Loretta J. Ross: Don't call people out -- call them in | TED

132,879 views ใƒป 2021-08-04

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yujin Son ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:12
First of all, thank y'all for listening to me.
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์šฐ์„ , ์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋Ÿฌ ์™€์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
I come to y'all because most Black women don't go to Klu Klux Klan rallies
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด์œ ๋Š”, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
KKK๋‹จ ์ง‘ํšŒ์— ๊ณ ์˜๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
00:21
on purpose.
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00:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:23
I did because it was my job; I monitored hate groups.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑฐ์˜€์–ด์š”. ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ฆ์˜ค ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:28
But I really wanted to find out
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด
00:31
how people could hate strangers so much.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ์•Œ์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์›Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜€์–ด์š”.
00:36
Mostly, I wanted to work for peace and justice.
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์ €๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ‰ํ™”์™€ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:39
But fortunately for me,
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์šด์ด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ๋„,
00:41
my mentor at the time was the legendary civil rights leader Reverend C.T. Vivian,
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ์ธ๊ถŒ์˜ ์ „์„ค์ ์ธ ๋ฆฌ๋” C.T. ๋น„๋น„์•ˆ ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋‹˜์ด ์ œ ๋ฉ˜ํ† ์…จ์ฃ .
00:47
who'd been an aide to Dr. Martin Luther King.
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์€ ๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณด์ขŒ๊ด€์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ถ„์ด์…จ์–ด์š”.
00:51
And C.T. used to say,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณค ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:54
"When you ask people to give up hate,
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โ€œ์ฆ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
00:57
then you need to be there for them when they do."
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์ฆ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋น„์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ์— ์„œ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.โ€
01:01
Now, at the time C.T. said those words,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์‹  ๋™์‹œ์—
01:05
I started muttering under my breath,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชฐ๋ž˜ ํˆฌ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
01:06
because you can't curse out a preacher, you know?
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋‹˜ ์•ž์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋†“๊ณ  ์š•์„ ํ• ์ˆœ ์—†์ž–์•„์š”?
01:10
But his words didn't make any sense to me,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„ ๋ง์”€์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋„ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”.
01:13
because if the Klan hated Black folks,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด KKK๋‹จ์ด ํ‘์ธ์„ ์ฆ์˜คํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
01:15
I was all right with hating them back.
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์ €๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์ฆ์˜คํ•ด์ค˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:17
Sounded OK to me.
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์ €ํ•œํ… ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์–ด์š”.
01:20
But then something happened.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
01:22
It became my job to help people who were leaving hate groups,
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์ €๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:28
and then once I got to know them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ,
01:31
I couldn't hate them anymore.
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์ „ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:33
And then I got confused.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ „ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›€์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์ฃ .
01:36
I'm a survivor of racial violence, rape and incest,
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์ €๋Š” ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„, ๊ฐ•๊ฐ„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทผ์นœ์ƒ๊ฐ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ”ผํ•ด์˜ ์ƒ์กด์ž์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:42
and I needed to find another moral compass for my life's work.
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์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์—…์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„๋•์  ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:48
And that compass had to shift from hate to love.
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์ฆ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ค„ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:53
And so that improbable journey is why I'm here to talk to y'all today.
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๊ทธ ๋ณ„๋‚œ ์—ฌ์ •์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฑฐ๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
You know, because I really, really want to build a culture
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์ „ ๋ง์ด์ฃ , ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€
02:04
and a world
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์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
02:06
that invites people in instead of pushing them out.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์ด๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ์š”.
02:10
It's called a "calling-in culture."
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง-์ธ ๋ฌธํ™”โ€ ์ฆ‰ โ€œํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฌธํ™”โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์š”.
02:14
Now, some people really do believe
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏฟ์–ด์š”.
02:16
that the only way to do human rights work is the way they want --
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์ธ๊ถŒ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ธธ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
02:20
you know, my way or the highway.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์•ˆ ํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ฉด ๋– ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์‹์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:23
But the problem is, when many different people think many different thoughts
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
02:30
and they move in the same direction,
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์›€์ง์ผ ๋•Œ์•ผ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ
02:32
that's a movement.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์šด๋™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
But when many different people think one thought,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
02:39
and they move in the same direction,
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์›€์ง์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:41
that's a cult.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์ด๋น„ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด์ฃ .
02:43
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:45
And when you treat potential allies like enemies,
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์žฅ๋ž˜์— ๋™์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ ๋Œ€์‹œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:51
you're behaving like a cult,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์ด๋น„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€,
02:54
not the human rights movement.
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์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
My friend Dรกzon Dixon Diallo, whoโ€™s a very smart woman,
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์ €์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ด์ž ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ธ ๋ฐ์ด์ฆŒ ๋”•์Šจ ๋””์•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
03:03
says that she believes that calling in
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โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง ์ธโ€, ์ฆ‰ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
03:07
will be to this digital age human rights movement of the 21st century
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:12
what nonviolence was to the civil rights movement in the 20th century:
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋น„ํญ๋ ฅ์ด์—ˆ๋“ฏ์ด์š”.
03:19
a new way to understand how to truly achieve justice.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ •์˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:25
It's not a matter of what we do, but how we do it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Now, all of us know what calling out is --
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โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง ์•„์›ƒโ€, ์ฆ‰ ๋ง์‹ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋ฌธํ™”๋„ ๋‹ค๋“ค ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:34
our "cancel culture," as it's called --
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โ€œ์บ”์Šฌ ๋ฌธํ™”โ€๋กœ๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
03:37
you think somebody has done something wrong,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ์ €์งˆ๋ €๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
03:39
you think they should be held accountable for it,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ๋•…ํžˆ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:41
and you think they should be punished for it.
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๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
03:44
So one of those calling-out examples is, "I can't believe you just said that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์‹ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‹œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
โ€œ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋‹ˆ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋„ค์š”.
03:51
You're racist, sexist, toxic, manipulative."
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ธ์ข…, ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฃผ์˜์ž๊ณ , ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ„์„ญ์ด ์‹ฌํ•ด์š”.โ€
03:56
With this approach, you've guaranteed one thing:
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
with this blaming and shaming,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํƒ“ํ•˜๊ธฐ์™€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์‹ฌ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„๋กœ,
04:02
you just invited them to a fight, not a conversation,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹คํˆผ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
because you're publicly humiliating them.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์‹ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:11
Now, some people actually think call-outs should be used
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์‹ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ
04:15
to hold powerful people accountable,
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๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:18
and there's a lot to that.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
I mean, that's what the human rights movement has always done.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์ด ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์™”์ฃ .
04:23
But most people are calling others out out of fear.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋‘๋ ค์›€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
Or they're feeling that they need to belong to something.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์†ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
04:34
And some people think that they'll feel better about themselves
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์šฐ์›”๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋ ค๊ณ 
04:37
if they put somebody else down.
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๋‚จ๋“ค์„ ๊นŽ์•„๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:40
And then there's too many people, in my opinion,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—”, ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
04:44
who think that they can become famous by defaming somebody else.
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ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๋ช…์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ›ผ์†ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
04:50
Most of us want all of this violence to stop,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:53
but we don't know where to begin.
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์–ด๋””์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
04:55
And most of us stay silent
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ์ € ์นจ๋ฌตํ•ด์š”.
04:58
because we're afraid that we'll become the next target.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ํƒ€๊นƒ์ด ๋ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
05:02
So even if something feels unfair,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ถˆ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ์—๋„
05:06
we're silent.
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์ž…์„ ๋‹ค๋ฌผ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:08
And if you're unlucky enough to have something that you regretted
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์ •๋ง ์šด์ด ๋‚˜์˜๊ฒŒ๋„
๋‚˜์˜ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์ด ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐํ˜€ ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
05:12
captured on cell phone or in a tweet,
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05:16
you're walking around with an unexploded gotcha bomb
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ํญ๋ฐœ ์ง์ „์˜ ์‹œํ•œํญํƒ„์ด
05:19
just waiting to blow up your life or your career
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๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์ปค๋ฆฌ์–ด, ํ˜น์€ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ
05:23
or your reputation.
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๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์—†์ฃ .
05:26
I guess I need to ask:
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ผญ ๋“œ๋ ค์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
05:27
How many of us here have done something in our past
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค ์ค‘์—
๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ์ผ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ง๋„ ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„ ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
05:32
that could come back to haunt us?
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05:35
One of my students once said,
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์ œ ์ œ์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:39
"A call-out is not an invitation for growth.
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โ€œ๋ง์‹ ์€ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
It's the expectation that you've already grown."
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์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹ค ์ž๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€
05:48
This is the culture we're trapped in now.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
On the other hand,
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์—,
05:54
there is calling in.
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โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง ์ธโ€, ์ฆ‰ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:56
"Calling in" is a phrase invented by Loan Tran,
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โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง ์ธโ€์€ ๋กœ์•ˆ ํŠธ๋žœ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๊ณ ์š”.
05:59
and basically, a call-in is a call-out done with love.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์• ์ •์„ ๋‹ด์•„ ํ•˜๋Š” โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง ์•„์›ƒโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:06
So when you think somebody has done something wrong
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ์ €์งˆ๋ €๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:08
and you want to hold them accountable,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:11
you don't react with anger or hate.
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๋ถ„๋…ธ๋‚˜ ์ฆ์˜ค๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด์„  ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
06:13
You just remain calm and look at them and say --
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๊ทธ์ € ์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:16
and you can do this online and in person, too --
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์•„, ์ด๊ฑด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”,
06:19
but you just look at them calmly, and you tell them,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ์ € ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ผ์š”.
06:23
"That's an interesting viewpoint.
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์•„์ฃผ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์ด๋„ค์š”.
06:25
Tell me more."
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์ข€ ๋” ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค๋ž˜์š”?โ€
06:28
With that, you've invited them into a conversation
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
instead of a fight.
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๋‹คํˆผ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:34
And you don't have to agree with somebody to offer them loving attention.
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์• ์ •์„ ๋‹ด์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ผญ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์–ด์š”.
06:41
All you're admitting at that moment
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค๋กœ์ง€
06:44
is that there's a possibility that they're as complicated as you are.
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋‚˜๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”.
06:50
And everybody deserves to be heard and to be respected.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฝ์ฒญ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์กด๊ฒฝ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:56
And if you use this call-in practice like Iโ€™m teaching,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง ์ธโ€ ์ฆ‰ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:00
what you'll do is several things.
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์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
First of all, you'll lead with love instead of anger
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์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ถ„๋…ธ ๋Œ€์‹  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋Š๋ผ์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ,
07:08
and allow somebody else to grow.
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ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:11
Secondly, it'll affirm your own inner empathy
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๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:16
and your compassion,
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๋™์ •์‹ฌ๋„ ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด๊ณ ์š”.
07:19
and you'll feel so good about yourself when you learn that you can grow, too,
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๋‚˜ ์—ญ์‹œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ๋„ ํด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
in embracing and inviting more people into the world.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์ž„์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:30
And then the third thing is that you can call in your friends, your families,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์…‹์งธ๋กœ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ,
07:35
your neighbors, your coworkers,
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์ด์›ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด
07:37
all the people you might have given up on in the past
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด์„œ ํฌ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„๋“ค์„
07:40
because of how they've hurt you.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Now, if you're going to embrace this calling-in practice,
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์ž ์ด์ œ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์–ป์„ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์‹œ๋ผ๋ฉด,
07:46
you need some preparation.
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์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
It begins with self-assessment.
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์šฐ์„ ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
First of all, you need to know your motives.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ €, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
Why are you choosing to call somebody in or out?
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ํƒ€์ธ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฐ์ฒ™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
07:57
Are you in a healed enough space
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒ ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ
08:00
for somebody else's feelings?
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์น˜์œ ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
08:03
If you're not, maybe you're not ready to do the calling in yet.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ํฌ์šฉํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ์•ˆ ๋˜์—ˆ์„์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
08:07
But still, you have those options.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒ ์•„์ง ์„ ํƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:11
And I've taught these tactics to eighth-graders, to college students,
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์ „ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ,
08:15
to C-suite executives.
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๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ณ ์œ„ ์ž„์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์™”์–ด์š”.
08:17
And as I said, they all feel better about themselves
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ๋“ฏ์ด, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:21
for reaffirming their optimism
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์„ ์žฌํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ 
08:24
and their hope that they can make a difference in the world.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํฌ๋ง์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ์š”.
08:28
This is so, so important.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
And so, if you're not really ready to invest in somebody else's growth
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋˜์–ด์„œ
ํฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋•์ง€ ๋ชป ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:38
with a call-in,
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08:40
or you don't want the inevitable fight if you call them out,
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์  ๋น„ํŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:44
there actually is a third option.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ ํƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•ด์š”.
08:46
You can call on them to be a better person.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ โ€œ์ฝœ๋ง ์˜จโ€œ, ์ฆ‰ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:50
And this was a phrase created by Sonya Renee Taylor.
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์ด ๋ง์€ ์†Œ๋ƒ ๋ฅด๋„ค ํ…Œ์ผ๋Ÿฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
My favorite calling-on response
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€
08:57
is to look the person dead in the eye,
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์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋˜‘๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๊ณ 
09:03
cock my head to the side, like I really care,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋“ฏ์ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์˜†์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ธ ๋’ค
09:08
and say, "I beg your pardon."
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โ€œ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์ฃ ?โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:12
And then I wait.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:14
Many times, they'll start walking back their words
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ์ƒ๋Œ€๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์ฒ ํšŒํ•˜๋ ค ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:18
just because I'm looking at them like they lost their minds.
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โ€˜๋‹น์‹  ๋ฏธ์ณค๋ƒโ€™๋Š” ๋“ฏ์ด ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๋Š” ์ œ ๋ˆˆ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฌด์„œ์›Œ์„œ๋ผ๋„์š”.
09:21
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:23
We can use this calling-in, calling-out, calling-on approach
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ, ๋ง์‹ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ, ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
09:27
as part of the spectrum of responses we can make to each other,
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์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ๋ฐ˜์‘์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:31
and that's so, so important.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง, ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
One time -- let me put it this way --
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
09:37
one time, I misgendered a student in my class.
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์ œ ๊ต์‹ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์„ ์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:42
And I froze in shame because I expected the student to jump down my throat,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์— ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:47
because misgendering somebody is a really big deal nowadays.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์š”์ฆ˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์„ ์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:52
And instead, this student looked at me and offered me grace by saying,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋Œ€์‹ , ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฅธ ์ดํ•ด์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:58
"Oh, that's all right, professor. I misgender myself sometimes."
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โ€œ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”, ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜. ์ €๋„ ๊ฐ€๋” ์ œ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์„ ๊นŒ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.โ€
10:02
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:05
An 18-year-old. Showing me grace.
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๊ณ ์ž‘ 18์„ธ์˜ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ๋„“์€ ์ดํ•ด์‹ฌ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:10
Now, I believe that one of the most effective expressions of calling-in
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์ €๋Š” ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
10:14
is forgiveness.
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์šฉ์„œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
And the most powerful example of radical forgiveness I've ever seen
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋˜ ์šฉ์„œ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋Š”
10:22
happened after the 2015 church massacre in Charleston, South Carolina,
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2015๋…„ ์‚ฌ์šฐ์Šค ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜, ์ฐฐ์Šคํ„ด์˜ ๊ตํšŒ์˜ ํ•™์‚ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ดํ›„์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
where nine people were killed.
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์•„ํ™‰ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋งํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:30
And one of the victimโ€™s sons, Chris Singleton,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”ผํ•ด์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์‹ฑ๊ธ€ํ„ด์€
10:34
offered his mother's killer -- I mean, his mother's killer -- forgiveness.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํ•ดํ•œ ์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์šฉ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ ํ’€์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
And I can't get his words exactly right, but Chris basically said,
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ์•ˆ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
"Forgiveness is more powerful than people realize,
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โ€œ์šฉ์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
because it lifts all of this stuff off of you.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์šฉ์„œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
10:54
It's freedom -- freedom from revenge,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž์œ ๋กœ์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
10:57
freedom from anger,
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๋ถ„๋…ธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
10:59
freedom from hatred."
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์ฆ์˜ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ’€๋ ค๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
11:03
Sadly, he was called out for saying that.
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์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ด ๋ง๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
I believe that it's very possible to use these strategies,
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์ „ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
11:12
so I'm going to tell you about my Uncle Frank.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ €ํฌ ํ”„๋žญํฌ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
He ainโ€™t really my uncle but, you know,
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์ €์˜ ์ง„์งœ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ธ ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
11:17
he's still living so I can't call him out.
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์•„์ง ์‚ด์•„๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋†“๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
11:20
Anyway.
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๋ญ, ์•„๋ฌดํŠผ.
11:22
He came to a family reunion
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์‚ผ์ดŒ์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ์˜ค์…”์„œ
11:25
and decided to talk about Mexican Americans stealing jobs.
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋บ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด์…จ์–ด์š”.
11:30
And everybody had been chatting and eating quite happily
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉฐ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
11:33
till his racism silenced the room.
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์˜ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ง์ด ์ •์ ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์™”์ฃ .
11:38
Most people buried their faces in their plate,
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์ ‘์‹œ์— ์ฝ”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ•๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ฒ™ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:40
because this was Uncle Frank.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”„๋žญํฌ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ด ํ•œ ๋ง์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
11:41
This is what he does.
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์›๋ž˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์‹  ๋ถ„์ด์—์š”.
11:43
But I decided to respond, but not with anger.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋ถ„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:47
I kind of organized a few comments and asked him a question.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ข€ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ›„์— ์‚ผ์ดŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์กŒ์ฃ .
11:51
"Uncle Frank, I know you.
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โ€œํ”„๋žญํฌ ์‚ผ์ดŒ, ์ „ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
11:54
I love you.
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์ „ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ด์š”.
11:55
I respect you.
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์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
11:57
And what I know about you is that you'd run into a burning building
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์ „ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ด ๋ถˆํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์–ด์„œ
12:01
and save somebody if you could.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ตฌํ•  ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
12:04
And you wouldn't care what race that person is,
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์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ธ์ข…์ธ์ง€,
12:07
you wouldn't care whether they were gay or an immigrant.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์ธ์ง€, ์ด๋ฏผ์ž์ธ์ง€๋„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
12:10
So, Uncle Frank, that's the man I love and respect.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ผ์ดŒ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
12:14
So tell me: How can I reconcile that good Uncle Frank that I know you are
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ด
12:20
with the words that just came out of your mouth?"
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊บผ๋‚ธ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?โ€
12:25
You haven't called him in. You haven't called him out.
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์ „ ๊ทธ๋ถ„์„ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„, ๋ง์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
12:27
You called on him to decide how he's going to be.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
12:33
And with this approach, he's less likely to become defensive,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ƒ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์–ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
12:36
because you haven't actually attacked him.
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
12:39
And while he's organizing what to say,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์ด ํ•  ๋ง์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ,
12:42
you've affirmed that he has options about how he wants to be,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ถ„์ด ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
12:47
especially in his niece's eyes and his family's eyes.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ถ„์˜ ์กฐ์นด์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„์น ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
12:51
But most importantly, the third thing you've achieved
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋‚ธ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ผ์ด
12:55
is that you did not let his bigotry go unchallenged,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์˜ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๊ณ ,
13:00
and that was witnessed by the entire family:
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—์š”.
13:04
how you stand up to bigotry at a family reunion
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๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ชจ์ž„์—์„œ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์— ๋งž์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:08
without hate, argument and throwing over the table.
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ํ™”๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ง๋‹คํˆผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์‹ํƒ์„ ๋’ค์—Ž์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„์š”.
13:13
Now, anybody can learn these tactics, as I've said,
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์ž, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
13:17
and we really need to understand that we can offer people forgiveness
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ƒ๋Œ€์—๊ฒŒ ์šฉ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ ํ’€๊ณ 
13:24
and a chance to redeem themselves from their mistakes.
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์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒํšŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
13:27
Somebody gave us a chance to grow,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด
13:30
and we can offer that to others.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋˜ ์ด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
13:33
So I invite you to join me in this calling-in culture,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ด ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
this calling-in world that we're building.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ํฌ์šฉ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์†์—์„œ์š”.
13:40
I think you will have a lot of joy and satisfaction in it,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช… ์ด ๋ฌธํ™” ์†์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์จ๊ณผ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
13:43
like I've found.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋“ฏ์ด์š”.
13:45
We don't actually risk anything,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žƒ์„ ๊ฑด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
13:47
because all we risk losing is our pain.
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์œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฟ์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:51
And then you'll learn the most powerful lesson I've learned
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๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ป์€ ๊ตํ›ˆ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
from five decades of being a social justice activist:
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์ •์˜ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋กœ 50๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์–ป์€ ๊ตํ›ˆ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
fighting hate should be fun.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋กœ, ์ฆ์˜ค์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
14:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:04
It's being a hater that sucks.
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๋‚จ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ์ •๋ง ๊ตฌ๋ฆฐ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
Thank y'all.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
(Applause and cheers)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์™€ ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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