English Grammar - The Passive Voice ...and zombies

英语语法 - 被动语态...和僵尸

Today I'm at St. James's Park in London, which is right next to Buckingham Palace

今天我来到了紧邻白金汉宫的伦敦圣詹姆斯公园

It's all blurry you can't really see it

虽然说看不太清

but trust me that is Buckingham Palace

但相信我那确实是白金汉宫

（被动语态）

The passive form: What is it why do we use it?

被动语态：我们为什么要用被动语态？

Hey dude!

你好，哥们儿！

What are you doing?

你在做什么？

Me? I'm just enjoying the water and the sun!

我？我只是在享受海水和阳光！

Oh that's nice! Some water, sun, it's all very relaxing, and...

哦，很享受！海水、阳光，一切都很让人感到放松，...

Whoa! What's happening?!

哇！发生了什么？！

What? What?

什么？什么？

oh man! Something bit me!

天啊！有东西咬我！

Oh mate! That sucks

哦，伙计！这很糟糕

Ah! What bit you?

啊!什么东西咬你？

I don't know

我不知道

Is it bleeding bad?

流了很多血吗？

Oh that's pretty bad, huh?

哦，这很糟糕，是吧？

I don't feel good

我感觉不舒服

Ah, that's awful

啊，这可不妙

well let me take your mind off that for a second

嗯，让我暂时换一个角度

In English, what is the structure of a sentence?

在英语中，句子的结构是什么？

What?!

什么？！

Sentence structure?

句子结构？

oh I I really don't want to talk about grammar

哦，我真的不想谈论语法

Oh come on! We're doing a lesson!

哦，来吧！我们正在上课！

what do I need?

我需要什么？

I don't know, a subject

我不知道，一个主语

...and?

...和？

A verb

动词

A verb! Good! and what else?

动词！好！还有什么？

an object

一个宾语

Please get an ambulance or something

请找救护车或其他东西

Yeah yeah, an ambulance, great idea! I'll phone a helicopter or something!

是啊，救护车，好想法！我会打电话叫一架直升机什么的！

but first, that sentence!

但首先，那句话！

You said "Something bit me"

你说“有点咬我”

what?

什么？

yeah I think a shark bit me

是的，我认为鲨鱼咬我

Are you sure it was a shark?

你确定这是一只鲨鱼吗？

Dude! It's the ocean! Sharks bite!

伙计！这是海！鲨鱼经常咬人！

Maybe it was a shark

也许这是一个鲨鱼

Maybe it was Nemo

也许这是小丑鱼

Maybe it was me

也许是我

so if you don't know the subject

所以如果你不知道主语

the action is more important

动作更重要

you should use the...?

你应该使用...？

Why haven't you called an ambulance!?

你为什么还没给我叫救护车！？

That's right! The passive form

那就对了！ 被动的形式

So "Something bit me" becomes "I was bitten by something"

所以“有东西咬我”就变成了 “我被某种东西咬了”

or just "I was bitten"

或者只是“我被咬了”

So, "something bit me" - That's an active sentence

所以，“有点咬我” - 这是主动的句子

and it changes to

它变成了

"I was bitten by something"- A passive sentence

“我被某种东西咬了” - 一个被动的句子

now this happened in the past

因为这发生在过去

so that version of B will be a past tense

所以B版本将成为过去式

"was" or "were"

“是”或“是”

Well the subject is "I"

那么主题是“我”

So it's not "were"

所以它不是“were”

"was" - "I was"

“was” - “我是”

and that verb will always be in "Verb 3" / The past participle

而这个动词总是在“第三类动词”/过去分词中

It doesn't matter if it's a future tense past tense or present tense

不管它是否是将来时、过去式或现在式

that verb is always verb 3, past participle,

那个动词总是第三类动词，过去分词，

so "bite" - it's always "bitten"

所以“咬” - 它总是被“咬”

"I was bitten"

“我被咬了”

Be careful and remember that when you use a passive voice

小心并记住这一点 当你使用被动语态时

it completely changes the direction of the verb

它彻底改变了方向顺序

so let me give you an example:

所以让我举个例子：

This sentence is an "Active sentence"

这句话是一个“主动句”

A zombie is biting me

僵尸正在咬我

Let's use the same subject but change it to "passive"

让我们使用相同的主语，但将其改为“被动”

now it means this...

现在它意味着这...

Come here zombie!

来这里僵尸！

zombie is being bitten

僵尸正在被咬伤

So be careful, it completely changes who receives the action

所以要小心，它完全改变了动作的接收方

so why do we use the passive?

那么为什么我们使用被动？

Is it just to sound more formal?

这只是为了听起来更正式吗？

I mean yeah it does sound more formal but that's not the only reason

我的意思是，这听起来更正式，但这不是唯一的原因

We already learned one reason

我们已经学到了一个原因

it's because we don't know the subject

这是因为我们不知道主语

"Something bit me" - "I was bitten by something"

“有点咬我” - “我被某种东西咬了”

Maybe we don't know it, or maybe it's just really really obvious

也许我们不知道，或者 也许它真的很明显

like this example

像这个例子一样

You are being arrested

你被捕了

Who by!? haha! ...I'm sorry

被谁逮捕了！？哈哈！ ...对不起

in both cases the action is more important

在这两种情况下，动词更为重要

the action is the focus of the sentence

该行为是该句子的重点

but there is one last reason

但有最后一个原因

and this could be more useful in social situations or political situations

这可能会更多 在社交场合或政治情况下有用

Let's see the passive voice first:

先看看被动语态：

"I acknowledge that mistakes were made here"

“我承认，这里犯了错误”

and he's right mistakes were made

没错，犯了错

mistakes were made here

在这里犯了错误

a serious mistake was made

发生了严重的错误

clearly mistakes were made

明显犯了错误

Hmm interesting! Let's hear the "Active voice"

嗯有趣！让我们听听“主动语态”

"I think I made a mistake"

“我认为我犯了一个错误”

"yeah I take responsibility for it"

“是的，我负责它”

and there you have it!

在那里你有它！

in an active voice you can see the subject taking responsibility for the action

在主动语态中，你可以看到主语为这个行动负责

whereas in the passive voice

而在被动语态中

you can avoid responsibility

你可以避免责任

so maybe you want to avoid responsibility for an action...

所以也许你想避免一个行动的责任...

you can use the passive voice

你可以使用被动语态

I'm gonna go knock on the Queen's door, and see if she wants to come out and play

我要去敲女王的门，看看她是否想出来玩