The Great Fire Of London: English Listening Practice [Upper Intermediate]

36,123 views ใƒป 2021-03-14

English Like A Native


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
In this lesson, we are going to โ€˜kill two birdsย  with one stoneโ€™. Thatโ€™s an idiom which means toย ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ๋Š” 'ํ•œ ๋Œ๋กœ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š”'๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์—…
00:07
complete two tasks with one action. I amย  going to give you some listening practiceย ย 
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์„ ์™„๋ฃŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต
00:12
and at the same time, teach you about an eventย  in British History: The Great Fire of London.ย ย 
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์„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์˜๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ : ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์žฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
This is an upper-intermediate to advanced lessonย  so you can use this to practice your listeningย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์ƒ๊ธ‰๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์—์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒญ์ทจ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šต
00:26
if you are at that level, or to challengeย  yourself if youโ€™re not quite there yet.ย 
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Before we begin, we will go throughย  some of the vocabulary which is notย ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€
00:46
often taught when learning a new language butย  you will need to fully understand this story.ย 
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์•Š๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
Blaze, flames - these are words whichย  will be used to describe the fire.ย ย 
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Blaze, flames-์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
To make a story more interesting, itย  is important to find synonyms for wordsย ย 
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด
01:04
which are used multiple times. Flammable - easily set on fire.ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ธํ™”์„ฑ-์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ์ด ๋ถ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Wood - material which is made fromย  the trunk or branches of a tree.ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฌด-๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ์ค„๊ธฐ ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์žฌ๋ฃŒ.
01:27
Straw - material which is madeย  from dried stalks of grain.ย 
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๋ฐ€์งš-๋ง๋ฆฐ ๊ณก๋ฌผ ์ค„๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์žฌ๋ฃŒ.
01:36
Fire brigade - the organised group of peopleย  who are trained and employed to fight fire.ย 
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์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€-์†Œ๋ฐฉ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๊ณ ์šฉ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์กฐ์ง ๋œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
Extinguish - to cause a fire to stop. Burn - to be damaged by fire.ย 
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์†Œํ™”-ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค. ํ™”์ƒ-ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์†์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
Burn down - to be completely destroyed byย  fire, particularly in reference to buildings.ย 
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์†Œ๊ฐ-ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
To flee - to run away from aย  place or situation of danger.ย ย 
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๋„๋ง ์น˜๋‹ค-์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋„๋ง ์น˜๋‹ค.
02:23
The past tense of โ€˜to fleeโ€™ is fled, whichย  is the form of this word used in the story.ย 
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'๋„ํ”ผํ•˜๋‹ค'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ ๋‹ฌ์•„๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๋‹ค.
02:34
Gunpowder - an explosive powder used in fireworks. Historians - people who are experts in history.ย 
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ํ™”์•ฝ-๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ ๋†€์ด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ๋ถ„๋ง. ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€-์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค.
02:46
Diary - a book in which one keeps aย  daily record of events and experiences.ย 
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์ผ๊ธฐ-์‚ฌ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋งค์ผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ….
02:57
Monument - a structure which is constructedย  to commemorate an important person or event.
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๊ธฐ๋…๋น„-์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€์–ด์ง„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ.
03:18
Just after midnight on the 2nd September 1666, aย  fire began in a bakery on Pudding Lane in London.ย ย 
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1666 ๋…„ 9 ์›” 2 ์ผ ์ž์ • ์งํ›„, ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ํ‘ธ๋”ฉ ๋ ˆ์ธ์—์žˆ๋Š” ๋นต์ง‘์—์„œ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
The blaze spread quickly for severalย  reasons: Firstly, because of the highย ย 
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ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ,
03:32
population in London, houses were built veryย  close together so the fire was able to spreadย ย 
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผํƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ์ง€์–ด์ ธ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
03:38
quickly. Secondly, many of the houses were madeย  from flammable materials, such as wood and straw.ย ย 
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ํผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋งŽ์€ ์ง‘๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜๋ฌด์™€ ์งš๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ€์—ฐ์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
These building materials were prohibitedย  because of a history of large fires in the city,ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ• ์ž์žฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ํ™”์žฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธˆ์ง€
03:52
but the cheap materials were stillย  used by many people despite this.ย ย 
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๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ์ž์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Thirdly, it had not rained in Londonย  for 10 months so the city was very dry.ย ย 
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์…‹์งธ, ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ 10 ๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑด์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
Finally, there was a strong wind which blew theย  flames quickly towards London Bridge. All of theseย ย 
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋ถˆ๋ฉด์„œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋ถˆ๊ธธ์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“ 
04:10
conditions made it easy for the fire to spreadย  quickly and difficult to get it under control.ย 
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์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฒˆ์ง€๊ณ  ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
The fire brigade tried desperately to extinguishย  the flames using water but they were unsuccessful.ย ย 
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์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€๋Š” ํ•„์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถˆ์„ ๋„๋ ค๊ณ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
This was made particularly difficult by Londonโ€™sย  narrow streets, meaning that they did not haveย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ์ข์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํŠนํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰
04:30
the space for the equipment to be effective.ย  Unfortunately, in 1666 we did not know asย ย 
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, ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ์  ์ผ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ 1666 ๋…„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:36
much about how to stop a fire as we know today.ย  The fire lasted for 4 days and burned down overย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” 4 ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
04:45
13,000 homes, 87 churches and many famousย  buildings including St Paulโ€™s Cathedral.ย ย 
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13,000 ์ฑ„ ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์ฃผํƒ, 87 ์ฑ„์˜ ๊ตํšŒ ๋ฐ ์„ธ์ธํŠธ ํด ๋Œ€์„ฑ๋‹น์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ๋ถˆ์— ํƒ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:53
Many people fled by boat on the Riverย  Thames to get away from the flames.ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™”์—ผ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ…œ์Šค ๊ฐ•์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ์•„๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Eventually, a plan was suggested to blow up anย  area of houses and buildings in the fireโ€™s pathย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ํผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ณ  ์ง„์•• ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™”์žฌ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผํƒ๊ณผ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ํญํŒŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์ œ์•ˆ
05:05
to prevent it from spreading and to put it out.ย ย 
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๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Gunpowder was used to destroy thoseย  buildings and by the next morning,ย ย 
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ํ™”์•ฝ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ์•„์นจ์—
05:13
the fire had finally stopped. More than 70,000ย  people were made homeless as a result of the fire.ย ย 
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 7 ๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
Six people were recorded as dead. Itโ€™s thoughtย  that many more people lost their lives in theย ย 
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6 ๋ช…์ด ์‚ฌ๋ง ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•จ
05:27
flames as historians claim that the deaths ofย  poorer people would not have been recorded.ย 
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์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ถˆ๊ธธ๋กœ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ๋‹ค ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:34
The most famous text we can use to learn about theย  Great Fire of London is the diary of Samuel Pepys,ย ย 
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ํŒŒ๊ดด ๋œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”
05:41
who could see much of the destructionย  from his home, which was not affected.ย 
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Samuel Pepys์˜ ์ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:46
The fire continues to influence the City of Londonย  hundred of years later. Many houses were rebuiltย ย 
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ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ํ›„์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์‹œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋ž˜์— ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฒˆ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
05:52
using brick instead of wood to preventย  fires spreading so rapidly in the futureย ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ์ง‘๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ฒฝ๋Œ ๋กœ ์žฌ๊ฑด๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:57
and a large monument was erected in the cityย ย 
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, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ
06:00
to remember the Great Fire of London,ย  which can still be seen today.
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์œ„ํ•ด ๋„์‹œ์— ํฐ ๊ธฐ๋…๋ฌผ์ด ์„ธ์›Œ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:05
So thatโ€™s the end of thisย  lesson. What did you think?ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์ด ๋ ˆ์Šจ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
06:08
Did you find it difficult? Was it interesting toย  learn about history? Let me know in the commentsย ย 
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์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ ๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์˜ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€
06:14
whether you liked this new style of lesson and ifย  you did, I will make more videos just like this.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  , ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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