English Addict Ep 345 -๐Ÿ”ดLIVE stream / Wed 26th FEBRUARY 2025 / Join the LIVE lesson & Learn English

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2025-02-27 ใƒป English Addict with Mr Duncan


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English Addict Ep 345 -๐Ÿ”ดLIVE stream / Wed 26th FEBRUARY 2025 / Join the LIVE lesson & Learn English

1,874 views ใƒป 2025-02-27

English Addict with Mr Duncan


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

04:07
It is nice to be back with you once again.
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ๅ†ใณใ‚ใชใŸใจใ”ไธ€็ท’ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:11
So lovely to have your company today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใˆใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฌ‰ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
04:16
We have bright weather, sunlight,
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ๅคฉๆฐ—ใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใใ€ๅคช้™ฝใฎๅ…‰ใŒๅทฎใ—ใ€
04:21
blue skies, and lots of other nice things happening as well.
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็ฉบใฏ้’ใใ€ใใฎไป–ใซใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใชใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:26
Everything around is looking rather nice.
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ๅ‘จใ‚Šใฎใ™ในใฆใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Š่‰ฏใ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:28
We have eight Celsius today here in England.
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐ—ๆธฉใŒ8ๅบฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:33
For those wondering what the temperature is.
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ๆฐ—ๆธฉใŒใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใ‹ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
04:35
We are back together again.
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็งใŸใกใฏใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:36
English Addict is with you once more coming to you live from the birthplace of the English language.
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English Addict ใŒใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ†ใณ็”Ÿๆ”พ้€ใงใŠๅฑŠใ‘ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:44
We all know where it is. You do. I do.
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็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:48
We all do.
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ใฟใ‚“ใชใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:49
Of course it is.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:51
England. And.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€‚
05:06
There is a lot going on around here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ“ใฎ่พบใ‚Šใงใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:09
I don't know why. There are lots of strange sounds.
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็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ ๅค‰ใช้ŸณใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:14
Lots of
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05:15
powerful aircraft flying over the house all morning.
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ๅˆๅ‰ไธญใšใฃใจใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅผทๅŠ›ใช่ˆช็ฉบๆฉŸใŒๅฎถใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:22
Lots of fighter jets have been flying over the house.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆˆฆ้—˜ๆฉŸใŒๅฎถใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:26
So if you hear some strange sounds, if they sound, or if the sounds appear to be thunder, I can assure you it is not.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช้ŸณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ€ ้›ทใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้ŸณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้›ทใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ–ญ่จ€ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:38
Aeroplanes are flying by.
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้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใŒ้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:40
And of course, my new little friend as well.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅฐใ•ใชๅ‹้”ใ‚‚ใ€‚
05:44
My lovely little pheasant at the moment.
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ไปŠใฎ็งใฎๅฏๆ„›ใ„ๅฐใ•ใชใ‚ญใ‚ธใ€‚
05:50
He's actually outside my studio window. You might hear him
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ๅฝผใฏๅฎŸใฏ็งใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใฎ็ช“ใฎๅค–ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใ€…ๅฝผใฎๅซใณๅฃฐใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
05:55
screeching now and again.
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ใ€‚
05:58
Anyway, my name is Mr. Duncan.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:02
I talk about the English language.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:04
You might say that I am an English addict.
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็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:08
I love English very much.
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็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
06:10
You may have noticed over the past 18 years I like to talk a lot about the English language.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€็งใŒ้ŽๅŽป 18 ๅนด้–“ใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:19
So that is me.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใงใ™ใ€‚
06:21
That is what I do.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎไป•ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:23
And I hope you are having a good Wednesday.
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่‰ฏใ„ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:27
This is the final.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆฑบๅ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:30
The last English addict.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใ€‚
06:35
In February.
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2ๆœˆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:38
So the next time I'm with you live, it will be March.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงใŠไผšใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ3ๆœˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:42
Oh my goodness, I don't know why.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใชใœใ ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
06:45
2025 seems to be flying by.
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2025ๅนดใฏใ‚ใฃใจใ„ใ†้–“ใซ้ŽใŽๅŽปใฃใฆใ„ใใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:52
It is going by very fast and I don't know why I really don't.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ—ฉใ้ŽใŽใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใชใœใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใ‹ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:58
So we have sunshine today. Everything looking rather nice.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆ™ดใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Š่‰ฏใ•ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:03
If you were watching on Sunday, you will remember that we were talking about something that happened to Mr.
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ่ฆ–่ดใ—ใฆใ„ใŸๆ–นใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
07:12
Steve.
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ใ€‚
07:14
Something rather unpleasant.
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธๅฟซใชใ“ใจใ€‚
07:16
He had a near-death experience when a large tree fell and almost, almost
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ๅคงใใชๆœจใŒๅ€’ใ‚Œใฆใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–
07:29
squashed Mr.
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ๆฐใŒใปใผๆŠผใ—ใคใถใ•ใ‚Œใใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏ็€•ๆญปใฎไฝ“้จ“ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
07:30
Steve flat.
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ใ€‚
07:33
And I thought yesterday I thought I would go and have a look at the tree
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ใใ—ใฆๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏๅ€’ใ‚ŒใŸ ๆœจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€
07:38
that fell just to see for myself how bad it was.
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ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฒใฉใ„็Šถๆ…‹ใ ใฃใŸใฎใ‹่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็›ฎใง็ขบใ‹ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
07:46
And I have to say I was rather surprised at what I found.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒ็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใซใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ฉšใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:52
Take a look at this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:55
So this is the tree that fell.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ€’ใ‚ŒใŸๆœจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:57
Huge tree.
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ๅทจๅคงใชๆœจใ€‚
08:00
A very large tree that fell.
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ๅ€’ใ‚ŒใŸ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใชๆœจใ€‚
08:03
And this is the tree that fell just as Mr.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ้€šใ‚Šใ‹ใ‹ใฃใŸใจใใซๅ€’ใ‚ŒใŸๆœจใงใ™
08:06
Steve was passing by.
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ใ€‚
08:10
And as you can see,
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€
08:13
had Steve been walking a few seconds earlier.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใฏๆ•ฐ็ง’ๅ‰ใซๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:17
He would have been squashed flat.
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ๅฝผใฏๆŠผใ—ใคใถใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
08:20
And there I am, having a close look.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใใ“ใซใ„ใฆใ€่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:23
And you can see just how large that tree is.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎๆœจใŒใ„ใ‹ใซๅคงใใ„ใ‹ใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:27
So imagine that crashing down upon your head.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ ญใซๆฟ€ใ—ใ่ฝใกใฆใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:34
I don't think it would end very well.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„็ตๆžœใซใฏใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:38
We will see a little bit more of this on Sunday when Mr.
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใซๆฅใŸใจใใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉณใ—ใ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
08:42
Steve is actually with us in the studio. So just to show
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ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
08:47
how severe it could have been.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉๆทฑๅˆปใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:51
Something severe, something bad, something serious that happens, we can describe it as severe.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ๆทฑๅˆปใชใ“ใจใ€ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ๆทฑๅˆปใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œๆทฑๅˆปใ€ใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:03
So I would say that Mr.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
09:04
Steve escaped a very horrible
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฏ้žๅธธใซๆใ‚ใ—ใ„็ตๆœซใ‚’ๅ…ใ‚ŒใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:09
ending. That's all I can say.
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ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใฏใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:12
It was very windy.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚้ขจใŒๅผทใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๅนดใฏใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒžใ‚นใฎ็›ดๅ‰ใจใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒžใ‚นๅพŒใ€ใ“ใ“
09:14
We've had some incredibly windy weather over the past few months, just before Christmas last year and then after Christmas.
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ๆ•ฐใ‹ๆœˆ้–“ใ€ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใปใฉ้ขจใฎๅผทใ„ๅคฉๅ€™ใŒ็ถšใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
09:25
And then just as the new year started, we we've had lots of wind.
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ใใ—ใฆๆ–ฐๅนดใŒๅง‹ใพใฃใŸ้€”็ซฏใ€้ขจใŒๅผทใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใฆใใฆไปฅๆฅใ€
09:30
I've never seen so many trees destroyed in this area ever since moving here.
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ใ“ใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใงใ“ใ‚ŒใปใฉๅคšใใฎๆœจใŒ็ ดๅฃŠใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
09:40
So lots of trees unfortunately, have been destroyed by the severe weather.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ๅŽณใ—ใ„ๅคฉๅ€™ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅคšใใฎๆœจใŒ็ ดๅฃŠใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“
09:47
We've been having over the past few weeks.
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ๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:51
And as you can see, or as you did say, a few moments ago, that particular tree
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅ…ˆใปใฉใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใฃใŸใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใฎๆœจใฏ
10:00
is the one that fell the other day when Mr.
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ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๆ•ฃๆญฉใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใซๅ€’ใ‚ŒใŸๆœจใงใ™
10:03
Steve was having his walk.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€
10:05
So that is what was responsible for Mr.
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10:10
Steve's rather unfortunate experience on Sunday.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใŸใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธๅนธใชๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:17
Anyway, he is okay.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ๅฝผใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
10:20
He will be with us on Sunday. And of course it will be March.
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ๅฝผใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“3ๆœˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:27
Can I just be honest with you?
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:31
This month has gone by very quickly.
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ไปŠๆœˆใฏใ‚ใฃใจใ„ใ†้–“ใซ้ŽใŽใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:33
I don't know why. I know what you're going to say, Mr. Duncan.
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็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:38
February is a short month, but it seems really, really short, to be honest with you.
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2ๆœˆใฏ็Ÿญใ„ๆœˆใงใ™ ใŒใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿญใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
10:46
Can I say hello to the live chat?
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:48
I wonder who was first here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅๆœ€ๅˆใซใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใŸใฎใฏ่ชฐใ ใฃใŸใฎใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
10:53
Oh. Very interesting.
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ใŠใŠใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
10:55
The champion is back at the top, everyone.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒ”ใ‚ชใƒณใŒใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใซ่ฟ”ใ‚Šๅ’ฒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:00
Vytas.
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ใƒดใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ฟใ‚นใ€‚
11:09
Congratulations, Vytas
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ใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€Vytas ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:11
You are first on today's live chat.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธ€็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚
11:15
And then we have Beatriz second place.
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ใใ—ใฆ2ไฝใฏใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
11:20
And then we have. Who else is here?
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไป–ใซ่ชฐใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
11:22
Oh, of course, by the way, thank you very much for your lovely email and also the link to the video that you sent earlier.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€็ด ๆ•ตใชใƒกใƒผใƒซใจ ใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ้€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ„ใŸใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใธใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:34
Of course, I am saying hello right now to Luis Mendes
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ไปŠใ“ใ“ใงใ”ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™
11:42
is here today.
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ใ€‚
11:44
Hello Luis, thank you very much for the lovely video link that you sent me with some beautiful floral images of Amsterdam.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒ ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒซใƒ€ใƒ ใฎ็พŽใ—ใ„่Šฑใฎ็”ปๅƒใŒๅ…ฅใฃใŸ็ด ๆ•ตใชใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:56
I've never been to Amsterdam during the height
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็งใฏใ€่ŠฑใŒๅ’ฒใไนฑใ‚Œใ‚‹่Šฑ่ฆ‹ใฎใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ฏใฎๆ™‚ๆœŸใซใ‚ขใƒ ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒซใƒ€ใƒ ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
12:02
of the floral displays, when all the flowers come out.
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ใ€‚
12:08
I've never been.
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ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:09
During that period I have been to Amsterdam, but I've never seen for myself the beautiful flowers.
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ใใฎๆœŸ้–“ไธญใซใ‚ขใƒ ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒซใƒ€ใƒ ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€็พŽใ—ใ„่Šฑใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็›ฎใง่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไธ€
12:17
It is a place that is rather nice to go to certain times of the year.
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ๅนดใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚ๆœŸใซ่จชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใซใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:22
You can see all the flowers, all the tulips.
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ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹่Šฑใ€ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:29
Very famous for its tulips.
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ใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใงใจใฆใ‚‚ๆœ‰ๅใงใ™ใ€‚
12:34
Amsterdam is very famous for it.
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ใ‚ขใƒ ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒซใƒ€ใƒ ใฏใใ‚Œใงใจใฆใ‚‚ๆœ‰ๅใงใ™ใ€‚
12:36
Hello to.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
12:38
Oh, hello to Palmira.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
12:41
Hello to wrestle, attack, wrestle.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ€‚
12:46
I remember growing up.
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ๆˆ้•ทใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:48
My grandparents used to be crazy about wrestling.
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็งใฎ็ฅ–็ˆถๆฏใฏใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใซๅคขไธญใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:56
They used to show it on television during a Saturday afternoon.
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ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒใซใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใงๆ”พๆ˜ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:00
And my grandparents absolutely loved watching the wrestling.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎ็ฅ–็ˆถๆฏใฏใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:07
So this was British wrestling.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:11
Not like the American wrestling, which is very much
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใฏใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆผ”ๅŠ‡็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ€ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใฎใจใฏ้•ใ„ใพใ™
13:17
a rather theatrical thing.
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ใ€‚
13:20
A lot of people say that wrestling is fake.
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ใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใฏๅฝ็‰ฉใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธ–ใฎไธญใฎ
13:24
I'm not saying anything because I don't want to offend all of those wrestling fans
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ใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณๅ…จๅ“กใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงไฝ•ใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
13:29
out there, but my grandparents used to love watching the wrestling.
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็งใฎ็ฅ–็ˆถๆฏใฏใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:35
Basically
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏใ€
13:37
a couple of rather overweight men in their underpants wrestling each other on television,
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ใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ„ไธ€ไธใฎๅคชใฃใŸ็”ทใŸใกใŒ ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใงใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€
13:47
and people would become quite involved.
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่ฆณ่ก†ใฏๅคงใ„ใซ็››ใ‚ŠไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
13:50
They would have their favourite wrestler and they would always be one bad guy.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒฉใƒผใŒใ„ใฆ ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆ‚ช่€…ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:56
And every time the bad guy steps in to the wrestling ring, everyone would go crazy.
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ใใ—ใฆๆ‚ช่€…ใŒใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใซไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใŸใณใซใ€ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็‹‚ไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
14:04
They would show just how much they hated that particular wrestler.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒฉใƒผใ‚’ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๅซŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
14:10
So hello to India.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใซใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
14:13
Hello India.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใ€‚
14:14
Wrestle attack is watching in India.
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใงใฏใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐๆ”ปๆ’ƒใŒๆณจ็›ฎใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
14:19
Also we have a Giovani.
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒดใ‚กใƒณใƒ‹ใ‚‚ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:23
Hello everyone!
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใ‚“ใช๏ผ
14:24
How are things?
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่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ
14:25
Hi Mr.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€
14:26
Duncan, I followed your last stream on Sunday and I heard the story about Mr.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใƒปใ‚ธใƒงใƒดใ‚กใƒ‹ใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใŸ
14:33
Steve Giovani.
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ใ€‚
14:35
You were ill on Sunday.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:38
I hope you are feeling much better now.
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ไปŠใฏใ ใ„ใถๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:41
New wind Ken is here as well.
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ๆ–ฐ้ขจใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚‚็™ปๅ ดใ€‚
14:44
Watching in Vietnam.
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ใƒ™ใƒˆใƒŠใƒ ใง่ฆณๆˆฆไธญใ€‚
14:48
I know I have a lot of people watching in Vietnam.
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ใƒ™ใƒˆใƒŠใƒ ใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ็งใฎ็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:54
Many, many people
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้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ
14:57
wrestle attack.
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ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใจๆ ผ้—˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:58
So yes, I love watching the wrestling.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€็งใฏใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
15:01
Since 2010, I've been watching it.
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2010ๅนดใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:05
I don't watch it.
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่ฆ‹ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:06
I know in the United States wrestling
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใงใฏ
15:11
two men normally holding and trying to throw each other to the ground.
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ไบŒไบบใฎ็”ทใŒใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’ใคใ‹ใ‚“ใงๅœฐ้ขใซๆŠ•ใ’้ฃ›ใฐใใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๆ™ฎ้€šใ ใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:19
Quite often they will they will become
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15:24
intertwined with each other as they try to get the other person on the ground.
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็›ธๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅœฐ้ขใซๅ€’ใใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไบ’ใ„ใซ็ตกใฟๅˆใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:33
I think the idea with wrestling, I think you are supposed to pin
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ใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ่€ƒใˆๆ–นใฏใ€
15:38
pin the other person down on the ground for more than 10s.
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็›ธๆ‰‹ใ‚’10็ง’ไปฅไธŠๅœฐ้ขใซๆŠผใ—ๅ€’ใ™ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:44
I think I'm right there.
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ใพใ•ใซใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:46
I'm sure Wrestle Attack will tell me if I'm wrong.
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็งใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใฃใจWrestle AttackใŒๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็ง
15:51
Hello also too.
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ใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
15:53
Oh hello, Turkey.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒˆใƒซใ‚ณใ€‚
15:54
Hi, Turkey.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒˆใƒซใ‚ณใ€‚
15:55
It's nice to see you here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:57
Or should I say turkey?
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ไธƒ้ข้ณฅใจ่จ€ใ†ในใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
15:58
Hey, we have Black Eagle watching today.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒผใ‚ฐใƒซใŒ่ฆณๆˆฆใซๆฅใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
16:03
I don't know what's happening to my voice, by the way. My voice
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€็งใฎๅฃฐใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็งใฎๅฃฐใŒ
16:07
is behaving very strangely today.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅค‰ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
16:10
We have an interesting story
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้ข็™ฝใ„่ฉฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
16:15
today.
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ใ€‚
16:16
The story of stories.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ€‚
16:22
Do you like stories?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:24
Do you like reading stories?
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:27
Some people enjoy reading certain types of story.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจ
16:32
I suppose we could also say
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ใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
16:35
reading books.
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ใ€‚
16:37
So a book can have a story.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆœฌใซใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:41
It can have information.
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ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:42
It can give you some knowledge, some information that you need, perhaps for your job.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฟ…่ฆใช็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚„ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:50
I know perhaps, perhaps in the past, more people used books.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ๆ˜”ใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๆœฌใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:58
I know nowadays because we have the internet.
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ไปŠใฏใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:01
And now, of course, artificial intelligence people are now going to the internet more and more for their information.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไปŠใงใฏไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใฎไบบใ€…ใฏ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใพใ™ใพใ™ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:11
However,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
17:13
there are many good reasons why having a book
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ๆœฌใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใงใ‚ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
17:18
is a good idea.
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ใ€‚
17:20
I suppose because when you think about it, you can't rewrite a book.
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่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆœฌใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็›ดใ™ใ“ใจใฏใงใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:27
So if you have an information book, something giving you information, that book cannot be changed.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใใฎใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:35
So when you read the book, it will give you certain information in a particular way.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใจใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงๆไพ›ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
17:43
However, if you go on the internet, you might find there are many, many
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซใฏๆ•ฐๅคšใใฎใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
17:48
versions of that particular information.
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ใ€‚
17:54
Some of it might be correct, some of it might be incorrect,
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ไธ€้ƒจใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไธ€้ƒจใฏไธๆญฃ็ขบใ€
18:01
false,
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่™šๅฝใ€
18:03
fake.
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ๅฝ็‰ฉใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:04
So one of the reasons why I do I always feel reassured when I look at a book and of course, I suppose you might say, but Mr.
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็งใŒๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€็†็”ฑใฎไธ€ใคใฏใ€ ๆœฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฎ‰ๅฟƒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใงใ‚‚
18:15
Duncan, things do change.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
18:18
So maybe if you buy a book with lots of information in the actual book itself, you might find over time that information will change.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆœฌ่‡ชไฝ“ใซๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆœฌใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒใคใซใคใ‚Œใฆใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:31
Maybe it will be updated.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆœฌ
18:34
Maybe you have a scientific book with lots of information in the actual book, but perhaps some of those things have changed over time.
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ใซใฏๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒ่จ˜่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ง‘ๅญฆๆ›ธใ‚’ใŠๆŒใกใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใใฎไธ€้ƒจใฏๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:45
So yes, there is a good reason for not having old books to read.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ชญใ‚€ในใๅคใ„ๆœฌใŒใชใ„ใฎใซใฏใ€็ขบใ‹ใซๅๅˆ†ใช็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
18:52
And there is also a good reason for maybe looking for information on the internet.
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ใพใŸใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใงๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใฎใซใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅๅˆ†ใช็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
18:58
I suppose it depends where you go, where you go for your information, where do you get
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ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใ‹ใ€ ใฉใ“ใงๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ‹ใ€ใฉใ“
19:07
your information from?
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:10
So we are talking about stories.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
19:14
We are talking about books, and we will be looking
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็งใŸใกใฏๆœฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
19:20
at the different types of stories as well.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
19:26
Yes. Mr. Duncan, do you know don't say it too loud.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅคงใใชๅฃฐใง่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใญใ€‚
19:29
It is hard to believe, but I have got that horrible, vile virus.
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ไฟกใ˜้›ฃใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏใ‚ใฎๆใ‚ใ—ใไธ‹ๅŠฃใชใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใซๆ„ŸๆŸ“ใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
19:35
The horrible, disgusting one.
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ๆใ‚ใ—ใใ€ๆฐ—ๆŒใกๆ‚ชใ„ใ‚„ใคใ€‚
19:40
I wonder which one you mean.
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
19:43
Because at the moment there are lots of horrible viruses going around the world.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใฏไธ–็•Œไธญใงๅคšใใฎๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใŒ่”“ๅปถใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:48
Anyway, Giovanni, I hope you are feeling better.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒณใƒ‹ใ€ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
19:52
I'm just wondering now which virus it is.
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ไปŠใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใชใฎใ‹ๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:56
Is it the dreaded corona virus?
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ‚ณใƒญใƒŠใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใงใ™ใ‹? ๅคšๅˆ†
20:00
Perhaps?
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๏ผŸ
20:03
If you do have that, I hope you are feeling well very, very soon.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ๆ—ฉใไฝ“่ชฟใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ฅˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:08
Get well soon, please.
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ๆ—ฉใ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
20:10
I don't like to think of my lovely YouTube viewers being unwell.
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็งใฎๆ„›ใ™ใ‚‹ YouTube ่ฆ–่ด่€…ใŒไฝ“่ชฟใ‚’ๅดฉใ™ใชใ‚“ใฆ่€ƒใˆใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:15
I have to say.
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่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:17
Can I also say hello to Claudia?
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใซใ‚‚ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
20:19
Claudia is not feeling very well as well.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ‚‚ไฝ“่ชฟใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:24
Can you believe it?
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
20:25
What is happening to you all? Can everyone please stop becoming ill?
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹? ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใฉใ†ใ‹็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
20:30
So Claudia at the moment is on holiday.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใฏ็พๅœจไผ‘ๆš‡ไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
20:34
But sadly she's. She's fallen ill.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†ใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใŸใ€‚
20:37
Unfortunately.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€‚
20:38
So please, Claudia, get well soon as well.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ๆ—ฉใ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
20:43
Apparently Giovanni says.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒณใƒ‹ใฏใใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:46
Oh no, Mr. Duncan, it is the winter bug.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ†ฌใฎ่™ซใงใ™ใ€‚
20:50
The one that you mentioned the other day. Oh, no, a virus.
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ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใŒใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใ ใ€‚
20:54
Yes, we have it here in the UK.
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ใฏใ„ใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:57
A lot of people at the moment are falling sick.
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็พๅœจใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:00
They are becoming ill because of norovirus.
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ใƒŽใƒญใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใฎใ›ใ„ใง็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใคใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
21:05
It is a horrible type of virus.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
21:08
And if you get it, well, let's just say you will be spending a lot of time on the toilet.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ๆ„ŸๆŸ“ใ—ใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใƒˆใ‚คใƒฌใง้•ทใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ™ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
21:17
That's all I can say.
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็งใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใฏใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
21:19
So I hope you get well soon.
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ๆ—ฉใ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
21:20
Giovanni, please, please get well soon.
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒณใƒ‹ใ€ใฉใ†ใ‹ๆ—ฉใ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
21:28
Who else is here today?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป–ใซ่ชฐใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
21:29
Christina. Hello, Christina.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚
21:31
I will be mentioning you a little bit later on.
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ๅพŒใปใฉใ‚ใชใŸใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—่งฆใ‚ŒใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:35
I will be talking about you later on.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใง่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:39
Oh, what is that all about, Mr. Duncan, I wonder?
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ไฝ“ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใชใ‚“ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“๏ผŸ
21:44
I did mention the pheasant at the start of today's live stream.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฎๅ†’้ ญใงใ‚ญใ‚ธใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:49
Because I have a new friend.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ‹้”ใŒใงใใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
21:53
Yes, it is an animal,
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใ™
21:56
but it is a lovely animal.
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ใŒใ€ๆ„›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
21:58
It is a very elegant animal.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ„ช้›…ใชๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
22:03
A rather friendly animal.
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใชๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใ 
22:07
If you haven't seen it, I will show it to you right now. You.
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ใ”่ฆงใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๆ–นใฏใ€ไปŠใ™ใใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใ€‚
24:34
And there it was, my newest friend.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซ็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ‹้”ใŒใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
24:40
In fact, he's outside in the garden right now, wandering around.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๅฝผใฏไปŠใ€ๅบญใฎๅค–ใ‚’ๆญฉใๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
24:47
My lovely little pheasant this morning.
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ไปŠๆœใฎ็งใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ใ‚ญใ‚ธใ€‚
24:50
By the way, I was up very early.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ—ฉใ่ตทใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
24:53
Not because I wanted to get up early, but because the pheasant was actually calling outside the house.
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ๆ—ฉ่ตทใใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใฏใชใใ€ ๅฎถใฎๅค–ใงๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ญใ‚ธใŒ้ณดใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:02
So I got out of bed.
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ใใ‚Œใง็งใฏใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
25:03
I went downstairs and the pheasant was in the garden and it came over the fence.
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้šŽไธ‹ใซ่กŒใใจใ€ใ‚ญใ‚ธใŒๅบญใซใ„ใฆ ใ€ๆŸตใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆœ้ฃŸใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ ใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ€ๅบญ
25:08
It jumped down
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25:12
the wall that is in my
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ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฃใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ้™ใ‚Šใฆ
25:13
garden and came running over because it knew that it was breakfast time.
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่ตฐใฃใฆๆฅใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
25:19
So I threw some food out for the pheasant.
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ใใ‚Œใง็งใฏใ‚ญใ‚ธใฎใŸใ‚ใซ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
25:23
And this now has become a regular thing.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใงใฏๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
25:26
It's happening every day.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๆฏŽๆ—ฅ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:28
So yesterday I actually fed the pheasant three times in the morning, in the afternoon, and then later on in the afternoon it came back again.
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ใใ‚Œใงๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ญใ‚ธใซๆœใจๅˆๅพŒใซ3ๅ›ž้คŒใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€ๅˆๅพŒ้…ใใซใพใŸๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
25:39
So I have a feeling that I may have started a new routine with this particular pheasant.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธใงๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒซใƒผใƒใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ไบˆๆ„ŸใŒใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
25:47
It is a beautiful bird.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็พŽใ—ใ„้ณฅใงใ™ใ€‚
25:50
It is not a peacock, but I can understand why some people might confuse that particular bird with a peacock,
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅญ”้›€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ชใ‚นใฎ็พฝใŒ้€šๅธธ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„ใฎใงใ€ไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้ณฅใ‚’ๅญ”้›€ใจๆททๅŒใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใ‚‚็†่งฃใงใใพใ™
25:59
because the feathers on the male are normally very long and.
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ใ€‚
26:05
But of course a peacock is much larger and the the tail opens out
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๅญ”้›€ใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅคงใใใ€ๅฐพใŒ้–‹ใ„ใฆ
26:12
into a beautiful display of all sorts of patterns and colours.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆจกๆง˜ใ‚„่‰ฒใฎ็พŽใ—ใ„ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:18
But yes, pheasants, there are many around here.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ญใ‚ธใฏ็ขบใ‹ใซใ“ใฎ่พบใ‚ŠใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
26:21
But this particular pheasant has become very friendly, which is unusual because normally they are not friendly.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚ญใ‚ธใฏๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
26:31
They are shy birds
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใฎ้ณฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ
26:35
for very good reasons.
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ใซใฏใ€ๅๅˆ†ใช็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:37
By the way, if you want to give me a like.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ˆใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใญใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:40
And if you want to subscribe to my YouTube channel because on my YouTube channel there are lots of video lessons,
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็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้Œฒ็”ปใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ
26:50
there are also lots of live streams that have been recorded.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใœใฒ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
26:57
So if you miss my live streams, don't worry, you can watch them again, including this one as well.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚‚ๅซใ‚ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ–่ดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
27:06
So if you want to give my live stream a lovely like and if you want to subscribe as well,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใซ็ด ๆ•ตใชใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Š ใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€
27:14
then you will never miss anything that I do ever again.
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็งใŒ่กŒใ†ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ™ใ“ใจใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:21
Thank you very much. I do appreciate it, I really do.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:26
And of course you can catch me twice a week Sunday and Wednesday 2 p.m.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€้€ฑใซ 2 ๅ›žใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใจๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒ 2 ๆ™‚ใซใŠไผšใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
27:34
UK time.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นๆ™‚้–“ใ€‚
27:36
Thank you very much for joining me.
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:38
I will be talking about an interesting subject today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:44
Stories, books,
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ๆœฌใ€
27:48
different types of things that can be read.
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่ชญใ‚ใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
27:52
You read a book, you might read a certain type of book.
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ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใจใใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:58
Perhaps you will refer to some sort of book with information.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’่จ˜่ผ‰ใ—ใŸๆœฌใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
28:05
The science book, the history book.
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็ง‘ๅญฆใฎๆœฌใ€ๆญดๅฒใฎๆœฌใ€‚
28:08
Maybe you are learning a new skill.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:10
Perhaps there is a book that can help you learn that new skill.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’็ฟ’ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคๆœฌใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
28:16
And of course, I suppose we should also mention text books as well.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:22
If you are learning a new subject, quite often you will have a text book.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„็ง‘็›ฎใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆ ๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:27
There are many great text books around for you to study from and also refer to as well.
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ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ‚็…งใ—ใŸใ‚Šใงใใ‚‹ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
28:38
Very nice.
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้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
28:39
In fact, can I say hello to who else is here?
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎๆ–นใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
28:43
I don't want to miss anyone out.
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่ชฐใ‚‚่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใ€‚
28:45
If I forget anyone, I always become very upset.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ‹•ๆบใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:51
Can I say hello to fan? Fan turn.
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ€‚
28:55
Who says thank you for your dedication?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Œฎ่บซใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ‚’่จ€ใ†ไบบใฏใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
28:59
You are welcome. Thank you very much.
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:01
This year it is my 19th year
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ไปŠๅนดใง
29:07
doing this on YouTube.
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YouTubeใซๅ‡บๆผ”ใ—ใฆ19ๅนด็›ฎใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
29:10
Why? I hear you ask why, Mr.
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ใชใœ๏ผŸ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใชใœใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใจ่žใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
29:13
Duncan, do you do it because I like it. Because I love doing it.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๅฅฝใใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
29:18
And I hope I can continue doing it for a very long time to come.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใšใฃใจใใ‚Œใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:24
So today we are looking at stories.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
29:28
Stories you might read in a book.
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ๆœฌใง่ชญใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†ใช็‰ฉ่ชžใ€‚
29:31
Maybe you will hear a story being told.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใŒ่ชžใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
29:36
Maybe a person will tell you an interesting story about something that happened to them.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸไฝ•ใ‹้ข็™ฝใ„่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
29:43
For example, on Sunday, Mr.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ
29:45
Steve was telling us all about his moment of drama
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฒใฉใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใใฎใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒžใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใช็žฌ้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ็งใŸใกใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
29:52
when something terrible happened.
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ใ€‚
29:55
So there are many ways of expressing story.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
29:59
We will be looking at that in a couple of moments from now.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
32:04
I'm a big boy now.
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ๅƒ•ใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅคงใใช็”ทใฎๅญใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
32:58
English addict is with you today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:01
I hope you are having a good one.
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่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
33:05
It is myself, Mr. Duncan.
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็งใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:07
I am still with you.
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็งใฏใพใ ใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:08
And we have a subject to talk about today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
33:14
Have you ever heard of the phrase well, read a person who is well read.
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ใ‚ˆใ่ชญๆ›ธใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ‚ˆใ่ชญใ‚€ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
33:19
We often describe that person as someone knowledgeable.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใใใฎไบบใ‚’็Ÿฅ่ญ˜่ฑŠๅฏŒใชไบบใ ใจ่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:24
May be a person who has read lots and lots of books, maybe information books,
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ ๆœฌใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑๆœฌใ€
33:30
maybe encyclopaedias, maybe they are a person who likes to absorb lots of information.
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็™พ็ง‘ไบ‹ๅ…ธใชใฉใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใใŸไบบใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅธๅŽใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
33:38
We might often describe that person as well.
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็งใŸใกใ‚‚ใใฎไบบใฎใ“ใจใ‚’้ ป็นใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
33:44
Read.
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่ชญใ‚€ใ€‚
33:45
Talking of which, we are looking at the subject of stories today.
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ใใ†ใ„ใˆใฐใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใจใ„ใ†ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
33:53
A good story.
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ใ„ใ„่ฉฑใ ใ€‚
33:55
We are looking at stories. We are looking at types of stories.
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็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:00
And of course I will be showing you some of the books that I like to read and refer to.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ็งใŒใ‚ˆใ่ชญใ‚“ใงๅ‚่€ƒใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆœฌใ‚‚ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:09
So I will be showing you some books from my own collection a little bit later on as well.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅพŒใปใฉ็ง่‡ช่บซใฎใ‚ณใƒฌใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‹ใ‚‰ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆœฌใ‚‚็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
34:18
Can I say hello to silver?
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ใ‚ทใƒซใƒใƒผใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
34:21
Hello, silver.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ทใƒซใƒใƒผใ€‚
34:22
Don't worry, you haven't missed today's live stream.
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:27
It is still going on so do not panic. Do not worry.
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ใพใ ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงๆ…Œใฆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
34:32
We are looking at good stories.
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็งใŸใกใฏ่‰ฏใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:35
Of course, a good story isn't necessarily a happy story.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่‰ฏใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใฏๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅนธใ›ใช็‰ฉ่ชžใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:43
There are lots of different types of stories that exist.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:46
Some of them don't have to be happy stories. They might be unhappy stories.
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ใใฎไธญใซใฏๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅนธใ›ใช่ฉฑใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธๅนธใช่ฉฑใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
34:51
They might be sad stories.
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ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„่ฉฑใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
34:54
So a good story we often refer to as an a story that is entertaining or interesting.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่‰ฏใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใจใฏใ€้ข็™ฝใใฆ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
35:03
Perhaps a story is a recounted moment or an imagined situation, either written or told.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็‰ฉ่ชžใจใฏใ€ ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Š่ชžใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆ่ชžใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ็žฌ้–“ใ‚„ๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎ็Šถๆณใฎๅ†็พใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
35:14
A record of an event might be recalled as a story.
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ๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใฎ่จ˜้Œฒใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใจใ—ใฆๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:20
So the word story does cover quite a lot of ways of expressing a certain thing,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ถฒ็พ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
35:29
a certain situation, to recount something.
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ใ€‚
35:35
If you recount something, it means you think back, you recall something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใฃใฆๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:42
So a story can be written and it can be spoken as well,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใฏๆ›ธใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ใ—ใ€่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
35:48
maybe an experience you had recently or many years ago.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚„ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๅ‰ใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:54
You might recount that story.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:58
You might talk about a certain moment of time from your past and then you will tell that as a story.
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้ŽๅŽปใฎใ‚ใ‚‹็žฌ้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’็‰ฉ่ชžใจใ—ใฆ่ชžใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:07
So quite often, something that is a moment of time,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็žฌ้–“ใฎใ“ใจใ€
36:13
something that has occurred, or maybe even an experience that you've had in the past
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่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซ็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใงใ•ใˆใ€
36:19
can be described as a story or a record of an event,
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚„ๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใฎ่จ˜้Œฒใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚’
36:26
might be recalled as a story to recall, to recount
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ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซ็‰ฉ่ชžใจใ—ใฆๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
36:35
an experience from your past.
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ใ€‚
36:39
A story is written or is told.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Š่ชžใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:42
You can write down a story.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
36:45
You can tell a story.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
36:47
Quite often you can do both.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ไธกๆ–นใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
36:50
So maybe something that has been written can also be read.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚่ชญใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:54
You can read out the story.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
36:57
You write a story. You tell a story.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:00
You recount a story.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:04
A certain experience will be recounted in the form of a story.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ไฝ“้จ“ใ‚’็‰ฉ่ชžใฎๅฝขใง่ชžใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:11
So we are often talking about a certain thing, a certain moment of time.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็žฌ้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
37:17
And quite often we will try to express that story in an interesting, clear, vivid way.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใใ€ๆ˜Ž็ขบใงใ€็”Ÿใ็”Ÿใใจใ—ใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กจ็พใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:29
In fact, we often talk about people who are very good at telling stories.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใฎใŒไธŠๆ‰‹ใชไบบใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:34
Some people are very good, naturally good at telling stories, whilst other people are not.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅพ—ๆ„ใงใ€็”Ÿใพใ‚ŒใคใไธŠๆ‰‹ใชไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ† ใงใชใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:41
So you can write a story, tell a story, or recount a story from the past.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
37:50
There are different types of story.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:55
You can have the novel, a novel,
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ๅฐ่ชฌใ€้•ท็ทจๅฐ่ชฌใ€
38:00
you can have a tale,
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ€
38:02
you can have a saga.
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ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใชใฉใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:06
You can also express a story through an allegory.
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ๅฏ“่ฉฑใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
38:12
These all have certain themes or a particular writing style.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–‡ไฝ“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:18
They all have a certain theme, a certain construction, the way they are put together,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆง‹ๆˆใ€ ็ต„ใฟ็ซ‹ใฆๆ–นใ€
38:25
the way they are written, and of course the things they contain as well.
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ๆ›ธใๆ–นใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ†…ๅฎนใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:31
That is the reason why stories are always so different from each other, because of the way in which they are written.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๅธธใซไบ’ใ„ใซ็•ฐใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใใฎ ๆ›ธใๆ–นใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
38:40
When we look at a novel, a novel is a created story
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ๅฐ่ชฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฐ่ชฌใฏ
38:45
featuring complex situations and is often lengthy.
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่ค‡้›‘ใช็Šถๆณใ‚’ๆใ„ใŸๅ‰ตไฝœ็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้•ทใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
38:52
It is a long story, so quite often a novel is a long story
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ๅฐ่ชฌใฏ้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
39:00
containing lots of different situations taking place, normally also featuring lots of different characters.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็ŠถๆณใŒ ๅฑ•้–‹ใ•ใ‚Œใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:11
A long fictitious story involving many situations and characters
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ๅคšใใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚„็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹้•ทใ„ๆžถ็ฉบใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใฏใ€ๅคšใ
39:17
is often described as a novel, a long story
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ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฐ่ชฌใ€ใคใพใ‚Š้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎ็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
39:25
featuring many, many characters.
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ใ€‚
39:29
Famous novels include well, I'm sure you know some of these.
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ๆœ‰ๅใชๅฐ่ชฌใซใฏใ€ใพใ‚ใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:33
Don Quixote going way back to the 17th century that was written To Kill a mockingbird,
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17 ไธ–็ด€ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ€Žใƒ‰ใƒณใƒปใ‚ญใƒ›ใƒผใƒ†ใ€ใฏใ€
39:41
a very famous story also made into a wonderful movie as well.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆœ‰ๅใช็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใซใ‚‚ใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:48
Jane. Oh.
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ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒณใ€‚ ใŠใŠใ€‚
39:51
Especially for the ladies.
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็‰นใซๅฅณๆ€งใฎๆ–นใซใ€‚
39:54
I know.
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39:54
I don't want to say that, but I suppose I will.
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็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
39:57
In fact, I have
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใฏ
39:59
Jane Eyre romantic stories Jane Eyre is the classic love story.
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ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒณใƒปใ‚จใ‚ขใฎใƒญใƒžใƒณใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใช็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒณใƒปใ‚จใ‚ขใฏๅคๅ…ธ็š„ใชใƒฉใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
40:09
And then, of course, in schools,
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅญฆๆ กใงใฏ
40:13
quite often
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40:15
certain stories or novels are talked about, they are read and then they are discussed.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚„ๅฐ่ชฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ ่ชญใพใ‚Œใ€่ญฐ่ซ–ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:22
And I suppose a very good example of that would be the great Gatsby,
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ใใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใฏใ€
40:29
if Scott Fitzgerald's famous story about, I suppose
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ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒปใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใƒ„ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒฉใƒซใƒ‰ใฎๆœ‰ๅใช็‰ฉ่ชžใ€Žใ‚ฐใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใƒปใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒ„ใƒ“ใƒผใ€ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
40:34
it is set in a certain period of time where lots of things were happening, lots of things were changing,
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ใ“ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใฏใ€ ๅคšใใฎๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใŸ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚ไปฃใ‚’่ˆžๅฐใซใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
40:41
and it is a story that is often taught in American schools.
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅญฆๆ กใงใ‚ˆใๆ•™ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
40:47
It was, of course, turned into a very long movie.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Ž
40:52
Which is why it is classed as a novel, because it is one of those long stories, The Great Gatsby.
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ใ‚ฐใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใƒปใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒ„ใƒ“ใƒผใ€ใฏ้•ท็ทจๅฐ่ชฌใฎไธ€ใคใชใฎใงใ€ๅฐ่ชฌใจใ—ใฆๅˆ†้กžใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
41:00
Have you ever read it?
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่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
41:04
Then we have a tale.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
41:06
Tale?
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็‰ฉ่ชž๏ผŸ
41:08
A tale is a fantasy story with imagined events
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็‰ฉ่ชžใจใฏใ€
41:14
normally involving strange creatures and fantastic events.
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้€šๅธธใ€ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช็”Ÿใ็‰ฉใ‚„ๅนปๆƒณ็š„ใชๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใ‚’ไผดใ†ๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใ‚’ๆใ„ใŸใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ธใƒผ็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
41:21
Normally things that are slightly odd, strange, bizarre,
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้€šๅธธใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ€ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ€ๅค‰ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€
41:29
maybe a certain situation involving
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41:34
a person who may or may not be in danger.
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ๅฑ้™บใซใ•ใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใใ†ใงใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ไบบ็‰ฉใŒ้–ขใ‚ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎ็Šถๆณใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
41:38
So I'm sure we can think of many tales.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใฃใจใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๆ€ใ„ๆตฎใ‹ใถใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
41:44
A fairy tale, a story often told to children.
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็ซฅ่ฉฑใ€ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซใ‚ˆใ่ชžใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใ€‚
41:49
So a fairy tale is a type of story aimed at young people
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใŠใจใŽ่ฉฑใฏ่‹ฅ่€…ใ‚’ๅฏพ่ฑกใจใ—ใŸ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ‚ใ‚Š
41:57
quite often, fairy tales will have some sort of message contained within them.
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ใ€ ใใฎไธญใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:04
Trust.
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ไฟก้ ผใ€‚
42:08
Being brave or heroic.
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ๅ‹‡ๆ•ขใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏ่‹ฑ้›„็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
42:12
Fairy tales.
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ใŠใจใŽ่ฉฑใ€‚
42:15
The beautiful princess
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็พŽใ—ใ„็Ž‹ๅฅณๆง˜
42:19
and other things like that.
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ใจใ‹ใ€ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
42:23
The tale
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42:25
we often talk of tales of old fictional stories from the past that are not true.
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็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ™็‰ฉ่ชžใฏใ€ ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„้ŽๅŽปใฎๅคใ„ๆžถ็ฉบใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
42:33
Something fictional is untrue.
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ๆžถ็ฉบใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
42:38
It has been said or written, but it is not based on anything that actually happened.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
42:46
It is fictional fiction is created, made up.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆžถ็ฉบใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‰ตไฝœใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:53
A tale can also be a fantasy story.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใฏใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ธใƒผ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็‰นใซ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎๅคงใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใซ
42:57
I'm sure you can think of many fantasy stories that have been written, especially if you are a big fan
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ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ธใƒผ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆ•ฐๅคšใๆ€ใ„ๆตฎใ‹ในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™
43:04
of certain types of story.
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ใ€‚
43:09
Snow white is a very good example of a tale, maybe even a fairy tale.
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็™ฝ้›ชๅงซใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใŠใจใŽ่ฉฑใฎ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Ž
43:18
Jack in the Beanstalk is another one.
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ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใจ่ฑ†ใฎๆœจใ€ใ‚‚ใใฎใฒใจใคใงใ™ใ€‚
43:21
I remember reading that it school
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็งใŒ
43:25
in my early days at primary school,
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ๅฐๅญฆๆ กไฝŽๅญฆๅนดใฎ้ ƒใ€ๅญฆๆ กใงใ€Œใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใจ่ฑ†ใฎๆœจใ€ใฎ
43:29
we would often read
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43:30
stories with some sort of dramatic plot
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒžใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใชใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่ชญใ‚“ใ ใฎใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
43:36
Jack and the Beanstalk.
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ใ€‚
43:38
And then, of course, I suppose you could describe Robin Hood and his Merry Men.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ใƒญใƒ“ใƒณใƒปใƒ•ใƒƒใƒ‰ใจใใฎไปฒ้–“ใŸใกใซใคใ„ใฆๆๅ†™ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
43:47
There are people who believe that Robin Hood was a real person.
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ใƒญใƒ“ใƒณใƒปใƒ•ใƒƒใƒ‰ใฏๅฎŸๅœจใฎไบบ็‰ฉใ ใฃใŸใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
43:55
He is what we call a legend.
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ๅฝผใฏใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ไผ่ชฌใฎไบบ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
43:59
The legend of Robin Hood.
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ใƒญใƒ“ใƒณใƒ•ใƒƒใƒ‰ใฎไผ่ชฌใ€‚
44:06
Then we have a fable.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅฏ“่ฉฑใŒ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
44:07
Now, I didn't mention this earlier, but I'm going to mention it. Fable.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅ…ˆใปใฉใฏ่งฆใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใง่งฆใ‚ŒใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฏ“่ฉฑใ€‚
44:13
When we talk about fables, we are talking about a short story with a moral message contained within it,
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ๅฏ“่ฉฑใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ใใฎไธญใซ้“ๅพณ็š„ใชใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Ÿญใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:22
a story used to teach a life lesson or to give moral guidance can be described as a fable.
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ไบบ็”Ÿใฎๆ•™่จ“ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใŸใ‚Š ใ€้“ๅพณ็š„ใชๆŒ‡้‡ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใฏๅฏ“่ฉฑใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
44:31
Quite often fairy tales told to children are also fables as well.
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ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซ่ชžใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŠใจใŽ่ฉฑใฏๅฏ“่ฉฑใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
44:41
Moving on.
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ๆฌกใธ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
44:45
Then we have a saga.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
44:48
Sagas.
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ใ‚ตใ‚ฌใ€‚
44:50
A saga
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ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใจใฏ
44:51
is a long story, normally involving one hero or many characters over a long period of time.
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้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้€šๅธธใฏ 1 ไบบใฎไธปไบบๅ…ฌ ใพใŸใฏ้•ทใ„ๆœŸ้–“ใซใ‚ใŸใ‚‹ๅคšๆ•ฐใฎ็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:00
So when you think of a saga, it is a story that stretches over a long period of time,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ทใ„ๆœŸ้–“ใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ็ถšใ็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใ
45:09
often with different generations of the same family.
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ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅŒใ˜ๅฎถๆ—ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ไธ–ไปฃใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๅฑ•้–‹ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
45:13
So you might have a long story involving
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
45:19
lots of characters, but also maybe those characters are all related in some way,
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ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใฏ็š†ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใง้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
45:26
and the story is all about their lives.
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็‰ฉ่ชžใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไบบ็”Ÿใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
45:33
Sagas
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ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใซ
45:35
include Lord of the rings.
449
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ใฏใ€Žใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใƒปใ‚ชใƒ–ใƒปใ‚ถใƒปใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Ž
45:38
Lord of the rings is a saga.
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ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใƒปใ‚ชใƒ–ใƒปใ‚ถใƒปใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใฏใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใงใ™ใ€‚
45:41
It is a long story.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ทใ„่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
45:43
And of course you do have a central character the hero and his journey.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไธญๅฟƒใจใชใ‚‹ไบบ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ไธปไบบๅ…ฌใจๅฝผใฎๆ—…ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:50
Quite often a saga will involve that type of character.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใซใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒฉใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:57
Then we have roots.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใซใฏใƒซใƒผใƒ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:58
A very famous story concerning slavery.
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ๅฅด้šทๅˆถๅบฆใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹้žๅธธใซๆœ‰ๅใช่ฉฑใ€‚
46:03
Then we have Norse saga, The Hero's Journey.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๅŒ—ๆฌง็ฅž่ฉฑใฎใ€Ž่‹ฑ้›„ใฎๆ—…ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
46:08
These are the classic sagas.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅคๅ…ธ็š„ใชใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใงใ™ใ€‚
46:13
In fact, you might say that that is where the word was originally used.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ‚‚ใจใ‚‚ใจใใ“ใงไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้ ใ„ๆ˜”ใฎ
46:17
When we are talking about Norse heroic stories
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ๅŒ—ๆฌงใฎ่‹ฑ้›„็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ
46:25
from the distant past,
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ใ€
46:28
then we have an allegory.
461
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ๅฏ“่ฉฑใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
46:30
Allegory is a story created to represent a type of teaching, or to convey a moral lesson.
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ๅฏ“่ฉฑใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎๆ•™ใˆใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€้“ๅพณ็š„ใชๆ•™่จ“ใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ ใ€‚
46:40
When we talk about morals, we are talking about the right way to do something, the correct way to do something,
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้“ๅพณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€
46:49
something that has morals, a moral story,
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้“ๅพณใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ€้“ๅพณ็š„ใช็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใ€
46:56
a story that is giving advice or maybe teaching a lesson,
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๆ•™่จ“ใ€
47:04
a life lesson, even
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ไบบ็”Ÿใฎๆ•™่จ“ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใฏ
47:07
biblical stories.
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่–ๆ›ธใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:08
We often think of stories that are written in religious text as quite often taking on some sort of message.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€ๅฎ—ๆ•™็š„ใชใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใŒ่พผใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
47:18
They are trying to give meaning.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
47:23
They are often based as an allegory.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฏ“่ฉฑใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
47:28
Moral lessons, and of course the word I mentioned earlier, a fable as well.
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้“ๅพณ็š„ใชๆ•™่จ“ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๅ…ˆใปใฉ่จ€ใฃใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใ€ๅฏ“่ฉฑใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
47:36
Fable.
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ๅฏ“่ฉฑใ€‚
47:39
As a saga.
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ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใจใ—ใฆใ€‚
47:41
Yes, you are right.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
47:43
Star Wars is a saga.
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚บใฏใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ฌใงใ™ใ€‚
47:47
It is a long running story
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ใใ‚Œใฏ
47:50
which takes takes place over a long period of time.
477
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้•ทใ„ๆœŸ้–“ใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ็ถšใใ€้•ทๆœŸใซใ‚ใŸใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
47:53
So yes, you are right.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
47:55
Well done Christine.
479
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ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ€‚
47:57
You are right with that one.
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ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใญใ€‚
48:01
A story might be short and
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48:05
or cut
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48:07
to allow the reader to absorb its meaning faster.
483
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่ชญ่€…ใŒ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ—ฉใ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใฏ็Ÿญใใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
48:12
So quite often if they read a story that is long,
484
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
48:17
a story that has a lot going on in the actual story itself,
485
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชž่‡ชไฝ“ใซๅคšใใฎๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใจใ€
48:25
it might be a little bit long and boring.
486
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ๅฐ‘ใ—้•ทใใฆ้€€ๅฑˆใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
48:28
So it is not unusual for certain stories to be short and
487
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒ็Ÿญใ„ใ“ใจใฏ็ใ—ใใชใใ€
48:34
we often describe those stories as being abridged.
488
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ฆ็ด„ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ็‰ฉ่ชžใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
48:40
If you abridge something, you shorten that thing.
489
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒ็Ÿญใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
48:45
You make it easier to understand.
490
2925098
3270
็†่งฃใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
48:48
A long story might be abridged.
491
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้•ทใ„่ฉฑใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:52
The version of that story is short.
492
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ใใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใฏ็Ÿญใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
48:56
It is much shorter
493
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1168
48:58
than it was originally.
494
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5905
ๅ…ƒใ€…ใฎ้•ทใ•ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใšใฃใจ็Ÿญใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆœ€่ฟ‘็งใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
49:06
I think I will show you some of the things that I like, looking at most of the books
495
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ๆœฌใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€็งใŒๅฅฝใใชใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:13
that I have nowadays, and many of the books that I look at on a daily basis tend to be information
496
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็งใŒๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆœฌใฎๅคšใใฏใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซ
49:24
based.
497
2964421
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ๅŸบใฅใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
49:25
So information books, books, encyclopaedias, maybe information about a certain topic or subject.
498
2965322
9092
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑๆ›ธใ€ๆ›ธ็ฑใ€็™พ็ง‘ไบ‹ๅ…ธใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚„ไธป้กŒใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
49:34
So I will give you an idea of the sorts of things that I have when I'm looking at books or when I'm referring
499
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8692
ใใ“ใงใ€็งใŒ ๆœฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใพใŸใฏๆœฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
49:44
to books.
500
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3187
ใ€‚
49:47
Here we go.
501
2987794
4771
ใ•ใ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚
49:52
Here's one.
502
2992565
834
ใ“ใ“ใซไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
49:53
I often look at this particular book.
503
2993399
2670
็งใฏใ“ใฎๆœฌใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:56
This is one that is very interesting all about the night sky,
504
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5906
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅคœ็ฉบใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€
50:02
and it gives you lots of information about the stars,
505
3002075
5905
ๆ˜Ÿใ€
50:08
the galaxies around us, and of course all the planets that surround us as well.
506
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็งใŸใกใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใฎ้Š€ๆฒณใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“็งใŸใกใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ›ฒใ‚€ใ™ในใฆใฎๆƒ‘ๆ˜Ÿใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
50:14
They all go around and around.
507
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2920
ใฟใ‚“ใชใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
50:17
And I don't know if you were out last night, did anyone see
508
3017140
4437
ๆ˜จๆ™ฉๅค–ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
50:22
the planets in the sky last night in the early evening?
509
3022528
4571
ๆ˜จๆ™ฉๅค•ๆ–นๆ—ฉใใซ็ฉบใฎๆƒ‘ๆ˜Ÿใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸไบบใฏใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
50:27
If you go outside, you can actually see some of the planets very close to each other in the sky.
510
3027099
6857
ๅค–ใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใจใ€็ฉบใง้žๅธธใซๆŽฅ่ฟ‘ใ—ใŸใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆƒ‘ๆ˜Ÿใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
50:34
I think at the moment there are around seven of them, seven planets all visible,
511
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็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใฏใ€ 7 ๅ€‹ใปใฉใฎๆƒ‘ๆ˜ŸใŒใ™ในใฆ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
50:41
although I think for maybe three of them you have to have a telescope, which at the moment I don't have.
512
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ใŒใ€ใใฎใ†ใก 3 ๅ€‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใซใฏ ๆœ›้ ้กใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:48
So this is a very interesting book if you want to refer to maybe where certain stars are situated
513
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9609
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซ ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ˜ŸใŒใฉใ“ใซไฝ็ฝฎใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๆœฌใงใ™ใ€‚
50:59
at certain times.
514
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51:02
So there is something very interesting.
515
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้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
51:04
It gives you the positions of the stars at certain times or certain points of the year.
516
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7341
็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚็‚นใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹ๆ˜Ÿใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
51:12
So you can go outside into the garden, you can look up and you know exactly what you are looking at and where abouts those things are.
517
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅบญใซๅ‡บใฆ่ฆ‹ไธŠใ’ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
51:24
This is a pretty interesting subject and one
518
3084506
4722
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
51:29
that never fails to blow my mind.
519
3089228
3320
ใ„ใคใ‚‚็งใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:32
If I was honest with you.
520
3092548
4237
ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†
51:36
Here's another one.
521
3096785
1101
ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
51:37
I'm sure you know what this particular book is all about. You.
522
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5906
ใ“ใฎๆœฌใŒไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ€ใใฃใจใ”ๅญ˜ใ˜ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใ€‚
51:44
Oh, Mr.
523
3104159
851
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€
51:45
Duncan, yes, we know you like birds very much, I do, I love birds, and this is one of my favourite books that I often refer to
524
3105010
10077
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ณฅใŒใŠๅฅฝใใชใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใ‚‚ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚้ณฅใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆœฌใฏ็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎๆœฌใฎไธ€ใคใงใ€ใ‚ˆใๅ‚็…งใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚้ณฅใ€็‰นใซใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎ้ณฅ
51:55
because it has lots of information about
525
3115837
5522
ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
52:01
birds, British birds.
526
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3721
ใ€‚
52:05
So these are all the birds that you will see.
527
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2986
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹้ณฅใฎใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
52:08
You will find around Britain.
528
3128066
5189
ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นๅ„ๅœฐใง่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:13
And all of my favourite birds are in here.
529
3133255
5905
็งใฎๅฅฝใใช้ณฅใŸใกใ‚‚ใฟใ‚“ใชใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:19
I wonder if the pheasant is in here.
530
3139778
3653
ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ญใ‚ธใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใชใ€‚
52:23
I haven't planned this so I'm going to see if I can find the pheasant.
531
3143431
5906
ใพใ ่จˆ็”ปใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ญใ‚ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹่ชฟในใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
52:31
I bet I can, there.
532
3151690
2452
ใใฃใจใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
52:34
Let's see. Let's go to the back.
533
3154142
2786
่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅพŒใ‚ใธ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
52:36
So if you are trying to find something in a book, quite often you will look at the back of the book in the
534
3156928
6306
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœฌใฎไธญใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๆœฌใฎๅพŒใ‚ใฎ็ดขๅผ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
52:44
index.
535
3164402
2035
ใ€‚
52:46
So I will look at the index and I will try to find pheasant.
536
3166437
5906
ใใ‚Œใงใ€็ดขๅผ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ‚ญใ‚ธใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
52:53
Oh, page 55.
537
3173228
3003
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€55ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ€‚
52:56
Apparently page 55 is the pheasant.
538
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4938
ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰55ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใฏใ‚ญใ‚ธใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:01
Let's have a look, shall we?
539
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4321
่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
53:05
Oh yes. Look at that.
540
3185490
1835
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€‚
53:07
There it is.
541
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1351
ใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
53:08
Lovely pheasant.
542
3188676
1285
ๅฏๆ„›ใ„ใ‚ญใ‚ธใ€‚
53:09
The pheasant.
543
3189961
5889
ใ‚ญใ‚ธใ€‚
53:16
There is the male and the one at the back, that is the female.
544
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3870
ใใ“ใซใ‚ชใ‚นใŒใ„ใฆใ€ๅพŒใ‚ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใƒกใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
53:19
So the female pheasant and the male pheasant are very different from each other.
545
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒกใ‚นใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธ ใจใ‚ชใ‚นใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธใฏไบ’ใ„ใซ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
53:25
They look very different in appearance.
546
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่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใฏ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:35
And yes, you do find them quite often in this area.
547
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใงใฏใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:38
So around this area there are lots and lots of pheasants.
548
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ใ“ใฎ่พบใ‚Šใซใฏใ‚ญใ‚ธใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:43
A good book. I love this book very much.
549
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่‰ฏใ„ๆœฌใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ“ใฎๆœฌใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
53:46
It is always a book that I love reading, even though I know some of the information in here, I still love reading it.
550
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ใ“ใฎๆœฌใฏ็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใฎไธ€้ƒจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
53:55
I love the pictures and I love all the information.
551
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ๅ†™็œŸใ‚‚ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚‚ใ™ในใฆๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
53:59
And of course many of the birds in this book. I've never seen
552
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใฎๆœฌใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ้ณฅใ‚‚็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ็‰ฉใฏ่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใชใ„ใงใ™
54:05
in real life.
553
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ใ€‚
54:07
So it does give you a chance to find out about the birds that you might not see normally.
554
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ™ฎๆฎตใฏ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„้ณฅใซใคใ„ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
54:15
As you know, I love travelling and can I say a big thank you to Christina
555
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ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ ็งใฏๆ—…่กŒใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใŒ
54:23
who sent this lovely book all about the place in which she lives.
556
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ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชๆœฌใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใซๅฟƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:29
Isn't that great? Genoa in Italy?
557
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใฎใ‚ธใ‚งใƒŽใƒ๏ผŸ
54:33
And I have to say, once again, a very interesting book with lots of information
558
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑ
54:40
and beautiful colour photographs as well.
559
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ใจ็พŽใ—ใ„ใ‚ซใƒฉใƒผๅ†™็œŸใŒๆŽฒ่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๆœฌใงใ™ใ€‚
54:45
As you know, I love travelling and that book is one that I have looked at many, many times.
560
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ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€็งใฏๆ—…่กŒใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใง ใ€ใใฎๆœฌใฏไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚่ชญใ‚“ใ ๆœฌใงใ™ใ€‚
54:55
One of the problems with some books is if you look at them too often, they start to fall to pieces.
561
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ไธ€้ƒจใฎๆœฌใฎๅ•้กŒใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ ป็นใซ่ฆ‹ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใƒใƒฉใƒใƒฉใซใชใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
55:02
I do have some books that I've read so many times.
562
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ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚่ชญใ‚“ใ ๆœฌใ‚‚ไฝ•ๅ†Šใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
55:05
All of the pages have started to fall out, which isn't very good when you think about it.
563
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ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใŒใ™ในใฆๆŠœใ‘่ฝใกๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:15
I don't know why, but this morning
564
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ใชใœใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€ไปŠๆœ
55:16
I accidentally picked up this this morning, so I was collecting some books.
565
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ๅถ็„ถใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‹พใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸ ใฎใงใ€ๆœฌใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
55:24
But I also picked up this by accident.
566
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅถ็„ถๆ‹พใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
55:29
So this is not a book.
567
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:30
This is actually a DVD of Mind Your Language, which is a TV show all about a teacher
568
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใฏใ€ŒMind Your Languageใ€ใฎ DVD ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
55:38
who is teaching a group of foreign students, teaching them how to speak English.
569
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ๅค–ๅ›ฝไบบใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ๆ•™ๅธซใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใงใ™ใ€‚
55:46
It is a very funny TV show, but it is not a book.
570
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้ข็™ฝใ„ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆœฌใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:52
I don't know why I picked this up.
571
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ใชใœใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‹พใฃใŸใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
55:55
Anyway,
572
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ใ„ใšใ‚Œใซใ›ใ‚ˆใ€
55:56
it gives me a chance to actually show it to you, which is always good.
573
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
56:01
Continuing what we were talking about, some stories in the past are now being censored.
574
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ๅ…ˆใปใฉ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฎ็ถšใใงใ™ใŒใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒ ็พๅœจๆคœ้–ฒใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
56:11
This has become quite a hot topic in the past.
575
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซใ‹ใชใ‚Š่ฉฑ้กŒใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
56:17
Some stories written in the past are now being censored or edited
576
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้ŽๅŽปใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎไธญใซใฏใ€็พๅœจใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆคœ้–ฒใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Š็ทจ้›†ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
56:22
so as not to offend certain groups of people in the present.
577
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ใ€‚
56:28
Now, so there are certain stories, certain books, and they are addressing
578
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ใ•ใฆใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆœฌใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆ‰ฑใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
56:37
particular topics.
579
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ใ€‚
56:39
Some of those topics might be sensitive issues.
580
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎไธญใซใฏใƒ‡ใƒชใ‚ฑใƒผใƒˆใชๅ•้กŒใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
56:44
They might have things occurring in those books or in those stories that might upset certain people.
581
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆœฌ ใ‚„็‰ฉ่ชžใฎไธญใซใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅ‹•ๆบใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
56:53
And of course, there might be stories that have been made up.
582
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไฝœใ‚Š่ฉฑใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
56:57
They are fiction
583
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
56:59
that may or may not be true.
584
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็œŸๅฎŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
57:04
Something that has been made up, something that has been created.
585
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ไฝœใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ€ๅ‰ต้€ ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
57:08
So some stories now, or maybe what is happening at the moment
586
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ็พๅœจใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใง่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใฎใงใ™ใŒ
57:14
here in the UK, many stories are actually now having warnings put
587
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ใ€ๅคšใใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎๆœฌใฎ่กจ็ด™ใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ญฆๅ‘ŠใŒๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
57:21
on the front of the book.
588
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ใ€‚
57:23
So before you read the book, there is a warning telling you
589
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ๅ‰ใซใ€
57:29
that certain things in this book
590
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2302
ใ“ใฎๆœฌใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใฎไธ€้ƒจใŒ
57:31
may be upsetting or they might offend you.
591
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅ‹•ๆบใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Šไธๅฟซใซใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่ญฆๅ‘ŠใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
57:37
And I'm not sure how I feel about that, because a book that was written
592
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5889
ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฉใ†ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
57:43
maybe 50 years ago or 100 years ago, or even 150 years ago,
593
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€50ๅนดๅ‰ใ€100ๅนดๅ‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ150ๅนดๅ‰ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸๆœฌใงใฏใ€
57:51
the things happening in that book, of course, will not relate to the present day,
594
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ใใฎๆœฌใง่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“็พไปฃใจใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€
57:57
but they are still interesting to read, even though many of the things in the in the book have now passed by.
595
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ๆœฌใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎๅคšใใฏใ™ใงใซ้ŽใŽๅŽปใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚่ชญใ‚€ใฎใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
58:05
Maybe things we don't think anymore, or things we don't believe in, or maybe attitudes from the past.
596
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ‚‚ใ†่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใชใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:14
However, I think it is still worthwhile.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:17
It is still valuable to keep those things as they were, because it gives you a reference to the past.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใใฎใพใพไฟๅญ˜ใ—ใฆใŠใใ“ใจใฏใ€ ้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:27
It gives you a very clear understanding of what people thought and how they how they behaved in the past.
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ไบบใ€…ใŒ้ŽๅŽปใซไฝ•ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กŒๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚’้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
58:36
So I do think
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
58:38
that censoring stories, editing famous books,
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆคœ้–ฒใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆœ‰ๅใชๆœฌใ‚’็ทจ้›†ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
58:46
or in some cases just warning people about them
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใŸใ ไบบใ€…ใซ่ญฆๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€
58:51
might might not be a good idea.
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่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจ็งใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:56
Many school students will read certain stories as part of their English literature class curriculum.
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ๅคšใใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใฏใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžๆ–‡ๅญฆใฎๆŽˆๆฅญใฎใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ญใƒฅใƒฉใƒ ใฎไธ€็’ฐใจใ—ใฆ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
59:05
It is true.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
59:06
I remember when I was at school, when I was at school, we did read a couple of well-known stories.
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็งใŒๅญฆ็”Ÿใ ใฃใŸ้ ƒใ€ ใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:12
We read Lord of the flies at school.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅญฆๆ กใงใ€Ž่ …ใฎ็Ž‹ใ€ใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
59:16
We did that as part of one of our English literature exam, so we had to read the book.
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็งใŸใกใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๆ–‡ๅญฆใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎไธ€็’ฐใจใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ ใใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใพใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
59:25
Then we had to write an essay about the book itself and what we learnt from the book.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใฎๆœฌใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจใ€ ใใฎๆœฌใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
59:30
So a very good example of a story that also is an allegory.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฏ“่ฉฑใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใฎ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
59:37
It is giving a sort of message,
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59:40
not a very nice story, by the way,
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใ€Ž่ …ใฎ็Ž‹ใ€ใฏใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ„ใ„่ฉฑใงใฏใชใ„ใŒใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ไผใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹
59:44
Lord of the flies.
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ใ€‚
59:47
Of course,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆ•™่‚ฒใงใ‚ˆใๅ‚็…งใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹
59:49
there are many authors, many people who wrote or write books
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่‘—่€…ใ‚„ใ€ๆœฌใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚Šๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใพใ™
59:56
who are often referred to in teaching.
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ใ€‚
60:01
For example, Dickens, Charles Dickens is often referenced
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚บใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒซใ‚บใƒปใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚บใฏใ€
60:07
or referred to when talking about literature, stories.
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ๆ–‡ๅญฆใ‚„็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใ่จ€ๅŠใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
60:13
He was, of course, a great storyteller.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฝผใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่ชžใ‚Šๆ‰‹ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
60:19
And then, of course, we have the Bronte sisters with all of their,
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒ–ใƒญใƒณใƒ†ๅง‰ๅฆนใฎไฝœๅ“ใซใฏใ€
60:25
I would say, their romantic stories finding the right man, losing your love,
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็†ๆƒณใฎ็”ทๆ€งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ„›ใ‚’ๅคฑใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€
60:34
finding yourself wandering alone.
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ไธ€ไบบใงใ•ใพใ‚ˆใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใฃใŸใ€ใƒญใƒžใƒณใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใช็‰ฉ่ชžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
60:41
Then of course, we have Mark Twain quite often.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใƒณใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:45
He is studied in the USA, in American schools.
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ๅฝผใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅญฆๆ กใงๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:49
Quite often they will talk a lot about Mark Twain, of course, his famous characters, Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ ๅฝผใฎๆœ‰ๅใช็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒˆใƒ ใƒปใ‚ฝใƒผใƒคใƒผใ‚„ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒซใƒ™ใƒชใƒผใƒปใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:59
Now we actually read that story.
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ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
61:04
We read Huckleberry Finn at school for one of our literature exams.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅญฆๆ กใงๆ–‡ๅญฆใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€Žใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒซใƒ™ใƒชใƒผใƒปใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใ€ใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
61:11
A very interesting story, one of those stories that may or may not be a little bit out of date,
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้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ™‚ไปฃ้…ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„่ฉฑใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
61:18
because some of the language in that story is not.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎ่ฉฑใฎไธญใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏๆ™‚ไปฃ้…ใ‚Œใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
61:25
Well, it's not politically correct nowadays.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใงใฏๆ”ฟๆฒป็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
61:28
Let's just say Samuel Clemens, by the way, was his real name one of those wonderful trivia questions that a lot of people ask
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใ‚ตใƒŸใƒฅใ‚จใƒซใƒปใ‚ฏใƒฌใƒกใƒณใ‚นใฎๆœฌๅใฏใ€ ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๅฝผใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„้›‘ๅญฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎ 1 ใคใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
61:39
him? Was Samuel Clemens better known as.
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? ใ‚ตใƒŸใƒฅใ‚จใƒซใƒปใ‚ฏใƒฌใƒกใƒณใ‚นใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
61:45
And now you can say Mark Twain, that's who.
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใƒณใ ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
61:51
Do you like to read?
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่ชญๆ›ธใฏๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆญฃ็›ดใซ
61:54
I have to say, I do like reading, although
635
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่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฏ่ชญๆ›ธใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ใจใฏใ„ใˆ
61:59
and I'm being honest, although a lot of the reading that I do nowadays is online,
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ใ€ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏใƒใƒƒใƒˆ
62:08
I do often read things on the internet, stories,
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ใง่ชญใ‚€ใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅคšใใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚„
62:13
maybe biographies about a famous person, maybe some historical information.
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ๆœ‰ๅไบบใฎไผ่จ˜ใ€ ๆญดๅฒ็š„ใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใชใฉใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:24
Quite often I will read it online.
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ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใง่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
62:27
One of my pieces of advice that I would give a piece of advice for you.
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซไธŽใˆใŸใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฎไธ€ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
62:31
Now, if you are looking for information about something on the internet, I always suggest that you look in more than one place.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใงไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€็งใฏๅธธใซ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงๆŽขใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:40
So maybe you can go to one website or one place that has the information, and then maybe look somewhere else for the same information.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ 1 ใคใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใพใŸใฏ 1 ใคใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงๆŽขใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
62:53
And then if there is a difference,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€
62:56
at least it gives you a chance to make up your own mind.
644
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ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใงๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ๆฉŸไผšใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
63:02
It might confuse you,
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ๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
63:05
but I think it is a very good way of making sure that the thing
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63:10
you are learning, or the thing you are reading has some
647
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5906
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ
63:16
facts contained within it.
648
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3487
ไบ‹ๅฎŸใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:19
So there are many different types of story you can have.
649
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3687
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
63:23
Fiction. Fiction is made up.
650
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3420
ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
63:27
It is created, it doesn't really exist.
651
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4021
ใใ‚Œใฏไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใชใ„ใ€‚
63:31
Fiction.
652
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1651
ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚
63:32
Then we have factual.
653
3812761
2736
ๆฌกใซไบ‹ๅฎŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
63:35
Factual relates to things that are real or true.
654
3815497
4738
ไบ‹ๅฎŸใฏ็พๅฎŸใพใŸใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใฎไบ‹ๆŸ„ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:40
Maybe something that is documenting a press event.
655
3820235
4955
ใŠใใ‚‰ใใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่จ˜้Œฒใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
63:45
Something happened in the past, it is factual.
656
3825190
5506
้ŽๅŽปใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏไบ‹ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
63:50
And then of course we have biography.
657
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3036
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ไผ่จ˜ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
63:53
When we talk about biographies, we are talking about the story of a person's life.
658
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5706
ไผ่จ˜ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบ็‰ฉใฎไบบ็”Ÿใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
63:59
I am very interested in biographies.
659
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4488
็งใฏไผ่จ˜ใซใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
64:03
I do like reading about other people's lives, especially people who have a certain amount of success in their lives.
660
3843926
9726
็งใฏไป–ใฎไบบใฎไบบ็”Ÿใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ ็‰นใซไบบ็”Ÿใงใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฎไบบ็”Ÿใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
64:14
It is always interesting to find out what happened in their past.
661
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3820
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
64:19
How did they go from that point to that point?
662
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5939
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใฎๅœฐ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใใฎๅœฐ็‚นใพใง่กŒใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
64:25
How did they go from perhaps having a very difficult childhood
663
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5822
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชๅนผๅฐ‘ๆœŸใ‹ใ‚‰
64:31
to having success?
664
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2753
ๆˆๅŠŸใ‚’ๅŽใ‚ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
64:33
That journey is quite often an interesting one, and that is what normally
665
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7107
ใใฎๆ—…ใฏใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไผ่จ˜ใง ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€
64:42
a biography will explain a person's life story.
666
3882731
5889
ไบบ็‰ฉใฎไบบ็”Ÿใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
64:48
Then of course, we have history.
667
3888787
1968
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏๆญดๅฒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
64:50
A lot of people like looking at history, recent history.
668
3890755
5906
ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏๆญดๅฒใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎๆญดๅฒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
64:56
War is always a very popular topic.
669
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3236
ๆˆฆไบ‰ใฏๅธธใซ้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹่ฉฑ้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
65:00
I've noticed.
670
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1235
ๆฐ—ไป˜ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
65:01
If you ever put the television on and you start flicking around the channels on your TV, you will find there are many,
671
3901416
9843
ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆ ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๆ›ฟใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€
65:11
many documentaries about the war, first World War and Second World War
672
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8726
ๆˆฆไบ‰ใ€็ฌฌไธ€ๆฌกไธ–็•Œๅคงๆˆฆใ€็ฌฌไบŒๆฌกไธ–็•Œๅคงๆˆฆใ€
65:21
and all the people involved in those particular points of time.
673
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6323
ใใ—ใฆใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚ๆœŸใซ้–ขใ‚ใฃใŸใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใ€…ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฅใƒกใƒณใ‚ฟใƒชใƒผใŒๆ•ฐๅคšใใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
65:28
Then of course we have science.
674
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2335
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“็ง‘ๅญฆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
65:31
Oh yes, I like science very much.
675
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3921
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็งใฏ็ง‘ๅญฆใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
65:34
When I was a kid, I used to always read science books.
676
3934966
4037
ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใฎ้ ƒใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚็ง‘ๅญฆใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
65:39
I always had a science book in front of me, quite often biology.
677
3939003
5906
็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚็›ฎใฎๅ‰ใซ็ง‘ๅญฆใฎๆœฌใ€็‰นใซ็”Ÿ็‰ฉๅญฆใฎๆœฌใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
65:45
I was fascinated by biology, biology,
678
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5255
็งใฏ็”Ÿ็‰ฉๅญฆใ€็”Ÿ็‰ฉๅญฆใ€
65:52
how all of this works,
679
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3720
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
65:56
and all of the parts that go together to make it work.
680
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5906
ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŒๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ•ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซ้ญ…ไบ†ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
66:02
So. So there are many different types of story, many different types of book.
681
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6507
ใใ‚Œใงใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎๆœฌใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
66:09
I suppose when you think about it,
682
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3003
่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚Œใฐใ€
66:12
the most basic, of course, factual and fiction, things that are not true, things that have been created
683
3972787
8241
ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไบ‹ๅฎŸใจใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎ
66:21
and things that are true or they are based in reality.
684
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6005
ใจ็œŸๅฎŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ็พๅฎŸใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:29
I will be going in a moment.
685
3989887
2219
ใ™ใใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใ
66:32
I've just realised I did not realise that it's 3:07 o'clock, nearly.
686
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5889
3ๆ™‚7ๅˆ†ใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซไปŠๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
66:38
Goodness me, today's lesson has gone by very quickly.
687
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3654
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ‚ใฃใจใ„ใ†้–“ใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
66:41
I hope you have enjoyed today's live stream.
688
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3987
ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:45
Whatever you are doing this afternoon, perhaps you will be reading a book.
689
4005869
4271
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
66:50
Maybe you are reading a book right now.
690
4010140
2336
ใŸใถใ‚“ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
66:52
Maybe there is something you are studying in a book to help you learn.
691
4012476
6023
ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคๆœฌใงๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
66:59
Thank you very much for your company.
692
4019550
2319
ไปŠๅพŒใจใ‚‚ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
67:01
Guess what?
693
4021869
951
ไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ†๏ผŸ
67:02
We are back on Sunday from 2 p.m.
694
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4437
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒ2ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
67:07
UK time. Mr. Steve of course will be here.
695
4027257
3937
ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นๆ™‚้–“ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
67:11
No doubt he will be talking all about his rather unpleasant experience last week
696
4031194
6774
้–“้•ใ„ใชใ ๅฝผใฏๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฎใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธๅฟซใช็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ—
67:19
and of course, I hope you will be here as well on Sunday because we will all be together.
697
4039052
7825
ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใฏ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
67:27
The English addicts will all be joining together again, so I hope you can join me on Sunday.
698
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7057
่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใฏใพใŸๅ…จๅ“ก้›†ใพใ‚‹ ไบˆๅฎšใชใฎใงใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใœใฒๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
67:35
This is Mr.
699
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684
67:35
Duncan in the birthplace of the English language saying thank you for watching.
700
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5672
่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใซใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ” ่ฆ–่ดใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
67:41
See you later. Take care of yourselves.
701
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3120
ใพใŸๅพŒใงใ€‚ ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใญใ€‚
67:44
And of course, until the next time we meet here. Whatever you are doing.
702
4064728
5322
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆฌกใซใ“ใ“ใงไผšใ†ๆ™‚ใพใงใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ‚‚ใ€‚
67:50
Have fun. Enjoy yourself.
703
4070050
4921
ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
67:54
Perhaps you are going to sit down and read a book.
704
4074971
3320
ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅบงใฃใฆๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
68:00
Enjoy it.
705
4080994
1318
ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚ใ€‚
68:02
Whatever it is you are doing.
706
4082312
1768
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ‚‚ใ€‚
68:04
And of course, you know what's coming next.
707
4084080
2303
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ”ๅญ˜ใ˜ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
68:06
Yes you do.
708
4086383
1051
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
68:10
See you on Sunday.
709
4090203
1184
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
68:12
Ta ta for now.
710
4092355
1235
ใใ‚ŒใงใฏใพใŸใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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