What if Women Built the World They Want to See? | Emily Pilloton-Lam | TED

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Helen Chang

(Saw whirrs)

（電鋸聲）

Picture a typical construction site.

想像一個典型的工地。

The heavy machinery

有重型機器，

and the work trucks filled with lumber and steel.

作業卡車滿載著木材和鋼材。

Now picture the construction crew

現在，想像一下施工團隊，

hard at work in their DayGlo vests and hard hats,

辛勤工作，穿著 DayGlo 背心、

戴著安全帽，

their tool belts slung over dusty dungarees.

工具腰帶就吊在骯髒的工作褲邊。

Now picture that that crew is all women.

現在，想像那個團隊全是女性。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

(Saw whirs)

（電鋸聲）

So if you just had a brief moment of cognitive dissonance,

如果你剛才產生了短暫的認知失調，

you're probably not the only one.

你可能並不孤單。

Our stereotypical image of “the construction worker” is male.

我們對於「建築工人」的 刻板印象就是男性。

And by the numbers, it's not hard to see why.

看數字應該就不難知道為什麼。

Only 11 percent of the construction industry in the US is female,

在美國，營造業只有 11% 是女性，

and that includes operational positions.

包含營運職位在內。

On the front lines of actual construction sites,

在實際工地的前線上，

only four percent of construction workers are female.

只有 4% 的工人是女性。

(Drill whirrs)

（電鑽聲）

Four percent.

4%。

Just one in 25.

二十五人當中只有一名女性。

That's totally unacceptable.

那是完全無法接受的數字。

But it's also a huge opportunity, both for women and for the trades.

但這也是個很大的機會，

對女性而言是， 對這些行業而言也是。

A new wave of tradeswomen --

女工匠的新浪潮——

carpenters, welders, electricians and masons --

木工、焊工、電工、石匠——

are rising through the ranks,

正在不斷向上爬，

armed with their power tools,

她們配備的武器是電動工具、

creative thinking and new ideas

有創意的思考，

以及對於我們的世界能／ 應該由誰來建造的新想法。

about who can and should get to build our world.

(Drill whirrs)

（電鑽聲）

I am determined to help more women enter into and grow in the trades

我下定決心要協助更多女性 進入這些行業並在行業中成長，

because these are exciting, well-paying and essential jobs.

因為這些工作很讓人興奮、 有高薪，且不可或缺。

More than just an economic opportunity, though,

不過，這不只是經濟上的機會，

is a chance for women to play an equal and substantive role

也是在建造我們實體世界時，

讓女性有機會扮演 平等且重要的角色。

in the making of our physical world.

Construction for many women is purpose-driven work,

對許多女性來說，營建 是一種目的導向的工作，

a career in which power tools represent personal power.

在這個職涯中，電動工具 代表的是個人的能力。

I want to walk on sidewalks,

我希望我走過的人行道，

cross bridges and enter buildings

越過的橋樑，和進過的建築物

that I know were raised by a community of builders

都是由能代表我們所有人的 建築業所建起的。

that represents us all.

(Applause)

（掌聲）

I want to live in a world built by women,

我想要生活在女性建造的世界裡，

and I mean that in the most literal sense.

我這麼說，就是字面上的意思。

從我有記憶以來， 我就喜歡建造東西。

I have loved building things for as long as I can remember.

And when I was 16 years old, a petite, nerdy, multiracial young woman,

我十六歲時，

是個嬌小、怪咖型、 多種族混血的年輕女子，

I walked on to my first construction site, and it changed everything.

我走到了我的第一個工地，

而一切就此改變。

(Saw whirrs)

（電鋸聲）

As I worked alongside skilled masons and carpenters,

當我和老練的石匠及木工一起共事，

learned how to frame a roof and mix concrete by hand,

學習如何建構屋頂的骨架 以及用手攪拌混凝土，

for the first time in my life, I felt powerful.

這是我人生第一次感到自己很強大。

(Saw whirrs)

（電鋸聲）

And at the end of that project,

在那項專案的尾聲，

I stood back and looked at what we had built --

我向後站，看著我們建造的成果——

a town park with a performance stage, paths and public furniture,

小鎮的公園，

裡面有表演舞台、 小徑，及公共家具，

and I knew that I had something to contribute to the world.

我知道我可以對世界做出貢獻。

Construction transformed my hopes and anxieties

營建把我的希望及焦慮轉換

into something tangible and beautiful,

成為實在又美好的東西，

something that I could point to and say: “I built that.”

我可以指向這些東西， 說：「這是我建造的。」

So I went on to study architecture,

所以，我繼續去讀建築。

and then I worked in architecture and construction management.

接著，我進入建築 及營建管理的領域工作。

And as I found myself on job sites more frequently,

當我越來越常前往 工作地點時，我發現

I was almost always the only woman.

我幾乎都是唯一的女性。

And it never crossed my mind to quit because of this,

我從來沒有因為這樣 就起了放棄的念頭，

but I did feel very lonely, and I longed for a sense of community.

但我確實感到非常寂寞，

很渴望有群體的歸屬感。

（電鋸聲）

(Saw whirrs)

And over the past two decades,

在過去二十年間，

as I have found and built that community for myself,

我自己為自己創造、 建立那樣的群體，

I've realized that the reasons that I love construction are not unique.

我發現，

我熱愛建造的原因 並不是獨一無二的。

And that for my fellow tradeswomen,

且，對我的女工匠夥伴而言，

we all walk on to a job site with the same shared sense of purpose.

我們走在工地時，都抱著 相同的明確目標，

We know that for us, building is both our power and our voice.

我們知道，對我們而言，

建造就是我們的力量和聲音。

(Saw whirrs)

（電鋸聲）

When I talk to my fellow tradeswomen,

當我和我的女工匠夥伴談時，

they agree that working in construction is gratifying,

她們都認同，

在營造業工作很讓人滿足、 有創意，且很有趣。

it’s creative, and it’s fun.

It does not require some stereotypically masculine brute strength --

並不像刻板印象認定的那樣 需要陽剛的蠻力——

that is what heavy machinery is for.

有重機械來做就行了。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Construction is mostly problem-solving,

營建工作的重點在於解決問題、

視覺和空間的推論， 以及大量的溝通與團隊合作。

visual and spatial reasoning and a lot of communication and teamwork.

For women, a job in construction can pay more than twice the hourly wage

對女性來說，

營建工作的薪水

是兒童照管或健康照護

of a comparable job in child care or health aid work.

同等級相關工作的時薪的兩倍以上。

And while the gender pay gap in the US hovers around 82 cents earned by women

雖然在美國，性別工資落差大約是

男性每賺一塊錢， 女性可賺八十二分錢，

for every male-earned dollar,

in construction, the pay gap is nearly nonexistent,

在營造業，工資幾乎沒有差別，

at 99 cents to the dollar.

一塊錢對九十九分錢。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Construction and construction management

營造和營造管理

are also among the fastest growing jobs for women

也名列在能讓女性 有最快速成長的工作當中，

with clear paths into advancement and leadership.

有明確的途徑可以晉升， 進入領導階層。

These are also jobs

這些工作也有邊賺邊學的訓練計畫，

with learn-while-you-earn training programs,

making them financially feasible careers to enter or to transition into.

進入或轉入這類職涯， 在財務上是可行的。

(Drill whirrs)

（電鑽聲）

The trades desperately need women, too.

這些行業也迫切需要女性加入。

With over 300,000 jobs left unfilled,

還有三十多萬個職缺待補，

women are a hugely untapped labor pool.

女性是尚未被利用的 巨大勞動力資源。

And this is a time when the demand for infrastructure is only growing.

且此時此刻，基礎建設的 需求只會不斷成長。

And new building technologies will require new skills

新的建造技術會需要新的技能

and new perspectives

以及新的觀點，

to break from the way it's always been done.

以突破以往慣用的舊方式。

(Drill whirrs)

（電鑽聲）

We already understand the value

我們已經了解讓更多女性

of having more women in historically male-dominated spaces,

進入歷史上由男性主導的 空間中有什麼價值，

like politics, C-suites and STEM.

比如政治、

公司高層、理工科。

What is it going to take for tradeswomen to take part and to take over?

需要做些什麼，

才能要讓女工匠參與

並接手？

We do need a few things from the industry in greater numbers.

我們的確需要這個產業 在幾個方面協助加把勁。

We need more active recruitment

我們需要更多主動的招募，

and more equitable hiring practices.

以及更平等的聘僱方式。

And we need leaders of all genders

我們需要各種性別的領導人

to step up, advocate for a better workplace culture

站出來，

提倡更好的工作場所文化，

and to bring others along with them.

並引導其他人這麼做。

(Saw whirrs)

（電鋸聲）

But our best invested effort is looking to the future.

但心力最好是投資在 對未來的期望上。

We must create intentional spaces

我們必須要刻意創造一些空間 給下一代的女工匠，

for the next generation of tradeswomen to learn technical skills

讓她們可以學習技術技能，

while being unconditionally supported by a community of other women.

同時能得到其他女性 群體的無條件支持。

(Drill whirrs)

（電鑽聲）

So in 2008, I founded a nonprofit

2008 年，

我成立了一個非營利機構，

to teach design and construction skills to middle and high school students,

教導設計及營建技能，

對象是國高中學生，明確來說 是有色人種的年輕女性。

specifically young women of color.

Now, nearly 14 years later,

現在，將近十四年後，

that nonprofit, Girls Garage,

那個非營利機構，「女孩車庫」，

has taught over 1,000 girls and gender-expansive youth

已經教導了超過一千名 女孩及廣泛性別的年輕人

how to use power tools --

如何使用電動工具——

(Applause)

（掌聲）

how to use power tools,

如何使用電動工具、

weld, draft construction documents

做悍接、

起草建設文件，及在工作地點工作。

and work on a job site.

我們已經同心協力，為我們 社區的其他非營利機構完成了

And together we have built over 150 pro-bono projects

for other nonprofits in our community.

超過一百五十個公益建案。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

(Drill whirrs)

（電鑽聲）

When young women walk into Girls Garage,

當年輕女性走進「女孩車庫」，

they're acknowledged as capable and whole.

她們會被視為是有能力、完整的人。

They are taught by female instructors

教導她們的是女性指導者，

who are architects and carpenters and welders,

這些指導者本身是 建築師、木工，及悍工，

who have lived lives and who've walked paths

她們所經歷過的生活、走過的路，

similar to their own.

和這些學員相似。

When a student uses the chop saw for the very first time,

當學員初次使用斜切鋸，

I'm standing right next to them saying, "You got this."

我就站在她們旁邊， 說：「你行的。」

And these are the things that make the difference.

能夠造成不同就是這些事。

And so the next generation of tradeswomen, our students,

所以，下一代的女工匠， 也就是我們的學員，

will enter the trades

會進入這些行業，

knowing what it feels like to be respected and valued

知道被尊重、被珍視 是什麼樣的感覺，

and will know how to demand it when they're not.

如果沒有，也知道要如何索求。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

I may not have had a female mentor on my first construction site,

也許，在我去的第一個工地中 並沒有女性導師來帶我，

but I can pay forward what I lacked to the 16-year-old in front of me.

但我可以把我當初沒有的，傳遞出去

給我面前的十六歲女孩。

In step with other youth organizations and apprenticeship programs,

我們與其他青年組織及學徒 專案計畫採取一致的步調，

we're creating strong communities of tradeswomen

建立強力的女工匠群體，

as a microcosm for what we believe the industry needs at a macro level.

我們相信，在宏觀的層面上， 這個產業需要這些人。

We're filling their toolboxes with drills and saws and ferocity and joy.

我們會將她們的工具箱 裝滿電鑽、電鋸、

威猛，和喜悅。

These are the young women

這些年輕女性

who will go forth to build the world we all want to see.

會向前邁進，建造 我們想要看見的世界。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So when I picture a construction site, they are the crew that I imagine.

所以，當我想像一個工地時，

她們就是畫面中的施工團隊。

This is my actual Girls Garage crew, the construction crew of my dreams.

這些人是「女孩車庫」的團隊， 幫我建造夢想的團隊。

This is not a pipe dream.

這不是個白日夢。

It's already a reality,

它已經實現了，

but one that we must name and nurture and multiply.

但我們必須要為它命名、

培養它、擴大它。

It is our job now to demand unconditional support for tradeswomen

現在，我們的工作

是請求給予女工匠無條件的支持，

in their quest to play a vital role in the construction of our world.

讓她們能努力扮演關鍵的角色，

建造我們的世界。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）