How to write professional emails in English

如何用英文写专业的电子邮件

Oh, there's free cake in the staff room?

有免费的蛋糕在员工休息室

Thanks for letting me know.

谢谢你让我知道

See you there.

待会见

Yeah, free cake.

太好了，免费的蛋糕

All right.

很好

Hey, everyone.

大家好

I'm Alex.

我是Alex

Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on writing a business or professional email

谢谢你们的观看，欢迎你们来听这节关于如何写出正式的邮件

in English.

用英语

Now, this is useful for those of you who are just starting a corporate job, or if you are

这对你们这些刚刚开始 合作类的工作的人很有用，或者如果你现在

looking to work in an English environment where emails are constant.

在一个用电子邮件交流的英语环境中

So, I use my email every day.

我每天都会使写电子邮件。

I can tell you 100% that I have used all of these at one point or another in my emailing

我可以十分确定的告诉你我已经全部使用 这些在我的工作电子邮件中

career, we'll say.

So, I've sent thousands of emails, and I've used all of these.

我已经发送了数千封电子邮件，而且我已经全部的这些技巧

So, these are phrases that you can use in internal emails between yourself and your

这些是你可以使用的短语 在你的内部电子邮件中

colleagues, or between yourself and someone who works with your company.

你和你的同事，或你和你同一个公司的同事

So, maybe you know someone who is selling, you know, technology to your company, like

也许你知道有人在卖东西，例如卖技术产品给你的公司

printers or computers; maybe there's someone who supplies paper for your company and you

像打印机或电脑 也有可能某个人为你的公司提供纸张

have to interact with them, so you can use these phrases and expressions with them.

你必须与他们交流，那时你可能会对他们使用这些短语和表达方式。

All right?

So, first we'll start with the greeting.

所以，首先我们将从greeting开始。

We have: "Hello", "Hi", "Hey, Steve".

我们有：“ Hello”，“ Hi”，“Hey, Steve"。

Steve - these are all for Steve.

Steve - 这些都是给史Steve的。

So, you notice...

所以，你注意到......

If you're wondering: "Why didn't you put 'Dear'?

如果你想知道：“你为什么不用“Dear'？

Why didn't you put 'To whom it may concern'?"

你为什么不用“'to whom it may concern'？“

You could still use those.

你也可以用那些

I guess it depends on your own personal comfort with formality.

我想这取决于你自己 的苏适感与正式感。

Having worked, like, you know, in Canada and exchanging emails with people in the United

在加拿大工作的人 与美国的人互通电子邮件时

States, most people are comfortable with a "Hello" or a "Hi".

大多数人都比较喜欢 用“Hello”或“Hi”。

Only use a "Hey" for someone you know.

”hey“一般是发给你认识的人

So, these are in level of formality.

这里有分正式的等级

Of these three, "Hello" would be the most formal; "Hi" would be very neutral; and "Hey"

在这三个中，“Hello”将是最 正式的; “Hi”会非常中立;和“Hey”

is a very familiar, very informal, so only use this with people you know well or that

是与非常熟悉的人，非常不正式，所以只有 用于你认识的那些人

you have a good professional relationship with.

或与你有很好的职业关系

Next...

All right, so one thing you might do in an email is to introduce a new topic or to inform

你可能会做一件事就是通过 电子邮件是介绍一个新主题或通知

someone of something; maybe not just one person, maybe a group of people, maybe a whole department.

某人某件事情;也许不只是一个人， 也许是一群人，也许是整个部门。

So, for example: "This is to inform you that..."

举一个例子：“This is to inform you that..."

Very general.

很普遍

So, maybe someone has received a promotion in your company.

也许有人在你的公司升职了

This is something you might see from your boss; or if you are a boss or a manager,

这也是你有可能会从老板或经理会收到的

you might send this to your team.

你也可能会发送到你的团队。

"This is to inform you that", you know...

“This is to inform you that”

Let's say Rosa; you have an employee named Rosa.

举个例子，比如Rose; 你有一个名叫Rose的员工。

"This is to inform you that Rosa has been promoted to the position of..."

his is to inform you that Rosa has been promoted to the position of..."

Okay?

So you're giving information to your team.

你要向你的团队提供信息。

This one: "Just to let you know"...

这一个：“just to let you know......

Now, this is very informal.

现在，这是非正式的。

So, only send this to people you know well, people within your company, maybe a friend

只发送给你在公司里很熟的人，也许是你公司里的朋友

in the company.

So: "Just to let you know" is a much more informal, casual way that you can use in an email,

所以：“Just to let you know”更多的是一个邮件中使用的非正式，随意的表达方式，

instead of: "This is to inform you that..."

而不是：“This is to inform you that..."

Okay?

So, for example: "Hey.

例如：“Hey

Just to let you know, I'm not here on Friday.

just to let you know, 我这周五不在这

Please see me if you need anything from me before Friday."

如果您需要我，请在星期五之前联系我。“

Okay?

Also, you're introducing a topic, or informing your company, or someone of something, so:

此外，您正在介绍一个主题或通知 你的公司里的人，或某个人某事，

"Hey, Steve.

“Hey, Steve.

Good news!", "Hey, Steve.

好消息！“，” Hey, Steve.。

Bad news.", "Hey, Steve.

坏消息。“，”嘿，史蒂夫。

I've got good news.", "I've got bad news."

我有个好消息！“，”我有坏消息。“

Now, you notice, here, I used an exclamation after "Good news", you know, it's a good idea

现在，你注意到，在这里，我用感叹号 在“Good news”之后，你知道，这是一个好主意

to make it seem exciting, so: "Good news!

让它看起来令人兴奋，所以：“Good news！

You know, I just got promoted."

我刚刚升职了！“

Okay?

Or: "Good news!

或者：“Good news！

I'm getting a raise."

我正在加薪。“

Okay?

好的？

Something like this.

像这样的东西。

"Bad news.

“坏消息。

We're not getting pizza for free today.", "Bad news.

我们今天没有免费获得披萨。“， “坏消息。

I can't make lunch, sorry."

抱歉，我不能做午饭。“

Okay?

好的？

"I can't make lunch."

“我不能做午饭。”

It doesn't mean you're creating lunch, you're making lunch; it means: "I can't go to lunch

这并不意味着你正在做午餐，这意味着：“我不能和你一起去吃午饭

with you."

Okay?

So, you have: "This is to inform you that...", "Just to let you know...", "Good news!", "Bad news.",

这里有：“"This is to inform you that...", "Just to let you know...", "“Good news!", "Bad news.",

"I've got good news.", "I've got bad news."

“我有好消息。”，“我有个坏消息

Okay?

Next, if you are following up on a previous discussion, a previous email...

如果您正在following up前面的一个 讨论，以前的电子邮件......

Now, "following up" means you had a conversation about a topic before, maybe in person, maybe

现在，“following up”意味着你有一个对话关于之前的话题，可能是面对面的讨论，也可能是用邮件

in email, maybe by carrier pigeon-I don't know-and you want to follow up on that email.

也许是carrier pigeon - 我不 知道 - 你想继续讨论通过电子邮件。

A carrier pigeon is a bird who brings a letter.

一只carrier pigeon是一只送信件的鸟。

So, you can say: "Hey, Steve.

所以，你可以说：“Hey, Steve.

As we discussed,..." or "As discussed,..."

As we discussed,..." 或 "As discussed,..."

You can obviously add to this: "As discussed yesterday,...", "As discussed at the meeting,...",

你显然可以补充这一点：“As discussed yesterday,...", "As discussed at the meeting,...",

"As discussed this morning, please remove your shoes when you enter"-I don't know-

As discussed this morning, 请你进我的办公司的时候拿开你的鞋子

"my office"?

It's a strange thing, maybe.

这可能是个奇怪的事情。

I don't know, it depends where you are in the world, perhaps.

我不知道，这取决于你在这个世界的哪里。

So, next, instead of saying: "As discussed,..." you can also say: "To follow up on our meeting,...",

所以，接下来，不要说："As discussed,“也可以说：“To follow up on our meeting,...",

"To follow up on our discussion,..."

To follow up on our discussion,...",

This is the same thing.

都是一回事

You know, "As we discussed,..." or "To follow up,...", "To give an update on the information

，“As we discussed,..." or "To follow up,...", "To give an update on the information

we discussed,..."

we discussed,..."

You can say, you know: "please come to work on time".

你可以说：“请按时上班”。

Okay?

Or: "don't leave your lunch in the fridge for five days."

你也可以说：“不要把午餐连续放在冰箱里 五天。“

Other people use the fridge, Steve.

其他人也要使用这个冰箱，Steve。

So, next: "Regarding", or "In regards to..."

那么，接下来：“ Regarding”，或“ In regards to.....”

Now, you can use either one of these.

现在，您可以使用其中任何一个。

Okay?

好的？

So, it just depends how you feel in the moment.

所以，这取决于你当时的想法。

So, you know, let's see...

所以，你知道，让我们想想

What else has Steve done lately?

Steve之后做了什么？

Regarding...

regarding

Hmm.

Sure.

"Regarding the quality of your deodorant, please change it soon; everyone can notice.

“"Regarding 除臭剂喷太多了， 请尽快更换它;避免大家都能闻到。

Everyone notices."

Okay?

So: "in regards to", maybe Steve wears strong cologne or strong deodorant and it smells

“in regards to”，也许Steve穿的很强 古龙水或强力除臭剂，它闻起来

very strong, so, you know, you're just having fun with Steve in an email.

非常刺鼻，我只是拿Steve的邮件打趣

Okay.

好的。

"As far as _______ goes,..."

"As far as _______ goes,...“

So, this is similar to saying: "Regarding/In regards to", but you put the topic here.

，这类似于说：“Regarding/In regards to"，但你把togic放在这里。

So, if you are sending an email about your company budget: "As far as the budget goes,

如果你要发送一封关于你的电子邮件 公司预算：“As far as预算，

please be careful with your spending."

请小心你的消费。“

Okay?

"As far as, you know, this weekend's tour goes, it's going to begin at 11 o'clock."

“As far as本周末的旅游行程， 它将在11点开始。“

Okay?

Same here: "On the topic of _______", and you follow up.

在这里也一样：“On the topic of ____”，和然后写你的话题。

Okay?

Next, if you want to ask for something, if you want to request something - many, many,

接下来，如果你想要询问某事，如果 你想要某些东西 - 许多，很多，

many, many options.

很多很多选择。

All right?

So: "I'd like to know if/when/how/who", okay?

所以：“我想知道 if/when/how/who”，

Any question you can think of.

你能想到的任何问题。

"I'd like to know when the meeting ends.", "I'd like to know if I should bring anything."

“I'd like to know when会议结束。”， “I'd like to know 我是否应该携带任何东西。”

Okay?

Next, instead of saying: "I'd like to know", you can also just say: "Hey.

接下来，而不是说：“I'd like to know“你也可以说” hey“

Could you let me know if/when/how", etc.

Could you let me know if/when/how",

Maybe you're collecting money because it's Rosa's birthday, you know, in the department,

也许你正在存钱，因为 Rosa的生日，在你们的部门里

and you could say: "Hey.

你可以说：“hey。

Could you let me know how much money I should contribute?"

Could you let me know我应该花多少钱在

You know, for Rosa's present or for Rosa's gift card, or whatever.

Rosa的礼物或Rosa的 礼品卡，或其他。

All right?

Next, a little more serious: "Could you confirm", right?

用于更正式的场合： Could you confirm",

"Could you, like, 100% let me know (confirm) if/when/how", etc.

“could you confirm if / when / how“等等

So, this is probably a more serious topic; although you could use it to be funny, because

所以，这可能是一个更正式的话题; 虽然你可以用它来取乐，因为

it's a more formal expression.

这是一个更正式的表达方式。

You know: "Could you confirm how much money I should give or how much money I should contribute?",

Could you confirm多少钱 我应该给他们或者我应该捐出多少钱？“，

"Could you confirm if we're getting paid today?"

“Could you confirm我们今天是否得到报酬？”

You know, just I want to make sure we're getting paid.

我想确保我们得到报酬。

Next: "Do you know if/when/how", etc.

“Do you know if/when/how“

Okay?

So: "Do you know...?"

Do you know...?"

Okay?

So: "Do you know when...?

"Do you know when...?

When the money will be in my account?"

什么时候钱会存入我的账户？“

Okay?

"Do you know if the printer needs more ink?"

“Do you know if打印机需要更多墨水吗？”

Okay?

"Do you have any details/any update on a topic?"

“Do you have any details/any update on a topic?"

Okay?

So, if you're ordering promotional material for your company from another company, and

如果您为你的公司从另一家公司订购打折的材料

you've been waiting for a long time, maybe one week, two weeks, which is a long time

你可能已经等了很久了 一周，两周，这是很长一段时间

in most businesses, so: "Hey.

在你的工作中，你会说：“Hey

Do you have any update on the promotional material?

Do you have any update on the 促销材料

Do you have any details or any new details on the promotional material?"

Do you have any details or any new details on the promotional material?"

And another way to say this...

还有另一种说法......

Right?

"Hey.

Hey。

Could you give me an update?

Could you give me an update?

Could you give me a quote or an estimate?"

Could you give me a报价或估价吗？“

So, a "quote" is if you are in charge of, you know, dealing with some of the upper-end

“quote”是你在你的公司处理一些高端的部分

parts in your company where you're dealing with other companies, and you want to know:

那是你需要和别的公司商量的价格的部分，你想知道：

"Hey.

“Hey

How much money does it cost for you to print this promotional material for us?"

要花多少钱在打印这些促销材料给我们？“

Or: "How much money does it cost for five new computers?

或者：“要花多少钱买5台新的电脑

Could you give me a quote?"

你能给我一个quote吗？“

Basically...

通常是

Usually a PDF or, you know, maybe some companies send a physical paper with the breakdown of

通常是PDF，也许是一些公司 发送一份详细的清单，里面描写了一些的费用

everything.

"Could you let me know how much it costs?"

“Could you let me know 它的费用是多少吗？”

"Could you give me an estimate?"

“Could you give me一个估价”

Okay?

This means an idea of how much money things are going to cost.

这意味着一个想法关于大概要花多少钱

All right, so, so far we've said: "Hey, Steve", we've introduced a topic, maybe we have followed

到目前为止，我们已经说过：“Hey, Steve", 我们介绍了一个主题，我们之后的继续

up on a previous discussion, we've asked some things, requested some things.

之前的讨论，如何去询问了 事情，去请求一些事情。

And, well, let's see what's next.

让我们看看下一步是什么。

Stay tuned.

敬请关注。

Come on.

Okay, so next we have saying: "Thanks".

好的，接下来我们说：“thanks“。

So, you can write: "Hey.

所以，你可以写：“hey。

Thanks for getting back to me."

Thanks for getting back to me

So, you sent an email, they sent an email back and they answered a question for you,

你发了一封电子邮件，他们回复了你，答复了你的问题

and you want to send another email...

而你想发送另一封电子邮件......

This is, like, the third email in the chain, so you would say: "Hey.

这就是第三封电子邮件在你们交流中， 你会说：“hey

Thanks for getting back to me."

thanks for getting back to me."

This means: "Thanks for writing back.

这意味着：“Thanks for writing back.

Thanks for answering my question."

Thanks for answering my question."

Okay?

And then you can use one of the other phrases: "Regarding this question,..."

然后你可以使用其他一个短语： "Regarding this question,..."

Right?

Okay.

"Thanks for the info".

thanks for the info

"Thanks for the information", if you want to be more formal.

“Thanks for the information”，如果想更正式的话

Again, if you are in a company where you know the people well: "Thanks for the info" is

如果你在一家的公司并切很里面的人很熟 “Thanks for the information

pretty casual, pretty informal; only really use it with people you know well.

非常随意，不正式，只能用于 与你认识的人

"...the information", if it's, like, the owner of the company - probably "...the information"

“......the information”，如果是你公司的老板，可能就是“the information”会更好

is better.

"Thanks for the heads up."

“"Thanks for the heads up“

So, this is a little more informal as well.

这也是非正式的。

So, "Thanks for the heads up" is usually: Thanks for the warning, thanks for the update.

“"Thanks for the heads up”通常是： 感谢您的警告，感谢您的更新。

So, for example, if someone sends you an email and they say: "Hey.

例如，如果有人向您发送电子邮件说” hey

There's going to be a new position opening next week.

下周将会有一个新的职位开放“

Why don't you, you know, update your resume and get ready?

你为什么说不更新你的简历，去做准备

Because I think you would be good for this job."

因为我认为这会对你的工作好处。”

So, you could say: "Oh, there's going to be a new position opening in the company.

所以，你可以说：“哦，将会有一个新的职位开放在公司。

Thanks for the heads up."

Thanks for the heads up。“

Right?

"Thanks for the warning", so I know before other people.

“Thanks for the warning”，所以我比别人更早知道

So, think of "heads up", oh, you can...

所以，想想“heads up”，你可以......

You can see the information that's in the future.

你可以你未来信息。

Okay?

All right.

"Thanks for the update.", "Thanks for the email."

“Thanks for the update。”，“感谢您的 电子邮件。”

Very general.

很普遍

"Hey.

Thanks for following up on..." or "Thanks for following up with..."

Thanks for following up on...“或” thanks for following up with..."

Thanks for, basically, you know, keeping up to date or getting new information from this

谢谢，基本上跟着 到目前为止获取新信息来自某个人或某个话题

person or on this topic.

So: "Hey.

hey

Thanks for following up with the accounting department.", "Thanks for following up on

Thanks for following up with会计 部门。“，” Thanks for following up on

our contract."

我们的合同。“

Okay?

"...our contract discussion", something like that.

“......我们的合同讨论”，

"Thanks for your help.", "Thanks for your help with" something.

“Thanks for your help.", "Thanks for your help with 某件事

"Hey.

“hey

Thanks for looking into this, into that."

thanks for looking into this, into that.

If you look into something, it means you, you know...

如果你看一些东西，就意味着你

You research it, you take a deeper look.

你研究它，你进行了深入研究。

So, if a colleague asks you to look into something, they're asking you to get the details of a

所以，如果同事要求你look into something,， 他们希望你深入的来研究一下

situation or get the details of something.

这种情况得到跟多的细节

And if they look into something and they send you the information, say: "Hey.

如果他们深入了解某件事，他们发送 你的一些信息，说：“hey

I got the information.

我得到了些信息。

The cost of this is $224."

花费了224美元。“

It's like: "Oh, $224.

就像：“哦，224美元。

Thanks for looking into this.

感谢您查看这个。

This cost changes everything."

这笔费用改变了一切。“

Okay?

So, many ways to say thanks; many things to be thankful for.

有很多方式表示感谢;很多事情值得去感恩。

And finally, closing your email; the ending, you can say: "All right.

最后，关闭你的电子邮件; 你可以说：

I'll get back to you as soon as I can."

“我会尽快回复你。“

So, this is if someone has asked you for something, has made a request, and, you know, you send

所以，如果有人曾经问过你问题，提出请求，然后你回复

them some information, you respond, and you can just end with: "Okay.

他们并提供了一些信息，你回答，然后你结束的时候可以说

I'll get back to you."

I'll get back to you."

Or, if you want to, you know, be extra polite and say: "Hey.

或者，如果你愿意特别礼貌，你可以说 “hey。

I'm going to do this": "I'll get back to you as soon as I can."

'm going to do this": "I'll get back to you as soon as I can."

This is very similar to: "I'll let you know as soon as I can."

这类似于：“I'll let you know as soon as I can."

Okay?

So, this one, very, very common.

这个非常非常普遍。

Okay?

"I will let you know.

"I will let you know.

When I know"-okay?-"I'll let you know".

当我知道答案的时候 - ”我会让你知道“。

"I'll keep you posted."

"I'll keep you posted."

This means: If I have new information, I will send the information to you.

这意味着：如果我有新信息，我会的 将信息发送给您。

Okay?

"I will give you an update when I know something."

“I will give you an update when I know something."

Okay?

And then next, here, you're asking for, you know...

接下来，你想要

You've asked a question and you want a response, so you end it with: "Please let me know" or

得到一个问题的回复， 所以你最后说：“Please let me know" or

just: "Let me know".

just let me know"

Add a "please" if you want to be extra polite.

如果您想要更加礼貌，请添加“ please”。

"Please keep me posted".

please keep me posted".

"I'll keep you posted.", "Keep me posted."

"I'll keep you posted.", "Keep me posted."

Keep me updated.

Keep me updated.

If there's any new information, tell me.

如果有任何新信息，请告诉我。

Okay?

Send me an email if there's any new information on the topic we have discussed.

如果有任何问题关于我们讨论的话题，请给我发电子邮件

And, you know, there's a lot of talk about: How should you end your email?

而且，这里有很多关于如何结束电子邮件的内容

What's too formal?

什么太正式了？

What's not formal enough?

什么不够正式？

Do people still use "Sincerely"?

人们还在使用“ Sincerely”吗？

I really only use "Sincerely" on, like, government documents, things that are official from the

我真的只使用“ Sincerely”，就像政府一样 文件，应该的官方的邮件

bank.

If you, you know, have a complaint letter to a landlord where you're renting, you know,

如果你，你有一封投诉信 对你租房的房东

your apartment: "Sincerely" works for those official situations.

“ Sincerely“ 是可以使用的

In most internal company emails, I usually end mine with: "Thanks".

在大多数公司内部电子邮件中，我通常都是 结束我的：“thanks”。

You could say: "Regards", you could say: "All the best".

你可以说：“ Regards”，你可以说： “All the best”。

So: "Thanks" works for internal, "Thanks" works for somebody you're working with outside

所以：“thanks适用于熟悉的聊天，“Thanks”适用于你在公司里不熟的人沟通

the company.

"Sincerely" I would just keep it to more official, official, official situations where you're

“ Sincerely”我会让它更加官方情况，

dealing with government, or banks, or bigger companies.

如和与政府，银行或更大的交易 公司的人沟通的时候

Okay?

All right.

Whew, that's it, guys.

这就是全部今天的内容

So, to test your understanding of this material, as always, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.

所以，为了测试你对这种本节课的理解， 与往常一样，您可以在www.engvid.com上做测验。

And what I want to see from you guys is in the comments write me an email.

而我想从你们身上看到的是写给我的邮件

Use, like, as many of these phrases as you can, and just send a sample email to me in

尽可能多的使用这些短语，尝试发送一个简单的电子邮件给我

the comments that I can read, and, you know, I can...

对于本次内容的评论，

I can see how you guys are doing.

我可以看到你们学的怎么样了

All this stuff that I gave you today, except for the ending, it doesn't have to go in this

关于我今天教你们的所有这些东西，除了 这个结尾，你不一定要用按顺序来

order.

Okay?

Like, you might just start an email, saying: "Hey, Steve.

比如，你可能只是发一封电子邮件，说： “hey，Steve。

Hey, Rosa.

hey，Rose

Thanks for getting back to me."

Thanks for getting back to me。”

This could be the first thing; it doesn't have to be the introductory part that I did

这可能是第一个句子，不需要用上我在 介绍部分所讲的

in the previous board.

句子在之前的黑板上

It depends what the email is about, of course, and what you want to stress.

当然，这取决于电子邮件的内容是什么，你想去你想要强调什么

All right?

So, write me in the comments, and do the quiz, which I already said.

所以，请在评论中写信给我，然后进行测验，像我之前说过了那样。

And then after you do the quiz, after you, you know, check the comments and all that

然后在你完成测验后， 检查评论之后和所有这些事情

stuff, go to YouTube, tell your friends.

去YouTube，告诉你的朋友。

Say: "Hey.

说：“hey。

I like this video by Alex.

我喜欢Alex的视频。

Subscribe to his channel.

订阅他的频道。

Hey.

Who's this person?

这个人是谁？

Huh?

Adam?

Adam？

Yeah?

Ronnie?

Ronnie？

Okay?

Emma, yeah, I like these people.

Emma，我喜欢这些人。

I like these people.

我喜欢这些人。

Yeah, they have lots of good information over here."

是的，他们有很多很好的内容

So, subscribe to them, check us all out on engVid, and check me out on Facebook, check

所以，订阅他们，看看我们所有 engVid，并在Facebook上关注我，

me out on Twitter...

Twitter上关注我们...

I'm talking way too much and promoting too much, so one more thing: If you want to support

我说的太多了，也在宣传 很多，所以还有一件事：如果你想支持

what we do, check out the "Support" link on engVid, and you can donate and help us do

我们现在做的事情，查看“support”链接 engVid，你可以捐赠并帮助我们做这个

this for a long, long, long, long time.

这是一个漫长的时间。

All right?

So, thank you very much.

所以，非常感谢你。

Til next time, thanks for clicking.

谢谢你的观看

And I'm going to go have that cake.

而且我要去吃那块蛋糕了。

Cake.

蛋糕。

Cake.

蛋糕。

Cake.

蛋糕。

Cake.

蛋糕。

Cake.

蛋糕。

Cake.

蛋糕。