English Grammar - The Passive Voice ...and zombies

166,581 views ・ 2018-03-24

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Today I'm at St. James's Park in London, which is right next to Buckingham Palace
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였늘 λ‚˜λŠ” 버킹엄 ꢁ전 λ°”λ‘œ μ˜†μ— μžˆλŠ” 런던의 μ„ΈμΈνŠΈ μ œμž„μŠ€ 곡원에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:04
It's all blurry you can't really see it
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νλ¦Ών•΄μ„œ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ³Ό μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
00:05
but trust me that is Buckingham Palace
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버킹엄 ꢁ전인 μ €λ₯Ό λ―ΏμœΌμ„Έμš”
00:13
The passive form: What is it why do we use it?
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.
00:17
Hey dude!
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이봐 친ꡬ!
00:18
What are you doing?
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λ­ν•˜μ„Έμš”?
00:20
Me? I'm just enjoying the water and the sun!
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λ‚˜? λ‚œ κ·Έλƒ₯ λ¬Όκ³Ό νƒœμ–‘μ„ 즐기고 μžˆμ–΄μš”!
00:25
Oh that's nice! Some water, sun, it's all very relaxing, and...
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였 λ©‹μ§€λ„€μš”! μ•½κ°„μ˜ λ¬Ό, νƒœμ–‘, 그것은 λͺ¨λ‘ 맀우 νŽΈμ•ˆν•˜κ³ ...
00:29
Whoa! What's happening?!
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와! 무슨 일이야?!
00:31
What? What?
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무엇? 무엇?
00:34
oh man! Something bit me!
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였 이런! λ­”κ°€ λ‚  λ¬Όμ—ˆλ‹€!
00:37
Oh mate! That sucks
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였 친ꡬ! μ§œμ¦λ‚˜
00:40
Ah! What bit you?
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μ•„! 당신은 무엇을 λ¬Όμ—ˆλ‹€?
00:42
I don't know
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잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λŠ”데
00:45
Is it bleeding bad?
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좜혈이 μ‹¬ν•œκ°€μš”?
00:48
Oh that's pretty bad, huh?
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였, κ½€ λ‚˜μ˜μ£ ?
00:52
I don't feel good
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기뢄이 쒋지 μ•Šμ•„μš”
00:54
Ah, that's awful
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μ•„, λ”μ°ν•˜λ„€μš” μž μ‹œ
00:56
well let me take your mind off that for a second
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생각을 ν•΄λ³Όκ»˜μš”
00:59
In English, what is the structure of a sentence?
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰가 λ­μ—μš”?
01:02
What?!
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무엇?!
01:03
Sentence structure?
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λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰?
01:05
oh I I really don't want to talk about grammar
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였 λ‚œ 정말 문법에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ–˜κΈ°ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•Šμ•„
01:08
Oh come on! We're doing a lesson!
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였 μ–΄μ„œ! λ ˆμŠ¨μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
01:11
what do I need?
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λ‚΄κ°€ 무엇이 ν•„μš” ν•˜λ‚˜?
01:13
I don't know, a subject
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, 주제
01:15
...and?
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... 그리고?
01:19
A verb
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동사
01:20
A verb! Good! and what else?
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동사! 쒋은! 그리고 또 뭐?
01:23
an object
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01:26
Please get an ambulance or something
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ꡬ급차 같은 것을 λΆˆλŸ¬μ£Όμ„Έμš”
01:28
Yeah yeah, an ambulance, great idea! I'll phone a helicopter or something!
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그래 그래, ꡬ급차, 쒋은 생각이야! 헬리μ½₯ν„°λ‚˜ 뭔가에 μ „ν™”ν• κ²Œ!
01:33
but first, that sentence!
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ¨Όμ € κ·Έ λ¬Έμž₯!
01:36
You said "Something bit me"
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당신은 "λ­”κ°€ λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ¬Όμ—ˆλ‹€"라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ
01:38
what?
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?
01:39
yeah I think a shark bit me
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λ„€ 상어가 μ €λ₯Ό λ¬Όλ¦° 것 κ°™μ•„μš”
01:42
Are you sure it was a shark?
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μƒμ–΄μ˜€λ‚˜μš”?
01:45
Dude! It's the ocean! Sharks bite!
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녀석! 그것은 λ°”λ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€! 상어 λ¬Όλ¦°!
01:49
Maybe it was a shark
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μƒμ–΄μ˜€λ‚˜
01:51
Maybe it was Nemo
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λ‹ˆλͺ¨μ˜€λ‚˜
01:53
Maybe it was me
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λ‚˜μ˜€λ‚˜
01:54
so if you don't know the subject
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주제λ₯Ό λͺ¨λ₯΄λ©΄
01:56
the action is more important
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μ•‘μ…˜μ΄ 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œλ°
01:59
you should use the...?
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..?
02:01
Why haven't you called an ambulance!?
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μ™œ ꡬ급차λ₯Ό λΆ€λ₯΄μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄!?
02:03
That's right! The passive form
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μ’‹μ•„μš”! μˆ˜λ™ν˜•
02:05
So "Something bit me" becomes "I was bitten by something"
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "Something bit me"λŠ” "I was bitten by something"
02:10
or just "I was bitten"
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λ˜λŠ” κ·Έλƒ₯
02:15
So, "something bit me" - That's an active sentence
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02:18
and it changes to
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02:19
"I was bitten by something"- A passive sentence
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"I was bit me"κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ¬Έμž₯
02:22
now this happened in the past
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이제 이것은 과거에 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μœΌ
02:24
so that version of B will be a past tense
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λ―€λ‘œ B의 버전은 κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œκ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:26
"was" or "were"
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"was" λ˜λŠ” "were"
02:28
Well the subject is "I"
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음 μ£Όμ–΄λŠ” "I"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:29
So it's not "were"
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "were" "
02:31
"was" - "I was"
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was"κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€ - "I was"
02:32
and that verb will always be in "Verb 3" / The past participle
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그리고 κ·Έ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 항상 be in "동사 3" / 과거뢄사 동사가 항상 동사 3, 과거뢄사인 것이
02:36
It doesn't matter if it's a future tense past tense or present tense
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λ―Έλž˜ν˜• κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄λ“  ν˜„μž¬ν˜•μ΄λ“  μƒκ΄€μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:39
that verb is always verb 3, past participle,
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.
02:42
so "bite" - it's always "bitten"
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "bite" - 항상 "bitten"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:45
"I was bitten"
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"I was bitten"
02:47
Be careful and remember that when you use a passive voice
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μ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜κ³  μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ 동사
02:50
it completely changes the direction of the verb
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의 λ°©ν–₯이 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ°”λ€Œλ―€λ‘œ
02:52
so let me give you an example:
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
This sentence is an "Active sentence"
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이 λ¬Έμž₯은 "λŠ₯λ™νƒœ λ¬Έμž₯"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
A zombie is biting me
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A zombie is biting me
03:04
Let's use the same subject but change it to "passive"
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같은 μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ˜ " μˆ˜λ™μ "
03:06
now it means this...
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이제 μ˜λ―ΈλŠ”... 이리와
03:08
Come here zombie!
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μ’€λΉ„!
03:12
zombie is being bitten
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μ’€λΉ„κ°€ λ¬Όκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:16
So be careful, it completely changes who receives the action
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ μ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”. 행동을 λ°›λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ™„μ „νžˆ λ°”λ€ŒλŠ”λ°
03:21
so why do we use the passive?
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μ™œ νŒ¨μ‹œλΈŒλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν• κΉŒμš”?
03:22
Is it just to sound more formal?
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더 ν˜•μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:24
I mean yeah it does sound more formal but that's not the only reason
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λ‚΄ 말은 예, μ’€ 더 ν˜•μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ λ“€λ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ 그게 μœ μΌν•œ μ΄μœ λŠ” μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
We already learned one reason
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이미 ν•œ 가지 이유λ₯Ό λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 주제λ₯Ό
03:29
it's because we don't know the subject
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03:31
"Something bit me" - "I was bitten by something"
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03:35
Maybe we don't know it, or maybe it's just really really obvious
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λͺ¨λ₯΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 이 예처럼 정말 정말 λͺ…λ°±ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:39
like this example
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03:40
You are being arrested
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당신은 체포되고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:43
Who by!? haha! ...I'm sorry
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λˆ„κ΅¬μ— μ˜ν•΄!? γ…‹! ...
03:47
in both cases the action is more important
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두 경우 λͺ¨λ‘ μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 행동이 더 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
the action is the focus of the sentence
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행동이 λ¬Έμž₯의 초점
03:52
but there is one last reason
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ΄μœ κ°€ ν•˜λ‚˜ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
and this could be more useful in social situations or political situations
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이것이 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μƒν™©μ΄λ‚˜ μ •μΉ˜μ  μƒν™©μ—μ„œ 더 μœ μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
Let's see the passive voice first:
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λ¨Όμ € μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€:
04:01
"I acknowledge that mistakes were made here"
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"λ‚˜λŠ” μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ μ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μΈμ •ν•˜μ„Έμš”"
04:03
and he's right mistakes were made
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그리고 κ·Έκ°€ λ§žλ‹€
04:06
mistakes were made here
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04:07
a serious mistake was made
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04:09
clearly mistakes were made
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04:11
Hmm interesting! Let's hear the "Active voice"
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"λŠ₯λ™νƒœ"
04:14
"I think I made a mistake"
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"λ‚΄κ°€ μ‹€μˆ˜ν•œ 것 κ°™μ•„" "
04:15
"yeah I take responsibility for it"
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그래 λ‚΄κ°€ μ±…μž„μ§ˆκ²Œ"λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄λ³΄μž
04:17
and there you have it!
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.
04:18
in an active voice you can see the subject taking responsibility for the action
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λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ” μ£Όμ œκ°€ 행동에 λŒ€ν•œ μ±…μž„μ„ μ§€λŠ” 것을 λ³Ό 수
04:23
whereas in the passive voice
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ”
04:25
you can avoid responsibility
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μ±…μž„μ„ ν”Όν•  수 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ
04:27
so maybe you want to avoid responsibility for an action...
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행동에 λŒ€ν•œ μ±…μž„μ„ νšŒν”Όν•˜κ³  싢을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€...
04:31
you can use the passive voice
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
I'm gonna go knock on the Queen's door, and see if she wants to come out and play
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I'm gonna go knock on the Queen's door, 그리고 κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λ‚˜μ™€μ„œ 놀고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ΄
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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