10 IELTS Writing Tips From Examiners, Teachers & Students - Improve Your IELTS Score

雅思写作 - 10个建议

Hi, I’m Martin.

嗨，我是Martin。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

欢迎来到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can get ten essential tips for your IELTS writing exam.

在本节课中，您能了解到有关雅思写作 考试的十个提示。

How’s this video different?

这个视频有什么区别呢?

Well, we collected feedback from students who took IELTS, and also interviewed IELTS

好，我们收集了一些参加过雅思考试 的学生的反馈，也访谈了一些

examiners.

雅思考官。

Our aim is to give you the most up-to-date IELTS advice, and also give you tips which

我们的目标是给您最新的雅思 建议，以及给您一些也许在

you might not find elsewhere.

其他地方不能得到的提示。

We’ve also included our own top tips, which we’ve developed through teaching hundreds

我们也概括了我们自己的顶级提示， 这是 我们通过教授数以百计的雅思应试者而

of IELTS candidates.

总结出来的。

You can study with us too, if you want; book classes on Oxford Online English dot com.

你们也能和我们一起学习；在我们的网站 Oxford Online English dot com预订课程。

One more thing, do you want English subtitles while watching this video?

顺便多说一件事，在您看这个视频 时，想看英语或中文字幕吗？

Turn them on now if you like.

如果您想，现在可以打开他们。

If your overall IELTS score is between two bands, your score is rounded up.

如果您的雅思考试总成绩是介于两个分数 段之间，您的得分会四舍五入。

For example, if you score 7-7-7-6 in the four sections, you’ll get band seven overall.

例如，如果您在四个单元的得分是 7-7-7-6， 您会得到7分的总成绩。

In the writing exam, it probably doesn’t work the same way.

在写作测验里，可能不是按照 同样的方式计算的。

Why ‘probably’?

为什么“可能”？

Well, there’s no clear information publicly available, and even the examiners we spoke

好的，没有清晰的公开信息可以 提供，甚至是那些和我们

to weren’t sure.

谈过的考官也不确定。

However, according to the best information we have: if you score seven for task achievement,

然而，根据我们有的最好的信息：如果 您在雅思写作测验里，文章

seven for coherence/cohesion, seven for vocabulary and six for grammar in your writing exam,

切题性得七分，连贯/完整性得七分， 词汇得七分以及语法得六分，

that will be rounded *down* to 6.5.

那总成绩会降到6.5分。

What does this mean for you?

这对您意味着什么？

It means that you can’t have any major weaknesses.

那意味着您不能有任何主要的弱点。

If your target score is seven, you probably need to score seven in all four areas.

如果您的目标得分是七，您可能需要 在所有四个领域都得七分。

Do you make multiple small grammar errors when you write?

在您写作时，您是否犯了 多个小语法错误？

This will likely limit your grammar score to six.

这有可能限制您的语法得分在六分。

If you get one score of six, then getting band seven overall becomes much more difficult.

如果您在一个领域得到六分，那么 在得到7分的总成绩会更难。

OK, if you score band eight in one area, then you can score band six somewhere else and

好的，如果您在一个领域得到八分，那么 您能在其他地方得六分，

still get seven.

您最终仍然会得到7分。

However, it’s rare that we see students with some scores much higher than others.

然而，我们很少会看到分数比 其他人高得多的学生。

Generally, the four scores – TA, C&C, vocabulary and grammar – are close together.

一般来说，TA、 C&C、 vocabulary和 grammar这四个分数很接近。

So, if your target score is, for example, seven, you need to aim for seven in all four

所以，如果您的目标得分是七分， 您需要目标设定在所有

areas.

四个领域都拿七分。

Find your weakest area, find out what you need to do to hit your target score, and give

找您最弱的领域，找出您需要做什么来 达到您的目标得分，并在准备时

it extra focus when preparing.

给予更多的关注。

In the past, IELTS examiners would count how many words you had written, and apply a penalty

在过去，雅思考官会算您写了多少个 单词，如果您没有写够，

to your TA score if you hadn’t written enough.

会扣减您的切题性得分。

They no longer do this.

他们不会再这么做。

No one will count your words.

没人会计算您的单词。

So, you shouldn’t do this in the exam, either.

所以，您也不必在这个测验中这样做。

Why did they change?

为什么他们改变了？

The idea is that you can’t write a full answer while writing less than the word count,

因为当您写的少于规定的单词数时， 您不能写一个完整的回答，

and this will be reflected in your TA score anyway; there’s no need for an extra word

无论如何，这都会反映在您的TA分数中； 一个额外的单词计数扣分

count penalty.

没有必要。

So, focus on writing full, well-developed answers which answer every part of the task.

所以，着重于写满，好好拓展每个 部分问题的回答。

Don’t worry about word count.

不用担心单词计数。

This applies to the exam.

这是适用于雅思考试的。

When practising, you should count your words.

在您练习时，您必须计算您的单词数。

However, don’t focus on the word count as a number.

然而，不要着重在单词计算的数字上。

If you find it difficult to meet the word count, this strongly suggests that you aren’t

如果您觉得很难去达到字数， 这里强烈地建议您不要

answering the task fully.

完整地回答TASK。

Ask yourself: what could you add?

问自己：您能增加什么？

What ideas could you explain in more depth?

您能更深入地解释什么想法？

How long do you think the examiner will spend reading your writing?

您认为考官会花多少时间读您的写作？

It depends, but the basic answer is: “not long.”

那取决于不同情况，但是基本的 回答是：“不长。”

Examiners we spoke to said they spent around five minutes per task on average; one mentioned

和我们谈过的考官告诉我们，他们在每个TASK 平均约花五分钟；一个提到说

that he has heard of examiners spending only three minutes per task.

他听说考官每个TASK仅花三分钟。

If I’m marking some IELTS writing, I need ten to fifteen minutes to do a thorough job.

如果我来做一些雅思写作，我需要 10到15分钟做一个完整的工作。

If the examiner is spending only five minutes – or less – then they’re not reading

如果考官仅花5分钟或更少，那么 他们没有

everything carefully.

仔细地读每一样东西。

What does this mean for you?

这对您意味着什么？

It means you should follow obvious strategies.

这意味着您必须遵循很明显的战略。

Don’t experiment; give the examiner what they’re expecting to see.

不要去试验，就直接给考官 他们想看到的东西。

For example, in general task one, write a separate paragraph for each bullet point in

例如，在一般类TASK一，TASK里面的 每一个观点都分别写

the task.

一个段落。

In academic task one, put your overview in a separate paragraph near the start of your

在学术类TASK一，将概述放在 您回答开头附近的

answer.

一个单独段落里。

In task two, start each body paragraph with a clear topic sentence.

在TASK二，在每一个主文段落用 一个清晰的主题句开头。

You don’t *have* to do these things to get high scores, but most people follow these

您 *不会*做这些事情就得到高分， 但是大部分的人遵循

methods.

这些方式。

If you take a different approach, examiners might not take the time to read your work

如果您采用不同的方法，考官 也许不会花时间仔细读

carefully and understand what you’re doing.

您的写作并理解您在做什么。

Keep it simple!

让它简单！

It’s hopefully obvious that if you can’t write a high-scoring IELTS answer in two hours,

希望那是显而易见的，如果您不能在 两小时内写出一个高分雅思答案，

then you can’t do it in one hour, either.

那么，您一样不能在一小时内写出来。

Often, IELTS students try to write with a time limit, like in the exam.

通常，雅思学生试图在一个限定的时间里 写东西，像是在一个测验里。

Of course, the time limit is important.

当然，时间限制是重要的。

But, if your writing has problems, then you should fix the problems first, and worry about

但是，如果您的写作有问题，那么 您必须首先解决问题，之后

the time later.

再担心时间限制。

For example, many IELTS students we meet have big problems with TA in task two.

例如，很多我们遇到的雅思学生在切中主题 的TASK二部分有很多大问题。

Often, the problems relate to planning and organising ideas.

通常，问题是与规划和组织想法有关。

When we start practising, it’s common for students to need thirty minutes – or sometimes

当我们开始练习时，就*规划*一个Task 两个回答，学生们需要三分钟

longer – just to *plan* one task two answer.

或有时更长是很常见的。

If this is your situation, then don’t worry about time limits at first.

如果您也是这样，先不要担心 时间限制。

Focus on writing an answer at your target band score.

关注在写一个能拿到您的目标 得分的回答。

If it takes three hours, then OK.

如果要花三个小时，那么好。

Once you can *consistently* hit your target band score, then start training for speed.

一旦您可以*持续地*达到您的目标 得分，那么开始训练速度。

Here’s a common question which IELTS students ask: how do I get ideas for my essay in task

这是一个常见的雅思学生问的问题： 在我的论文TASK二，

two?

我怎么可以提炼出想法？

I don’t know.

我不知道。

You need to solve that problem.

您必须解决问题。

If you’re in the exam, and you read the task two question, and you think “I don’t

如果您在考试，您读了TASK二的问题， 您觉得“I don’t

have anything to say about this”, then you’re in a bad position.

have anything to say about this”，那么您 处于一个糟糕的状况。

There’s not much that can help you at that moment.

在那一刻，没有什么太多的 可以帮助您。

You need to prepare for this *before* the exam.

您需要在考试*前*准备这个。

So, what should you do?

那么，您必须做什么？

First, read as many task two questions as you can, and think about them.

首先，读尽可能多的TASK二的问题， 想想他们。

Second, if you don’t have a strong opinion, then try to find some news articles on the

其次，如果您没有很强的观点，那么 试着找一些相同主题

same topic.

的新闻文章。

Read articles with different opinions, and think about what you do or don’t agree with,

用不同的观点去读文章，考虑您 同意什么或不同意什么，

and why.

以及为什么。

If you have someone to practise speaking with, then debating is also helpful.

如果您有人和您一起练习口语， 那么辩论也是有帮助的。

Take a topic; you and your partner choose one side each.

提出一个主题，您和您的伙伴各选一边。

Then, you have a debate, you try to support your side and argue against your partner’s

然后，你们有一个辩论，您试图去 支撑您这边的观点，并反驳

points.

您的伙伴那边的。

Third, here’s a useful exercise: take a task two question and write two practice essays

再次，这有一个有用的练习：做TASK二 的问题并在反方各写

on opposite sides.

两篇练习论文。

For example, look at this question.

例如，看这个问题。

To practise, write two essays.

去练习，写两篇论文。

The first argues that climate change is the most serious environmental problem facing

第一个，反驳气候改变是人类面对的 最严重的环境问题，

humanity, and the second argues that other environmental issues are equally serious.

第二个，反驳其他环境问题同样严重。

Sound like a lot of work?

看上去作业很多吗？

It is!

是的！

But, to score seven or higher in task two, you need detailed, well-supported ideas in

但是，要在TASK二得七分或更高， 在论文里，您需要有更多细节、

your essay.

好的支持观点。

There’s no short cut.

这没有捷径。

A question: what score will you get if your essay is not 100% on topic?

一个问题：如果您的论文没有百分百 切题，您会有什么得分？

IELTS examiners have a term: ‘on-topic, off-task’.

雅思考官有一个条款： “on-topic,off-task”.

They use this for essays which are in the right general area, but which don’t answer

他们适用这个在那些写了正确的 一般范围，但是没有

the question directly.

直接回答问题的论文。

Such essays are limited to band four for TA, and five for C&C, *maximum.* This problem

这样的论文在TA会被限制不超过4分， 在C&C *最多*五分。这个问题

applies to many of the IELTS essays we see from our students.

出现在我们学生的很多 雅思论文里。

You must train yourself to read the question carefully.

您必须自我训练去仔细地读问题。

Think about *every single word*.

考虑 *every single word*.

For example, look at the task two you saw just now.

例如，看您刚看过的TASK二。

Before you can even think about this question, you need to think about some of the ideas.

在您可以考虑这个问题之前， 您需要考虑一些想法。

For example, what do ‘serious’ and ‘important’ mean here?

例如，“严重”和“重要”在这意味什么？

What does it mean for one environmental problem to be more serious than another?

一个环境问题比另一个更严重 意味着什么？

What are ‘other environmental issues’?

什么是“其他环境问题”？

These are not simple questions.

这些不是简单问题。

We often see IELTS students who start writing without thinking about these things.

我们经常看到没有考虑这些事情 就开始写的雅思考生。

Then, they write an on-topic, off-task essay.

那么，您写了一个跑题的议论文。

It’s easy to do.

这是很容易发生的。

You might be watching this thinking: “That wouldn’t happen to me!”

您也许这样想： “我不会有这种事！”

It might.

也许。

It’s one of the biggest and most common problems we see.

那是我们看到的最大的 并最常见的问题之一。

Look at a task two question.

看TASK二的问题。

Now, look at a different version.

现在，看一个不同的版本。

Can you see the difference?

您可以找出区别吗？

In the task two instructions, it matters whether a word is singular or plural.

在TASK二的指引里，单词是单数 或复数也很重要。

For example, if the task asks you to describe ‘the main problem’, then you need to focus

例如，如果TASK要求您描述“主要问题”， 那么您需要去关注在一个问题，

on one, and only one, problem.

仅一个问题。

If the task asks you to describe ‘problems’, then you should include at least two.

如果TASK要求您描述“问题”， 那么您必须提及至少两个。

The same is true with other words you’ll see in many IELTS questions, like ‘benefits’,

您会在雅思问题里看到其他的 类似单词，像是“好处”、

‘advantages’, ‘disadvantages’, and so on.

“优势”、“劣势”，以及诸如此类的。

Pay attention to whether the word is singular or plural.

留意单词是单数还是复数。

Stronger answers – band eight or nine – tend to be longer, especially in task two.

很强的回答 — 得分八或九—试图写 更长，特别是在TASK二。

It’s quite difficult to write a full, well-developed essay answer in only 250 words.

用250个单词写完一个完整的 好议论文是十分困难的。

Remember also that there’s no upper limit.

也记住字数是没上限的。

Of course, you need to be careful that your essay is well-organised, with logical paragraphing

当然，您需要注意您的议论文是 结构好、有逻辑分段,

and a clear progression from the beginning to the end.

以及一个自始至终都清晰的演进。

So, if you’re aiming for higher scores – 7.5 or above – you should probably be aiming

所以，如果您瞄准高分 — 7.5或更高 — 您可能要准备

to write a longer response in task 2.

在TASK二里写一个长的回答。

Writing more allows you to develop your ideas in more depth and

写更多来允许您去更深度地拓展 您的论点以及使用

use a wider range of vocabulary -

更宽范围的词汇 —

both of which are necessary for the highest band.

对一个最高等级的的得分来说， 这二者是必要的。

Sometimes, you’ll hear IELTS advice like ‘your ideas don’t matter, so long as they’re

有时，您会听到一些雅思建议，像是 “您的想法不是问题，只要他们是

relevant’, or ‘it doesn’t matter if what you write is true or not’.

相关联的”，或是“您写的是否是 真的都不重要”。

We might even have said similar things in the past!

我们也许曾经在过去说过 类似的事情。

This advice is true to a point; if your target is band six, then sure, this advice is fine.

如果您的目标是6分，那么，当然，这个 建议是对这一点来说是真的，可以的。

If you’re aiming for higher scores – seven and higher – then you can’t think like

如果您想得更高分 — 7分或 更高 — 那么您不能

this.

像这样想。

Your ideas matter.

您的想法是重要的。

Not all relevant ideas are equal.

不是所有的想法都是一样重要的。

Ideas which are more focused, more detailed, and better-supported are better for your TA

更集中、更详细、更有观点支持的 想法更适合您的

score.

TA得分。

If you’re aiming for band seven plus, you should approach your task two essay in this

如果您的目标在7分以上，您必须用 这种方法做TASK二的议论文：

way: imagine you’re writing for someone who has the opposite opinion to you, and you

想像一下您在写东西反驳观点 与您相反的某人，

*really* want to convince them to change their mind.

您*真的*想说服他们改变他们的想法。

We sometimes see questions about academic task one like: “How do I deal with a bar

我们有时看到学术类TASK一的问题像是： “How do I deal with a bar

chart question?”

chart question?”

“What do I do with a map question?”

“What do I do with a map question?”

And so on.

类似这样的。

Actually, you can approach all academic task one questions the same way.

实际上，您可以使用与做所有TASK一 问题相同的方法。

Imagine you’re writing for someone who can’t see the chart, or the map, or whatever.

想像一下您在写给看不到图表、地图、 或随便任何东西的某人。

Now, imagine that this person is going to read what you’ve written, and try to draw

现在，想像这个人在读您写的， 试图去勾画出

the chart.

图表。

Can this imaginary person do it?

这个想像的人可以做吗？

Can they recreate the chart, using only what you’ve written?

他们能只用您写的来创建图表？

If they can, then you’ve written a high-scoring answer, at least for TA and probably C&C.

如果他们能，那么您写了一个高分回答， 至少在TA和C&C是如此。

So, don’t overthink it.

所以，不用想太多。

Write your answer with this idea in your head.

用您脑海里的想法来写您的回答。

Your task one writing will improve immediately.

您的TASK一写作会立即提高。

We’ve seen this work with many students!

我们看到这对很多学生都有用。

Wait, what?

等等，什么？

Only one task one tip?

仅仅一个TASK一的建议？

IELTS students don’t generally have so many problems with task one, either academic or

雅思学生通常在TASK一没有什么 问题，无论是学术类的

general.

或一般类的。

And, the problems they do have are relatively easy to fix.

他们有的问题是相对容易修正的。

So yes, we only have one major task one tip.

所以，TASK一您只有一个主要的提示。

But OK, here are two quick bonus tips for task one.

但是，这有两个TASK 一的快速提示奖赏。

For task one general, the most common problem we see is tone – meaning how formal or informal

对一般类TASK一，我们看到的最常见 问题是语气—意思是您的

your language is.

措辞是怎样正式或非正式。

People either write in an inappropriate tone – in most cases, this means using language

人们要么用不恰当的语气写作，在 大部分事例中，这意味着在

which is too formal for the task – or, they mix formal and informal language in their

TASK里使用太正式的措辞，或，在回答里混合了正式

answer.

和非正式措辞。

For high task one scores, your tone needs to be both appropriate and consistent.

为了TASK一得分高，您的语气必须是 恰当的及一致的。

For task one academic, learn some phrases to describe statistics and figures.

对于学术类TASK一，学一些描述 统计和数据的词组。

Many academic task ones are quite similar: you need to describe trends and data.

很多TASK一是十分相似的： 您需要描述趋势和数据。

This requires a limited range of language, which you can – and should – prepare for.

这个要求限定了您能用的、必须用的以及 要准备的措辞的范围。

For example, do you know any words which have the same meaning as ‘increase’?

例如，您知道任何与“increase” 意思相近的单词吗？

What’s the difference between ‘rise’ and ‘raise’?

“rise”与“raise”之间的区别是什么？

Finding the answers to these questions will help you to write a better task one answer

找到这些问题的回答会帮您在学术类 写作考试里写出一个

in the academic writing exam.

更好的TASK一回答。

That’s all.

本节课就到这！

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！

See you next time!

下次见！