How to use the Passive Voice 😅 English Grammar Lesson

Hello I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!

Pozdrav Ja sam Emma iz mmmEnglish!

This lesson is at the top of my request list.

Ova lekcija je na vrhu popisa zahtjeva.

So many of you have been asking me for a lesson

Mnogo vas je tražilo od mene lekciju

about the passive voice

o trpnom stanju

so I'm glad that I finally got it ready for you.

tako da mi je drago što napokon mogu da to uradim za vas.

Now, this can be a really confusing grammar

Sada, to može biti vrlo zbunjujuća gramatička

structure in English.

građa u engleskom jeziku.

Lots of my students ask

Mnogo mojih studenta me pitaju

"What's the point of the passive voice?

"Koja je svrha trpnog stanja?

Is it really that important?"

Je li to doista toliko važno? "

Yes!

Da!

Understanding the passive voice is important.

Razumijevanje trpnog stanja je važno.

In this lesson, you'll learn

U ovoj lekciji ćete naučiti

what it looks like, why it's useful

kako to izgleda, zašto je to korisno

and you'll practise using it with me.

i vježbat ćete sa mnom kako se koristi.

The passive voice is used often

Trpno stanje je oblik često korišten

by native English speakers.

od strane izvornih govornika.

It's a mistake to think that it's only used

Pogrešno je misliti da se koristi samo

in formal speech.

u formalnom govoru.

It's also used informally, quite a bit!

Također se koristi neformalno,poprilično!

So stay with me through this entire lesson,

Ostanite sa mnom kroz cijelu ovu lekciju

keep focused

i budite usredotočeni

it's not that long.

nije toliko dugo.

Before we keep going, a quick little reminder to join

Prije nego što nastavimo, kratki podsjetnik da se pridružite

the mmmEnglish grammar challenge.

gramatičkom izazovu mmmEnglish.

You'll get to practise the 10 most common grammar

Vježbat ćete 10 najčešćih gramatičkih

mistakes that English learners make

grešaka koje čine učenici engleskog jezika

and learn how to avoid them with me.

i samnom nauči kako ih izbjeći.

And if you join and complete the challenge by

A ako se pridružite i dovršite izazov

by the end of May,

do kraja svibnja,

you could win one of the many, many prizes

možete osvojiti jednu od mnogobrojnih nagrada

that we've got going on.

koje smo pripremili.

So why should you use the passive voice?

Dakle zašto treba da koristite trpno stanje?

Well there are times when you don't want to say who

Pa, nekada ne želite reći tko

or what did the action.

ili što je netko uradio

Maybe you're trying to avoid responsibility

Možda pokušavate izbjeći odgovornost

for something you did

za nešto što ste uradili

or you don't want to get your mate into trouble

ili ne želite da se vaš supružnik nađe u nevolji

or maybe you don't know who did the action or

ili možda ne znate tko je to učinio

or because actually the object is the most important

ili zato što je zapravo objekt najvažniji

or the most interesting part of the sentence.

ili najzanimljiviji dio rečenice.

So that's the thing that the action is happening to

Ako je ono što se događa važnije

not the thing that is doing the action.

nego ono što radi akciju.

You can use the passive to change

Možete koristiti trpno stanje da promjenite

the focus of your sentence.

fokus vaše rečenice.

So let's go back a moment.

Dakle, vratimo se na trenutak.

To understand the passive voice,

Da bi razumjeli trpno stanje,

I should really first explain the active voice

treba prvo objasniti aktivno stanje

but you already know it,

ali već to znate,

it looks like like this.

to izgleda ovako.

The children ate the cake.

Djeca su jela tortu.

Subject, verb, object.

Subjekt, glagol, objekt

Now most English sentences

Sada većina engleskih rečenica

are more complicated than this but we'll start simply.

je složenije od ovoga, ali jednostavno ćemo početi.

The subject does the action to the object.

Subjekt izvršava radnju na objektu.

The children ate the cake.

Djeca su jela tortu.

Now, imagine that you left for work in the morning

Sada, zamislite da ste se ujutro otišli na posao

and there was a whole cake on the kitchen table.

i na kuhinjskom stolu je bio čitav kolač.

But by the time you got home,

Ali kad ste došli kući,

it had completely disappeared.

posve je nestao.

You don't know who ate it,

Ne znate tko ga je pojeo,

I mean, you could probably guess, but you don't know.

Mislim, vjerojatno biste mogli pogoditi, ali ne znate.

Where is this cake?

Gdje je kolač?

The cake was eaten

Kolač je pojeden

by somebody.

od nekoga.

So the solution is to use the passive voice

Dakle, rješenje je da koristite trpno stanje

because we don't know who ate the cake.

jer ne znamo tko je pojeo kolač.

Now, sometimes we're just more interested

E sada ponekad smo samo zainteresirani

in the object of the sentence rather than the subject.

za objekt u rečenici, rađe nego za subjekt

English speakers frequently use the passive voice.

Engleski govornici često koriste trpno stanje glagola.

But this lesson isn't about English speakers,

Ali ova lekcija ne govori o engleskim govornicima,

it's about the passive voice.

riječ je o trpnom stanju glagola.

It's the most important thing.

To je najvažnija stvar.

So we can change it to say the passive voice

Zato možemo promijeniti i reći da je trpno stanje glagola

is frequently used by English speakers.

često korišteno od engleskih govornika.

Now you'll often read passive sentences in newspapers

Često ćete čitati pasivne rečenice u novinama

when the journalist can't say who did something.

kada novinar ne može reći tko je nešto učinio.

Maybe because they don't know who did it.

Možda zato što ne zna tko je to učinio.

It's also used in scientific reports and legal documents

Također je korišteno u znanstvenim izvješćima i pravnim dokumentima

because the information has to be objective

jer informacije moraju biti objektive

so often there is no subject.

tako često nema subjekta.

Now some other really common passive expressions

Ili neki drugi uobičajeni pasivni izrazi

that you already know.

koje već znate.

Be born.

Biti rođen.

We don't say "My mother bore me on June 23rd 1989."

Ne kažemo: "Moja majka me rodila 23. lipnja 1989. godine."

I was born on June 23rd 1989.

Nego rođen sam 23. lipnja 1989. godine.

When your friend tells you about his new colleague,

Kada vam vaš prijatelj priča o svom novom kolegi,

he won't say "People call him Tony"

on neće reći "Ljudi ga nazivaju Tony"

he'll say "He's called Tony" or "He's named Tony"

reći će "On se zove Tony" ili "njegovo ime je Tony"

'The Stand' was written by Stephen King.

"Stand”je napisao Stephen King.

The movie Deadpool was directed by Tim Miller.

Film "Deadpool" je režirao Tim Miller.

The national anthem was sung by Fergie.

himnu je pjevala je Fergie.

In all of these really common examples,

U svim ovim primjerima,

you can see the structure of the passive voice.

možete vidjeti strukturu trpnog stanja glagola.

The be verb followed by the past participle.

Glagol "biti" je ispred prošlog participa

I thought we only use the past participle verb

Mislila sam da koristimo samo prošli glagolski particip

in the perfect tenses?

u svršenom glagolskom vremenu?

Yeah we do use it in the perfect tenses

Da, koristimo ga u svršenom glagolskom vremenu

and in the passive voice.

i trpnom stanju glagola.

If you see the be verb followed by

Ako vidite glagol "biti"

the past participle form,

ispred prošlog participa

you know that this is a passive sentence.

znate da je to pasivna rečenica.

So let's go back to the first example to explain the form

Zato se vratimo na prvi primjer kako bismo objasnili obrazac

of a passive sentence.

pasivne rečenice.

If our active sentence is "The children ate the cake"

Ako je vaša aktivna rečenica "Djeca su pojela kolač"

the passive sentence is

pasivna rečenica je

"The cake was eaten by the children"

"Kolač je pojeden od djece"

The object of the active sentence becomes the subject

Objekt aktivne rečenice postaje subjekt

in the passive sentence.

u pasivnoj rečenici.

To make the object of the active sentence

Da bi objekt aktivne rečenice

become the subject,

postao subjekt,

we actually need to change a few things in our sentence

zapravo moramo promijeniti nekoliko stvari u našoj rečenici

So are you ready to learn how to do that?

Jeste li spremni naučiti kako to učiniti?

Here's our active sentence,

Evo naše aktivne rečenice,

to make a passive sentence,

da bismo napravili pasivnu rečenicu,

we need to use the passive tense

trebamo koristiti trpno stanje glagola

and there are six steps to turn an active sentence

i tu je šest koraka da aktivnu rečenicu pretvorimo

into a passive sentence.

u pasivnu rečenicu

Now you might want to take a notepad out

Sada biste mogli uzeti notepad

so that you can write them down as we go.

tako da ih možete zapisati dok idemo.

Step one, identify the subject, the verb and the object

Prvi korak, prepoznajte subjekt, glagol i objekt

of the active sentence.

aktivne rečenice

Step two, move the object to become the new subject

Korak dva, premjestite objekt da postane novi subjekt

of our sentence.

naše rečenice

Step three, check the active sentence.

Treći korak, provjerite aktivnu rečenicu.

What is the verb tense in the active sentence?

Koje je glagolsko vrijeme u aktivnoj rečenici?

This is really important because the passive voice

Ovo je važno zbog trpnog stanja glagola koje

exists across different tenses

postoji u različitim vremenima,

so you must check what tense the active sentence is in

tako da morate provjeriti glagolsko vrijeme u aktivnoj rečenici

to make your passive sentence correct.

da ispravno sastavite pasivnu rečenicu.

It's in the past simple, "The children ate the cake".

U prošlom vremenu je jednostavno, "djeca su jela kolač".

Good!

Dobro!

Step four, conjugate the verb be

Korak četiri, promijenite glagol "biti"

so that it's in the same tense

tako da je u istom vremenu

as the main verb in the active sentence.

kao glavni glagol u aktivnoj rečenici

We need to change our be verb

Moramo promijeniti naš glagol " biti"

verb to the past simple

u prošlo glagolsko vrijeme

so it becomes was or were

tako da postaje "bio" ili "su"

depending on the new subject

ovisno o novom subjektu

and our new subject is the cake

I naš novi subjekt je kolač

so we can choose was, "The cake was".

pa bismo mogli izabrati "je", "Kolač je bio".

Step five,

Peti korak,

add the past participle of the main verb after be.

dodati prošli particip glavnog glagola iza glagola "biti"

So looking back at the active sentence,

Tako ako pogledamo na aktivnu rečenicu,

the main verb is eat,

glavni glagol je "jesti"

though it's in past simple form

iako je u prošlom jednostavnom obliku

but can you think of the past participle of eat?

ali može li se sjetiti prošlog participa od "jesti"?

Eaten, right?

"jeo"

Now the last step, step six,

Sada posljednji korak, šesti korak

you need to decide what to do with the subject

morate odlučiti što učiniti sa subjektom

of your active sentence.

u aktivnoj rečenici.

The children.

Djeca.

In the passive voice, you don't have to include

U pasivnom glagolskom obliku ne morate uključiti

the thing that is doing the action.

stvar koja radi akciju.

You can completely remove

Možete potpuno ukloniti

that former subject from your sentence

bivši subjekt iz vaše rečenice

and that's helpful if you don't know who ate the cake

i to je korisno ako ne znate tko je pojeo kolač

or you don't want to say who it was

ili ne želite reći tko je to bio

or you don't care - maybe it's not important.

ili vas nije briga - možda to nije važno

But you can add it to the end of your sentence

No, možete ga dodati na kraju rečenice

with the word by.

sa riječju "by"

The cake was eaten by the children.

Kolač su pojela djeca.

Let's look at some more examples together.

Pogledajmo zajedno još neke primjere .

The house was built in 1893.

Kuća je sagrađena 1893.

The car will be sold by the weekend.

Kola će biti prodana do vikenda

The washing had been left out in the rain.

Ispiranje je ostavljeno kiši.

Many people's lives were saved.

Život mnogih ljudi spašen je.

Can you see the passive form here?

Možete li vidjeti pasivni obrazac ovdje?

The be verb is always there but it tells us the tense.

Glagol "biti" je uvijek prisutan, ali nam govori koje je vrijeme.

It helps to describe when something happened

Pomaže nam opisati kada se nešto dogodilo

and it also conjugates with the subject.

i također se mijenja sa subjektom.

People's lives were saved.

Ljudski životi su spašeni.

The house was built.

Kuća je sagrađena.

And the be verb is always followed

I glagol "biti" je uvijek prije

by the past participle.

prošlih participa.

We can also explain who or what did the action

Također možemo objasniti tko je učinio ili što je učinilo

by adding by.

dodajući "by"

The house was built by her grandfather.

Kuću je izgradio njezin djed.

This car will be sold by the salesman.

Ovaj automobil će prodati prodavač.

The washing had been left out in the rain

Njen muž je ispiranje ostavio kiši

by her husband.

Many people's lives were saved by the volunteers.

Volonteri su spasili mnoge živote ljudi.

Okay let's try a new sentence together.

U redu, pokušajmo zajedno s novom rečenicom.

I want you to do this one with me please.

Želim da to učinite sa mnom.

Can you remember the six steps?

Možete li se sjetiti šest koraka?

Someone has stolen my neighbour's car.

Netko je ukrao automobil mog susjeda.

This is an active sentence.

Ovo je aktivna rečenica.

Now can you remember step number one?

Sada se možete sjetiti koraka broj jedan?

It's easy! Identify the subject, verb and object.

To je lako! Odredite predmet, glagol i objekt.

Step two, make the object the subject.

Korak dva, učinite objekt subjektom.

Step three,

Treći korak

tell me what tense is used

recite mi koje glagolsko vrijeme je korišteno

in the original active sentence.

u originalnoj aktivnoj rečenici.

The present perfect tense.

Sadašnje savršeno vrijeme.

Step four, you need to conjugate the be verb

Četvrti korak, morate povezati glagol,

so that it's in the same tense.

tako da je u istom vremenu

The neighbor's car has been.

Susjedov automobil je bio.

We're using has because the subject is now the car.

Koristimo "je" jer je automobil sada subjekt .

Step five, add the main verb in past participle form.

Korak pet, dodajte glavni glagol u obliku prošlog participa.

The neighbor's car has been stolen.

Susjedov automobil je ukraden.

It's the same verb as the original sentence,

To je isti glagol kao u izvornoj rečenici,

which was also the past participle.

koji je također prošli particip.

Step six, decide

Šesti korak, odlučite

do you need to include the thing that did the action?

trebate li uključiti onog tko je učinio akciju?

Is it really that important?

Je li to doista važno?

Maybe not

Možda ne

because we don't really know anything about who did it,

jer zapravo ne znamo ništa o tome tko je to učinio,

it's just someone.

to je netko

I'd probably just leave it as

Vjerojatno bih ostavio samo

my neighbor's car has been stolen.

automobil mog susjeda je ukraden.

But if we knew a little bit more about who or what did it,

Ali ako bismo znali malo više o tome tko je ili što je to učinio,

we could definitely include it.

mogli bismo ga definitivno uključiti.

My neighbor's car has been stolen by someone.

Netko je ukrao automobil mog susjeda.

My neighbor's car has been stolen by a monkey.

Majmun je ukrao automobil moga susjeda.

So the passive form always includes the be verb

oblik trpnog stanja uvijek uključuje glagol

with the past participle

s prošlim participom

and if you need to include any information about

i ako trebate uključiti sve informacije o tome

what or who did the action use by.

što ili tko je učinio akciju pomoću "by".

Okay, I've got

U redu, imam

three more examples for you to practise with.

još tri primjera s kojima možete vježbati.

We made lots of money in 2002.

Zaradili smo mnogo novca 2002. godine.

Lots of money was made by us in 2002.

Puno novca je zarađeno (od strane nas) u 2002.

I will clean the house on Monday.

U ponedjeljak ću očistiti kuću.

The house will be cleaned by me on Monday.

Kuća će biti očišćena (od strane mene) u ponedjeljak.

He built the house for his parents.

Sagradio je kuću za svoje roditelje.

The house was built by him for his parents.

Kuća će biti sagrađena (od strane njega) za roditelje.

Okay now that's enough for this lesson

Dobro sad je dovoljno za ovu lekciju

but there is actually a lot more to practise

ali tu zapravo treba još puno vježbati

about the passive voice

o trpnom stanju glagola

like how to use the negative forms and questions,

poput kako koristiti negativne oblike i pitanja,

how to use modal verbs in the passive voice,

kako koristiti modalne glagole u trpnom obliku,

how to include adverbs of manner

kako uključiti priloge za način

to explain how something is done.

da se objasni kako se nešto radi.

But there is enough information right there

Ali postoji dovoljno informacija zapravo

for a whole new lesson so I'll get to that.

za čitavu novu lekciju pa ću doći do toga.

Practise your passive sentences in the comments

Vježbajte pasivne rečenice u komentarima

under this video and make sure that you

ispod ovog videozapisa i

subscribe to the mmmEnglish Channel

pretplatite se na kanal mmmEnglish

if you haven't already.

ukoliko već niste.

Just click that red button down there.

Samo kliknite taj crveni gumb tamo dolje.

Then I can let you know when I've got

Da ne biste propustili

a new lesson ready for you.

novu lekciju koju spremam za vas.

Don't forget to sign up to the

ne zaboravite se prijaviti na

mmmEnglish grammar challenge,

mmmEnglish gramatički izazov

you can do that right here.

to možete učiniti upravo ovdje.

Sign up and complete the challenge

Prijavite se i dovršiti izazov

before the end of May 2018

prije kraja svibnja 2018

and you could win!

i možete osvojiti!

There are t-shirts to give away,

majice koje ću dati,

there are mmmEnglish courses

mmmEnglish tečajeve

and five chances

i pet šansi

to meet me on Skype for conversation practice.

da me sretnete na Skypeu za vježbanje razgovora.

So come and join and improve your grammar with me.

Zato dođite i pridružite se i poboljšajte gramatiku sa mnom.

That's it from me today, I'll see you next week

To je danas od mene, vidimo se idući tjedan

for another mmmEnglish lesson. Bye for now!