Ukraine: A turning point?: BBC News Review

139,217 views ใƒป 2022-09-14

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Ukraine retakes 6,000 square kilometers
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ใ‚ผใƒฌใƒณใ‚นใ‚ญใƒผๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใฏ
00:03
of land from Russian forces, says President Zelensky.
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ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใŒใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ปใ‹ใ‚‰6,000ๅนณๆ–นใ‚ญใƒญใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใฎๅœŸๅœฐใ‚’ๅฅช้‚„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ่ฟฐในใŸใ€‚
00:07
This is News Review, from BBC Learning English.
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BBCใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:10
I'm Neil. And I'm Sian.
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็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใ‚ทใ‚ขใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
00:12
Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary about today's story.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:17
And don't forget to subscribe to our channel, like this video
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็งใŸใกใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ—ใ€
00:21
and try the quiz on our website.
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็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
00:23
Now, the story.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใ€‚
00:25
6,000 square kilometres. That's how much land
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6,000ๅนณๆ–นใ‚ญใƒญใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
00:30
the Ukrainian president says his soldiers have retaken
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใŒ ใ€ๅฝผใฎๅ…ตๅฃซใŒ
00:34
from Russian forces.
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ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ปใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฅช้‚„ใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅœŸๅœฐใฎๅบƒใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:36
Volodymyr Zelensky's figures can't be confirmed,
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Volodymyr Zelenskyใฎๆ•ฐๅญ— ใฏ็ขบ่ชใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
00:40
but Russia has admitted to losing key cities
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ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใฏๅ›ฝใฎๅŒ—ๆฑ้ƒจใฎ ไธป่ฆ้ƒฝๅธ‚ใ‚’ๅคฑใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ชใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:43
in the north-eastern region of the country.
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.
00:47
Russia invaded Ukraine in February
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ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใฏไปŠๅนด 2 ๆœˆใซใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใซไพตๆ”ปใ—
00:50
this year and still holds about a fifth of the country.
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ใ€็พๅœจใ‚‚ ๅ›ฝๅœŸใฎ็ด„ 5 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:55
You've been looking at the headlines, Sian.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใ€‚
00:57
What's the vocabulary?
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่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›ใฏ๏ผŸ
00:59
OK, we have a 'turning point', 'on the back foot' and 'cement'.
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OKใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ€ ใ€ŒๅพŒใ‚่ถณใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:05
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Let's have a look at our first headline. OK. This one is from The Financial Times.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒŠใƒณใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใƒปใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:24
According to The Financial Times,
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒŠใƒณใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใƒปใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจ
01:26
the war in Ukraine has reached a 'turning point'.
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ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠๅ†…ๆˆฆใฏ ใ€Œ่ปขๆ›็‚นใ€ใซ้”ใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:30
And that's the expression we are going to look at - 'turning point'.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใก ใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่กจ็พใงใ™ - ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ€‚
01:33
Now, the word 'turning' is connected to changes in direction.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆ›ฒใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏ ใ€ๆ–นๅ‘่ปขๆ›ใซใคใชใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:38
Is that sense the same here?
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ใใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:41
It is, so, as is often the case in this programme,
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ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใงใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹
01:45
we're talking about metaphorical language.
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:48
So, literally a turning point is the point in a road where you can stop
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใจใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Š ใ€้“ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚
01:53
and go in a different direction.
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ใฆๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๅ‘ใซ้€ฒใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:56
So, in this headline, and in common use,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใง ใฏใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ€ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€
01:59
we use it non-literally to talk about situations that are starting to change.
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ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใงใฏใชใไฝฟ็”จใ— ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:06
And the situation that has started to change,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผ ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸ็Šถๆณ
02:09
according to this headline writer,
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02:11
is that Ukrainian forces are taking land from Russian forces.
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠ่ป ใŒใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ปใ‹ใ‚‰ๅœŸๅœฐใ‚’ๅฅชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:16
And that's land that Russian forces took when they invaded
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ป ใŒใใฎๅนดใฎๅˆใ‚ใซใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใซไพตๆ”ปใ—ใŸใจใใซๅฅชใฃใŸๅœŸๅœฐใงใ™
02:19
Ukraine earlier in the year.
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ใ€‚
02:22
But this expression has a wider use.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใซใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅบƒใ„็”จ้€”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:23
It's not only about war, is it? That's right.
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ๆˆฆไบ‰ใ ใ‘ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
02:26
So, we use it to talk about moments in our life when things start to change
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡่ฆใชๆ–นๅ‘ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจใใฎไบบ็”Ÿใฎ็žฌ้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™
02:32
in a really important way. We often use it with the verb 'reach'.
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ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œๅˆฐ้”ใ€ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:36
So, you 'reach a turning point'.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใซๅˆฐ้”ใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:39
So, Neil. For example.
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€‚
02:40
You have children, right?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
02:42
I do. And that was a major turning point in my life.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ็งใฎไบบ็”Ÿใฎๅคงใใช่ปขๆฉŸใจใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:46
Everything changed. The direction of my life changed when I had kids.
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ใ™ในใฆใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅญไพ›ใŒใงใใฆไบบ็”Ÿใฎๆ–นๅ‘ๆ€งใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:50
And Neil used 'major' here, which is a common use.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ ใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ€Œใƒกใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:54
We often use 'major' with 'turning point'.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใใ€Œใƒกใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ€ ใ‚’ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:57
OK. Let's have a look at that again.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:06
Let's have a look at our next headline, please.
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ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
03:08
This one is from Sky News.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚คใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:21
The headline is saying that Russia is 'on the back foot',
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่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใŒ ใ€ŒๅพŒใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
03:24
and that's an expression that means 'at a disadvantage'
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ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€Œไธๅˆฉใช็ซ‹ๅ ดใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
03:28
or 'in a defensive position'.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ้˜ฒๅพก็š„ใช็ซ‹ๅ ดใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎ่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
03:30
And it comes from sport, doesn't it?
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
03:32
That's right.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
03:33
So this expression is from sport, probably
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พ ใฏใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„
03:36
or possibly cricket and if you're on the back foot,
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ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ ๆฅใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅพŒใ‚่ถณใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
03:39
your position is not ready to attack, your balance is ready to defend
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ใ€ใƒใ‚ธใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใŠใ‚‰ใš ใ€ใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใฏ้˜ฒๅพกใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆ
03:45
and that is the same as the meaning here, isn't it?
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
03:47
Yes. And so, by saying that Russia is 'on the back foot',
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใŒใ€ŒๅพŒใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบ‹ ใง
03:51
the headline writer thinks that they are less stable than before.
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ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผใฏ ไปฅๅ‰ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ไธๅฎ‰ๅฎšใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:56
Now, another version of that expression is 'caught on the back foot'.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใฎ่กจ็พใฎๅˆฅใฎใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณ ใฏใ€ŒๅพŒใ‚่ถณใซๅผ•ใฃใ‹ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:01
That's right. And that means someone is not prepared for something.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใ‹ ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
04:04
Yeah, and there are some other related expressions
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ใใ†ใใ†ใ€
04:09
with the word 'balance' this time.
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ไปŠๅ›žใฏใ€Œใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹่กจ็พใŒไป–ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:11
So, you can be 'caught off balance' or 'knocked off balance' and again
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅดฉใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅดฉใ—ใŸใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ
04:15
it's connected to being prepared.
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ใ‚‚ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:19
Have you got some examples of these expressions?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฎไพ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:21
Yes, I do, actually.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:22
So, when I was younger and not as reliable as I am now,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒ่‹ฅใ ใฆไปŠใปใฉ้ ผใ‚Šใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้ ƒ
04:27
I had a job interview and there was lots of traffic.
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ใ€ๅฐฑ่ทใฎ้ขๆŽฅใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒˆใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:30
So, I turned up late for the interview.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ง ใฏ้ขๆŽฅใซ้…ๅˆปใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:32
So, the interview started and I was already 'on the back foot'.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚Š ใ€็งใฏใ™ใงใซใ€ŒๅพŒใ‚่ถณใ€ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:37
Sounds like you were 'caught off balance'.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅดฉใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
04:40
I was and I didn't get the job.
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็งใฏใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:42
Oh, dear. Let's have a look at that again.
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ใพใ‚ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
04:51
Let's have our next headline, please.
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ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:53
OK. This is from Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏRadio Free Europe / Radio Libertyใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:09
And so this headline means that President Zelensky is asking
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏ ใ€ใ‚ผใƒฌใƒณใ‚นใ‚ญใƒผๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใŒ
05:13
for more sanctions, that's measures to hurt the Russian economy. Also arms,
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใชใ‚‹ๅˆถ่ฃใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข็ตŒๆธˆใซๆ‰“ๆ’ƒใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๆ‰‹ๆฎตใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใŒๆœ€่ฟ‘้”ๆˆใ—
05:19
that's weapons, to 'cement' the military gains that Ukraine has made recently.
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ใŸ่ปไบ‹็š„ๅˆฉ็›Šใ‚’ใ€Œๅ›บใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใŸใ‚ใฎๆญฆๅ™จใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๆญฆๅ™จ ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:26
We're looking at 'cement'.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
Now, 'cement', I know what that is.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ€็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:31
Yeah, it's building material.
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ใใ†ใ€ๅปบๆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:33
So, it's the grey stuff that you use to stick bricks together
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฎถใ‚’ๅปบใฆใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซใƒฌใƒณใ‚ฌใ‚’ใใฃใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็ฐ่‰ฒใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
05:37
if you build a house.
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ใ€‚
05:38
So, it's quite strong stuff.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚ŠๅผทๅŠ›ใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:41
Yeah. As you said, it's stuff.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹้€šใ‚Šใ€ใƒใ‚ฟใงใ™ใ€‚
05:44
But here, in this headline,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—
05:45
it's a verb - 'to cement'.
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ใงใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž - 'ใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๅ›บใ‚ใ‚‹' ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
But it carries the same meaning - to make something stronger.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ™ -ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅผทใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
05:52
What kind of things can we 'cement'?
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎ ใ‚’ใ€Œใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ใซใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
05:54
OK. So, we talk about 'cementing' an agreement,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏๅˆๆ„ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ›บใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚„ๅ‹ๆƒ…ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ›บใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
05:58
or you can 'cement' a relationship or a friendship,
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ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
06:01
but it does sound quite formal.
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ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๆญฃๅผใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™.
06:04
So, you can say the president's visit 'cemented' relations
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใฎ่จชๅ•ใฏใ€ไธกๅ›ฝ้–“ ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ›บใ‚ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
06:09
between the two countries, for example.
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ใ€‚
06:12
Yeah, but I probably wouldn't say "I went for a coffee with Rob and
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ใˆใˆใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€Œ ใƒญใƒ–ใจใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’้ฃฒใฟใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€
06:17
it 'cemented' our friendship."
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็งใŸใกใฎๅ‹ๆƒ…ใŒใ€Œๅ›บใพใฃใŸใ€ใ€ใจใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:19
No. No, that doesn't sound right.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:21
That's too formal here.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅฝขๅผ็š„ใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
06:23
You could just say "we got on well".
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏใ†ใพใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:25
A quick note on pronunciation.
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็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒกใƒขใ€‚
06:28
So, with the word 'cement', the verb and the noun, we stress the second syllable.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œcementใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž ใ€ๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:33
So, it's 'cement'.
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ใใ†ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:36
OK. Let's have a look at that one more time,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
06:38
so you can 'cement' your knowledge of that word.
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ›บใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:47
We've had 'turning point' -
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ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€
06:49
things start changing from here. 'On the back foot' -
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅพŒใ‚่ถณใ€
06:53
at a disadvantage. And 'cement' - make stronger.
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- ไธๅˆฉใช็ซ‹ๅ ดใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ - ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅผทใใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚ bbclearningenglish.com ใฎ
06:58
Don't forget there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:03
Thank you for joining us, and goodbye. Goodbye.
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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