Pegasus: Activists 'spied on': BBC News Review

47,570 views ใƒป 2021-07-20

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Pegasus spyware, designed to monitor terrorists, is being used to spy
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ชฟๆŸปใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒ†ใƒญใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็›ฃ่ฆ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จญ่จˆใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ Pegasus ใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚ขใŒใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚„ๆดปๅ‹•ๅฎถ ใ‚’ใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„
00:05
on journalists and activists, according to a new investigation.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:10
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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BBCใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:12
I'm Neil and joining me today is Roy. Hi Roy.
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็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒญใ‚คใŒๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใƒญใ‚คใ€‚
00:15
Hello Neil and hello everybody.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใใ—ใฆ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
00:18
Yeah, if our wonderful viewers want to test themselves on the vocabulary
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ใˆใˆใ€็งใŸใกใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่ฆ–่ด่€…ใŒใ“ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชž ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใซใคใ„ใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎ
00:21
around this story, all they need to do is head to our website
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ใŸใ‚ ใซ็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ
00:25
bbclearningenglish.com for a quiz.
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bbclearningenglish.com ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™.
00:28
But now, let's listen to a BBC News report about this story:
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ BBC ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:58
So, the story is a military-grade piece of spyware known as Pegasus,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใฏใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎใƒ†ใƒญใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚„็Šฏ็ฝช่€…ใฎๆดปๅ‹•ใ‚’็›ฃ่ฆ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จญ่จˆใ• ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใƒšใ‚ฌใ‚ตใ‚นใจใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹่ป็”จใ‚ฐใƒฌใƒผใƒ‰ใฎ
01:03
which was designed to monitor the
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01:05
activities of terrorists and criminals around the world,
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01:08
is now apparently being used to spy on journalists and activists.
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ใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚ขใŒ็พๅœจไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚„ๆดปๅ‹•ๅฎถใ‚’ใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
01:14
That is according to some investigative journalism.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ ่ชฟๆŸปใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒญใ‚ค
01:18
You've been scanning the world's media for this story,
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎใŸใ‚ใซไธ–็•Œไธญใฎใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
01:20
haven't you Roy? You've picked out three really useful words.
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ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใค่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ 3 ใค้ธใณใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:24
What have you got?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๆŒใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸ
01:25
Yes. We have: 'targets', 'hack' and 'rogue'.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒญใƒผใ‚ฐใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:29
'Targets', 'hack' and 'rogue'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒญใƒผใ‚ฐใ€ใ€‚
01:32
So, let's have a look at your first headline please.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:35
Our first headline comes from right here,
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็งใŸใกใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏ
01:37
back at home, from the BBC and it reads:
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ใ€BBC ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:46
'Targets' โ€“ chooses something to attack or pay attention to.
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ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ โ€“ ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใพใŸใฏๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ๅฏพ่ฑกใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:51
Yeah. So, this word is spelt T-A-R-G-E-T-S
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ T-A-R-G-E-T-S
01:57
and it's being used as a verb in the headline.
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ใจ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:00
Yeah. So, 'targets' โ€“ I know what 'targets' are. There's that game
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ - ็งใฏใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:04
where you throw little arrows towards a board that is a 'target'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆๅฐใ•ใช็Ÿขใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:12
What's the connection between this and this story.
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ใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใจใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใฏใ€‚
02:16
Well, that game is called darts and I am absolutely terrible at it.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใใฎใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใฏใƒ€ใƒผใƒ„ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€็งใฏใƒ€ใƒผใƒ„ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚่‹ฆๆ‰‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:20
I get this little dart and I try and throw it at the 'target'; I try and
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็งใฏใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชใƒ€ใƒผใƒ„ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใซๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:25
hit the 'target'. That, in that case, is a noun โ€“ 'target' there.
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ใ€Œ็š„ใ€ใ‚’็‹™ใฃใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™-ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:28
I'm terrible at it: I always hit the wall, people need to duck.
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็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ่‹ฆๆ‰‹ใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ ๅฃใซใถใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‹ใŒใ‚€ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:31
But the idea there is I'm trying to hit the 'target' โ€“ hit the board
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹่€ƒใˆใฏใ€็งใฏ ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใจใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ โ€“ ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใจใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
02:35
โ€“ and in the verb form, we say that 'we are targeting something':
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โ€“ ใใ—ใฆๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅฝขใงใฏ ใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„
02:40
trying to hit it or we're paying attention to it.
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ใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:43
OK. So, that's a very literal definition we just gave there,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใพใ•ใซๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎ ๅฎš็พฉใงใ‚ใ‚Š
02:47
with somebody actually physically throwing something at a object
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ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹็‰ฉไฝ“ใซ็‰ฉ็†็š„ใซ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
02:53
called a 'target', but we use it more figuratively, don't we?
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ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
02:57
We do. So, as I said, when you want to pay attention to something,
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃ ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ„ใŸใ„ใ€
03:01
to monitor something, you can 'target' someone or
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็›ฃ่ฆ–ใ—ใŸใ„ใจใใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
03:05
something and that's what it's being used as in the headline.
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่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™.
03:08
They're not trying to literally hit the journalists or activists,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚„ๆดปๅ‹•ๅฎถใ‚’ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
03:13
but they are paying attention to them.
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ใŒใ€ ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:14
They have selected them as their focus, if you like.
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ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็„ฆ็‚นใจใ—ใฆ้ธๆŠžใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:18
Yeah. Now, this is a word that we see often in connection to advertising.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅบƒๅ‘Šใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใ็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:24
We do. We do. So, quite commonly adverts will identify
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅบƒๅ‘Šใงใฏใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆๅธ‚ๅ ดใ€ใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„
03:29
a 'target market'. So, quite commonly we see these adverts for toys,
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅญไพ›ใ‚’ใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใซ ใ—ใŸใŠใ‚‚ใกใ‚ƒใฎๅบƒๅ‘Šใ‚’
03:33
which target children: you know, they're very vibrant, there's a happy
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ใ‚ˆใ็›ฎใซ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:37
child playing with the toy, and they're used to 'target' children,
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03:40
or to 'target' the parents to give them an idea of what to buy.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฒทใ†ในใใ‹ใ‚’่ฆชใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:44
So, it's... there's a lot of, kind of, psychology behind it.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ่ƒŒๅพŒใซใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ ๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:48
People are selecting a 'target' audience or market, thinking
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ไบบใ€…ใฏ ใ€
03:51
about what people want to see and when they will be watching it.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ใฎใ‹ใ€ ใ„ใคใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚จใƒณใ‚นใพใŸใฏๅธ‚ๅ ดใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:55
Yes, also a word used often in the media: a 'target audience'.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚จใƒณใ‚นใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
We have a 'target audience', don't we Roy?
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็งใŸใกใซใฏใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚จใƒณใ‚นใ€ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€ใƒญใ‚ค๏ผŸ
04:01
We do, yeah. We want to... our 'target audience' are
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ง ใŸใกใฎใ€Œๅฏพ่ฑก่ชญ่€…ใ€ใฏ
04:05
people around the world who want to learn English.
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ใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใณใŸใ„ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไบบใ€…ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:08
We also see this word used a lot in the world of business, don't we Roy?
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ ใฏใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใฎไธ–็•Œใงใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€Roy?
04:12
We do. And it's quite commonly used as a noun or a verb as well.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ ใ€ๅ่ฉžใ‚„ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:16
And it's when they have an objective, if you like.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ›ใ‚€ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็›ฎ็š„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
04:19
So, a business may 'target an increase in profits' or 'the business
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใฏใ€Œ ๅˆฉ็›Šใฎๅข—ๅŠ ใ‚’็›ฎๆจ™ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น
04:23
target is to increase their profits'.
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ใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใฏๅˆฉ็›Šใ‚’ๅข—ๅŠ ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:26
Absolutely. OK. Let's get a summary:
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็ตถๅฏพใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:36
Now, talking about 'targets', we have a 'target' that the UK government
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ใ€Œ็›ฎๆจ™ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ใˆ ใฐใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝๆ”ฟๅบœ
04:40
had to reduce obesity. Where can our viewers find that story?
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ใŒ่‚ฅๆบ€ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€Œ็›ฎๆจ™ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ–่ด่€…ใฏใฉใ“ใงใใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
04:45
All our wonderful viewers need to do is click the link in the description.
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ใ™ใฐใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่ฆ–่ด่€… ใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:50
Time now for your next headline, please.
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ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:52
Yes, our second headline comes from CNN and it reads:
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ใฏใ„ใ€็งใŸใกใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ— ใฏ CNN ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใ‹
05:09
'Hack' โ€“ get unauthorised access into a system or computer.
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ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:15
Yes. So, this is a very, very small word and it's spelt: H-A-C-K.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ ๅฐใ•ใชๅ˜่ชžใงใ€H-A-C-K ใจ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:21
Now Neil, are you scared of โ€“ like, you see these stories
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ€–ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
05:25
all the time in the media about people who get access to your
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’็›—ใ‚€ไบบใ€…ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใงๅธธใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’็›ฎใซใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
05:27
computer and steal your information โ€“ are you scared about this?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆๆ€–ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
05:32
Yes, I don't want to have my computer 'hacked'
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ใฏใ„ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใŒใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ•ใ‚Œ
05:35
or any sort of virus installed on it.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นใŒใ‚คใƒณใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒซใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:38
So, we use things like internet security and anti-virus and it's
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆ ใ‚ปใ‚ญใƒฅใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚„ใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒซใ‚นๅฏพ็ญ–ใชใฉใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
05:42
good that you're aware of that. So,
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
05:46
that's to prevent people or things 'hacking' our computer: stealing
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ไบบใ‚„็‰ฉใŒ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ—ใฆใ€
05:49
information like credit card details and other sensitive information.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚ธใƒƒใƒˆ ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐ ใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๆฉŸๅฏ†ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใชใฉใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’็›—ใ‚€ใฎใ‚’้˜ฒใใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:53
And this is the meaning in the headline. People are 'hacking',
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฉŸๅฏ†ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
05:58
or somebody 'hacks', somebody's phone to get sensitive information.
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ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ€‚
06:03
Yeah, and you've used the word in several different forms there,
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใ“ใงใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅฝขใงๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใ€
06:06
as a verb like in the headline โ€“ 'to hack' โ€“ and we also talk about
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ใจใ„ใ†่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ.
06:11
the person who does it โ€“ a 'hacker' โ€“ and the activity โ€“ 'hacking'.
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'ใ€‚
06:15
All of these very negative things, but the word 'hack',
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ้žๅธธใซๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏ
06:19
I'm pleased to say, can be used positively,
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ใ€
06:23
especially in combination with the word 'life'.
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็‰นใซ ใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ€่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฌ‰ใ—ใๆ€ใ„ใพใ™.
06:27
Absolutely. So, what are my favourite 'life hacks' is if somebody's fridge
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็ตถๅฏพใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Š ใฎใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใฎๅ†ท่”ตๅบซ
06:32
is smelling, I put coffee grounds in a bowl and put it into the fridge,
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ใŒ่‡ญใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‹ใ™ ใ‚’ใƒœใ‚ฆใƒซใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
06:37
and it is a natural deodoriser โ€“ it removes the smell.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‡ช็„ถใฎๆถˆ่‡ญๅ‰คใงใ™ใ€‚่‡ญใ„ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใพใ™.
06:41
This is what we call a 'life hack':
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚็”Ÿๆดปใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆฅฝ
06:43
a tip or a trick to make your life a little bit easier.
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ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใพใŸใฏใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:48
Yeah. Doesn't it just make your fridge smell like coffee?
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใŒใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฎใซใŠใ„ใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:50
I love coffee and I don't know if it actually works,
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็งใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใŒๅคงๅฅฝใ ใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅŠนๆžœใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅŠนๆžœ
06:52
but it seems to work so I'm a winner.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงๅ‹่€…ใงใ™.
06:56
OK. So, a perfect example of a 'life hack', and that's a really
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใฎๅฎŒ็’งใชไพ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
06:59
positive use of the word 'hack', which is normally really negative.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎ้žๅธธใซ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใชไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏ้žๅธธใซๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™.
07:03
Now, to look at another meaning of the word 'hack' โ€“ Roy, you were in
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†ใ€‚ใƒญใ‚คใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
07:07
your garden, having a really bad time this weekend, weren't you?
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅบญใซใ„ใฆใ€ไปŠ้€ฑๆœซใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใฒใฉใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ‚ˆใญ?
07:10
Oh yeah, it was... it was terrible.
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ใใ†ใใ†ใƒปใƒปใƒปใฒใฉใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“
07:12
I hadn't cut my grass for a few weeks and it was so high!
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่‰ใ‚’ๅˆˆใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃ ใŸใฎใงใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ๏ผ
07:16
It was so high and I had to get a big, long knife and really 'hack' at it:
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€็งใฏๅคงใใใฆ้•ทใ„ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ:
07:20
cut imprecise cuts just like... over and over again,
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ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไธๆญฃ็ขบใชใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใพใ™... ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝ•ๅบฆ
07:25
'hacking' at the grass and 'hacking' at the plants to cut them down. And
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ใ‚‚่‰ใ‚’ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ ใ—ใ€ๆค็‰ฉใ‚’ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ—ใฆใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ€‚
07:29
that is another meaning of the word 'hack' and it's a verb in that case.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใง ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
07:34
Absolutely. OK. Let's get a summary:
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็ตถๅฏพใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†:
07:44
Well, we're looking at the word 'hack' and the word
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชž
07:47
'hack' appears in the name of one of our series: Lingohack.
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บใฎ 1 ใคใงใ‚ใ‚‹ Lingohack ใฎๅๅ‰ใซๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:52
We've got a great story about the Loch Ness Monster, haven't we Roy?
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ใƒญใ‚คใ€ใƒใ‚นๆน–ใฎๆ€ช็‰ฉใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ™ใฐใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่ฉฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚
07:55
We do. And all our wonderful viewers need to do is click
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใฐใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ่ฆ–่ด่€…
07:59
the link in the description below.
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ใฏใ€ไธ‹ใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:01
OK. Let's have a look at your next headline.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:04
So, our next headline comes from Mail Online and it reads:
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ— ใฏ Mail Online ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
08:18
'Rogue' โ€“ describes behaviour that's unexpected or damaging.
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ใ€‚
08:23
Yeah. So, in this headline it's being used as an adjective
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใง ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
08:27
and it is spelt: R-O-G-U-E.
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R-O-G-U-E ใจ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:31
Now, you know that I love animals, right Neil?
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆ ใญใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผŸ
08:35
Absolutely, yes. You love your dog, amongst other animals.
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ใฏใ„ใœใฃใŸใ„ใซใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไป–ใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใฎไธญใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Šฌใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:38
I do. And quite commonly you see animals in the wild in a group,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใŒใ€้‡Ž็”Ÿใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใฏ
08:43
sometimes referred to as a herd, and this is a normal way that
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็พคใ‚Œใ‚’ๆˆใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€็พคใ‚Œใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•็‰ฉใŒ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹้€šๅธธใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™
08:48
animals will travel, but occasionally an animal will split off:
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ใŒใ€ ใจใใฉใๅ‹•็‰ฉ
08:52
one animal was separate from the herd and go into a town and village and
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ใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็”บใ‚„ๆ‘ใ‚’
08:57
cause damage and disruption and we call this animal a 'rogue animal'.
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็ ดๅฃŠใ—ใ€่ขซๅฎณใ‚„ๆททไนฑใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’ใ€Œใชใ‚‰ใš่€…ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:03
Right. OK. Not used only to describe animals, is it?
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ๅณใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใซไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใญใ€‚
09:08
I've seen this word as an adjective used to describe countries or states.
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็งใฏใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ€ๅ›ฝใ‚„ๅทžใ‚’่กจใ™ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
09:13
Yeah. Quite commonly you hear of a 'rogue country' or a 'rogue state'
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œใชใ‚‰ใš่€…ๅ›ฝๅฎถใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใชใ‚‰ใš่€…ๅ›ฝๅฎถใ€
09:16
and it refers to a country that's not behaving in an expected way,
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ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€ๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒๅ‹•ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ›ฝใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎ
09:21
potentially that is dangerous or damaging to other
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ไป–ใฎๅ›ฝใซๅฑ้™บใพใŸใฏๆๅฎณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
09:24
countries around the world.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:26
Yeah. And you see this word applied very often to North Korea, for example.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ ้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซๅŒ—ๆœ้ฎฎใซ้ฉ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
09:31
You do, especially when there's things
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็‰นใซ
09:32
like missile tests and things like that.
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ใƒŸใ‚ตใ‚คใƒซๅฎŸ้จ“ใชใฉใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:34
So, we've got... we've got animals,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏ... ๅ‹•็‰ฉ
09:37
we've got states; can you use this to talk about people?
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ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏๅทžใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆไบบใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ›ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:41
Absolutely. You can say that a person, who's
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็ตถๅฏพใ€‚
09:43
maybe behaving again in an unexpected or dangerous way, is a 'rogue'.
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ไบˆๆœŸใ—ใชใ„ใ€ ใพใŸใฏๅฑ้™บใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงๅ†ใณ่กŒๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€ใ€Œใชใ‚‰ใš่€…ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
09:48
Now, notice there that I used it as a noun.
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ใ“ใ“ใง ใ€ๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:50
We don't say a 'rogue person'; usually we say a 'rogue'. It's...
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใชใ‚‰ใš่€…ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใƒญใƒผใ‚ฐใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ...
09:56
Yeah. It's quite old fashioned though, isn't it?
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ใˆใˆใ€‚ ใจ ใฏใ„ใˆใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅค้ขจใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
09:59
It is. It's not as common now as it was.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใฏๆ˜”ใปใฉ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:01
You'll quite commonly see it in literature: older books, something
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ๅคใ„ๆœฌ
10:04
maybe by Oscar Wilde, or something like that. A person is a 'rogue'.
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ใ€ใ‚ชใ‚นใ‚ซใƒผใƒปใƒฏใ‚คใƒซใƒ‰ใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ไบบใฏใ€Œใชใ‚‰ใš่€…ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:09
Yeah. OK. But we can also use it to talk about someone in a positive way.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅ‰ๅ‘ใใซ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
10:15
So, we've said that they were a bit unexpected or do, sort of,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๅฐ‘ใ—ไบˆๆƒณๅค–ใ ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
10:19
bad things but we can... they can be a lovable person: a 'loveable rogue'.
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ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏ...ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๆ„›ใ™ในใไบบใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๆ„›ใ™ในใๆ‚ชๅ…šใ€ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
10:25
A 'loveable rogue', yeah. So, this is maybe a person that you know,
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ€Œๆ„›ใ™ในใๆ‚ชๅ…šใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ
10:28
maybe a friend who's very charming and you absolutely love him, but
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ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ ใงใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚’็ตถๅฏพใซๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹ไบบใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ
10:32
he's a bit cheeky and he does things that maybe are a bit unexpected.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฝผใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็”Ÿๆ„ๆฐ—ใง ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฐ‘ใ—ไบˆๆƒณๅค–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™.
10:37
Yeah. You don't want to trust this person.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎไบบใ‚’ไฟก็”จใ—ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
10:39
No.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
10:41
OK. One final thing to say about the word 'rogue' โ€“
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œrogueใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซ 1 ใค่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจ
10:44
we saw the spelling there with the '-ue' at the end.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆœซๅฐพใซใ€Œ-ueใ€ใŒไป˜ใ„ใŸใคใฅใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:47
We don't pronounce that. We just end with that 'guh' sound: 'rogue'.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ†็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒผใ€ใจใ„ใ†้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใƒญใƒผใ‚ฐใ€ใ€‚
10:52
Yeah, it's not 'ro-gyu'...
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ใใ†ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใŽใ‚…ใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒ
10:54
No, it's not 'ro-gwa'. No, it's... ย 
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ใชใ„โ€ฆโ€ฆใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใใ‚ใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
10:56
It's just 'rogue'. OK. Let's get a summary:
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... ใŸใ ใฎใ€Œใชใ‚‰ใš่€…ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†:
11:06
Time now then, Roy, for a recap of our vocabulary please.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒญใ‚ค ใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใฎ่ฆ็ด„ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:10
We had 'targets' โ€“ chooses something to attack or pay attention to.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ - ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ๅฏพ่ฑกใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:16
We had 'hack' โ€“ gets unauthorised access into a system or computer.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ โ€“ ใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใพใŸใฏใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใธใฎไธๆญฃใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:22
And we had 'rogue' โ€“ describes behaviour that is unexpected or damaging.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œใƒญใƒผใ‚ฐใ€ ใจใฏใ€ไบˆๆœŸใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆๅฎณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›
11:29
If you want to test yourself on the vocabulary, there's a quiz on our
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ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€็งใŸใกใฎ
11:33
website at bbclearningenglish.com and we're all over social media.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ bbclearningenglish.com ใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซ ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใฎใ„ใŸใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:37
Take care and see you next time. Goodbye.
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ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€ๆฌกๅ›žใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
11:40
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
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