Talking About Crime and Court in English - Spoken English Lesson

英文口說 - 犯罪與法庭

Hi, I’m Gina. Welcome to Oxford Online English!  

嗨，我是Gina。歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn to talk about crime  in English. You’ll learn vocabulary you can use  

在本節課裡，您能學到用英文來談論犯罪。 您會學到用來談論犯罪、

to talk about crime, criminals  and the justice system in English.

罪犯和司法系統的英文字彙。

Before we begin, check out our website: Oxford  Online English dot com. Do you want to see a  

在我們開始之前，看下我們的網站：Oxford  Online English dot com. 您想看

range of video and listening lessons to improve  your English, all 100% free? We have that!  

100%免費的更廣範圍的影片和聽課程 來提升您的英文能力嗎？我們有！

Do you want to take online classes  with a professional teacher?  

您想上一位專業老師的 線上課程嗎？

We can do that, too! Oxford  Online English dot com.

我們也有！ Oxford Online English dot com.

Let’s start with part one, where you’ll hear a  conversation about being a victim of a crime. 

我們開始第一部分，您會聽到一個有關 成為一個犯罪的受害者的對話。

How was your trip?

您的旅程怎樣？

My trip was good… But my house  was burgled while I was gone.

我的旅程還好… 但是在我旅行時， 我家失竊了。

Oh no!

啊，不!

Yeah… I came back to find the back window  broken, and everything was messed up inside.

是的… 我回來後發現窗戶破了， 裡面一團糟。

I’m so sorry to hear that.  Do you know when it happened?

我很遺憾聽到這事。 您知道什麼時候發生的嗎？

Not exactly. Apparently there have been  several break-ins in the area recently, though.

不確定。顯然，該區域最近有 幾次入侵。

Did they take much stuff?

他們拿走很多東西嗎？

Some electronics, a laptop, a few other  small things. It’s all replaceable,  

一些電器、一部筆電、一些其他的 小東西，都是可以替換的。

but it’s still not a good feeling.

但是那感覺仍不是很好。

I’m sure. Still, maybe the police will  catch them and you’ll get it back.

我確信，也許警察會抓住他們， 您會拿回它們。

Maybe, but I doubt it. They  came and dusted for prints,  

也許，但是我懷疑這個。他們 來了，並撒粉提取了痕跡，

but they said that there was almost  no chance of recovering my things.

但是，他們說幾乎沒機會 找回我的東西。

Really?

真的嗎？

They say that stolen goods tend to be moved  out of the city and sold somewhere else,  

他們說被竊盜的東西往往會被轉移 到城外，在某些地方被賣掉。

so they’re very difficult to trace. The  detective told me that there’s a whole  

所以他們很難去追蹤。偵探告訴我 有一個完整的遍佈

network of fences around the country,  and they move stolen items between them.

全國的贓物網絡，被竊盜的物品 在網絡裡轉移。

Sounds like big business.

聽上去像是一個大生意。

Look at a sentence you heard  at the start of the dialogue. 

看看您在對話開頭聽到的 一個句子。

Do you remember the missing word? The word was ‘burgled’, from the verb ‘to burgle’.

您記得遺漏的單字嗎？單字是 “burgled”，來自於動詞“to burgle”。

With crime vocabulary, you often  need to learn words in threes. 

在與犯罪有關的字彙裡，您要學習 單字的三種形式。

Do you know the noun forms? Here they are. 

您知道名詞形式嗎？ 在這裡，他們是的。

You need to know one noun for the person,  one noun for the activity, and the verb.

您需要知道一個表述人的名詞、一個 表述活動的名詞以及動詞。

Sometimes, some of the forms might be the  same. For example: murder, murderer, murder.

有時，這些形式中的一些或許相同。 例如，murder, murderer, murder。

Sometimes, one of the forms might be a completely  different word, like this: steal, thief, stealing. 

有時，其中的一個也許完全不同，像是 這個：steal, thief, stealing。

Keep this in mind when learning crime vocabulary.

要抱有這種想法去學與犯罪有關的字彙。

Let’s look at some other useful  vocabulary from the dialogue. 

我們來看看對話裡其他有用的字彙。

Here’s a task for you: look at the definitions.  Can you match the words to the definitions?

您在這有一個任務：看看定義。 您能把單字與定義做匹配嗎？

Pause the video and find your answers. Could you do it? Let’s look! 

暫停影片並找到您的答案。 您可以做嗎？我們來看看！

‘Break-in’ and ‘burglary’ have a similar meaning;  you could use either word in this sentence. 

“Break-in”和“burglary”有一個相同的含義；您可以 在這個句子裡使用任何一個單字。

‘Fence’ is a colloquial word,  but it’s useful sometimes  

“Fence”是一個俗語， 但有時是有用的。

as there’s no single word with the same meaning.

因為沒有單個的單字有相同的含義。

Let’s move on to part two. Don’t forget that  you can always review a dialogue or a section  

我們進入第二部分。不要忘了 在您需要的時候您總是可以複習一個

as many times as you need.

對話或一個單元多次。

That was fun!

那是有趣的！

Yes, we should do it again some time.

是的，我們有時必須再重複幾次。

By the way, how are you getting home?

隨便說下，您怎樣回家？

I’ll walk through the park,  and then get the bus, I think.

我想，我會步行穿過公園， 然後搭公車。

Maybe get a taxi instead? My colleague  was mugged near here last week.

也許換搭計程車？我的同事 上週在這附近被搶劫了。

Really? I didn’t think there  was much street crime here.

真的！我沒有料到這有很多街頭犯罪。

No, me neither, but it’s better to be careful.  

沒有，我也沒有，但是最好是小心。

She was robbed at knifepoint.  She’s fine but it was scary.

她被人持刀搶劫的。 她還好，但是很可怕。

I bet. I know there’s a lot of  pickpocketing on public transport  

我打賭。我知道在公共交通 工具上有大量的扒竊。

here, but I didn’t think  there was much violent crime.

但是我沒想到這裡有 太多的暴力犯罪。

Well, maybe it was just bad luck,  but better to be safe, I think.

好，也許那只是倒霉，但我認為 最好還是安全一點。

Yeah, I’ll get a taxi.

好的，我會搭計程車。

Let’s see if you can remember the key  vocabulary you heard. Look at some sentences.

我們來看看您是否記得您聽到的 關鍵字彙。看一些句子。

Can you remember the missing words?  Pause the video and think about it.  

您能記得遺漏的單字嗎？ 暫停影片考慮一下。

If you want, go back and listen to  the dialogues again, and find them! 

如果您想，回頭再聽一下 對話，找出它們！

Ready? Let’s look. 

準備好了嗎？我們看一下。

Did you get them right? Next,  can you explain what they mean? 

您對了嗎？接下來，您能解釋 他們的含義是什麼嗎？

Mugging is a kind of robbery. In general,  ‘robbery’ means stealing by using violence or the  

行兇搶劫是搶劫的一種類型。通常 來說，“robbery”意思是用暴力或暴力

threat of violence. Mugging is robbery which takes  place on the street, or in another public place. 

威脅來強竊盜。行兇搶劫是發生在街頭的 或在其他公共場所的暴力竊盜。

‘Street crime’ includes crimes like mugging,  

“Street crime”包括像是行兇搶劫、

pickpocketing, graffiti, and so on. In general,  it refers to crimes which are committed in public. 

扒竊、亂塗鴉等。通常來說， 它指的是發生在公共場所的犯罪。

‘She was robbed at knifepoint’ means that someone  threatened her with a knife. You can also use the  

“She was robbed at knifepoint”意思是某人用 一把刀威脅她。您也可以用單字

word ‘gunpoint’. For example, ‘The gang held  the bank staff at gunpoint during the robbery.’ 

“gunpoint”。例如，“The gang held the bank staff at gunpoint during the robbery.”

Pickpocketing means stealing from someone’s bag  or wallet, usually in a crowded public place. 

扒竊意思是從某人的包裡或錢包裡竊盜 財物，一般是在人口密集的公共場所。

Here’s an important point: in English, there  are many different words for different types  

這有一個要點：在英文裡，有很多 不同的單字適用於

of stealing. You’ve heard some of  them already: burglary, robbery,  

不同類型的竊盜。您已經聽過一些了： burglary、robbery、

mugging and pickpocketing. There’s also  shoplifting which means stealing from shops.

mugging和pickpocketing。也有入店行竊， 意思是在商店裡竊盜。

It’s more common to use these  specific words when possible,  

在可能的情形下，更常見的是用 這些特定的單字，而不是用

instead of using general words like ‘stealing’.

“stealing”之類的通用單字。

Don’t forget also to learn the three words for  each crime. For example: mug, mugger, mugging. 

也不要忘記每種犯罪的三種單字。 例如，mug、mugger、mugging。

Is there much street crime or  pickpocketing where you live?  

在您生活的地方有很多街頭 犯罪或扒竊嗎？

How can you protect yourself from this?  Think about what you could say on this topic. 

在這種事裡您怎樣自我保護？考慮一下 在這個主題裡您可以說些什麼。

OK? Let’s move on.

好了？我們繼續。

Where’s John? He’s twenty minutes late!

John在哪？他要晚20分鐘！

He probably underestimated how long  it would take to get here on the bus.

他有可能低估了搭公車到 這要花的時間。

Why’s he taking the bus?

為什麼他要搭公車？

Oh, you didn’t hear? He was done for DUI.

噢，您沒有聽說？他酒駕。

No way!

沒辦法！

Yeah. He got a twelve-month driving ban, and  he has to do some community service, too.

是的，他有12個月的駕駛禁令， 他也不得不做一些社區服務。

Wow! He’s such a car nut, too.  That must really hurt him.

喔！他也像是一個車狂。 那真的會害了他。

I’m sure. I think it’s worse because he  got a couple of speeding tickets last year,  

我相信。我認為那很糟糕， 因為他去年有幾張超速罰單，

so he already had some points on his license.

所以他的駕照已經被記幾點了。

Well, he can’t really complain.

好，他真的不能抱怨。

Let’s see three sentences from the dialogue. What do these phrases mean? Could you explain  

我們看看這個對話裡的三個句子。 這些詞組意思是什麼？您能

them to someone? Try it now. 

向某人解釋這些嗎？ 現在試一下。

Try to complete these sentences. Pause  the video and say your answers out loud,  

試著完成這些句子。暫停影片 並大聲地唸出您的回答，

or write them down, or both. Could you do it? Let’s check!

或寫下它們，或是兩者都做。 您能做到嗎？我們看下！

‘Done’ is British slang. It means ‘convicted’,  meaning that you are found guilty in court. ‘DUI’  

“Done”是英國俚語。那意思是“convicted”， 意味著您在法庭上被判決有罪。“DUI”

stands for ‘driving under the influence’,  which means driving while drunk or on drugs.

表示“driving under the influence”， 那意思是醉酒駕車或醉毒駕車。

If you wanted to say this in a more formal  way, you could say ‘He was convicted of DUI’.

如果您想用更正式的方式來說這個， 您可以說“He was convicted of DUI”。

If you want to say this in a neutral style,  you could say ‘He was arrested for DUI.’

如果您想用中性的方式講這個， 您可以說“He was arrested for DUI.”

‘Arrested’ and ‘convicted’ aren’t the  same. ‘Arrested’ means when the police  

“Arrested”和“convicted”是不一樣的。 “Arrested”意思是警察首先

first find you and take you to the police station.  ‘Convicted’ is when you are found guilty in court.  

找到您並帶您到警察局。 “Convicted”是您在法庭上被定罪。

However, in everyday conversation, people  might not use these words so precisely.  

那麼，在日常對話裡，警察也許 不會精確地用這些單字。

People might say ‘arrested’ when the  real meaning is ‘convicted in court’. 

當真正的意思是“convicted in court”時， 人們也許會說”arrested“。

A driving ban means that you are forbidden  from driving for a period of time. 

一個駕駛禁令意思是您被禁止 在一段期間內駕車。

Community service is a punishment,  usually for less serious crimes.  

社區服務是一種懲罰， 通常適用於不嚴重的犯罪。

It means you have to spend a certain  number of hours working for free.  

那意味著您不得不花些 時間提供免費勞動。

For example, you might have to  pick up litter on the street. 

例如，您也許不得不在街頭撿垃圾。

If you have points on your license, you have been  caught breaking the law while driving before.  

如果您的駕照上有記點，那您之前 開車有違法行為。

Many countries use a points system. If  you, for example, break the speed limit  

很多國家運用記點系統。如果 您，例如，超速，

and the police catch you, you get points on  your license. If you get too many points,  

警察抓住了您，您的駕照上會被記點。 如果您的駕照上記了太多點，

you might lose your driver’s license, or you  might be banned from driving for some time.

您的駕照也許會被吊銷，或 也許您在一段期間內被禁駕。

Clear? To practise, try answering some questions. Think about your answers to these questions.  

清楚了嗎？來練習一下，試著回答一些 問題。考慮您的回答。

Pause the video, make your answers, and say  them out loud. If you want extra practice,  

暫停影片，大聲地唸出來。 如果您想要額外的練習，

write your answers in the comments  and share them with other learners! 

寫您的回答在留言板上， 並和其他學習者分享它們！

Could you do it? Great!  Let’s look at one more point. 

您可以做嗎？很棒！ 我們再看一個要點。

Before you listen to the dialogue,  we have a challenge for you:  

在您聽對話之前， 我們為您準備了一個挑戰：

try to find words with these  meanings in the dialogue. 

試著在對話裡找有 這些意思的單字。

Got it? Try to find these words as you listen.

理解嗎？試著在您聽的時候 找出這些單字。

Could I ask a favour? Could I  take half a day off on Wednesday?

我能拜託您嗎？我可以 週三請半天假嗎？

Should be OK. Can I ask what it’s for?

當然可以。我能問為什麼嗎？

Well… I have a friend who  was arrested for shoplifting.  

好的… 我有一個朋友因為 入店竊盜被捕。

She says she didn’t do it, and  for what it’s worth I believe her,  

她說她沒做，因此 我相信她，

but anyway, Wednesday is her court date  and I said I’d go along to support her.

但無論如何，週三是她的開庭日， 我說我會跟去支持她。

Sure, no problem. How long is the trial?

當然，沒問題。審判要多久？

It’s at the magistrates’ court, so as I understand  

那是在地方法院，所以，據我所知，

it it’s pretty quick. It’s not a  full trial with a jury and so on.

那會很快。那不是一個有陪審團的 完整審判，像是這樣。

Do you think she’ll get off?

您認為她會脫身嗎？

I don’t know. Even if not, she has a  clean record so I don’t think she’ll  

我不知道。即使沒有，她有一個清白的 背景記錄，所以，確切地說，

get more than a slap on the  wrist, figuratively speaking.

我不認為她會得到比打手腕 更嚴重的懲罰。

Yes, I mean, I don’t think people  go to prison for shoplifting, right?

是的，我的意思是，我不認為人們因為 入店竊盜要進監獄，對吧？

I don’t think so. At least, not  for a first offense. Anyway,  

我也不這樣認為。至少， 無論怎樣，初犯不會。

that’s not really my concern. I’m just going  to support her, and whatever happens, happens.

我不是真正關心那個。我只是去支持她， 無論發生什麼事，都會去。

Before you listen to the dialogue,  we have a challenge for you: try to  

在您聽到對話之前，我們為您 準備了一個挑戰：試著

find words with these meanings in the dialogue. Got it? Try to find these words as you listen. 

在對話裡找有這些意思的單字。 理解了嗎？在您聽的時候試著找這些單字。

Could you do it? Let’s see the answers.

您能做到嗎？我們看看回答。

‘Get off’ is slang. More formally,  you could say ‘be found innocent’.  

“Get off”是俚語。更正式地， 您可以說“be found innocent”。

So, in the dialogue I asked ‘Do you think she’ll get off?’  

所以，在對話裡，我問 “Do you think she’ll get off?”

In formal English, you’d say ‘Do  you think she’ll be found innocent?’ 

在正式英文裡，您要說“Do  you think she’ll be found innocent?”

‘A slap on the wrist’ is an idiom. Often, it’s  used to refer to a punishment which is less  

“A slap on the wrist”是一個成語。 通常，那用來指一個比

serious than it should have been. So,  if some people commit a serious crime,  

原本要有的要輕的懲罰。所以， 如果一些犯下嚴重罪行，

but only receive a light punishment, you could  say ‘They got away with a slap on the wrist.’

但只接受了一個輕的懲罰，您可以說 “They got away with a slap on the wrist.”

Different countries have different justice  systems. In the UK, there are two levels of court:  

不同的國家有不同的司法系統。在英國， 有兩種級別的法庭：

magistrates’ court and Crown Court.  

地区法庭和皇家法庭。

Magistrates’ courts deal with things like theft,  traffic offenses, minor assault, and so on.  

地區法庭處理像是偷竊、交通違法、 輕度侵犯人身等的事情。

More serious crimes go to Crown Court, where  trials are held with a jury of twelve citizens.

更重的犯罪要去皇家法庭，那裡審判由 12名公民組成的陪審團進行。

There’s much more useful language relating  to crime and punishment in the dialogues,  

在對話裡，有更多與犯罪和懲罰 有關的有用說法，

so we recommend reviewing them at least once,  

所以，我們推薦您至少複習一次，

and writing down words or  phrases you want to remember.

並寫下您想記住的單字和詞組。

Thanks for watching!

感謝觀看！

See you next time!

下次見！