What happens if you break international law? An animated explainer

28,528 views ใƒป 2021-12-17

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:04
Let's say you've broken international law.
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ๅ›ฝ้š›ๆณ•ใซ้•ๅใ—ใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:08
What next? Well, it depends.
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ๆฌกใฏไฝ•๏ผŸ ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไพๅญ˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
Quite often, nothing happens at all.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ไฝ•ใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:14
Pursuing justice takes time and money,
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ๆญฃ็พฉใ‚’่ฟฝๆฑ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใซ ใฏๆ™‚้–“ใจใŠ้‡‘ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
00:18
but sometimes things do happen.
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ใŒใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:22
Let's imagine you're a state that invades another.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅˆฅใฎ็Šถๆ…‹ใ‚’ไพต็•ฅใ™ใ‚‹็Šถๆ…‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
00:27
You've broken one of the most fundamental international laws
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœ€ใ‚‚ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชๅ›ฝ้š›ๆณ•ใฎ 1 ใคใ‚’็ ดใ‚Šใ€ไพต็•ฅ
00:31
and committed the crime of aggression.
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ใฎ็ฝชใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
00:35
You can expect sanctions
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ๅˆถ่ฃ
00:38
or maybe even military intervention.
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ใ‚„ใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ่ปไบ‹ไป‹ๅ…ฅใ•ใˆใ‚‚ๆœŸๅพ…ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:43
Now, let's say you're an individual
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
00:46
who's committed a war crime.
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ๆˆฆไบ‰็Šฏ็ฝชใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸๅ€‹ไบบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:49
You personally might be tried at an international court:
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ใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใŒๅ›ฝ้š›่ฃๅˆคๆ‰€ใง่ฃใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:54
this can take decades and requires the help of your own country.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏๆ•ฐๅๅนดใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‡ชๅ›ฝใฎๅŠฉใ‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
00:59
And what if you're an energy company
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผไผš็คพ
01:02
that has spilled oil in the sea around another country?
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ใงใ€ไป–ๅ›ฝใฎๆตทใซ็Ÿณๆฒนใ‚’ๆตๅ‡บใ•ใ›ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ‹?
01:08
Then this might be a case for private international law
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ›ฝ้š›็งๆณ•ใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ
01:13
and your company could face fines and punishment.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไผš็คพใฏ็ฝฐ้‡‘ใ‚„ๅ‡ฆ็ฝฐใซ็›ด้ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ .
01:18
International laws are sometimes broken
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ๅ›ฝ้š›ๆณ•ใฏ
01:21
because of the problem of effectively enforcing them,
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ใ€ๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใซๅŸท่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅ•้กŒใฎใŸใ‚ใซ็ ดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
01:25
but they're there to guide us
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ใพใ™ใŒ
01:28
for when things do go wrong.
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ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ใจใใซ็งใŸใกใ‚’ๅฐŽใใŸใ‚ใซใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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