can go and spend time with your friends and relatives

醫院有探視時間，您可以去那和 在那住院的您的

who are staying there.

親朋好友共渡時光。

Even if you need to go to hospital, you might be an outpatient, meaning that you go to hospital,

如果您要去醫院，也可能成為門診 病人outpatient，意思是您去醫院，

do what you need, and then go home again.

做了您要做的，然後再回家。

The opposite is ‘inpatient’, meaning that you need to stay overnight.

反義字是“inpatient”，意思是 您需要過夜。

When you’re ready to leave hospital and go home, they discharge you.

當您準備離開醫院回家時， 他們會給您辦出院。

You can discharge yourself earlier, but your doctors might try to persuade you to stay

您可以提早自己辦出院，但是您的 醫生可能會說服您留下來

longer.

更久一點。

Now, let’s look at our final section: recovering from a health problem.

現在，我們看看最後一個單元： 康復。

So, how are you feeling?

那麼，您感覺怎樣？

Quite fragile, to be honest.

老實說，很虛弱。

I mean, I feel better than I did, but it’s a long process.

我的意思是，我感覺比之前好一點了， 但是是一個漫長的過程。

Well, that’s to be expected.

好吧，這是意料之中的。

You had a major operation.

您做了一個大手術。

How long do they say it’ll take to recover?

他們說康復需要多久時間？

They don’t give exact answers to things like that.

他們沒有給出像那樣的確切答案。

I guess every case is different, but they said I should be back to normal in around

我想每個病例是不同的，但是他們 說我應該在三個月內

three months.

康復如常。

Three months?!

三個月？！

Obviously I won’t be like this for three months, or at least I hope not.

顯然我不會像這樣要三個月， 或者至少我希望沒有。

I get tired so easily right now.

我現在很容易累。

They told me I should get some strength back in a couple of weeks.

他們告訴我在幾個星期內 我會恢復力量。

Do you have to go back in for any more tests?

您是否需要回來進行更多的檢查？

I have to go tomorrow to get the incision cleaned and dressed.

我明天要去做切口清洗和處理。

It’s a big wound, so that’ll take a while to heal just by itself.

這是一個很大的傷口，所以 自行愈合需要一段時間。

Apart from that, I think I have to go back in a month or so for an ECG.

除此之外，我想我必須在大約一個月內回去 或是為了做ECG。

Maybe there’s more, but I’m not focusing on that right now.

也許更多，但我現在沒有關注那個。

One day at a time!

只想現在！

Do you need any help with anything?

您需要任何幫助嗎？

Please ask if you do.

如果您想要，就請問。

I’d love to help if I can.

如果我可以的話，我很樂意提供幫助。

That’s kind of you!

您真好！

If you want, you could take me for a walk.

如果您願意，可以帶我去散步。

I’m not supposed to go outside by myself, but it’s nice to get some fresh air.

我不應該一個人走出去，但是呼吸 新鮮空氣真是太好了。

I start going crazy if I’m just stuck in bed or at home all day.

如果我整天躺在床上或陷在 家裡，我會開始發瘋。

Sure, how about tomorrow?

當然，明天怎麼樣？

That would be great!

那太好了！

Come by any time.

隨時來。

Let’s look at some language you heard in the dialogue.

我們看看您在對話裡聽到的某些表達方式。

Do you remember how this language was used?

您還記得這種表達方式如何用嗎？

Could you explain what these sentences mean?

您能解釋這些句子的意思嗎？

Remember, you can pause the video to think, or go back and review the dialogue if you

請記住，您可以暫停影片考慮一下， 或回頭複習對話，如果您

need to.

需要的話。

‘Fragile’ is similar to weak.

“Fragile”類似很弱的意思。

It’s often used to describe things which break easily, like china plates or things

通常用於描述容易破裂的東西， 例如瓷盤或者

made of glass.

由玻璃製成的東西。

If you’re feeling fragile, you feel weak and ill.

如果您感到虛弱，就會感到沒體力 和生病了。

If you’re recovering from a serious illness or an operation, you’ll need to get your

如果您正從大病或手術後康復， 您需要

strength back.

恢復體力。

You also heard the phrase ‘get back to normal’.

您還聽到了“get back to normal”這一片語。

For example: ‘It’ll take a few weeks to get back to normal.’

例如：“It’ll take a few weeks to get back to normal.”

A wound is an opening or a cut in your skin.

傷口是皮膚上的開口或切口。

If you have an operation, the surgeon will need to make an opening in your skin, which

如果您做了一個手術，外科醫師 會需要在您的皮膚上開口，

needs to heal afterwards.

那之後需要愈合。

Finally, ‘one day at a time’ is a phrase which means you focus on the present, rather

最後，“one day at a time”是一個片語 這意味著您專注於現在，

than thinking about the future.

而不是考慮未來。

You can use it when you’re dealing with a difficult or complex situation.

您在面對困難或複雜的 情況時，可以使用它。

You can also use the longer phrase ‘take things one day at a time.’

您也可以使用較長的片語“ take things one day at a time.“

For example: ‘Everything’s so busy right now.

例如：“Everything’s so busy right now.

I can’t make plans for next year.

I can’t make plans for next year.

I’m just taking things one day at a time.’

I’m just taking things one day at a time.’

Of course, we hope you don’t need the language you’ve seen in this lesson.

當然，我們希望您不要用到您在 本課程裡看到的表達方式。

But, we still hope it was useful for you.

但是，我們仍然希望它是有用的。

Thanks for watching!

感謝觀看！

See you next time!

下次見！