Claire Malone: The missing 96 percent of the universe | TED

78,010 views ・ 2021-08-06

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

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Transcriber:
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λ²ˆμ—­: μ„±μ€€ μ•ˆ κ²€ν† : Juhyeon Kim
3D μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό 보닀가 3D μ•ˆκ²½μ„ λ²—μ–΄λ³΄μ…¨λ‚˜μš”?
화면이 νλ¦Ών•΄μ„œ
무슨 μž₯면인지 μ•ŒκΈ° νž˜λ“€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:12
Have you ever taken your 3-D glasses off at the cinema?
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 3D μ•ˆκ²½μ€ 각각의 렌즈 ν•„ν„°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄
00:18
The picture looks blurry
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00:19
and it can be difficult to see exactly what is happening.
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λΉ›μ˜ 색상을 μ‘°μ ˆν•΄ 우리 λ‡Œλ₯Ό 속이고
00:25
This is because 3-D glasses trick our brain into forming a 3-D image
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3D μ˜μƒμ„ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이처럼 λ•Œλ‘œ λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 바라본닀면
00:30
by controlling the color of the light that each sees
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00:34
using a different filter in each lens.
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더 λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ³  μ‰½κ²Œ 이해할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
You could say sometimes seeing things from a different perspective
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이런 방식은 μš°μ£Όμ— λŒ€ν•œ κ·Όλ³Έ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ—
00:42
can make them look clearer and easier to understand.
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닡을 μ°ΎμœΌλ €λŠ” 제 연ꡬ에
도움이 된 λ°©μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
This is exactly the approach that has helped me with my research,
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이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ ν˜„ 상황을 λ³Ό λ•Œ
00:51
looking to answer some of the most fundamental questions
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 제 λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ“£κΈ° νž˜λ“€λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
we have about our universe.
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제 λ‡Œμ„±λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€
00:58
To put this in a different context,
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TED 강연을 ν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ κ°€λ‘œλ§‰λŠ” μž₯벽이죠.
01:00
I could see some people finding my voice difficult to understand
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μ²­μ€‘μ—κ²Œ 말을 μ „λ‹¬ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ €μš΄ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μœ„ν•œ
01:04
due to my cerebral palsy
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01:06
as an insurmountable barrier to giving a TED Talk.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 방법도 μžˆλŠ”λ°,
영혼 μ—†λŠ” κ±΄μ‘°ν•œ κΈ°κ³„μŒμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄
01:12
Even if I saw that there are alternative ways
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λͺ¨λ‘ 5λΆ„ λ‚΄λ‘œ μž λ“€ 것 κ°™μœΌλ‹ˆ
01:14
for people who have difficulties with communication
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01:17
to speak to an audience,
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μ‚¬μš©μ„ 미룰까 ν–ˆμ£ .
01:19
I could be put off from using them,
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01:21
thinking that this dry computerized voice has no life in it
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κ·Έ λŒ€μ‹ , μ–΄μ„€ν”ˆ 영ꡭ μ–΅μ–‘μ˜ μ—¬μ„± λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬ ν•©μ„±μŒμ„
01:25
and would put you all to sleep within five minutes.
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μˆ˜μš©ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
μ‘°μž‘ν•œ 농담을 λ”ν•˜κ³  λ•Œλ‘  κΈ°κ³„μŒμ„ λΉ„λ‚œν•˜λ©°
01:30
Alternatively, I could see the dodgy female British synthesized voice
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ 즐겁게 ν•˜κ³ 
01:36
as something to be embraced,
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01:38
pepper this talk with jokes and gags,
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제 강연에 κ·€ 기울이게 ν•  수 있겠죠.
01:40
sometimes at the poor communication aid's expense,
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λ‹€ν–‰νžˆλ„ μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ ν›„μžλ₯Ό μ„ νƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€..
01:44
and hopefully make you laugh
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01:46
and keep you engaged with what I want to tell you about.
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였늘 κ°•μ—°μ˜ μ£Όμ œλŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
01:51
Luckily for you, I have chosen the second option.
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μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” μ „ 우주의 96%λ₯Ό μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ™„μ „νžˆ μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ Έλ‹€λŠ”κ±Έ
01:56
And what do I want to tell you about?
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λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
I'm here to tell you
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02:01
that we have completely misplaced 96 percent of the entire universe,
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μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ¦° μ–‘λ§μ²˜λŸΌμš”.
02:06
everything in existence.
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μ €λŠ” μž…μž λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλ‘œ,
CERN의 λŒ€ν˜• κ°•μž…μž 가속기 데이터λ₯Ό 뢄석해
02:10
That's an awful lot of missing socks.
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우주의 κ·Όλ³Έ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— 닡을 μ°ΎλŠ” 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
I am a particle physicist
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02:16
analyzing data from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Switzerland
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ν•™μ°½ μ‹œμ ˆμ— μ €λŠ” μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ λλ‚˜κΈΈ κΈ°λ‹€λ €
02:21
to answer the most fundamental questions about our universe.
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κ³Όν•™μ‹€λ‘œ λ‹¬λ €κ°€λŠ” μ „ν˜•μ μΈ κ΄΄μ§œμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
At school, I was the archetypal geeky kid
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μ œκ°€ μ§€κΈˆ μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜λŠ” μ—°κ΅¬λŠ”
02:30
just wanting to get the other lessons done to get into the science lab.
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κΈˆμ„ΈκΈ° κ°€μž₯ μœ„λŒ€ν•œ κ³Όν•™ μ—…μ μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
My work now focuses on what I truly believe
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우주 λͺ¨λ“  μž…μžμ˜ νŠΉμ§•κ³Ό 행동을
02:39
is one of the greatest achievements of scientific research
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μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” κ³Όν•™ λͺ¨λΈ μ—°κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
in the last century.
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μž…μžλ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλŠ” 상상λ ₯이 λΆ€μ‘±ν•΄μ„œ
02:46
A scientific model that describes the properties and behavior
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이걸 ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ΄λΌκ³  이름 μ§€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
of all the known particles in the universe.
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κ°•λ ₯ν•œ ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜• 덕뢄에
02:53
And as particle physicists have no imagination,
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μžμ—°μ„ κ°€μž₯ 근본적인 λ‹¨κ³„κΉŒμ§€
02:56
we call it the Standard Model.
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μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
For me, having one model with so much power
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ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ„ 처음 μ•Œμ•˜μ„ λ•Œ 정말 좩격을 λ°›μ•˜κ³ 
03:03
is as close as science gets to describing nature
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03:06
at its most basic level.
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물리학 연ꡬ에 열정을 κ°–κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:10
When I first heard about the Standard Model,
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03:13
it really blew my mind
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λ™μ‹œμ— λ‹€λ₯Έ λ™λ£Œ μ—°κ΅¬μ›κ³ΌλŠ” 쑰금 λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ„
03:15
and gave me the passion to focus on my studies in physics.
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생각해야 ν•  ν•„μš”λ₯Ό κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μ£ .
예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ œκ°€ 배운 μž…μž μ‹€ν—˜ κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ•Œλ €μ£Όλ €λ©΄
03:21
But I also knew
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03:22
that I would have to think about them a little differently
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03:25
to my fellow students.
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μ‹œμ—°μ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
For example, I had to demonstrate in examinations that I had understood
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 μž₯μ•  λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
λͺΈμ„ λ§ˆμŒλŒ€λ‘œ κ°€λˆ„μ§€ λͺ»ν•΄
03:34
the practical techniques that I had been taught.
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μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€ μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†μ£ .
03:38
Due to my disability,
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03:40
I don't have enough control of my hands
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 손을 λΉŒλ €μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
to be able to pick up laboratory equipment and use it.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μž₯λΉ„ μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ— λŒ€ν•΄
03:50
So I had to effectively borrow someone else's hands.
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κ·Ήλ„λ‘œ μƒμ„Έν•˜κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ μ—°μŠ΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
I practiced giving extremely detailed instructions to my assistant
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ‹¨κ³„λ³„λ‘œ μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ μ§€μ‹œν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
04:01
about how to use the equipment in order to perform the experiment.
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μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ§€μΌœλ΄€λ˜ κ²½ν—˜ 덕뢄에
μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 잘 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λ €λ©΄
04:07
Seeing experiments from the perspective of a series of instructions
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μ–΄λ–€ 사고방식을 κ°€μ Έμ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
that I had to give as clearly as possible
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04:14
really helped me get into the mindset I needed
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΄€μ μœΌλ‘œ 문제λ₯Ό λ°”λΌλ³΄λŠ” 인식 덕뢄에
04:17
to understand how I could perform well in my practicals, which I did.
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신체적 ν•œκ³„μ— κ΅΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
04:24
Recognizing that I was able to look at such issues in a different way,
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κ³Όν•™ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ‹€μš©μ  λΆ€λΆ„μ•  μˆ™λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ”
끈기λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
helped me to find the tenacity to persevere with mastering
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04:32
the practical side of my scientific studies
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λŒ€ν˜• κ°•μž…μž 가속기 μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ”
04:35
rather than letting my physical limitations stop me.
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ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜• 연ꡬ에 μ‚¬μš©λœ 데이터λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
λŒ€λŸ‰μ˜ μ½”λ“œλ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
Now, my research with the Large Hadron Collider
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‘°μˆ˜κ°€ 타이핑할 수 μžˆλ„λ‘
04:46
involves me writing a lot of code to analyze the data
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직접 천천히 곡듀여 쓰듯이 λ°œμŒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
used to study the standard model.
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04:53
I dictate what I would like my assistants to type,
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κΈ€λ‘œ μ“Έ λ•Œμ™€ 말둜 ν•  λ•ŒλŠ” 또 λ―Έλ¬˜ν•˜κ²Œ λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
as typing it for myself would be too slow and effortful.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 배운 μˆ˜μ—…μ€ λͺ¨λ‘
05:02
It does take a slightly different mindset to speak your work rather than write it,
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λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ ν•„κΈ°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λŒ€μƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
05:07
especially when all the education you receive
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν•˜λŠ” λ™μž‘μ„
05:10
is aimed at people who can quickly scribble things down.
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μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ˜λ‡Œμ΄λ©΄μ„œ
물리학에 λŒ€ν•œ 열정을 μ«“μ•„
05:17
However, I have found that telling myself
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λ‚˜μ•„κ°ˆ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:20
that I am doing basically the same actions as everyone else
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이제 μ œμ—°κ΅¬ 방식을 μ•„μ…¨μ£ .
05:24
has helped me to understand how to proceed
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μ œκ°€ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜κ³  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ 그랬으면 ν•˜λŠ” ν‘œμ€€λͺ¨ν˜• μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°‘μ‹œλ‹€.
05:27
in pursuing my passion for physics.
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05:31
Now, you know how I do my research.
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μ•ˆνƒ€κΉκ²Œλ„ ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ—λŠ” 큰 걸림돌이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
Let's get back to my favorite model and hopefully yours after this talk,
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ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ€ 우주의 4% 밖에 μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
because unfortunately, we have a bit of a major snag.
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μ™œ κ·ΈλŸ°κ°€ μ•Œλ €λ©΄
05:45
The Standard Model only describes four percent of the universe.
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μ€ν•˜κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ νšŒμ „ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λ‰΄ν„΄μ˜ 법칙에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
05:52
To understand why,
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05:53
you have to look at how fast galaxies are spinning.
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물체λ₯Ό λŒμ–΄λ‹Ήκ²¨ λͺ¨μœΌλŠ” κ±°λŒ€μ§ˆλŸ‰ 물체가 μ—†μœΌλ©΄
λ¬Όμ²΄λŠ” λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ λ‚ μ•„κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
Newton's laws tell us that they would simply fly apart
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사라진 κ±°λŒ€μ§ˆλŸ‰μ„ μ•”ν‘λ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄λΌ ν•˜κ³ ,
06:02
if there wasn't some other kind of massive substance within them
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관츑상 우주의 23%에 λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:06
to bring them together.
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06:10
This missing mass is called dark matter,
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κ·Έ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€λŠ” λ­λƒκ΅¬μš”?
06:13
and we observe that it accounts for 23 percent of the universe.
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우주 팽창 속도가 κ°€μ†λ˜κ³  있고
06:19
So what about the rest?
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쀑λ ₯ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ°μ†Œν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것은
06:24
Well, the discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating
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쀑λ ₯κ³Ό λ°˜λŒ€μΈ 힘이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” κ±°κ² μ£ .
06:28
rather than decelerating due to gravitational attraction,
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이λ₯Ό 암흑 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λΌ ν•˜λ©°
06:32
points to the existence of a force acting against gravity.
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우주의 73%λ₯Ό μ΄λ£Ήλ‹ˆλ‹€.
암흑 물질과 암흑 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ λͺ¨λ‘ ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ— λ“€μ–΄μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:39
We call this force dark energy,
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06:41
and it accounts for the remaining 73 percent of the universe.
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즉 우주의 96%λ₯Ό
06:47
Neither dark matter nor dark energy are included in the Standard Model.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ „ν˜€ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λŠ” 말이죠.
06:54
So there is a staggering 96 percent of the universe
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μ²˜μŒμ—λŠ” μ œκ°€ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ΄
06:58
that we know absolutely nothing about.
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우주의 λͺ¨λ“  μž…μžλ₯Ό μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 쀄 μ•Œμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ
그리 포괄적이지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
Therefore, it turns out that my favorite model,
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07:07
that I thought could describe every particle in the universe,
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ ν‘œμ€€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ΄
07:11
isn't as all encompassing as I initially thought.
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이미 μ„€λͺ…ν•œ μž…μžλ₯Ό 쑰금 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 보면
λ―Έμ§€μ˜ μž…μžλ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
07:16
So is there a way to look at the particles
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07:19
that are already described by the Standard Model differently
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μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ‘°μ°¨ μ•Œ 수 μ—†λŠ” μž…μžμ˜ 사진을 찍을 수 μžˆλŠ”
07:23
in order to discover these absent particles?
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κ²€μΆœκΈ°λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 건 λ‘λ‡Œλ₯Ό κ³ λ¬Έν•˜λŠ” κ±°κ² μ£ .
07:29
You might think that we would be racking our brains to design detectors
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μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ¦° λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό 찾으렀면
07:34
that could produce some kind of photograph of these elusive particles
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κ·Έκ±Έ κ²€μΆœν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œκ² μ£ ?
07:38
to prove that they are there.
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07:41
Surely if you want to find something that's missing,
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μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ–΄λ–€ 짓을 해도 이 μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ¦° μž…μžλŠ”
07:45
that's the general approach you have to take, right?
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우리 κ²€μΆœκΈ°μ— λ°˜μ‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 사싀을
07:50
Wrong.
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λ°›μ•„λ“€μ—¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
We actually just have to accept the fact that these missing particles
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그걸둜 끝은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:57
are not going to interact with our detectors,
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μ œκ°€ ν˜Όμžμ„œ μ‹€ν—˜ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λ”라도
08:00
whatever we do.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 손을 λΉŒλ €μ„œ
08:04
But that's not game over.
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ν¬κΈ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ,
08:08
In the same way that I didn't give up
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κ²€μΆœ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μž…μžλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄
08:10
on being able to do laboratory experiments myself,
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μˆ¨μ–΄μžˆλŠ” λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
but instead used someone else's hands,
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08:16
we use the particles that we can detect
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08:19
to spy on the particles that we think are there but hiding.
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λŒ€ν˜• κ°•μž…μž κ°€μ†κΈ°λŠ”
μž…μžλ₯Ό 광속에 κ°€κΉκ²Œ κ°€μ†ν•œ λ’€
μ„œλ‘œ μΆ©λŒμ‹œμΌœ κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό λ‚΄λΏœμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:28
At the Large Hadron Collider,
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08:30
we accelerate particles to speeds very close to the speed of light
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μ›μžμ˜ μ–‘μ„±μžλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ”λ°
08:34
such that they smash into each other
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우리 μ£Όλ³€μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 물질이죠.
08:36
and release enormous amounts of energy.
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08:41
We use protons that are found in the atoms
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이 μ–‘μ„±μžκ°€ μΆ©λŒν•  λ•Œ
08:43
that comprise all the matter that we see around us,
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08:46
including you and me.
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정말 ν₯미둜운 물리 ν˜„μƒμ΄ μΌμ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
However, it is when these protons collide head on
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ λ°©μΆœλ˜λ©΄μ„œ
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ˜ μ–‘μ„±μžμ™€λŠ” 근본적으둜 λ‹€λ₯Έ
08:54
that the really interesting physics happens.
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μž…μžκ°€ μƒκ²¨λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:58
Such colossal amounts of energy are released
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09:01
that particles that are fundamentally different from the protons
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 사과 두 개λ₯Ό μ„œλ‘œ λΆ€λ”ͺν˜”λŠ”λ°
09:05
that we began with
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체리 λ”°μœ„μ˜ μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ 물질둜
09:07
are created.
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λ³€ν•˜λŠ” 것과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
It's a bit like if you smashed two apples against each other,
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맀우 μ •κ΅ν•œ κ²€μΆœκΈ°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
09:14
expecting them to turn into something completely different,
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μ–΄λ–€ μž…μžκ°€ μƒμ„±λλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œ 수 μžˆκ² μ§€λ§Œ
09:17
like a pile of cherries.
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이미 μ•Œκ³ μžˆλŠ” μ’…λ₯˜ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:22
Using extremely sophisticated detectors,
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09:25
we are able to tell what kinds of particles have been made,
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ μ •μ²΄λΆˆλͺ…μ˜ μž…μžλ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ°Ύμ•„λ‚ΌκΉŒμš”?
09:29
but only the types we already know about.
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λ‹€ν–‰νžˆλ„ μžμ—°μ˜ κΈ°λ³Έ λ²•μΉ™μœΌλ‘œ
09:33
So how are we going to find these other mysterious particles?
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μž…μž μΆ©λŒμ„ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 연ꡬ할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:40
Fortunately, a fundamental law of nature comes to our rescue
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€λŠ” μƒκ²¨λ‚˜κ±°λ‚˜ 사라지지 μ•Šκ³  μ΄λ™ν•˜κΈ°λ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:45
and allows us to study these particle collisions from a different perspective.
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μž…μž 좩돌 μ „κ³Ό ν›„μ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό λΉ„κ΅ν•˜λ©΄
09:51
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred.
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λ‘˜μ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λŠ” 차이가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:57
If you add up the energy of the particles before and after the collision,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μΆ©λŒν•˜λŠ” μ–‘μ„±μžμ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³ 
좩돌 ν›„ λ°©μΆœλ˜λŠ” μž…μžμ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό
10:02
you would find that they are equal.
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μ •ν™•νžˆ μΈ‘μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:05
We know the energy of the protons entering the collision
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두 μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ λ˜‘κ°™μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λ©΄ 경고등이 μšΈλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
and we make very sensitive measurements of the energy of the particles
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10:13
that come out.
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그런 경우 μžμ—°μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” κ·Όλ³Έ 법칙인
10:16
If those two energies are not identical, alarm bells start to ring.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 보쑴 법칙이 ν‹€λ Έκ² μ£ .
10:23
Perhaps one of the principles that underpin our understanding of nature,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 바라듯
κ²€μΆœκΈ°μ—μ„œ κ°μ§€λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ μž…μžκ°€
10:28
conservation of energy, is incorrect.
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사라진 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έκ°€μ„œ,
μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μ˜ κ·Όλ³Έ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ—
10:33
Or as everyone is hoping,
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10:35
the missing energy could have been stolen by particles
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닡을 쀄 지도 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ .
10:38
that elude our detectors
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 묻겠죠.
10:40
and could help us answer some of the most fundamental questions
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10:44
we have in physics today.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ―Έμ§€μ˜ μž…μžλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λƒˆλ‚˜μš”?
10:47
Now, I know what you are going to ask me.
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μŠ¬ν”„κ²Œλ„ λͺ»μ°Ύμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
우주λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°λ³Έ μš”μ†Œλ„
10:53
Have you found the missing particles yet?
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μ™„λ²½νžˆ 이해할 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 생각에
10:57
Sadly, we haven't.
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싀망할 μ‚¬λžŒλ„ μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:01
Some people might see this as a reason to lose hope
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” 였히렀 λ°œκ²¬ν•  게 아직 λ§Žμ•„
11:04
that we are ever going to fully understand
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11:07
the basic building blocks of the cosmos.
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기초 물라학 연ꡬ가
ν₯λ―Έμ§„μ§„ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:11
However, I believe that this is perhaps the most exciting time
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κ³Όν•™κ³„μ˜ ν₯미둜운 μ˜λ¬Έμ„ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 것과 λ³„κ°œλ‘œ
11:15
to be conducting fundamental physics
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11:18
as we have so much left to discover.
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μ–΄λ–€ 상황을 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ λ³΄λŠ” μ—΄λ¦° μžμ„ΈλŠ”
11:23
But aside from thinking about some of the most exciting questions in science,
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개인 μ°¨μ›μ—μ„œλ„ μ˜λ―Έμžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:28
I find that being open to seeing a situation from a different perspective
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아무리 νž˜λ“€λ”λΌλ„ 이런 사고방식은
11:33
is most meaningful when applied on a personal scale.
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각 μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œμ„œ 긍정 μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό μ°Ύκ³ 
자기 μžμ‹  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ£Όλ³€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œμ„œλ„
11:38
It encourages you to seek out the positive in each person
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κ°€λŠ₯성을 λŒμ–΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:42
and situation, no matter how difficult,
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μ΄λŠ” μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ 도움이 λœλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:45
and use it to bring out not only our own potential,
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11:49
but that of those around us.
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11:52
I feel this is something we could all benefit from at the moment.
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μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ°”λ‘œ μ°Ύκ±°λ‚˜ μ‰½κ²Œ μ°ΎλŠ” 방법을
λœ»ν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 사고방식 덕뢄에 μ €λŠ” μ˜€λŠ˜μ— 이λ₯΄λ €κ³ 
12:01
It doesn't always mean that you will find what you're looking for right away
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계속 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:06
or that it will be easy.
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  우리 μ£Όλ³€ μ„Έμƒμ—λŠ”
12:09
But for me, this mindset helped me get where I am today,
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λͺ…ν™•ν•œ 닡이 μ—†λŠ” 질문이 κ°€λ“ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:13
and it keeps me going.
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12:16
Looking at the world around us today,
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μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 관점인 μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μ˜κ²¬μ„ μ‘΄μ€‘ν•˜λŠ”
12:19
we are surrounded by big questions without obvious answers.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 사고방식을 κ°–μΆ˜λ‹€λ©΄
λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ§λ©΄ν•œ 문제의 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 해결책을
12:25
Perhaps by embracing a new way of thinking,
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찾을 수 μžˆμ„μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:28
by being truly open to other people who don't share our perspective,
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:32
we might just be able to discover new solutions
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12:35
to the problems we are all facing.
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12:39
Thank you.
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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