Long working hours 'kills 745,000 people a year': BBC News Review

121,528 views ใƒป 2021-05-18

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hello and welcome to News Review from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ BBC Learning English ใฎ News Review ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
00:04
Joining me today is Tom. Hi, Tom.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใซๅŠ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใƒˆใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใƒˆใƒ ใ€‚
00:07
Hi, Neil. Good morning and hello to our audience.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ใŠใฏใ‚ˆใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚่ฆ–่ด่€…ใฎ็š†ๆง˜ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ๆฏŽๅนด
00:10
Did you know that 745,000 people are killed each year
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745,000 ไบบใŒ้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅŠดๅƒใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆญปไบกใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹
00:15
by working for too long. That's according to a new study
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
00:19
released by the World Health Organization.
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ใฏใ€ ไธ–็•ŒไฟๅฅๆฉŸ้–ขใŒ็™บ่กจใ—ใŸๆ–ฐใ—ใ„็ ”็ฉถใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:21
That's a really terrible statistic.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆใ‚ใ—ใ„็ตฑ่จˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใง่žใ„
00:23
If you want to test yourself on any of the vocabulary that you hear in
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ใŸ่ชžๅฝ™ใซใคใ„ใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€
00:27
this programme, there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ bbclearningenglish.com ใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:31
Now, let's find out some more about the story from this BBC News report:
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎ BBC ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฟในใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:02
So, the World Health Organization has released a report about
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ไธ–็•ŒไฟๅฅๆฉŸ้–ข ใฏใ€ๅŠดๅƒๆ™‚้–“ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’็™บ่กจใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
01:07
working hours. The study says that working for too long can kill you.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็ ”็ฉถใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ ้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจๆญปใซ่‡ณใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:12
Around 745,000 deaths each year can come from working too long.
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ๆฏŽๅนด็ด„ 745,000 ไบบ ใŒ้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅŠดๅƒใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใงๆญปไบกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:19
Working 55 hours or more can increase your chance of having a
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55 ๆ™‚้–“ไปฅไธŠๅƒใ ใจใ€
01:25
heart attack or having a stroke. This is particularly true for
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ๅฟƒ่‡“็™บไฝœใ‚„่„ณๅ’ไธญใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒ้ซ˜ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็‰นใซ
01:29
men and the study says that the worst affected region for this
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็”ทๆ€งใซๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใ€็ ”็ฉถใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚ๆทฑๅˆปใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅœฐๅŸŸ
01:33
problem is the Asia-Pacific region, which includes Japan and Australia.
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ใฏใ€ ๆ—ฅๆœฌใจใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚ขๅคชๅนณๆด‹ๅœฐๅŸŸใงใ™ใ€‚
01:39
OK. Well, you've been looking at this story, at the various news websites,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎ ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚„ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€
01:43
and picking out really useful vocabulary for our viewers to learn.
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่ฆ–่ด่€…ใŒๅญฆใถใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’้ธใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:48
What have you got?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๆŒใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸ
01:50
Today's vocabulary, Neil. We have: 'killer', 'burden' and 'detrimental'.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:58
'Killer', 'burden' and 'detrimental'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใ€‚
02:01
So, let's hear your first headline, please.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่žใ‹ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:04
Of course. My first headline is from Reuters โ€“ it says:
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ— ใฏ Reuters ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ
02:13
'A killer' โ€“ something or someone who kills.
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ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ใ€ŒA killerใ€ใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:19
Now, that's pretty straightforward, isn't it? Why are we learning this?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใชใœ็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:22
Everyone knows what a 'killer' is.
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:25
Probably a lot of our audience do know what a 'killer' is, Neil,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅคšใใฎ่ด่ก†ใฏ ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€
02:28
but we're going to look at some sort of wider uses of this expression.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—็งใŸใกใฏ ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅบƒใ„็”จ้€”ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™.
02:33
It has more than one meaning. To begin with,
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ใใ‚Œใซใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใš
02:36
let's look at the headline. 'A killer' โ€“ this is a noun.
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ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ 'A killer' โ€“ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
02:40
It's a singular noun and it's something or someone that kills.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ๆ•ฐๅ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:44
Note that long working hours is plural, but 'a killer' with
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้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅŠดๅƒใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—
02:50
the article remains a sort of fixed piece of language.
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ใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ€ใฏไธ€็จฎ ใฎๅ›บๅฎš่ชžๅฅใฎใพใพใงใ™ใ€‚
02:54
This is the same with cigarettes, for example. 'Cigarettes โ€“ plural โ€“
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ‚ฟใƒใ‚ณใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ทใ‚ฌใƒฌใƒƒใƒˆ โ€“ ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝข โ€“
02:58
are a killer' means cigarettes are a cause of death. They can kill you.
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ใฏใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ€ใจใฏ ใ€ใŸใฐใ“ใŒๆญปๅ› ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:03
Now, all of these examples you've given โ€“ this is
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒ™ใ’ใŸใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ไพ‹ใฏ
03:06
all really negative stuff. But our audience may be
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ใ™ในใฆใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ฆ–่ด่€…ใฏใ€
03:10
surprised to learn that we can use 'killer' in a positive way.
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ€ใ‚’ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆ้ฉšใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:15
Yeah, and that's why we've chosen it โ€“ because that's why we're here:
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’้ธใ‚“ ใ ็†็”ฑใงใ™ โ€“ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™:
03:18
to look at different ways we can use this language.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™.
03:20
So, for example, how would you feel if I said
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ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€
03:23
I watched 'a killer movie' last night
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็งใŒๆ˜จๅคœใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผๆ˜ ็”ปใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใชใŒใ‚‰
03:25
and I ate 'a killer sandwich' while I did that?
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ€ใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ† ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
03:28
Well, I would hope that the sandwich was not bad โ€“ it
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใŒๆ‚ชใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„
03:32
didn't affect your health. To me, it would mean that it was
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฅๅบทใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ. ็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œ
03:36
a really great sandwich or the film was really, really good.
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ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ ใฃใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏ ๆ˜ ็”ปใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:40
Yeah, or I had a very strong emotional reaction, you could say.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใฏ้žๅธธใซๅผทใ„ ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใชๅๅฟœใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:43
So, if I watched 'a killer movie',
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผๆ˜ ็”ปใ€
03:46
that could mean that I watched a really great movie.
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ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:48
And I ate 'a killer sandwich' โ€“ that means I had a
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผ ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ€ใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ— ใŸใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚็พŽๅ‘ณใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใง
03:50
strong emotional reaction, because it was so delicious.
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ใ€ๅผทใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใชๅๅฟœ ใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:53
Yes. Now, I think what we can tell from this
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
03:56
is that context is really key.
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡่ฆใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
Context is everything. So, let's take that movie example.
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใŒใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:03
If I watched a really funny film and I said,
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ้ข็™ฝใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€
04:05
'Oh, it was a killer!'
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ญใƒฉใƒผใ ใฃใŸ!ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:06
that might mean it's hilarious. It's really funny.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ้™ฝๆฐ—ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:09
But if I watch a sad film, like Titanic, and I say,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใ‚ฟใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒ‹ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€
04:12
'Oh, it was a killer,'
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆฎบไบบ่€…ใ ใฃใŸใ€
04:15
that could mean it was very sad.
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ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹.
04:16
As you say, context is everything with this expression.
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ใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹้€šใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใงใฏๆ–‡่„ˆใŒใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:20
Yeah. And we could also say that someone 'kills someone' and it
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œ
04:26
doesn't mean that they kill them; it means that it makes that...
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ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™...
04:29
they make that person laugh a lot.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใฎไบบใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“็ฌ‘ใ‚ใ›ใพใ™.
04:32
Yeah, I could say, 'So, Neil kills me with his jokes on News Review!'
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ใˆใˆใ€็งใฏใ€Œใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใฏ ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ฏใง็งใ‚’ๆฎบใ—ใพใ™!ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:37
ย  It means they make me laugh a lot.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็งใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“็ฌ‘ใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:38
I have a strong emotional reaction and that is hilarity.
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็งใซใฏๅผทใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใช ๅๅฟœใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้™ฝๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:42
It's really funny.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:43
I try my best, Tom. OK. Let's get a summary:
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ใŒใ‚“ใฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใƒˆใƒ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:54
If you would like to watch another story about work,
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ไป•ไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅˆฅใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
04:57
we have the perfect one for you, don't we Tom?
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ใฏใ€ใƒˆใƒ ใซใดใฃใŸใ‚Šใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใญใ€‚
05:01
Yeah, we do. Are you work... do you want to work for free?
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅƒใ„ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™... ็„กๆ–™ใงๅƒใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:05
This is our story: it's about young people being expected to work for free.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€่‹ฅ่€… ใŒ็„กๆ–™ใงๅƒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:09
It's 6 Minute English and you can find it
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 6 ๅˆ†้–“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชž
05:10
by clicking the link in the video description.
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ใงใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:13
OK. Let's take a look at your second headline.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:17
Cool. Yeah, my second headline is from stuff.co.nz,
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ๆถผใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใ€็งใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ— ใฏ
05:22
which is a website from New Zealand.
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ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ stuff.co.nz ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:24
It's not actually a headline; it's from the body of the article.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่จ˜ไบ‹ๆœฌๆ–‡ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€‚
05:27
It says:
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่จ€ใ†๏ผš
05:36
And that word is 'detrimental'.
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ใใ—ใฆใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:38
ย  'Detrimental' โ€“ likely to cause harm.
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ใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ - ๅฎณใ‚’ๅŠใผใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:44
Yeah, so 'detrimental' is an adjective and it's got an
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใฏ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
05:48
interesting pronunciation as well. Four syllables: 'de-tri-men-tal'.
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่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„็™บ้Ÿณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ 4 ใคใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€: 'de-tri-men-tal'ใ€‚
05:53
And it's that third... that third syllable:
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใงใ™... ใใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€:
05:57
'de-tri-MEN-tal' is the pronunciation of the adjective.
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ใ€Œde-tri-MEN-talใ€ใฏ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
06:00
And it means it is likely to cause harm or be damaging.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฎณใ‚’ๅŠใผใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆๅฎณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:03
Yeah. So, when we talk about harmful things,
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ๆœ‰ๅฎณใชใ‚‚ใฎ
06:06
we can say that they are 'detrimental to' something.
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:11
Definitely, yeah. You could say: 'Cigarettes are detrimental.'
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚ ใ€ŒใŸใฐใ“ใฏๆœ‰ๅฎณใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:14
Or you could say: 'Cigarettes are detrimental to your health.'
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€ŒใŸใฐใ“ใฏๅฅๅบทใซๆœ‰ๅฎณใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:19
'Detrimental to' is a kind of common construct
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'Detrimental to' ใฏไธ€็จฎใฎ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช
06:22
โ€“ and it's followed by a noun.
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ๆง‹ๆ–‡ใงใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซๅ่ฉžใŒ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:24
Cigarettes are 'detrimental to your health'.
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ใŸใฐใ“ใฏใ€Œ ๅฅๅบทใซๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:26
Working long hours โ€“ also 'detrimental to your health',
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้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅŠดๅƒใฏ ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใŒ็คบใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œๅฅๅบทใซๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
06:29
as the headlines are telling us.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:31
Yeah. So, 'detrimental' is an adjective,
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€'detrimental' ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใŒใ€'detriment'
06:33
but there's also a noun version: 'detriment'.
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ใจใ„ใ† ๅ่ฉžใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:35
We have to use that in a special kind of way, though.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็‰นๅˆฅใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:39
Yeah, 'detriment' โ€“ and again, it's quite high register.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ€Œๆๅฎณใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜้ŸณๅŸŸใงใ™ใ€‚
06:42
It comes in the expression 'to the detriment of'.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๆๅฎณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใซๅ‡บใฆใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:47
It means kind of, like, at the expense of.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็Š ็‰ฒใซใ—ใฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
06:50
So, I could say, 'Neil worked too long.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใฏ้•ทใๅƒใใ™ใŽใŸใ€‚
06:53
Neil works too many hours, to the detriment of his friendships.'
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใฏ้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใใ™ใŽใฆ ใ€ๅ‹ๆƒ…ใŒๆใชใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:58
Yes... it's not true at all, but good example.
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ใฏใ„... ใพใฃใŸใใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:01
It means that you spend all your time doing News Review,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น ใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใซใ™ในใฆใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไปฒ้–“ใจ้Žใ”ใ™ ๆ™‚้–“
07:04
so you don't have time for your mates.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
07:07
Yeah. Now, as you said there's quite a high register.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„้ŸณๅŸŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:09
That means it's quite formal, both 'detrimental' and 'detriment'.
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ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใจใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใฎไธกๆ–นใงใ€้žๅธธใซๅฝขๅผ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:13
In our ordinary spoken English, what sort of thing do we say instead?
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็งใŸใกใฎ้€šๅธธใฎๅฃ่ชž่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
07:18
I'd probably just say, like,
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็งใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ
07:20
'it's bad for you,' or something. Or, 'it's harmful.'
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ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€ใชใฉใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏๆœ‰ๅฎณใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
07:23
Yeah, we wouldn't normally use 'detriment'... Normally,
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ใˆใˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้€šๅธธ ใ€Œไธๅˆฉ็›Šใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“...้€šๅธธใ€
07:25
'detrimental' is quite formal and you'd see it in the context of,
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ใ€Œไธๅˆฉ็›Šใ€ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅฝขๅผ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
07:28
like, this โ€“ like reports on health or something like that.
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ใ€ๅฅๅบทใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใชใฉใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใง่ฆ‹ ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
07:32
OK. Let's get a summary:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†:
07:41
Now, a lot of people these days are saying that red meat is
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ๅคšใใฎไบบ ใŒใ€่ตค่บซใฎ่‚‰ใฏ
07:45
'detrimental' to our health. Others disagree,
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ๅฅๅบทใซใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™. ไป–ใฎไบบใฏๅŒๆ„ใ—
07:47
but we have a programme on that topic, don't we Tom?
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€ใƒˆใƒ ?
07:51
Yeah. Is red meat harmful? That's what we're talking about.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ตค่บซ่‚‰ใฏๆœ‰ๅฎณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซ
07:54
You can find it by clicking the link in the video description down here.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:59
Let's have a look then at our next headline, please.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:02
Perfect. Again, we're not looking at the headline;
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ๅฎŒๅ…จใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่จ˜ไบ‹
08:05
we're looking at the body of the article.
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ใฎๆœฌๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:07
This is from the World Health Organization website โ€“
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ไธ–็•ŒไฟๅฅๆฉŸ้–ขใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ
08:10
from the release. It says:
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ โ€“ ใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰. ใใ‚Œใฏ่จ€ใ†๏ผš
08:17
And that word is 'burden'.
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ใใ—ใฆใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:20
'Burden' โ€“ something that causes difficulty or hard work.
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ใ€Œ้‡่ทใ€ โ€“ ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใพใŸใฏ้‡ๅŠดๅƒใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
08:26
Now, Tom, I know what a 'burden' is. If you have to carry a
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒˆใƒ ใ€็งใฏใ€Œ้‡่ทใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
huge weight on your back, that is a 'burden', literally.
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่ƒŒไธญใซๅทจๅคงใช้‡้‡ใ‚’่ƒŒ่ฒ ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ€Œ้‡่ทใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:33
That is... yeah, that is a 'burden', Neil. So, 'burden' can be literal
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ใใ‚Œใฏ... ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใงใ™ใ€ ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎ
08:38
or 'burden' can be, kind of, figurative or metaphorical.
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ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใพใŸใฏๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:41
So, let's look at this piece of text from the WHO.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€WHO ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
08:45
The 'burden' that they're talking about โ€“ the thing that's causing
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ - ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚„้‡ๅŠดๅƒใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ
08:48
difficulty or hard work โ€“ is work-related disease and death coming
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- ใฏใ€ ไป•ไบ‹้–ข้€ฃใฎ
08:54
from work-related disease and it said that this is causing particular...
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็—…ๆฐ—ใจไป•ไบ‹้–ข้€ฃใฎ็—…ๆฐ—ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใ‚‹ๆญปใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใพใ—ใŸ...
08:58
excuse me, particular difficulty for men, who are most affected.
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ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ›ฐ้›ฃใฎ ใŸใ‚ใซ ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹็”ทๆ€งใ€‚
09:02
Yeah. And it's also โ€“ we talk about 'carrying a burden',
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใŸ ใ€ใ€Œ้‡่ทใ‚’่ฒ ใ†ใ“ใจใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้‡่ทใ‚’่ฒ ใ†ใ“ใจใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—
09:07
'having a burden'. It's also a verb, though.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใŒใ€‚
09:12
Yeah, it is. It is also a... excuse me, it is also a verb.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ... ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:16
Before I look at the verb, let me just...
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ ใ‘...
09:18
let's look at that, kind of, literal/figurative meaning. So,
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ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Š/ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ•้กŒใฎใ‚ˆใ†
09:22
we were talking about a figurative 'burden', like a problem...
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ใชๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎ ใงใ™... ๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™
09:26
work-related disease causing a problem.
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ไป•ไบ‹้–ข้€ฃใฎ็—…ๆฐ— .
09:29
And 'burden' could also be the stuff that we actually carry, like the ship
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ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใฏ ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ‚นใ‚จใ‚บ้‹ๆฒณใง็ซ‹ใกๅพ€็”Ÿใ—ใŸ่ˆนใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ้‹ใถใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
09:33
that got stuck in the Suez canal recently: its 'burden' was too heavy.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใฏ้‡ใ™ใŽใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:36
The stuff it was carrying was too much.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ ้‹ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅคšใ™ใŽใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:40
Yeah. So, we're talking about figurative, heavy loads.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใช้‡ใ„่ฒ ่ทใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
09:45
Yeah, exactly. And 'burden' can be a verb. So, you're talking
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ใˆใˆใ€ใพใ•ใซใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
09:49
about the stuff you put on: this heavy load โ€“ a 'burden' on a ship.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็€ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎ ้‡ใ„่ท็‰ฉใ€ใคใพใ‚Š่ˆนใฎใ€Œ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้‡้‡
09:53
You could say that 'we burden the ship' with this weight.
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ใงใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏ่ˆนใซ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:57
Yeah. If I asked you to do loads of work, loads of extra work,
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใ ใ‚‰ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใง
10:01
we could say that 'I was burdening you' with a load of work.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
10:05
Yeah! So, we'd use the figurative meaning because you wouldn't
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ใ†ใ‚“๏ผ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
10:07
literally be placing microphones and computers on top of me... hopefully!
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ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚„ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’็งใฎไธŠใซ็ฝฎใใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™...้ก˜ใ‚ใใฐ!
10:12
But you would be giving me more responsibilities:
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซ ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅคšใใฎ่ฒฌไปปใ‚’่ฒ ใ‚
10:15
I'd have to carry more responsibilities, we could say.
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ใ›ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:18
OK. Let's get a summary of that:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
10:29
Time now for a recap of our vocabulary please, Tom.
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ใ€‚Tom ใ•ใ‚“ ใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ใŠใ•ใ‚‰ใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:32
Today's vocabulary: we had 'killer' โ€“ something or someone that kills.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ชžๅฝ™: 'killer ' ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:38
'Detrimental' โ€“ likely to cause harm.
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ใ€Œๆœ‰ๅฎณใ€ - ๅฎณใ‚’ๅŠใผใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:40
And 'burden' โ€“ something that causes hard work or difficulty.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ้‡่ทใ€ โ€“ ๅคงๅค‰ใชไป•ไบ‹ใ‚„ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ไฝ•ใ‹ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›
10:47
If you want to test yourself on the vocabulary,
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ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
10:49
there's a quiz on our website bbclearningenglish.com
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ bbclearningenglish.com
10:53
and we are also all over social media.
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ใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซ ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใซใ‚‚ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:56
Thanks for joining us and we will see you next time. Goodbye.
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸๆฌกๅ›žใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
10:59
See you next time and see you on the website. It's a 'killer'.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใฏใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฎบใ—ๅฑ‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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