My 105 Days in Taliban Prison -- and a Call to Aid Afghanistan | Safi Rauf | TED

翻译人员: Fred Tsang 校对人员: Grace Man

It's 8:15pm in Afghanistan right now.

现在是阿富汗时间下午 8:15 分。

And at this time, 10 days ago,

十天之前的同一时间，

I was sitting

我正处于喀布尔安保最严格的监狱 其中一个 8x8 英寸的地下牢房里，

in an eight-foot-by-eight-foot cell

in the basement

of a maximum-security prison in Kabul,

where I was being held captive by the Taliban.

那是我被塔利班俘虏的地方。

I'd been in that cell for 104 days,

我在牢房中呆了 104 天，

and yet, I was one of the lucky ones.

然而，我是幸运儿之一。

But I'm getting ahead of myself.

但是我讲得有点太快了。

Let me go back to the beginning.

让我们回到最开始的时候。

This is me.

这是我。

I'm five years old and living in an Afghan refugee camp

我五岁，住在一个位于巴基斯坦 白沙瓦的阿富汗难民营中。

in Peshawar, Pakistan.

You can see the two patches on my UNHCR-donated jeans.

你可以看见我联合国难民署捐赠的 裤子上的两个补丁。

One patch is an American flag and the other is the Statue of Liberty,

一个是美国国旗， 另外一个是自由女神像，

the quintessential beacons of the American dream I so badly wanted.

这是我极其渴望的 美国梦的典型标志。

But as a refugee, I didn't have a state to call home.

然而作为一个难民， 我没有可以被称作“家”的国家。

And not having a state, I didn't have rights.

因为没有国籍， 所以我没有权利。

And not having rights, I didn't have a voice.

因为没有权利， 我不能够发声。

I needed someone to advocate for me.

我需要一些人支持我。

And I was fortunate to have two advocates.

我很幸运能够拥有两个支持者。

My parents, who had emigrated to the US four years ahead of me,

我的父母比我提前四年 移民到了美国

fought tirelessly to get me to America for those four years.

他们为了能把我也带到美国， 在这四年中不知疲倦地努力奋斗。

They gave me a voice.

他们让我能够发声。

They gave me the American dream.

他们帮助我实现了美国梦。

And my parents' advocacy allowed me to join them,

我父母的努力和支持 让我能够加入他们。

to emigrate to Omaha, Nebraska,

移民到内布拉斯加州的奥马哈市，

to go to high school in the states

在美国上高中，

to serve in the military,

去军队服役，

to graduate as a Tillman Scholar from Georgetown University,

以一名提尔曼学者的身份 从乔治城大学毕业，

to get accepted into medical school.

最后又被医学院录取。

I became the American dream.

我实现了美国梦。

(Cheers and applause)

（欢呼和鼓掌声）

And in my dream, everything came full circle.

在我的梦想中， 所有事情汇集成了一个圆形。

This past summer, I deferred one dream for another

去年夏天，我因为一个愿望， 而搁置了另一个愿望。

when I put medical school on hold,

我搁置了医学院的学业，创建了 “人本主义联盟”（Human First Coalition)。

founded Human First Coalition,

an organization dedicated to aiding Afghans in need.

这是一个致力于 救助需要帮助的阿富汗人的组织。

Having spent the first 17 years of my life stateless,

我人生的前 17 年 都在无国籍的状态中度过，

I rather abruptly found myself

我突然发现自己开始扮演 塑造了我大部分人生的

in the role of the humanitarian aid worker who had shaped so much of my life.

人道主义援助工作者的角色。

I became that advocate and that voice for others.

我开始支持他人， 为他人发声。

And becoming an aid worker,

成为一个援助工作者后，

I got to provide food, medical care and shelter

我必须为成千上万的阿富汗人 提供食物、医疗保健和避难所。

for thousands of Afghans.

I got to operate resettlement flights for thousands more,

我必须管理数以千计的安置航班，

and I got to make multiple trips to Kabul, with the Taliban’s blessing,

我也必须多次前往 塔利班镇压下的喀布尔去监管全局。

to oversee it all.

But then, on December 18, 2021,

但后来，在 2021 年 12 月 18 号之后

everything changed.

一切都改变了。

That morning, which started off like any other morning,

在那个一切都看似很平常的早上，

I was suddenly, inexplicably and unexpectedly

我突然莫名其妙、未曾预料地 被塔利班拘留了。

taken into Taliban custody.

As I was being driven

当我正在被送往塔利班情报总部时，

to the Taliban’s General Directorate of Intelligence headquarters,

我被告知只需回答几个常规问题，

I was told that I just needed to answer a few routine questions,

然后我就能被送回我的酒店。

and then I’d be sent back to my hotel.

然而几个小时后 我却被带入了地下室。

Instead, a few hours later, I was brought into that basement room.

Three roommates, no blanket, no mattress, no pillow, no sun,

三个室友，没有毯子， 没有床垫，没有枕头，没有阳光

no way to communicate with the outside world

没有和外面世界联系的办法， 也不知道我会变成什么样子。

and no clue what was to become of me.

And from that moment on, I stayed in that basement

从那一刻起， 我在阿富汗隆冬天气的地下室里，

in the dead of the Afghan winter, for 105 days.

呆了 105 天，

The entire time, I feared that I might be taken in front of a firing squad,

整个期间，我每时每刻都在害怕 我可能会被带到行刑队前。

at any minute.

And on the 45th day,

在第 45 天时，

I was beaten and tortured by 11 men wielding pipes,

我被 11 个男人用水管爆揍， 此时我已经饿了 8 天。

after eight days on a hunger strike.

I had done nothing wrong.

而我没有做错任何事。

But again, I was lucky.

但我再说一次，我是幸运的。

I not only had several exceptional advocates,

我不仅拥有几个杰出的支持者， 我还有支持我的国家。

but I had a state.

The US government game me a voice

美国政府让我能发声， 并且肯定了我的人权。

and asserted my human rights,

and that's what ultimately led to my release

这最终让我在 10 天前得以释放。

10 days ago.

(Applause)

（鼓掌声）

And on the day of my release,

我获释那天，

following a four-hour flight from Kabul to Qatar,

乘坐从喀布尔到卡塔尔的 四小时航班，

the euphoria I felt as I walked off that plane is indescribable.

我无法描述 走下飞机时的喜悦心情。

But amidst the triumph and joy of homecoming,

但是沉浸在回家的快乐中的同时，

something was amiss.

我发现有些事情不对劲。

On the day of my release, I returned to society

被释放的那天， 我重新开始接触社会，

to find that the humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan was only getting worse,

发现阿富汗的人权问题 变得更加糟糕。

the whole world was fixated on Ukraine,

整个世界都在关注乌克兰，

and nearly every Afghan resettlement effort

近乎所有阿富汗的重新安置工作 都处于暂停或者草草结束的状态，

was on pause or had ground to a screeching halt,

with no effective resolution in sight.

看不到任何有效的解决方案。

And that was a huge letdown.

这让我感到非常失望。

And that is why I decided that before even visiting my family,

这也是我决定先去处理工作 而不是与家人团聚的原因。

I had to get back to work.

Because the truth of the matter is 95 percent of Afghans

因为现实摆在那里：

95% 的阿富汗人 现在还没有足够的食物。

are currently not getting enough to eat.

22.8 million are facing crisis levels of hunger.

2280 万人正在经受饥荒。

97 percent are living below the poverty line.

97% 的人在贫困线以下生活。

And 9 million are living in extreme poverty.

900 万人处于极度贫困中。

And these are the individuals who fought alongside us

这些是过去 20 年来 在国际联盟中与我们并肩作战的人。

in the international coalition for the last 20 years.

They are our allies.

他们是我们的同盟。

They are our brothers and sisters,

他们是我们的兄弟姐妹。

and they are in desperate straits.

他们正处于极大的困难之中。

The magnitude of the work ahead is staggering.

即使工作量大得惊人，

But we have to start somewhere.

但我们总得开始做。

And the question becomes "What should we do?"

于是问题变成了： 我们该做些什么？

In my mind, four things.

我脑海中有四件事情。

First, we must bolster humanitarian aid provisions

首先，我们必须加强 国际社会的人道主义援助，

for the international community

by increasing support for and donations to grassroots organizations

增加对拥有基础设施的基层组织 的支持和捐助，

that have infrastructure to ensure aid is getting directly into the hands

以确保援助直达 最需要援助的人手中。

of the people who need it the most.

And that's not just my organization --

不仅仅是我的组织——

there are so many support-worthy groups doing exceptional work in Afghanistan,

有很多值得支持的团体 在阿富汗做着出色的工作，

and we need resources now.

但我们现在需要资源。

Second, we, government

第二，我们，

and citizens of the 36 countries who fought in Afghanistan

在阿富汗作战的 36 个国家的政府和公民

must keep our promises to our Afghan allies,

必须履行 我们对阿富汗盟友的承诺，

to whom we owe a debt,

偿还欠亏欠他们的债，

by fast-tracking their resettlement,

如快速跟踪他们的重新安置计划，

be it in the United States or elsewhere.

无论是安置在美国还是其他地方。

(Applause)

（掌声）

This, first and foremost, necessitates resettling refugees

这首先需要重新安置

who are currently waiting in camps around the world,

目前在世界各地的难民营中 等待的难民，

to reach a place that they can call home.

帮他们找到一个 可以称之为家的地方。

It also calls upon the international community to increase quotas

它还呼吁国际社会

for Afghan allies

增加阿富汗盟友的配额，

to accept more at-risk Afghans for permanent resettlement

以对更多处于危险中的阿富汗人 进行永久安置，

and to expand programs like humanitarian parole,

并扩大人道主义假释等项目，

to generate more pathways for those in need.

为有需要的人创造更多途径。

Third ...

第三……

As we find pathways forward for these individuals,

当我们为这些人 寻找前进的道路时，

we must not separate families, we must preserve them.

我们决不能拆散家庭， 我们必须保全他们。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Or, at the very least, create strict limits

或者，至少要对家庭分离的时间

for the amount of time that families can be separated.

做出严格限制。

Family separation like mine generates irreparable harm.

像我这样的家庭分离 会产生不可弥补的伤害。

But clear and specific change to existing admission policies

但是，对现有收容政策 进行明确和具体的修改，

can ensure that other minors do not face the same fate

可以确保其他未成年人不会面临

that befell me and my family.

我和我的家人所遭遇的分离命运。

Fourth -- and this is the most important of them all --

第四，这也是最重要的一点，

we must reestablish an international diplomatic presence in Afghanistan,

我们必须在阿富汗 重建国际外交机构，

to hold the Taliban accountable for their actions

让塔利班对其行为负责，

and provide consular services to the people.

并为人们提供领事服务。

It opens a channel to address Taliban’s actions,

它为应对塔利班的行动 开辟了一条渠道，

rather than cutting off,

而不是切断、

isolating and eliminating avenues for influence.

孤立和消除影响的途径。

And I've witnessed what engagement with the Taliban can look like firsthand.

我亲眼目睹了 与塔利班的接触会是什么样子。

The negotiations that resulted in my release from captivity

促成我被释放的谈判

were the direct result of effective diplomacy with the Taliban

是在世界舞台上与塔利班 进行有效外交的直接结果。

on the world stage.

Diplomats spoke to each other openly and resolved an issue of mutual concern.

外交官们相互公开交谈， 解决了一个共同关注的问题。

And while the success of this discussion is perhaps an anomaly,

虽然这次讨论的成功 可能是一次反常现象，

the kind of diplomacy demonstrated by my release

但我的释放所展示的 那种外交途径

can and should serve as a model for achieving other desired change

可以而且应该成为实现阿富汗 未来其他理想变化的模式，

for the future of Afghanistan,

such as the restoration of girls' education above grade six,

例如恢复女孩六年级以上的教育、

freedom of press, bolstering women's rights,

新闻自由、支持妇女权利，

and most urgently, increasing humanitarian assistance.

以及最紧迫的，增加人道主义援助。

At the same time --

与此同时——

(Applause)

（掌声）

At the same time, our diplomacy can't be a blank check.

与此同时， 我们的外交不能是一张空白支票。

The Taliban must live up to their end of the bargain

塔利班必须履行他们的协议，

to demonstrate that they are ready to engage in diplomacy,

以证明他们已准备好参与外交，

as an actor that upholds basic human rights,

作为一个维护基本人权、

that ensures necessary freedoms

确保必要自由

and that does not take or hold hostages.

和不劫持或扣留人质的行为者。

(Applause)

（掌声）

At the end of the day,

最后，

the situation in Afghanistan is an extremely complex one.

阿富汗的局势 是一个极其复杂的局势。

It can't be summed up in an eight-minute talk

这不是一个我在经历囚禁后

I wrote four days ago, emerging from captivity.

四天前写出来的一个八分钟演 讲所能概括的。

Yet there are tangible solutions,

然而，有切实的解决方案，

and I'm in the privileged position of being able to advocate for them,

我处于能够倡导这些解决方案 的优势地位上，

but I'm here today to tell you that you are too.

但我今天在这里要告诉你们， 你们也是如此。

The truth of the matter is,

事情的真相是，

especially in the case of Afghanistan,

特别是在阿富汗的情况下，

change has always and will continue to start with everyday people.

变革一直并将继续从普通人开始。

This fall, tens of thousands of people from around the world

今年秋天，来自世界各地的数万人

banded together at the grassroots level to aid Afghans in need.

在基层团结起来， 援助需要帮助的阿富汗人。

You don't need to be an expert to engage,

你不需要成为专家才去参与，

to volunteer, to contribute, to lobby,

去做志愿者，去做贡献，去游说，

or even to simply welcome a refugee to advocate for them.

甚至只是欢迎一个难民 来为他们发声。

As Margaret Mead once said,

正如玛格丽特·米德（Margaret Mead） 曾经说过的，

"Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens

“永远不要怀疑， 一小群有思想、有决心的公民

can change the world.

可以改变世界。

Indeed, it's the only thing that ever has."

事实上， 它是唯一能改变世界的东西。”

On the afternoon of my release 10 days ago,

在 10 天前获释的那个下午，

I, at long last, climbed out of my basement cell

我终于爬出了地下室的牢房，

and into the sunlight,

来到了阳光下，

without anything binding my hands or covering my eyes.

没有任何东西束缚我的手 或遮住我的眼睛。

I could see the sky.

我看到了天空。

I traveled out of the prison through Kabul city in a Corolla sedan.

我乘坐一辆卡罗拉轿车离开监狱， 穿过喀布尔市。

I passed the American embassy

我经过美国大使馆，

and arrived at the Kabul International Airport.

来到了喀布尔国际机场。

I walked onto the tarmac, I climbed into the C-17,

我走上停机坪， 爬上 C-17 飞机，

I shook hands with American, Qatari and British diplomats,

与美国、卡塔尔 和英国外交官握手，

and suddenly, I was a free man again.

突然，我又成了一个自由人。

But again, I was one of the lucky ones.

再说一次， 我只是其中一个幸运儿。

Ultimately, being a captive reminded me of a time when I was helpless

归根结底， 成为俘虏让我想起了我无助的时候，

and needed a voice.

需要一个声音。

Now that I'm released, I have my voice back,

现在我被释放了， 我又有了自己的声音，

and, mercifully, it puts me in a position where I can advocate

而且，令人欣慰的是，这使我能够

for that little boy with the Statue of Liberty patch

为那个在联合国难民署 捐赠的牛仔裤上

on his UNHCR-donated jeans,

打着自由女神徽章、

chasing the American dream.

追逐美国梦的小男孩代言。

I hope you'll join me.

我希望你们能加入我。

(Applause)

（掌声）