Sentence Stress in English Pronunciation

英语发音的句子重读

Hi, I’m Kae.

嗨，我是Kae。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

欢迎来到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn about sentence stress in English.

在本节课里，您可以学到英语的 句子重读。

Stress is very important for your English pronunciation.

重读对您的英语发音是很重要的。

There are many different types of stress in English, and stress is used in many different

英语里有很多不同类型的 重读，重读的使用

ways.

方法很多。

But wait a minute, what is stress?

但是，稍等一分钟，重读是什么？

Stress means that you pronounce some syllables more strongly than others.

重读意思是您念一些音节时比 其他的要念得更重。

‘More strongly’ means you pronounce these syllables more loudly, more clearly, and more

“念得更重” 意思是您要更大声、 更清晰并更慢地念这些

slowly.

音节的音。

Pronouncing sentence stress correctly will make a big difference to your English pronunciation.

正确地念句子的重读会让您的 英语发音有很大的差别。

You’ll immediately sound clearer and more natural when you speak English.

在您讲英语时，您立刻会听起来 更清晰、更自然。

Let’s start by looking at sentence stress in more detail.

我们从看一个句子重读的更多细节开始。

Look at a sentence:

看一个句子：

How about we go for a coffee this afternoon?

How about we go for a coffee this afternoon?

In this sentence, there are two kinds of words; let’s call them content words and grammar

在这个句子里，有两种单词； 我们称它们为实词

words.

和虚词。

Content words give you the meaning of the sentence.

实词给您句子的意思。

The content words here are go, coffee, this and afternoon.

在这里，实词是go、coffee、this 和afternoon。

If you don’t hear these words, you won’t understand the sentence.

如果您没有听到这些单词， 您不会理解句子。

Grammar words don’t carry meaning.

虚词不带有意思。

They’re grammatically necessary; they connect the content words together.

它们是语法的需要；它们把 实词连在一起。

Think about it this way: if someone comes up to you and says, “Go coffee this afternoon?”

用这个方式考虑它：如果某人走进您 并说， “Go coffee this afternoon?”

you can understand what they mean, even if it sounds a bit weird.

您可以理解他们是什么意思，即使 那听起来有点奇怪。

So, why are we talking about this?

所以，为什么我们谈论这个？

Aren’t we supposed to be talking about sentence stress?

我们不是应该要谈论句子的重读吗？

The difference between content words and grammar words is the foundation of sentence stress.

实词与虚词之间的区别是句子 重读的基础。

Content words are usually stressed, and grammar words are usually unstressed.

实词通常是重读的，而虚词 通常是不重读的。

Listen and try to hear the stress: how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

聆听并试着听出重读： how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

Listen again: how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

再听一遍： how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

Can you read the sentence with the stress?

您可以用重读来读句子吗？

Repeat after me: how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

跟着我重复： how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

Do it one more time: how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

再多做一次： how about we GO for a COFFEE THIS AFTERNOON?

Let’s look at one more example sentence:

我们来再看一个例句。

My phone’s broken, so I’m going to buy a new one.

My phone’s broken, so I’m going to buy a new one.

Which words do you think are content words, and which words are grammar words?

您认为哪一个单词是实词， 哪一个是虚词？

Before you answer, you should know one important point.

在您回答之前，您应当知道一个重点。

Sentence stress is flexible, and the line between content words and grammar words isn’t

句子重读是灵活的，实词和虚词 之间的线不是固定的，所以，我们告诉

fixed, so the answers we show you are just the most probable ones; there are other possibilities.

您的回答只是最有可能的一个； 有其他的可能性。

So, think about your sentence, and which words you think are content words or grammar words.

所以，想想您的句子，您认为哪一个 单词是实词或是虚词。

Pause the video if you want more thinking time!

如果您想要更多的思考时间， 暂停视屏！

Ready?

准备好了吗？

Here’s our suggestion.

这里是我们的建议。

Again, think about it like this: if you hear the content words, you can understand the

同样，像这样想想：如果您听到 实词，您可以理解句子的

meaning of the sentence: “phone broken, going buy new one.”

意思： “phone broken, going buy new one.”

If you hear only the grammar words, it doesn’t make any sense at all: “my so I’m to a.”

如果您仅仅听到句子的虚词，那根本 没有任何意义： “my so I’m to a.”

By the way, this idea can also really help your English listening.

顺便说一下，这个概念也真正地 帮助您的英语听力。

You can see that you don’t need to hear every word to understand the meaning of a

您可以看到您不需要听出每一个 单词来理解一个句子

sentence.

的意思。

If you focus on listening to the stressed words, you can understand someone’s meaning,

如果您关注在听出重读的单词， 即便您没有听出不重读的

even if you don’t hear the unstressed grammar words.

虚词，您也能理解某人的意思。

Anyway, let’s practice this sentence.

好吧，我们来练习这个句子。

Can you say the sentence with the stress?

您可以用重读来念句子吗？

Repeat after me: my PHONE’S BROKEN, so i’m GOING to BUY a NEW ONE.

跟着我重复：my PHONE’S BROKEN, so i’m GOING to BUY a NEW ONE.

Try once more: my PHONE’S BROKEN, so i’m GOING to BUY a NEW ONE.

再来一遍： my PHONE’S BROKEN, so i’m GOING to BUY a NEW ONE.

Okay, now you know the basics about sentence stress.

好，现在您知道关于句子重读的 基本知识了。

Let’s see what you can do!

我们看看您可以做什么。

Look at three sentences:

看三个句子：

Could you get some bread from the bakery on your way here?

Could you get some bread from the bakery on your way here?

I heard that the weather’s going to be bad tomorrow.

I heard that the weather’s going to be bad tomorrow.

He has no idea what he wants to do after he graduates.

He has no idea what he wants to do after he graduates.

So, first of all, pause the video, and find the stressed words in these three sentences.

那么，首先，暂停视屏，找出这三个 句子里的重读单词。

Take as much time as you need, and start again when you’re ready.

用您需要用的时间，当您 准备好了，再开始。

Okay?

好了吗？

Let’s look at our suggested answers.

我们看看我们建议的答案。

Remember that other answers are possible:

记住其他的答案是有可能的：

Next, let’s try reading the sentences together.

接下来，我们试着一起来念句子。

Repeat after me, and pay attention to the stress: could you GET some BREAD from the

跟着我重复，注意重读： could you GET some BREAD from the

BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

Try it once more: could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

再试一次：could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

Let’s do the next one: i HEARD that the WEATHER’S going to be BAD TOMORROW.

我们做下一个： i HEARD that the WEATHER’S going to be BAD TOMORROW.

One more time: i HEARD that the WEATHER’S going to be BAD TOMORROW.

再一次： i HEARD that the WEATHER’S going to be BAD TOMORROW.

Let’s try the third sentence: he has NO IDEA WHAT he WANTS to DO AFTER he GRADUATES.

我们试第三个句子： he has NO IDEA WHAT he WANTS to DO AFTER he GRADUATES.

Again: he has NO IDEA WHAT he WANTS to DO AFTER he GRADUATES.

再一次： he has NO IDEA WHAT he WANTS to DO AFTER he GRADUATES.

How was that?

那怎样？

Easy?

容易吗？

Difficult?

难？

Remember that you can go back and review this section as many times as you need to.

记住您可以随时按您的需要 回头复习这个单元。

You can also adjust the video speed to make it easier or more difficult.

您也可以调整视屏的速度来 让念它更容易或更难。

For example, if you find it difficult, watch this section again at point seven five or

例如，如果您觉得它难，再用0.75 或0.7的速率来看

point five speed.

这个单元。

Practice at a lower speed until you can pronounce the stress easily.

用低速来练习它，直到您可以 轻松地念重读。

Then, try again at full speed!

然后，再试一下全速。

Now, to pronounce sentence stress well, you also need to pay attention to the unstressed

现在，要念好句子重读，您也 需要注意句子里不

words in a sentence.

重读的单词。

Why is this?

这是为什么？

Here’s a very important point about sentence stress, or any stress.

这里是与句子重读或不重读有关的 一个非常重要的重点。

Stress is about contrast.

重读是对比的。

You heard before that stress means pronouncing some syllables more loudly, more clearly,

您之前听到重读意味着与其他的 相比，要更大声、更清晰并

and more slowly than others.

更慢地念一些音节。

That means that stress is relative.

那意味着重读是相对的。

To pronounce stress clearly, you need a clear contrast between your stressed and unstressed

要清晰地念重读，您需要在您的 重读音节和不重读音节之间

syllables.

有一个清晰的对比。

So, when you’re practicing sentence stress, you should pay equal attention to the unstressed

所以，当您在练习句子重读时， 您应当同等地留意

words.

不重读的单词。

Let’s look at an example, using a sentence you saw before:

我们来看一个例子，使用您之前 看到的一个句子：

could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

You need to pronounce the stressed words more strongly, and you need to pronounce the unstressed

您需要更重地念重读的单词，您 需要用较低的音量以及一个

words at a lower volume and a higher speed.

更快的速度来念不重读的单词。

Often, unstressed words have a weak pronunciation.

通常，不重读的单词有一个弱发音。

Knowing how to pronounce weak forms is also important if you want to pronounce sentence

如果您想清晰地念句子的 重读，知道怎么念弱音

stress clearly.

也是重要的。

Let’s try something.

我们再练习一些。

Read the sentence.

读句子。

Make the stressed words as clear as possible.

尽可能让重读的单词更清晰。

Exaggerate the stress a little bit.

夸张一点念重读的单词。

Pronounce the unstressed words as fast as you can.

尽可能快地念不重读的单词。

Try to get a really clear contrast between the stressed and unstressed words.

试着获得重读和不重读单词之间 真正清晰的对比。

Listen first: could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

先听：could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

Now you try: could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

现在您试一下：could you GET some BREAD from the BAKERY on your WAY HERE?

Let’s do one more example, with a new sentence.

我们用新句子再做一个例子。

Look at the sentence:

看句子：

i HAVEN’T HEARD ANYTHING from them SINCE their WEDDING.

i HAVEN’T HEARD ANYTHING from them SINCE their WEDDING.

Try reading the sentence.

试着读句子。

Again, focus on the contrast between stressed and unstressed syllalbles: i HAVEN’T HEARD

同样，关注在重读和不重读音节 之间的对比：i HAVEN’T HEARD

ANYTHING from them SINCE their WEDDING.

ANYTHING from them SINCE their WEDDING.

It’s worth spending some time practicing this contrast: if you can pronounce the contrast

花些时间练习这个对比是值得的： 如果您可以清晰地念出重读

between stressed and unstressed sounds clearly, your English will sound much better and more

和不重读声音之间的对比， 您的英语会听起来更好

natural.

和更自然。

We were exaggerating the contrast slightly, so that you could hear it clearly.

我们稍微夸大了对比，这样您 能清楚地听出它。

It’s fine to do this while you’re practicing!

在您练习时做这个是不错的！

You can go back and review this section, or review the previous section and focus on contrast

您可以回头复习这个单元，或者 复习之前的单元，关注

in your pronunciation.

您的发音里面的对比。

What’s next?

接下来呢？

Well, you heard before that sentence stress is flexible.

好，我们之前听到句子重读是灵活的。

Let’s talk more about that!

我们来谈论那个。

Hello, what can I get you?

Hello, what can I get you?

One chocolate and raspberry muffin and a small americano with milk, please.

One chocolate and raspberry muffin and a small americano with milk, please.

Sorry, you said a CHOCOLATE and raspberry muffin?

Sorry, you said a CHOCOLATE and raspberry muffin?

That’s right!

That’s right!

Here you are!

Here you are!

I said a chocolate RASPBERRY muffin.

I said a chocolate RASPBERRY muffin.

Oh, I am sorry!

Oh, I am sorry!

I thought you said chocolate and STRAWBERRY.

I thought you said chocolate and STRAWBERRY.

Also, is there milk in this coffee?

Also, is there milk in this coffee?

Did you want MILK?

Did you want MILK?

I thought you said an americano with SUGAR!

I thought you said an americano with SUGAR!

No, with MILK!

No, with MILK!

I’ll make you a new one.

I’ll make you a new one.

One cappuccino with milk coming up.

One cappuccino with milk coming up.

No, not CAPPUCINO!

No, not CAPPUCINO!

AMERICANO!

AMERICANO!

Right, right, just a minute.

Right, right, just a minute.

Sentence stress is flexible.

句子重读是灵活的。

It doesn’t follow strict rules; instead, it depends on the meaning you want to express.

它不追随严格的规则，取代的是， 它取决于您想要表达的意思。

Sometimes, one idea in your sentence is more important than others.

有时，您的句子里的一个想法比 其他的要更重要。

You’ll add extra stress to this idea.

您会添加额外的重读给这个想法。

Why does this happen?

为什么这样？

One reason is to contradict or correct someone.

一个理由是反驳某人或纠正某人。

For example:

例如：

Buenos Aires is the capital of China.

Buenos Aires is the capital of China.

No, Mikey.

No, Mikey.

Buenos Aires is the capital of ARGENTINA.

Buenos Aires is the capital of ARGENTINA.

BEIJING is the capital of China.

BEIJING is the capital of China.

Two plus two is five.

Two plus two is five.

No, Mikey.

No, Mikey.

Two plus two is FOUR.

Two plus two is FOUR.

Carrots are green.

Carrots are green.

No, Mikey.

No, Mikey.

Carrots are ORANGE.

Carrots are ORANGE.

Another reason to add extra stress is that you want to contrast two ideas.

另一个添加额外的重读的理由是 您想对比两个想法。

For example:

例如：

i didn’t want CAPPUCINO; i wanted an AMERICANO.

i didn’t want CAPPUCINO; i wanted an AMERICANO.

she doesn’t live in PARIS; she lives in ROME.

she doesn’t live in PARIS; she lives in ROME.

the flight left at TEN? but i thought it left at TWELVE!

the flight left at TEN? but i thought it left at TWELVE!

Finally, you might add extra stress just to emphasise one idea in your sentence, like

最后，您可能添加额外的重读只是 要强调您句子里的一个想法，

this:

像是这个：

ARE you going to london tomorrow?

ARE you going to london tomorrow?

--> Meaning: I’m emphasising the question, because I want a yes or no answer from you.

--> 意思是：我强调问题，因为我想从 您那里得到一个YES 或者NO的答案。

are YOU going to london tomorrow?

are YOU going to london tomorrow?

--> Meaning: I know some other people are going to London, but I want to know if you

--> 意思是：我知道其他人会去 伦敦，但是，我想知道

are going.

您是否会去。

This stress pattern is often used to show surprise.

这个重读结构通常用于表达吃惊。

are you going to london TOMORROW?

are you going to london TOMORROW?

--> Meaning: I know you’re going to London on another day, but I want to know specifically

--> 意思是：我知道您某天会要去 伦敦，但是，我特别想知道

about tomorrow.

是不是明天。

Again, this suggests that I’m surprised.

同样，这表明我是吃惊的。

In all of these cases, you add extra stress to one word in the sentence.

在所有这些事例里，您在句子里 给一个单词添加额外的重读。

This doesn’t replace ‘regular’ sentence stress.

这不会取代“规则的”句子重读。

Instead, it’s like an extra layer on top of it.

取代的是，它看上去像是在它的 上面额外的一层。

In the question Are you going to London tomorrow, the content words going, London and tomorrow

在问题“ Are you going to London tomorrow” 里，实词going、London和tomorrow

are stressed.

是重读的。

If you want to add stress to emphasise one idea, then you add this on top of the existing

如果您想添加重读来强调一个 想法，那么，您在现有重读的

stress.

上层添加这个。

For example:

例如：

are YOU going to london tomorrow?

are YOU going to london tomorrow?

In this case, you add ‘regular’ sentence stress to going, London and tomorrow, and

在这个事例里，您给going、London 和tomorrow添加“规则的”句子重读，

‘extra’ sentence stress to you.

并给you添加“额外的”句子重读。

The ‘extra’ stress should be stronger than the ‘regular’ stress.

“额外的”重读应当比“规则的 ”重读要更强。

Try it!

试一下！

Repeat after me: are YOU going to london tomorrow?

跟着我重复：are YOU going to london tomorrow?

Try one more time: are YOU going to london tomorrow?

再试一次：are YOU going to london tomorrow?

Note that this ‘extra’ stress can be anywhere, including on grammar words.

注意这个“额外的”重读可以在任何 地方，包括在虚词。

So now, you know the most important points about sentence stress in English.

所以，现在，您知道英语句子重读 最重要的重点了。

Here’s a question: what do you think you need to focus on most in your English pronunciation?

这里是一个问题：您觉得在您的英语 发音里最需要关注的是什么？

What would make the biggest difference for you?

对您来说，最大的区别应当是什么？

Let us know in the comments.

在评论栏里告诉我们。

If you give us a good idea, we might make a video about your suggestion!

如果您给我们一个好观点，我们也许会 制作一个与您的建议有关的视屏。

Did you know that we offer online English classes which can help you to improve your

您知道我们提供能帮助您提高 您的英语发音的线上

English pronunciation?

英语课程吗？

Check out our website for details: Oxford Online English dot com.

更多细节，查看我们的网站： Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！

See you next time!

下次见！