A Crash Course in Making Political Change | Katie Fahey | TED

50,876 views ・ 2023-11-22

TED


请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。

翻译人员: Yutian Gao 校对人员: suya f.
00:04
When the Flint water crisis happened in Michigan,
0
4417
2962
当密歇根州的弗林特水危机发生时,
00:07
I was already feeling pretty disillusioned with the state of the world.
1
7420
3504
我已经对世界状况感到非常失望。
00:11
I was 27, I had an hour-long commute to work.
2
11424
4130
我那时候27岁, 上下班 有长达一个小时的路程。
00:15
I worked in the recycling industry, which I liked,
3
15554
2377
我曾在回收行业工作,我很喜欢,
00:17
but I spent most of my day crawling around in garbage cans.
4
17931
2794
但我一天中的大部分时间 都在垃圾桶里四处爬行。
00:21
And I would listen to the radio on my hour-long commute
5
21226
3670
我会在长达一个小时的通勤路上听广播,
00:24
and hear about how there were all these bills
6
24896
2294
听到密歇根州人民
00:27
that the people of Michigan wanted to see passed,
7
27232
2627
希望通过的所有法案,
00:29
yet our legislature wasn't doing anything about it.
8
29901
3128
但我们的立法机构却无动于衷。
00:33
And I found out that the reason they weren't
9
33405
2085
我发现他们之所以不通过,
00:35
was because of a thing called gerrymandering,
10
35532
2711
是因为有一种叫做选区划分的东西,
00:38
which basically meant that when voting districts were being drawn,
11
38243
3587
这基本上意味着在划定选区时,
00:41
our politicians would pick and choose which voters they wanted voting for them
12
41871
4630
我们的政客会挑选他们 希望投票给他们的选民,
00:46
to all but guarantee that they were going to win the election,
13
46501
3003
以确保他们能赢得选举,
00:49
or that their political party was going to win an election.
14
49504
3420
或者他们的政党能赢得选举。
00:52
I kept thinking like: How is this the world we live in?
15
52966
4254
我一直在想:我们生活 在怎样的世界里?
00:57
Kids don't have clean water,
16
57721
1543
孩子们没有干净的水,
00:59
politicians aren't doing anything and aren't afraid of our vote.
17
59264
3045
政客们什么也没做, 也不害怕我们的投票。
01:02
Like, doesn't anybody care?
18
62309
1668
没人在乎吗?
01:04
And why doesn't somebody do something about this?
19
64561
3587
那为什么没有人对此做点什么?
01:09
And I didn't realize that soon, by accident,
20
69441
3461
但我没有意识到,
01:12
I would figure out that actually a lot of people do care.
21
72902
2712
偶然间我发现,实际上 很多人是确实在乎的。
01:16
That next morning, before going to work,
22
76656
3420
第二天早上,在上班之前,
01:20
just kind of out of frustration,
23
80076
1544
出于无奈,
01:21
I made a post on Facebook, and it said:
24
81661
2252
我在Facebook上发了一篇帖子, 上面写着:
01:23
"Hey, I want to take on gerrymandering in Michigan.
25
83955
2795
“嘿,我想解决密歇根州 的选区划分问题。
01:26
If you want to help, let me know :)"
26
86791
3128
如果你想帮忙,请告诉我 :) ”
01:29
And -- the emoji was very key.
27
89961
2670
并且 —— 表情符号非常关键。
01:32
And I didn't think that this would actually do much of anything.
28
92631
3003
而且我没想到这实际上会起到什么作用。
01:35
I thought maybe I'd find a couple other friends
29
95675
2211
我想也许我会找到
01:37
who thought this was a big deal.
30
97886
1543
同样认为这很重要的另外几个朋友,
01:39
Maybe we'd volunteer somewhere.
31
99471
1501
也许我们会在某个地方做志愿者。
01:40
I certainly didn't think that it would lead
32
100972
2002
我当然不会想像,
01:43
to a political movement of over 10,000 people,
33
103016
3128
这会导致超过1万人的政治运动 ,
01:46
that it would lead to amending our state constitution
34
106186
3295
也不认为这也会导致修改我们的州宪法,
01:49
or actually restoring faith in democracy in our state in general.
35
109481
3920
或者确实恢复对整个州民主的信心。
01:53
But when I went to work
36
113443
1627
但是当我去上班
01:55
and then at lunchtime, checked social media,
37
115111
2753
然后在午餐时间查看社交媒体时,
01:57
I started to see that people were responding.
38
117864
2878
我开始看到人们在回应。
02:00
And they were saying things like,
39
120742
1627
他们说的话比如:
02:02
"I've cared about this issue for such a long time.
40
122369
2335
“我关心这个问题已经很长时间了。
02:04
I'm so glad you're doing something about it."
41
124746
2127
我很高兴你在为此付出行动。”
02:06
"Please let me know how I can help."
42
126915
1752
“请告诉我该如何提供帮助。”
02:08
"Katie, let's do this thing."
43
128667
2210
“凯蒂,让我们做这件事吧。”
02:10
And that's when it struck me like, oh no.
44
130919
2919
它震撼我的时候我的反应是,“哦不”。
02:13
(Laughter)
45
133838
3254
(笑声)
02:17
These people think I know what I'm doing,
46
137092
2794
这些人以为我知道自己在做什么,
02:19
and I did not.
47
139928
1918
但我却不知道。
02:21
So I quickly Googled: “How do you end gerrymandering?”
48
141888
3754
于是我很快在谷歌上搜索了一下: “你如何结束选区划分?”
02:25
(Laughter)
49
145642
2586
(笑声)
02:29
And it turns out that it's all related to a process
50
149020
3587
结果全都导向一个
02:32
called the redistricting process.
51
152607
1668
被称为重新划分的程序。
02:34
And if you wanted to end gerrymandering,
52
154275
2044
而且,如果你想结束选区划分,
02:36
you had to get the politicians to stop being the ones
53
156319
3212
就必须让政客们
02:39
getting to pick and choose who their voters were.
54
159572
2419
停止选择选民是谁。
02:42
And that made a lot of sense,
55
162033
1418
这很有道理,
02:43
because when politicians would draw these lines,
56
163493
3295
因为当政客们划清界限时,
02:46
instead of keeping communities together,
57
166830
2127
我们得到的
02:48
we would get districts that look like this.
58
168998
2086
不是让社区团结起来, 而是选出看起来像这样的选区。
02:51
In no way does that represent an actual group of people.
59
171668
2627
这绝不代表一个真实的群体。
02:54
(Laughter)
60
174337
1126
(笑声)
02:55
And why this was particularly important in Michigan
61
175839
2669
这在密歇根州之所以特别重要,
02:58
is we're a pretty purple state.
62
178508
1627
是因为我们是一个紫色的州。
03:00
And what I mean by that
63
180135
1167
我的意思是,
03:01
is that about half of us vote for Democrats
64
181344
2169
我们当中大约有一半人 投票支持民主党人,
03:03
and about half of us vote for Republicans.
65
183555
2752
大约一半的人投票给共和党人。
03:06
And that should mean
66
186349
1168
这应该意味着
03:07
that about half of our representatives should be Democrats
67
187517
2836
我们的代表中大约 有一半应该是民主党人,
03:10
and about half of them should be Republicans.
68
190395
2336
其中大约一半应该是共和党人。
03:12
But depending on which political party would be in charge
69
192731
2711
但是,视哪个政党将负责
03:15
of that redistricting process,
70
195442
1501
重新划分过程而定,
03:16
they would actually have a majority of the elected representatives,
71
196943
3545
他们实际上将获得当选代表的多数,
03:20
or sometimes even a super majority,
72
200530
2002
有时甚至是绝大多数,
03:22
even though they might have received less than half of the votes
73
202532
3045
尽管他们获得的选票可能不到一半
03:25
or exactly half.
74
205577
1251
或恰好一半。
03:26
And that would then mean
75
206870
1167
那就意味着,
03:28
that they don't even have to talk to anybody on the other side of the aisle,
76
208037
3587
在通过任何类型的法律时,
03:31
when passing any kind of laws.
77
211666
1585
他们甚至不必与另一道的任何人交谈。
03:33
And the other important part
78
213293
1418
另一个重要部分是,
03:34
is that redistricting only happens once every 10 years.
79
214753
3461
重新划分每10年才进行一次。
03:38
So you have half of the state being locked entirely out
80
218256
2753
因此,该州有一半的地区
03:41
of the decision-making process for 10 years at a time.
81
221009
3170
每次都被完全排除在决策 过程之外,持续10年之久。
03:45
It did not seem like a good way to be doing democracy.
82
225013
3587
这似乎不是实现民主的好方法。
03:48
So we went to the politicians and we were like,
83
228600
2210
于是我们去找政客们, 然后我们的样子就像说
03:50
"You guys should change that."
84
230852
1460
“你们应该改变这种状况。”
03:52
And they were like, "No."
85
232353
1252
然后他们的样子就像在说,“不。”
03:53
(Laughter)
86
233646
4213
(笑声)
03:58
They were not interested in giving themselves less power.
87
238735
3420
他们对减少自己权力的事不感兴趣。
04:02
But thankfully, we figured out
88
242155
2210
但值得庆幸的是,我们发现
04:04
that in Michigan we had a form of direct democracy,
89
244407
2669
现在密歇根州有一种直接民主的形式,
04:07
and it was called the ballot initiative process.
90
247118
2419
它被称为投票倡议程序。
04:09
And so I turned to my coworker Kelly,
91
249871
2169
于是我求助于我的同事凯丽,
04:12
we were at our recycling job,
92
252040
1668
我们正在做回收工作,
04:13
and we started getting to work to figure out,
93
253750
2127
同时我们开始努力弄清楚,
04:15
OK, what is this ballot initiative process?
94
255877
2002
嗯,这个投票倡议的流程是什么?
04:17
What can this actually do?
95
257921
1334
这到底能做什么?
04:19
And we broke it down into three different steps.
96
259255
2461
我们将其分解为三个不同的步骤。
04:21
One, we had to write constitutional language.
97
261758
3378
第一,我们必须写宪法语言。
04:25
Didn't know how to do that.
98
265178
1293
不知道该怎么做。
04:26
Two, we had to gather a lot of signatures
99
266971
2461
第二,我们必须收集很多签名,
04:29
and we didn't know how to do that either.
100
269432
2878
也不知道该怎么做。
04:32
Three, we had to get about half of our state to vote "yes"
101
272352
4129
第三,我们必须让大约一半的州人
04:36
on wanting to amend the constitution to end gerrymandering.
102
276523
2794
对修改宪法以结束选区 划分的提议投赞成票。
04:39
And guess what?
103
279317
1210
你猜怎么着?
04:40
We didn't know how to do that either.
104
280527
1793
我们依旧不知道该怎么做。
04:42
But we had this Facebook post
105
282362
1835
但是我们在Facebook上 发布了这篇帖子,
04:44
that then we turned into a Facebook group,
106
284239
2127
然后,我们把它变成了 一个Facebook群组,
04:46
and we started seeing all of these people coming in who were absolutely amazing.
107
286407
4422
我们开始看到这些人都非常了不起。
04:50
A lot of them were just like me, they voted consistently,
108
290829
2836
他们中的许多人,就比如我, 我们始终如一地投票,
04:53
they cared about the world's problems,
109
293665
1835
关心世界问题,
04:55
but they weren't really interested in volunteering for a political campaign
110
295500
3670
但他们对志愿参加政治运动
04:59
or one party or the other.
111
299212
2127
或某个党派并不感兴趣。
05:01
But these people are amazing.
112
301339
1543
但是这些人太神奇了。
05:02
I mean, we had veterinarians, doctors, birthing doulas.
113
302924
3879
我的意思是,我们有兽医、 医生、分娩助产士。
05:06
We had butchers and veterans
114
306845
1960
我们有屠夫和退伍军人,
05:08
and even 16-year-old kids who couldn't vote yet
115
308847
2919
还有16岁的孩子, 他们甚至还无法投票,
05:11
but wanted to be a part of creating a change
116
311808
2085
但他们想参与打造创新,
05:13
so that by the time they could vote, it would actually be legit.
117
313893
3003
这样当他们可以投票时, 投票就会真正合法。
05:16
So what we started to do was figure out, OK, what are all these campaign tasks?
118
316938
4004
所以我们开始做的是弄清楚,好, 所有这些需要满足的条件是什么?
05:20
And then what are all these skills we have?
119
320984
2002
我们有哪些技能?
05:23
And how do we start bringing them together?
120
323027
2002
以及我们如何开始将它们聚集在一起呢?
05:25
For example, we had a woman
121
325071
1293
例如,我们有一位女士,
05:26
who had been in charge of the Renaissance Festival
122
326364
2377
多年来一直负责
05:28
for years in Michigan.
123
328741
1669
密歇根州的文艺复兴节。
05:30
And she actually started creating our first fundraising plan.
124
330451
4380
她开始制定我们的第一个筹款计划。
05:34
And the reason she did that
125
334873
1292
她之所以这样做,
05:36
is because she had experience raising money for kind of weird stuff.
126
336165
3212
是因为她有为一些奇怪的 事情筹集资金的经验。
05:39
(Laughter)
127
339419
3211
(笑声)
05:43
And we had another woman who is absolutely amazing,
128
343214
2419
还有一位非常了不起的女性,
05:45
her name was Jamie,
129
345633
1210
她的名字叫杰米,
05:46
she was an engineer and a retired high school math teacher,
130
346843
3211
她是一名工程师,也是 一位退休的高中数学老师,
05:50
and she was basically the only person
131
350096
1794
她基本上是唯一一个
05:51
who had actually volunteered for a political campaign before.
132
351890
2877
真正自愿参加政治竞选的人。
05:54
So she had gathered signatures,
133
354767
1544
因此,她收集了签名,
05:56
she had knocked on doors,
134
356311
1293
她利用工程和数学方面的技能,
05:57
and using her skills in engineering and math,
135
357604
2377
当敲门砖,
06:00
she figured out, how could we take thousands of us
136
360023
2502
她想出了一个办法, 一个如何让我们成千上万的人
06:02
to actually end up reaching millions of voters.
137
362567
3211
最终真正接触到数以 百万计的选民的方法。
06:05
And that all was really exciting.
138
365778
2128
这一切都非常令人兴奋。
06:07
And then I had a volunteer, Rebecca,
139
367947
2169
然后我有了一个志愿者,丽贝卡,
06:10
and she came up to me and she's like, "I really want to volunteer.
140
370116
3128
她来找我,她说: “我真的很想当志愿者。
06:13
I have time to do it, but I don't think there's any way I can contribute."
141
373286
3503
我有时间去做,但我认为 我无法做出任何贡献。”
06:16
I was like, "Alright, well, what do you do?"
142
376831
2086
我当时想,“好吧,那, 你是做什么工作的?”
06:18
She was a stay-at-home mom.
143
378917
1334
她是个全职妈妈。
06:20
And I said, “First of all, that comes with a lot of skills.
144
380293
2794
然后我说:“首先, 这需要很多技能。
06:23
So we've got a lot to work with. But what are your hobbies?"
145
383087
2837
因此,我们还有很多工作要做。 那你的爱好是什么?”
06:25
She said, "I'm a Jazzercise instructor and a woodcarver."
146
385965
3754
她说:“我是一名 爵士乐教练和木雕师。”
06:29
Great, great.
147
389761
1126
太棒了,太棒了。
06:30
We're going to find a place.
148
390929
1501
我们要去找个地方。
06:32
So we started thinking, how could we apply these skills?
149
392430
3420
于是我们开始思考, 我们怎样才能运用这些技能?
06:35
Well, it turns out, in order to gather a bunch of signatures,
150
395850
2920
好吧,事实证明, 为了收集一大堆签名,
06:38
you actually need a bunch of clipboards.
151
398770
1960
你实际上需要一堆剪贴板。
06:40
And buying clipboards, even in bulk, is super expensive.
152
400730
3003
而且,购买剪贴板, 即使是批量购买,也非常昂贵。
06:44
And we started from a Facebook post, so we did not have a lot of money.
153
404067
3336
我们聚集源于脸书上的一篇帖子, 所以我们没有很多钱。
06:47
And when we went to our Facebook group and we said,
154
407445
2836
我们进入脸书群组说:
06:50
"Hey, can you guys help us figure out what we might be able to do,"
155
410323
3170
“嘿,你们能不能帮我们想想 我们能做些什么。”
06:53
it turns out we not only had one, but several wood carvers.
156
413493
2836
结果发现我们不止有一个木雕师,
06:56
And the woodcarvers said, "Hold on, give us a second."
157
416371
2544
然后木雕师说: “等等,等我们一会儿。”
06:58
They went away, made a plan and came back.
158
418957
2085
他们走了,制定了计划然后回来。
07:01
And they had decided to create gift registries at Home Depots and Lowe's
159
421084
3712
他们决定在全州的 Home Depots和Lowe’s
07:04
across the state,
160
424837
1210
创建礼物登记处,
07:06
reserving wood so we could cut our own clipboards.
161
426089
3295
预留木材,以便我们自己切割剪贴板。
07:09
Then they found warehouses where we could then cut those clipboards
162
429384
3670
然后他们找到了仓库,然后我们 可以在那里剪下这些剪贴板
07:13
and start assembling them.
163
433096
2085
然后开始组装。
07:15
Then they were thinking a lot about these clipboards,
164
435223
2502
他们对这些剪贴板进行了很多思考,
07:17
so they started to think about like,
165
437725
1752
他们开始思考,
07:19
how do we make them longer so they can hold both a petition
166
439477
2794
如何延长剪贴板的时间, 这样他们既可以保存请愿书,
07:22
as well as gathering contact information from people.
167
442271
3212
也可以收集人们的联系信息。
07:25
And then they wanted all of us to be able to be recognized as volunteers.
168
445483
3629
然后,他们希望我们所有人 都能被认定为志愿者。
07:29
So they added a nice little red stripe
169
449153
2127
因此,他们添加了一条漂亮的红色条纹,
07:31
so that people could know that we're part of the Ending Gerrymandering campaign.
170
451322
3837
这样人们就可以知道我们是 结束选区划分活动的一部分 。
07:35
And they even thought about how could we turn this clipboard itself,
171
455201
4213
他们甚至想过,
07:39
if we're going to make such an investment in them,
172
459455
2378
如果我们要对剪贴板 进行类似投资的操作,
07:41
into an actual tool to educate people on the process in general.
173
461833
4171
把它本身变成教育人们 了解整个过程的实际工具。
07:46
They ended up being able to make these clipboards
174
466045
2294
他们最终能够以每张33美分 而不是11美元的价格
07:48
for only 33 cents each instead of 11 dollars.
175
468339
4046
制作这些剪贴板。
07:52
Yes.
176
472427
1126
是的。
07:54
And the only reason we were able to do any of that,
177
474178
3087
而我们之所以能够做到这一点,
07:57
so that everybody could have a professional tool
178
477306
2253
让每个人都能拥有一款专业工具,
07:59
that made them feel confident when talking to strangers about civics,
179
479559
3295
让他们在与陌生人 谈论市政学时感到自信,
08:02
was because we had a wood carver as a volunteer.
180
482895
3337
唯一的原因是因为 我们有一位木雕师作为志愿者。
08:06
And that was one of the first moments when I started to realize
181
486274
3670
那是我开始意识到,
08:09
that like, us not "doing politics" as our day job was actually our strength.
182
489986
5380
我们不像日常工作那样 “做政治” 实际上是我们的强项。
08:16
We were looking at democracy as how we hoped it would be
183
496242
2961
我们把民主看作是我们所希望的样子,
08:19
instead of the brokenness that it already was.
184
499245
2920
而不是像以前那样破碎。
08:22
And so when we were looking at writing the constitutional language,
185
502206
3170
因此,当我们考虑起草宪法语言时,
08:25
we wanted to take that spirit and apply it.
186
505376
2503
我们想发扬这种精神并将其付诸实践。
08:27
At the time in Michigan, politicians were refusing to hold town halls.
187
507920
3504
当时在密歇根州, 政客们拒绝举行市政厅会议。
08:31
They didn't want to meet with their constituents
188
511466
2252
他们不想与选民们会面,
08:33
because they were getting a lot of criticism,
189
513718
2127
因为他们受到了 很多批评,
08:35
because they were writing laws that nobody wanted.
190
515845
2711
因为他们正在起草没人想要的法律。
08:38
And so at a time when we weren't being listened to,
191
518598
2461
因此,在没有人倾听我们意见的时候,
08:41
we thought, OK, let's go listen to each other instead.
192
521059
3086
我们想,好吧,让我们改为 去听对方的心声。
08:44
So we made a plan to go and ask people
193
524187
2127
因此,我们制定了一个计划,
08:46
what would they want in a redistricting process,
194
526314
2294
询问人们在重新划分过程中他们想要
08:48
what would one that works well
195
528649
1669
一个运行良好、
08:50
and that we could have trust in actually look like?
196
530359
2420
我们可以信赖的系统究竟是什么样的?
08:52
We set a goal of going to every congressional district,
197
532820
2795
我们设定了前往每个国会选区的目标,
08:55
and we weren't sure if people were going to show up
198
535656
2420
但我们不确定是否会有人出席,
08:58
because we were brand new organization, just starting.
199
538076
2544
因为我们是一个全新的组织, 才刚刚起步。
09:00
But to our surprise,
200
540620
1168
但令我们惊讶的是,
09:01
it was standing room only at almost every single location.
201
541829
3629
几乎每个地点都只有站立位。
09:05
And we would hear all of these people saying, you know,
202
545458
2586
我们会听到所有这些人说,你知道,
09:08
“I have lived in this community my whole life,
203
548086
2168
“我一生都生活在这个社区,
09:10
and a politician has never even visited our city once.
204
550254
3295
政治家从来没有访问过我们的城市。
09:13
And yet here you are, a random stranger from across the state,
205
553591
3504
但是你在这里, 一个来自全州的随机陌生人,
09:17
not only listening to me,
206
557095
1418
他们不仅在听我的话,
09:18
but making sure that my opinion is going to be used
207
558513
2419
还要确保我的观点将在宪法修正案中
09:20
in a constitutional amendment."
208
560973
2503
得到采用。”
09:23
And what my favorite part was,
209
563518
2168
我最喜欢的部分是,
09:25
is you would have people coming in really skeptical of each other,
210
565686
3129
有人对彼此持怀疑态度进来,
09:28
never having really had a conversation with a Democrat or a Republican
211
568815
3336
从未真正与民主党人、共和党人
09:32
or an Independent.
212
572151
1168
或独立人士交谈过。
09:33
And they would start to talk to each other
213
573361
2043
然后他们就会开始互相交谈,
09:35
and realize that we had a lot more in common
214
575446
2169
意识到我们有更多的共同点,
09:37
and all of us just wanted a political process that worked.
215
577615
3837
我们所有人都只想要 一个行之有效的政治程序。
09:41
And so instead of focusing on those differences,
216
581452
2252
因此,我们不必关注这些差异,
09:43
we were able to focus on actual solutions.
217
583746
2711
我们应该专注于实际的解决方案。
09:46
So once our beautiful language written by the people of Michigan
218
586999
3587
因此,当我们由密歇根州人民 书写的优美语言
09:50
was ready to go,
219
590628
1168
准备就绪后,
09:51
we then got to gather those 315,654
220
591796
4046
我们在180天内 收集到密歇根州315,654个
09:55
registered Michigan voter signatures in 180 days.
221
595842
3920
已登记的选民签名。
09:59
But thankfully, we had that math teacher, so ...
222
599762
3337
但值得庆幸的是, 我们有那位数学老师,所以...
10:03
(Laughter)
223
603141
3962
(笑声)
10:07
We figured out that if we could get about 1,000 of us
224
607145
3003
我们发现,如果我们 当中的大约 1000人,
10:10
to gather about 17 signatures a day,
225
610189
2461
每天收集到大约 17 个签名,
10:12
we'd be able to meet this goal.
226
612692
1835
我们就能实现这个目标。
10:14
But because we had gone around the state
227
614527
1918
但是,由于我们在全州各地走动,
10:16
and we had listened to people about what they wanted,
228
616487
2670
听取了人们对他们想要什么的看法,
10:19
they all wanted to make sure that this constitutional amendment passed.
229
619157
3753
他们都想确保这项 宪法修正案获得通过。
10:22
We ended up having over 4,000 people
230
622910
2503
最终有4,000多人
10:25
who were willing to come and gather signatures.
231
625454
2378
愿意来收集签名。
10:27
And they had tons of creativity about how to talk to people about gerrymandering,
232
627832
4296
在如何与人们谈论选区划分方面, 他们有大量的创造力,
10:32
And they were willing to do anything to gather those signatures.
233
632170
3086
而且他们愿意为收集 这些签名做任何事情。
10:35
They went into parades and even literal cow pastures
234
635256
3712
他们参加游行,甚至去名副其实的牧场,
10:39
in order to make sure
235
639010
1168
以确保,
10:40
that we were getting the people of Michigan to sign.
236
640219
2586
我们能让密歇根州人民签字。
10:42
And we ended up blowing that goal out of the water.
237
642847
2711
结果我们打破了目标。
10:45
We were able to gather over 442,000 signatures.
238
645600
4254
我们能够收集到 超过442,000 个签名。
10:49
(Cheers and applause)
239
649896
3878
(欢呼和掌声)
10:53
In only 110 days, may I add.
240
653774
3170
请允许我补充一点, 在短短的110天内。
10:57
And although there is no geographic requirement
241
657403
2544
尽管对这些签名的来源没有地域要求,
10:59
of where those signatures came from,
242
659989
1752
但实际上
11:01
we actually gathered signatures in each of Michigan's 83 counties,
243
661782
3796
我们在密歇根州的83个县收集了签名,
11:05
truly making it for, by and of the people of Michigan.
244
665620
4045
真正做到 “为密歇根人民服务、 由密歇根人民创造、属于密歇根人民”。
11:09
So then we just needed people to vote on the darn thing.
245
669707
3754
因此,我们只需要人们 对这个该死的东西进行投票。
11:13
And on November 6, 2018,
246
673502
2753
2018年11月6日,
11:16
2.5 million people, 61 percent of the state,
247
676297
4046
250万人(占该州的 61%),
11:20
overwhelmingly voted "yes" to end gerrymandering
248
680343
2919
以压倒性多数投了赞成票, 要求结束选区划分
11:23
and to enstate an independent citizen’s redistricting commission.
249
683262
3420
并成立一个独立的公民重新划分委员会。
11:26
(Cheers and applause)
250
686724
6715
(欢呼和掌声)
11:35
Shortly after that, we got to see
251
695691
1710
不久之后,我们就能看到
11:37
did this constitutional law, written by a bunch of strangers, actually work?
252
697443
5005
这部由一群陌生人编写 的宪法是否真的有效?
11:42
And so our commission started to come together.
253
702490
3086
因此,我们的委员会开始汇集起来。
11:45
Thirteen strangers were selected.
254
705576
2503
十三个陌生人被选中。
11:48
Four Democrats, four Republicans and five independent voters.
255
708079
3879
四名民主党人、四名共 和党人和五名独立选民。
11:51
They couldn't be politicians,
256
711958
1418
他们不是政客,
11:53
they couldn't be lobbyists,
257
713417
1377
不是说客,
11:54
they just had to be regular people.
258
714835
2086
他们只需要是普通人。
11:56
Those people were then invited to represent the state.
259
716963
4462
然后,这些人被邀请代表该州。
12:01
So there was a lottery to make sure
260
721425
1710
因此,密歇根州进行了一次抽签,
12:03
that the demographics actually kind of matched who the people of Michigan were,
261
723135
3921
以确保人口统计数据与密歇根州 人民的实际情况相吻合,
12:07
making it one of the only decision-making bodies in Michigan
262
727098
2836
使其成为密歇根州唯一一个
12:09
that actually looks like the people of Michigan.
263
729934
2836
与密歇根州人民实际 情况相吻合的决策机构。
12:12
They then had the task of going around the state
264
732812
2252
然后,他们的任务是走遍全州,
12:15
and gathering input from people,
265
735106
1543
收集人们的意见,
12:16
asking them what they wanted to see in the redistricting process.
266
736649
3503
询问他们在重新划分 过程中想要看到什么。
12:20
And they held town halls that also had standing room only,
267
740194
3295
他们举办市政会议也只有站立位,
12:23
even though it was only very shortly after COVID.
268
743489
3086
尽管那是在新冠肺炎之后不久。
12:26
This commission ended up passing maps
269
746617
2252
该委员会最终通过了
12:28
that are the most fair maps that Michigan has ever had.
270
748911
2961
密歇根州有史以来最公平的地图。
12:31
And in the first election they were used in, in 2022,
271
751914
3212
而在2022年的第一次选举中,
12:35
how people voted was an exact match
272
755126
3170
人们的投票
12:38
for how elected representatives were elected.
273
758337
3253
与当选代表的当选完全一致。
12:41
This is my personal district in the "before" and "after" picture.
274
761632
3420
这是我的个人区域在 “之前” 和“之后” 的照片。
12:45
My favorite part about all of this
275
765052
2294
这一切中我最喜欢的部分是,
12:47
is that because we actually changed the constitution,
276
767388
2753
由于我们实际上修改了宪法,
12:50
it means that in future redistricting processes,
277
770182
3087
这意味着在未来的重新划分过程中,
12:53
this is going to have to be the same process that's used,
278
773269
3003
这必须与所使用的程序相同,
12:56
which means that future voters will be guaranteed to have fair elections
279
776272
4337
这意味着未来的选民 将得到保证获得公平的选举
13:00
from here on out.
280
780609
1419
从这里开始。
13:02
I'm sure that each of you guys
281
782069
1460
我敢肯定,你们每个人
13:03
have something that keeps you up at night,
282
783571
2002
都有一些能让你彻夜难眠的东西,
13:05
that makes you feel like, man,
283
785614
1460
这会让你觉得,
13:07
I really wish somebody would do something about this.
284
787074
2544
伙计,我真的希望有人能为此做点什么。
13:09
And maybe you feel like you aren't qualified
285
789660
2169
也许你觉得自己没有资格成为
13:11
to be the one to do something.
286
791871
1460
做某件事的人。
13:13
Or maybe you feel like nobody is listening or cares about this issue.
287
793331
3545
或者,也许你觉得没有人在听 或没有人关心这个问题。
13:16
And I used to feel that way.
288
796917
1544
我曾经有过这样的感觉。
13:18
One thing that I did not remember
289
798919
1627
有一件事我记不起来
13:20
but ended up popping up on my social media
290
800588
2878
但最终出现在我的社交媒体上,
13:23
is I made almost the exact same Facebook post about a year earlier.
291
803507
4463
那就是大约一年前,我在 脸书上发布了几乎完全相同的帖子。
13:27
And it said like, “Hey, let’s end gerrymandering.
292
807970
2336
它说:“嘿,让我们结束选区划分吧。
13:30
Who wants to help?"
293
810348
1167
谁想帮忙?”
13:31
And nobody even liked it.
294
811515
1752
甚至没有人点赞。
13:33
And more importantly, I also didn't do anything about it.
295
813976
3879
更重要的是, 我也没有为此做任何事情。
13:37
And I think that's because I felt alone.
296
817855
3128
我认为那是因为我感到孤独。
13:40
I felt like, man, nobody's even liking this.
297
820983
2711
我觉得,伙计,没人喜欢这个。
13:43
Like, I must be the only weirdo who wants to end gerrymandering.
298
823736
3378
就像,我一定是唯一一个 想要结束选区划分的怪人。
13:47
But by the time I made that second Facebook post,
299
827156
2961
但是当我在Facebook上 发布第二篇帖子时,
13:50
what I realized was that actually,
300
830159
2336
我意识到实际上
13:52
like, a lot of us were feeling the exact same way.
301
832536
2920
我们很多人都有完全一样的感受。
13:55
We were sitting, feeling like nobody cared.
302
835498
2294
我们坐在那里,感觉好像没人在乎我们。
13:57
We really wanted this issue to be dealt with,
303
837833
2294
我们真的很想解决这个问题,
14:00
but we felt like there must be somebody else whose job it is.
304
840127
2878
但我们觉得一定 还有其他人负责这个工作。
14:03
There must be an expert out there.
305
843047
1877
那里一定有专家。
14:04
But what I have completely learned
306
844965
1836
但我完全了解到,
14:06
is that you do not have to be an expert to get involved in democracy.
307
846842
3587
你不必是专家就能参与民主。
14:10
You don't need a fancy title or a PhD,
308
850471
2127
你不需要花哨的头衔或博士学位,
14:12
you don't even have to ask permission to try.
309
852640
2794
甚至不必征得许可即可尝试。
14:15
You never know where one little step will end up leading you.
310
855851
3128
你永远不知道一小步 最终会引导你走向何方。
14:19
It might change your entire life.
311
859021
2586
它可能会改变你的一生。
14:21
And I think that's really important to remember.
312
861607
2252
而且我认为记住这一点非常重要。
14:23
I mean, there’s a place for experts, too.
313
863901
1960
我的意思是,专家也有一席之地。
14:25
I definitely should not perform open-heart surgery on any of you.
314
865861
3087
我绝对不应该对你们中的任何人 进行开膛手术。
14:28
I would not be good at it.
315
868948
1251
我不擅长的。
14:30
But we are the ones who are closest to these problems.
316
870241
3628
但是我们是最接近这些问题的人。
14:33
Our communities and our kids
317
873869
1752
我们的社区和孩子们
14:35
are the ones who do not have clean drinking water.
318
875621
2753
没有干净的饮用水。
14:38
We have the most incentive to want to fix these problems,
319
878416
2919
我们最有动力去解决这些问题,
14:41
because we live with its brokenness every single day.
320
881335
3045
因为我们每天都生活在 它的破碎之中。
14:44
And we see our communities as actual communities.
321
884797
2836
我们将我们的社区视为真正的社区。
14:47
They are our homes.
322
887675
1209
它们是我们的家园。
14:48
They aren't red or blue.
323
888926
1376
它们不是红色或蓝色。
14:50
They are just us.
324
890302
1627
他们只是我们。
14:52
So I hope all of you remember that when it comes to democracy,
325
892638
3837
因此,我希望你们所有人记住, 在民主方面,
14:56
all political power is inherent in the people.
326
896517
2628
所有政治权力都是人民固有的。
14:59
We all are those people, and this is our power.
327
899478
4922
我们就是那些人,这就是我们的力量。
15:04
I hope you don't forget that.
328
904442
1459
我希望你不要忘记这一点。
15:05
And you remain unafraid to create the world you want to live in.
329
905901
3087
你依然无所畏惧地创造 你想生活的世界。
15:08
Thank you.
330
908988
1209
谢谢。
15:10
(Cheers and applause)
331
910197
4129
(欢呼和掌声)
关于本网站

这个网站将向你介绍对学习英语有用的YouTube视频。你将看到来自世界各地的一流教师教授的英语课程。双击每个视频页面上显示的英文字幕,即可从那里播放视频。字幕会随着视频的播放而同步滚动。如果你有任何意见或要求,请使用此联系表与我们联系。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7