Talking About Crime and Court in English - Spoken English Lesson

英语口语 — 犯罪与法庭

Hi, I’m Gina. Welcome to Oxford Online English!  

还，我是Gina。欢迎来到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn to talk about crime  in English. You’ll learn vocabulary you can use  

在本节课中，您能学到用英语来谈论犯罪。 您会学到用来谈论犯罪、

to talk about crime, criminals  and the justice system in English.

罪犯和司法系统的英语词汇。

Before we begin, check out our website: Oxford  Online English dot com. Do you want to see a  

我们开始之前，看下我们的网站： Oxford  Online English dot com. 您想看

range of video and listening lessons to improve  your English, all 100% free? We have that!  

100%免费的更广范围的视频和听课程 来提高您的英语吗？我们有！

Do you want to take online classes  with a professional teacher?  

您想上一位专业老师的  在线课程吗？

We can do that, too! Oxford  Online English dot com.

我们也有！ Oxford Online English dot com.

Let’s start with part one, where you’ll hear a  conversation about being a victim of a crime. 

让我们开始第一部分，您会听到一个关于 成为一个犯罪的受害者的对话。

How was your trip?

您的旅程怎样？

My trip was good… But my house  was burgled while I was gone.

我的旅程还好… 但是在我旅行 时，我的家被盗了。

Oh no!

啊，不!

Yeah… I came back to find the back window  broken, and everything was messed up inside.

是的… 我回来发现窗户破了， 里面一团乱。

I’m so sorry to hear that.  Do you know when it happened?

我很遗憾听到这个。 您知道什么时候发生的吗？

Not exactly. Apparently there have been  several break-ins in the area recently, though.

不确定。显然，该地区最近有 几次入侵。

Did they take much stuff?

他们拿走很多东西吗？

Some electronics, a laptop, a few other  small things. It’s all replaceable,  

一些电器、一部手提电脑、一些其他的 小东西。 都是可以替换的。

but it’s still not a good feeling.

但是那感觉仍不是很好。

I’m sure. Still, maybe the police will  catch them and you’ll get it back.

我确信，也许警察会抓住 他们，您会拿回他们。

Maybe, but I doubt it. They  came and dusted for prints,  

也许，但是我怀疑这个。他们 来了，并撒粉取了痕迹，

but they said that there was almost  no chance of recovering my things.

但是，他们说几乎没机会 找回我的东西。

Really?

真的吗？

They say that stolen goods tend to be moved  out of the city and sold somewhere else,  

他们说被偷的东西往往会被转移 到城外，在某些地方被卖掉。

so they’re very difficult to trace. The  detective told me that there’s a whole  

所以他们很难去追踪。侦探告诉我 有一个完整的遍布

network of fences around the country,  and they move stolen items between them.

全国的赃物网络，被盗的物品 在网络之间转移。

Sounds like big business.

听上去像是一个大生意。

Look at a sentence you heard  at the start of the dialogue. 

看看您在对话开头听到的 一个句子。

Do you remember the missing word? The word was ‘burgled’, from the verb ‘to burgle’.

您记得遗漏的单词吗？单词是 “burgled”，来自动词“to burgle”。

With crime vocabulary, you often  need to learn words in threes. 

在犯罪词汇里，您需要学习 单词的三种形式。

Do you know the noun forms? Here they are. 

您知道名词形式吗？ 在这里他们是。

You need to know one noun for the person,  one noun for the activity, and the verb.

您需要知道一个表述人的名词、一个 表述活动的名词以及动词。

Sometimes, some of the forms might be the  same. For example: murder, murderer, murder.

有时，这些形式中的一些也许相同。 例如，murder, murderer, murder。

Sometimes, one of the forms might be a completely  different word, like this: steal, thief, stealing. 

有时，其中的一个也许完全不同，像 这个：steal, thief, stealing。

Keep this in mind when learning crime vocabulary.

要带着这种想法去学犯罪词汇。

Let’s look at some other useful  vocabulary from the dialogue. 

让我们看看对话里其他有用的词汇。

Here’s a task for you: look at the definitions.  Can you match the words to the definitions?

您在这有一个任务：看看定义。 您能把单词与定义匹配吗？

Pause the video and find your answers. Could you do it? Let’s look! 

暂停视屏并找到您的答案。 您可以做吗？我们来看看！

‘Break-in’ and ‘burglary’ have a similar meaning;  you could use either word in this sentence. 

“Break-in”和“burglary”有一个相同的意思；您可以 在这个句子里用任何一个单词。

‘Fence’ is a colloquial word,  but it’s useful sometimes  

“Fence”是一个俗语， 但有时是有用的。

as there’s no single word with the same meaning.

因为没有单个单词有相同的意思。

Let’s move on to part two. Don’t forget that  you can always review a dialogue or a section  

让我们进入第二部分。不要忘了 当您需要您总是可以复习一个

as many times as you need.

对话或一个部分很多次。

That was fun!

那是有趣的！

Yes, we should do it again some time.

是的，我们有时必须再重复一次。

By the way, how are you getting home?

随便说一下，您怎样回到家的？

I’ll walk through the park,  and then get the bus, I think.

我会步行穿过公园，然后 搭上公车，我想。

Maybe get a taxi instead? My colleague  was mugged near here last week.

也许换搭出租车？我的同事 上周在这附近被抢劫了。

Really? I didn’t think there  was much street crime here.

真的！我没有想到这有很多街道犯罪。

No, me neither, but it’s better to be careful.  

没有，我也没有，但是最好是小心。

She was robbed at knifepoint.  She’s fine but it was scary.

她被用刀逼着抢劫的。 她还好但是很可怕。

I bet. I know there’s a lot of  pickpocketing on public transport  

我打赌。我知道在公共交通 工具上有大量的扒窃。

here, but I didn’t think  there was much violent crime.

这里，但是我没想到有 太多的暴力犯罪。

Well, maybe it was just bad luck,  but better to be safe, I think.

好，也许那只是倒霉，但我认为 最好还是安全一点。

Yeah, I’ll get a taxi.

好的，我会搭出租车。

Let’s see if you can remember the key  vocabulary you heard. Look at some sentences.

让我们看看您是否记得您听到的 关键词汇。看看一些句子。

Can you remember the missing words?  Pause the video and think about it.  

您能记得遗漏的单词吗？ 暂停视屏考虑一下。

If you want, go back and listen to  the dialogues again, and find them! 

如果您想，回头再听一下 对话，找出他们！

Ready? Let’s look. 

准备好了吗？让我们看看。

Did you get them right? Next,  can you explain what they mean? 

您对了吗？接下来， 您能解释他们意思是什么吗？

Mugging is a kind of robbery. In general,  ‘robbery’ means stealing by using violence or the  

行凶抢劫是抢劫的一种类型。通常 来说，“robbery”意思是用暴力或暴力

threat of violence. Mugging is robbery which takes  place on the street, or in another public place. 

威胁来窃取。行凶抢劫是发生在街道上 或在其他公共地方的暴力窃取。

‘Street crime’ includes crimes like mugging,  

“Street crime”包括像是行凶抢劫、

pickpocketing, graffiti, and so on. In general,  it refers to crimes which are committed in public. 

扒窃、乱涂鸦等类似的。通常来说， 它指的是发生在公共场所的犯罪。

‘She was robbed at knifepoint’ means that someone  threatened her with a knife. You can also use the  

“She was robbed at knifepoint”意思是某人用 一把刀威胁她。您也可以使用单词

word ‘gunpoint’. For example, ‘The gang held  the bank staff at gunpoint during the robbery.’ 

“gunpoint”。例如，“The gang held the bank staff at gunpoint during the robbery.”

Pickpocketing means stealing from someone’s bag  or wallet, usually in a crowded public place. 

扒窃意思是从某人的包里或钱包里窃取， 一般是在人口密集的公共地方。

Here’s an important point: in English, there  are many different words for different types  

这有一个要点：在英语里，有很多 不同的单词适用于

of stealing. You’ve heard some of  them already: burglary, robbery,  

不同类型的窃取。您已经听过一些了： burglary、robbery、

mugging and pickpocketing. There’s also  shoplifting which means stealing from shops.

mugging和pickpocketing。也有入店行窃， 意思是在商店里窃取。

It’s more common to use these  specific words when possible,  

在可能的情况下，更常见的是使用 这些特定词，而不是使用

instead of using general words like ‘stealing’.

“stealing”之类的通用单词。

Don’t forget also to learn the three words for  each crime. For example: mug, mugger, mugging. 

也不要忘记每种犯罪的三种单词。 例如，mug、mugger、mugging。

Is there much street crime or  pickpocketing where you live?  

在您生活的地方有很多街道 犯罪或扒窃吗？

How can you protect yourself from this?  Think about what you could say on this topic. 

在这事里您怎样自我保护？ 考虑一下在这个主题您可以说什么。

OK? Let’s move on.

好了？让我们继续。

Where’s John? He’s twenty minutes late!

John在哪？他要晚20分钟！

He probably underestimated how long  it would take to get here on the bus.

他有可能低估了搭公车到 这要花的时间。

Why’s he taking the bus?

为什么他搭公车？

Oh, you didn’t hear? He was done for DUI.

噢，您没有听说？他有酒驾。

No way!

没办法！

Yeah. He got a twelve-month driving ban, and  he has to do some community service, too.

是的，他有12个月的驾驶禁令， 他也不得不做一些社区服务。

Wow! He’s such a car nut, too.  That must really hurt him.

喔！他也像是一个车狂。 那真的会害了他。

I’m sure. I think it’s worse because he  got a couple of speeding tickets last year,  

我相信。我认为那是糟糕的， 因为他去年有几张超速罚单，

so he already had some points on his license.

所以他已经被记几点在驾照上了。

Well, he can’t really complain.

好，他真的不能抱怨。

Let’s see three sentences from the dialogue. What do these phrases mean? Could you explain  

让我们看看这个对话里的三个句子。 这些词组意思是什么？您能

them to someone? Try it now. 

给某人解释这些吗？ 现在试一下。

Try to complete these sentences. Pause  the video and say your answers out loud,  

试着完成这些句子。暂停视屏 并大声地说出您的回答，

or write them down, or both. Could you do it? Let’s check!

或写下它们，或是两者都做。 您能做吗？让我们看一下！

‘Done’ is British slang. It means ‘convicted’,  meaning that you are found guilty in court. ‘DUI’  

“Done”是英国俚语。那意思是“convicted”， 意味着您在法庭上被判定有罪。“DUI”

stands for ‘driving under the influence’,  which means driving while drunk or on drugs.

表示“driving under the influence”， 那意思是醉酒开车或醉毒开车。

If you wanted to say this in a more formal  way, you could say ‘He was convicted of DUI’.

如果您想用更正式的方式来说这个， 您可以说“He was convicted of DUI”。

If you want to say this in a neutral style,  you could say ‘He was arrested for DUI.’

如果您想用中性方式讲这个， 您可以说“He was arrested for DUI.”

‘Arrested’ and ‘convicted’ aren’t the  same. ‘Arrested’ means when the police  

“Arrested”和“convicted”不是一样的。 “Arrested”意思是警察首先

first find you and take you to the police station.  ‘Convicted’ is when you are found guilty in court.  

找到您并带您到警察局。 “Convicted”是您在法庭上被定罪。

However, in everyday conversation, people  might not use these words so precisely.  

那么，在日常对话里，警察也许 不会精确地使用这些单词。

People might say ‘arrested’ when the  real meaning is ‘convicted in court’. 

当真正的意思是“convicted in court”时， 人们也许会说”arrested“。

A driving ban means that you are forbidden  from driving for a period of time. 

一个驾驶禁令意思是您被禁止 在一段期间内驾车。

Community service is a punishment,  usually for less serious crimes.  

社区服务是一种惩罚， 通常适用于不严重的犯罪。

It means you have to spend a certain  number of hours working for free.  

那意味着您不得不花一定的 时间来免费工作。

For example, you might have to  pick up litter on the street. 

例如，您也许不得不在街上捡垃圾。

If you have points on your license, you have been  caught breaking the law while driving before.  

如果您的驾照上有记点，您之前 开车有被抓住违法行为。

Many countries use a points system. If  you, for example, break the speed limit  

很多国家适用记点系统。如果 您，例如，超速，

and the police catch you, you get points on  your license. If you get too many points,  

警察逮住了您，您的驾照上会被记点。 如果您被记太多点，

you might lose your driver’s license, or you  might be banned from driving for some time.

您的驾照也许会被取消，或 也许您在一段时间内被禁驾。

Clear? To practise, try answering some questions. Think about your answers to these questions.  

清楚了吗？来练习一下，试着回答一些 问题。考虑您的回答。

Pause the video, make your answers, and say  them out loud. If you want extra practice,  

暂停视屏，大声说出来。 如果您想要额外的练习，

write your answers in the comments  and share them with other learners! 

写您的回答在评论上， 并和其他学习者分享它们！

Could you do it? Great!  Let’s look at one more point. 

您可以做吗？很棒！ 让我们再看一点。

Before you listen to the dialogue,  we have a challenge for you:  

在您听对话之前， 我们为您准备了一个挑战：

try to find words with these  meanings in the dialogue. 

试着在对话里找有 这些意思的单词。

Got it? Try to find these words as you listen.

理解吗？试着在您听的时候 找出这些单词。

Could I ask a favour? Could I  take half a day off on Wednesday?

我能拜托您吗？我可以 申请周三的半天假吗？

Should be OK. Can I ask what it’s for?

当然可以。我能问是为什么吗？

Well… I have a friend who  was arrested for shoplifting.  

好… 我有一个朋友因 入店行窃被捕。

She says she didn’t do it, and  for what it’s worth I believe her,  

她说她没做，因此 我相信她，

but anyway, Wednesday is her court date  and I said I’d go along to support her.

但无论如何，周三是她的开庭日， 我说我会跟去支持她。

Sure, no problem. How long is the trial?

当然，没问题。审判要多久？

It’s at the magistrates’ court, so as I understand  

那是在地方法院，所以，据我所知，

it it’s pretty quick. It’s not a  full trial with a jury and so on.

那很快。那不是一个有陪审团的 完整审判，类似这样。

Do you think she’ll get off?

您认为她会脱身吗？

I don’t know. Even if not, she has a  clean record so I don’t think she’ll  

我不知道。即使没有，她拥有一个清白 的记录，所以，形象地说，

get more than a slap on the  wrist, figuratively speaking.

我不认为她会得到比打手腕 更严重的惩罚。

Yes, I mean, I don’t think people  go to prison for shoplifting, right?

是的，我的意思是，我不认为人们因为 入店行窃要进监狱，对吧？

I don’t think so. At least, not  for a first offense. Anyway,  

我也不这样认为。至少， 无论如何，初犯不会。

that’s not really my concern. I’m just going  to support her, and whatever happens, happens.

我不是真正关心那个。我只是去支持她， 无论发生什么，都会去。

Before you listen to the dialogue,  we have a challenge for you: try to  

在您听到对话之前，我们为您 准备了一个挑战：试着

find words with these meanings in the dialogue. Got it? Try to find these words as you listen. 

在对话里找有这些意思的单词。 理解了吗？在您听时试着找这些单词。

Could you do it? Let’s see the answers.

您能做到吗？让我们看回答。

‘Get off’ is slang. More formally,  you could say ‘be found innocent’.  

“Get off”是俚语。更正式地， 您可以说“be found innocent”。

So, in the dialogue I asked ‘Do you think she’ll get off?’  

所以，在对话里，我问 “Do you think she’ll get off?”

In formal English, you’d say ‘Do  you think she’ll be found innocent?’ 

在正式英语里，您要说“Do  you think she’ll be found innocent?”

‘A slap on the wrist’ is an idiom. Often, it’s  used to refer to a punishment which is less  

“A slap on the wrist”是一个成语。 通常，那用来指一个比

serious than it should have been. So,  if some people commit a serious crime,  

原本要有的轻的惩罚。所以， 如果一些犯下严重罪行，

but only receive a light punishment, you could  say ‘They got away with a slap on the wrist.’

但只接受了一个轻的惩罚，您可以说 “They got away with a slap on the wrist.”

Different countries have different justice  systems. In the UK, there are two levels of court:  

不同的国家有不同的司法系统。在英国， 有两种级别的法庭：

magistrates’ court and Crown Court.  

地区法庭和皇家法庭。

Magistrates’ courts deal with things like theft,  traffic offenses, minor assault, and so on.  

地区法庭处理像是偷窃、交通违法、 轻度侵犯人身等等的事情。

More serious crimes go to Crown Court, where  trials are held with a jury of twelve citizens.

更重的犯罪要去皇家法庭，那里审判由 12名公民组成的陪审团进行。

There’s much more useful language relating  to crime and punishment in the dialogues,  

在对话里，有更多与犯罪和惩罚 有关的有用的说法，

so we recommend reviewing them at least once,  

所以我们推荐您至少复习一次，

and writing down words or  phrases you want to remember.

并写下您想记住的单词和词组。

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！

See you next time!

下次见！