DON'T USE These Words in Casual English Conversations!

日常英文对话时再也不要用这些词了！

Hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!

嗨，我是mmm英语的Emma

I've got an interesting lesson for you today

今天的课非常有意思

especially if you're an intermediate English learner

尤其是对中级的英语学习者

and you're transitioning

过渡到

to being an advanced English learner or English user.

高级英语学习者或英语使用者

That leap is one that requires more than just

这个过渡阶段我们学的东西要比

detailed knowledge about the words and the

熟悉单词和

grammar structures that we use in English.

我们用的语法还要更深

It also requires an awareness of tone and register

而且还需要认识语音和语境

so that you can choose the most appropriate words

你就可以在语境中

for the context. So here's the thing,

用更适当的词。 比如说

if you've been trained in academic

如果你学过学术，

or in business English,

或者商业英语

well, the chances are that you've become

大部分场合下

quite used to expressing yourself with formal language.

你可能会用太多正式的词汇来表达你的意思

Well this lesson is one that you really need to watch

那你得好好看这节课了

because I'm going to share four words

因为我会分享四个

that are not appropriate for relaxed

太过严肃的

and informal conversations.

和不适合非正式对话的词

But they're words that my English students use

但这些单词是我学生

all the time in everyday conversation.

每天对话都在用的

So stay tuned!

别走开

Every time that you speak with someone,

每次和别人说话的时候

you're using language to create and to build

你用你的语言去创造和建立

relationships, social relationships

人际关系

with your neighbours, professor, with your clients

比如和你的邻居、教授、你的客户

or customers, anyone.

或者顾客啊什么的

Communicating information

很显然，社交的内容

is an important part of speaking, obviously,

是口语中很重要的一块

but you can do so much more than that

但你可以做更多

and you really should

而且这是应该的

because it's this extra stuff that helps you to become

因为正是这些“做的更多”帮助你

a friendly and memorable person

变成一个友好和难忘的人

in English conversations.

在英语对话中

If the language that you use

如果你用的单词或句子

is not appropriate to the context,

和语境不适合

then your meaning and even your character

你的意思甚至是你本身

can be a little misunderstood.

都可能会被误解

If you're too formal, well you can accidentally make

如果你说的太正式了，你可能会让

people feel uncomfortable. Perhaps they might even

大家觉得很不舒服。而且他们可能会

think you're being a little rude. And equally,

觉得你有点粗鲁。同样

if you use informal language in a situation

如果你用非正式的语言来对话

where you really need to use formal language,

但那个情境下应该用正式语言

well, you might not be taken seriously

别人可能不会认真对待你

and perhaps you might even be overlooked.

而且你还有可能被忽视

So recognising the context in which you're speaking

所以说，说话要看语境

and choosing the appropriate language

而且还得用适当的语言

for that context

在那个语境

is an important skill for advanced English users.

这对进阶英语学习者来说很重要

So what is context?

那么，什么是语境呢？

You probably hear your English teachers using this word

你可能听到过你的英语老师经常说语境

all the time.

Context refers to whatever is going on around you

语境指的是你周围发生的一切

at that moment:

在那个时刻

where are you, what's happening,

你在哪里，发生了什么

who are you talking to.

你在和谁对话

All of these things help to create the context

所有这些东西组成了“语境”

and the context helps us to know what type of words

语境也帮助我们，让我们知道什么样的单词，

and what type of grammar structures are relevant

什么语法结构是和语境最相关的

and appropriate for that situation.

而且在语境下是最恰当的

Now you might assume that your workplace

现在你可以假设你工作的地方

is a professional context, right?

是个专业的语境，对吧

So formal language is always required

所以要一直用正式语言

but it's not as simple as that.

但，没那么简单

If you work in an office,

如果你在办公室工作

then yes, using formal language with customers

那没错，用正式语言和顾客，

and clients is essential.

客户交流是必须的

If you're talking to your boss or someone

如果你和你的老板或者其他

high up in the company, well,

比你要高级一点的员工，对

again, you want to be using more formal language

一样，你想用正式词汇

to sound more impressive and more intelligent.

来让你听起来让人难忘，更聪明

However

但是呢

using formal language all the time doesn't make you

每时每刻用正式词汇并没有让你

very approachable or relatable

变得很平易近人或者很好交流

and it can make you seem a little stiff or a little dull

而且还会让你看起来有点死板或有点迟钝

and over time, you'll want to build relationships

随着时间的推移，你会想要建立关系

with your colleagues, the people you work with, right?

和你的同事，与你一起工作的人，对吧

So you'll want to relax your tone a little,

那你的语气得降一点

make a joke, don't take yourself so seriously.

讲个笑话，不要让你看起来很严肃

Even if you get along well with your boss

就算和你老板相处的时候也是

or some clients,

或者一些客户啊

then using informal language

用非正式语言

can also help you to build relationships with them.

也可以帮助你和他们建立关系

It helps them to feel more comfortable with you

这会让他们和你对话时更舒服

and want to speak with you more.

然后想和你多聊点

This is definitely how many professional working

有些专家也是这样

environments operate in English-speaking countries

在一些讲英语的国家

like Australia and the US and the UK.

比如澳大利亚，美国和英国

It's really important to have these informal

用非正式语言和你的同事对话

conversations with your colleagues

是很重要的

to help them feel relaxed and really comfortable

在你旁边能让他们感觉很轻松很自在

around you, to enjoy their time with you.

让他们很享受和你一起的时光

So I've made my case. Now let's focus on the four

我已经说了具体情况。现在来说说

common words that are not appropriate

这四个不恰当的常见单词

for casual, relaxed conversations.

在休闲，普通的对话中

I'll talk about when they're appropriate

我会指出什么情况下这些词合适

but I'll also give you some alternatives to use

我也会分享一些其他用来替换单词

to help you sound more relaxed and less formal

让你的对话听起来更休闲而不是很正式

in other situations.

第一种情况

When you want to add more information,

当你想要加点内容时

well you've been taught to use words like 'furthermore'

老师可能教你用"furthermore"这样的单词

and 'moreover' right?

还有"moreover"， 对吧

Now these words are great to use

这些单词非常好

when you're writing an essay

如果是用在写论文上的

or if you're giving a presentation

或者说你在做演讲

or you're trying to support your argument in a debate.

亦或是用在辩论大会上支持你的观点

They're brilliant words

这些单词很不错

but you will rarely hear native English speakers

但，你基本不会听到母语者

using them in everyday conversation

每天都这么说

because they're just too formal

因为这些单词太正式了

for conversational English.

这只是普通对话而已

I was at my favourite Indian restaurant a few days ago

几天前我去了一家我最喜欢的印度餐厅

and they have a few new things on the menu

然后他们的菜单上有几道新菜

and I wanted to find out a little more about the dishes.

我就想了解一下这些新菜色

So when I asked the waiter and she's absolutely

我就问了一个女服务员，她特别特别

gorgeous, she was telling me

漂亮，她告诉我

"We have some new vegetable dishes

“我们有一些新的素菜

moreover the lamb curry is really delicious."

moreover 小羊咖喱很好吃”

This is a really formal way to add more information.

这是个添加信息时非常正式的说法

It sounds really odd.

听起来特别怪

Given the context, it's much better to use

根据语境，用非正式语言会好很多

informal language.

We have some new vegetable dishes

我们有些新素菜

and the lamb curry is really delicious as well!

and小羊咖喱很好吃！

Although you might think that using more

你可能觉得用一些高级词汇

intelligent words is always better, it's just not as

会很好。但没那么简单

simple as that. There are times when simpler

有时候，用简单、

and less formal words are much more appropriate.

非正式的单词反而会更恰当

So let's talk about some alternatives

那我们来讲一讲替代词吧

that you can use instead of 'moreover' and 'furthermore'.

用来替换掉"moreover"和"furthermore"

Now these words add extra information

这些单词是用来增加额外信息的

or more important information, right?

或者说更重要的信息，对吧

So instead you could use words like:

所以你可以用这些单词，比如：

besides, or in addition to,

besides或in addition to

as well, also or too.

as well, also 和 too

plus,

plus,

what's more

what's more

and on top of that.

还有 on top of that

I think it will make a lot more sense

我觉得用这些词会更合理

with some examples.

举几个例子

We had a great conversation.

我们刚才的对话很充实

Furthermore, we've decided to meet later in the week.

Furthermore, we've decided to meet later in the week.

We had a great conversation.

我们刚才的对话很充实

We decided we'd meet later in the week too.

We decided we'd meet later in the week too.

Much more relaxed, much better!

正常多了，好多了！

Texting while driving is really dangerous;

开车时打字很危险

moreover, it's illegal in Australia.

moreover, it's illegal in Australia.

Texting while driving is really dangerous;

开车时打字很危险

what's more, it's illegal in Australia.

what's more, it's illegal in Australia

We have enough time to get something to eat

我们在演出开始前有足够的时间吃点东西

before the show.

Moreover, I'm hungry!

Moreover,I'm hungry!

We have enough time to get something to eat

我们在演出开始前有足够的时间吃点东西

before the show. Besides, I'm hungry!

Besides,I'm hungry!

My friend was late for the movie.

我的朋友看电影来迟了

Furthermore, he forgot his wallet and I had to pay!

Furthermore, he forgot his wallet and I had to pay!

My friend was late for the movie

我的朋友看电影来迟了

and on top of that, he forgot his wallet and I had to pay!

and on top of that, he forgot his wallet and I had to pay

Learning how to use these less formal alternatives

学习如何使用这些不是很正式的替换词时

is a little tricky because not all of them work well

有时候有点麻烦，因为不是所有的替换词都能用

in every situation.

在所有情况下

You do need to get a little bit of feedback

你需要通过一些母语者

from the native English speaker to learn

给你一些建议来学习

when it's appropriate to use them correctly.

什么时候用那些词是合适的

You could take classes with an online language school

你可以在网校学语言

like Lingoda, all their teachers are native teachers

像Lingoda, 里面的老师都是母语者

so they can definitely help you with some of these

他们肯定能帮助你解决

little nuances in language.

英语里的微小差别

Any native teacher or native speaker will be able

所有老师和母语者

to tell you when it's appropriate to use

都会告诉你什么时候用

'moreover' and 'furthermore'

moreover 和 furthermore比较合适

and also when it's not.

也会告诉你什么时候不合适

But we can practise together here too.

但我们可以现在就练习一下

Take a look at this sentence right here.

看看这个句子

So what I want you to do is pause the lesson

我想让你暂停一会这个视频

for a moment

and try to rewrite that sentence in a more casual way

并尝试把这个句子重写下，改成更休闲的方式

as if you were just chatting with a friend.

就像是和你朋友在聊天

Write your sentence down in the comments below.

把你的句子发到评论区

I'll try to check it

我会看的

and make sure that you're using it correctly.

你要确定你用的是正确的单词

We use this word to introduce a consequence

我们用这个词介绍一个结果

or result and again, this is a brilliant word

或后果，当然，这也是个不错的单词

when you're structuring an essay

当你写论文

or you're making an argument.

或者在争辩时

It's also brilliant in presentations or in formal speeches

在演讲和正式对话中也是个很好的单词

but it usually sounds a little weird if you use it in

但如果你把therefore用在

everyday conversation, it's just too formal.

正常对话中，就太过正式了

Let's look at an example.

来看个例子

We're visiting a cathedral therefore,

We're visiting a cathedral therefore

you'll need to make sure your shoulders are covered.

you'll need to make sure your shoulders are covered.

We're visiting a cathedral

We're visiting a cathedral

so you'll need to make sure your shoulders are covered.

so you'll need to make sure your shoulders are covered

Quite a few people haven't replied yet and their names

Quite a few people haven't replied yet and their names

therefore will be removed from the guest list.

therefore will be removed from the guest list

Quite formal.

好正式啊

Quite a few people haven't replied yet

Quite a few people haven't replied yet

so their names have been removed from the guest list.

so their names have been removed from the guest list.

It's that simple.

就这么简单

When you're trying to be a little less formal,

当你想要不那么正式时

simply use 'so' instead of 'therefore'.

就简单的用“so”替代“therefore”

Now I want you to try.

现在你来试试

Pause the video for a minute

把视频暂停一会

and write your sentence below in the comments.

在评论区写下你改的句子

We use this word to contrast.

我们用“however”来连接

Now 'however' is used a little more often

现在“however”用的比以前多点

in spoken English but again it's quite formal,

但在口语当中还是太正式了

so it can make you sound a little stiff

可能听起来会有点僵硬

in a relaxed and casual conversation.

在平常的对话中

Can you guess what the less formal alternative might be

你能想到有什么单词可以替换however吗

I think you'll be able to guess this one

我觉得你能想到

especially if you have an example.

特别是看到这个例子时

There's an awesome Italian restaurant

There's an awesome Italian restaurant

around the corner.

around the corner.

However, there are many other restaurants nearby.

However, there are many other restaurants nearby.

So if you're talking to a friend or a colleague,

如果你是在和你的朋友或者同事说的话

especially one that you know well,

特别是你最了解的那个

'however' can feel a little jarring in this sentence.

however会让人有点感觉不爽

It's unnecessarily formal.

这没必要用正式词汇

So can you guess what the informal word might be?

那你能想到这可能是哪个非正式单词吗？

It's 'but'.

是“but”

There's an awesome Italian restaurant

There's an awesome Italian restaurant

around the corner

around the corner

but there are many other restaurants nearby.

but there are many other restaurants nearby

The cost of fuel has been rising.

The cost of fuel has been rising

It's unlikely however, that it will go much higher.

It's unlikely however, that it will go much higher

The cost of fuel has been rising

The cost of fuel has been rising

but it's unlikely that it'll go much higher.

but it's unlikely that it'll go much higher

So there you have it.

现在懂了吧

I'm often talking about expanding and broadening

我一直在说扩宽和拓张

your English vocabulary and of course,

你的英语词汇量，当然

this is absolutely necessary to move from

从中级到高级英语使用者

an intermediate to advanced English user.

这是必不可少的

But I hope that this lesson made it clear that

但我希望这节课可以让你更清楚

more formal and more complex advanced words

更正式的，更复杂的高级词汇

are not always better.

不一定是最好的

If you've got any questions about this lesson

关于这节课，如果你有任何问题

or you want to practise some sentences with me

或者想和我一起练习句子

down below, go ahead,

就在下面

add them to the comments down there.

把你要问的东西写到评论区

And I think we're done. You can connect with me

我觉得差不多了，你可以联系我

on my socials down here, Facebook and Instagram

通过我的facebook和Instagram

and if you want to keep practising with me,

如果你还想继续练习英语

well check out this one right here.

看看这里的这个视频

I'll see you in there!

那个视频里见