What the US health care system assumes about you | Mitchell Katz

65,882 views ใƒป 2019-10-24

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hae Young Ham ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
A few years ago,
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์—
00:14
I was taking care of a woman who was a victim of violence.
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ํญํ–‰ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
I wanted her to be seen in a clinic that specialized in trauma survivors.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์ด ํŠธ๋ผ์šฐ๋งˆ ์ „๋ฌธ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฐ›๊ธธ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
I made the appointment myself because, being the director of the department,
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์ด ๋ถ€์„œ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:29
I knew if I did it,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
00:30
she would get an appointment right away.
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์˜ˆ์•ฝ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žกํž ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
The clinic was about an hour and a half away from where she lived.
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๋ณ‘์›์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ˜์ •๋„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
But she took down the address and agreed to go.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ์•ฝ์†ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:42
Unfortunately, she didn't make it to the clinic.
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์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
When I spoke to the psychiatrist, he explained to me
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ์˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ
00:51
that trauma survivors are often resistant
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์™ธ์ƒ ์ƒ์กด์ž๋“ค์€ ์ž์ฃผ
00:55
to dealing with the difficult issues that they face
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์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:57
and often miss appointments.
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์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ๋†“์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
For this reason,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ
01:01
they don't generally allow the doctors to make appointments for the patients.
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ณดํ†ต ํ™˜์ž ๋Œ€์‹  ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ์žก์•„์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
They had made a special exception for me.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:10
When I spoke to my patient,
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ํ™˜์ž์™€ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
01:12
she had a much simpler and less Freudian explanation
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์™œ ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€
01:16
of why she didn't go to that appointment:
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๋” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์„ํ•™๋ณด๋‹ค ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
her ride didn't show.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํƒœ์šฐ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Now, some of you may be thinking,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
"Didn't she have some other way of getting to that clinic appointment?"
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"๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?"
01:29
Couldn't she have taken an Uber or called another friend?
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"์šฐ๋ฒ„(Uber)๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?"
01:34
If you're thinking that,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:35
it's probably because you have resources.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ž์›์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
But she didn't have enough money for an Uber,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ํƒˆ ๋ˆ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:42
and she didn't have another friend to call.
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์ „ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ๋ถ€ํƒํ•  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
But she did have me,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:47
and I was able to get her another appointment,
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:50
which she kept without difficulty.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์›€ ์—†์ด ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
She wasn't resistant,
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๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
it's just that her ride didn't show.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:58
I wish I could say that this was an isolated incident,
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ
02:02
but I know from running the safety net systems
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์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”, ๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰๋œ
02:05
in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and now New York City,
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์•ˆ์ „๋ง ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
02:11
that health care is built on a middle-class model
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์˜๋ฃŒ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:14
that often doesn't meet the needs of low-income patients.
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์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต์˜ ํ•„์š”๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
That's one of the reasons why it's been so difficult
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜
02:23
for us to close the disparity in health care
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๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์™œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ธ์ง€
02:27
that exists along economic lines,
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
despite the expansion of health insurance
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ACA๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ์ผ€์–ด๊ฐ™์€ ์ œ๋„ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ
02:34
under the ACA, or Obamacare.
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์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณดํ—˜์ด ํ™•์žฅ์„ ํ•ด๋„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
Health care in the United States
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€
02:41
assumes that, besides getting across the large land expanse of Los Angeles,
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๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค์˜ ๋„“์€ ๋•…์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์™ธ์—
02:49
it also assumes that you can take off from work
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ์ค‘ ์ผ์„ ์‰ฌ๊ณ 
02:52
in the middle of the day to get care.
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
One of the patients who came to my East Los Angeles clinic
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์ œ ๋™๋ถ€ ๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ๋ณ‘์›์—
02:59
on a Thursday afternoon
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ํ† ์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„์— ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋Š”
03:01
presented with partial blindness in both eyes.
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์–‘์ชฝ ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์ธ ์‹ค๋ช…์ƒํƒœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
Very concerned, I said to him,
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๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:09
"When did this develop?"
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"์–ธ์ œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
03:11
He said, "Sunday."
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, "์ผ์š”์ผ์ด์š”"
03:14
I said, "Sunday?
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"์ผ์š”์ผ์ด์š”?"
03:15
Did you think of coming sooner to clinic?"
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"๋ณ‘์›์— ์ข€ ๋” ์ผ์ฐ ์˜ฌ ์ƒ๊ฐ ์•ˆํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?"
03:19
And he said, "Well, I have to work in order to pay the rent."
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ "๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์›”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์„œ์š”."
03:23
A second patient to that same clinic,
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณ‘์›์— ์˜จ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ™˜์ž๋Š”
03:26
a trucker,
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ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ์šด์ „์‚ฌ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
03:27
drove three days with a raging infection,
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๋…ํ•œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ 3์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ์šด์ „์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:31
only coming to see me after he had delivered his merchandise.
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์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•œ ํ›„์—์•ผ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Ÿฌ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Both patients' care was jeopardized by their delays in seeking care.
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๋‘ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ฐ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:43
Health care in the United States assumes that you speak English
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:47
or can bring someone with you who can.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
In San Francisco, I took care of a patient on the inpatient service
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์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์›ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:56
who was from West Africa and spoke a dialect so unusual
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์„œ๋ถ€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์™”๊ณ  ํ”์น˜ ์•Š์€ ๋ฐฉ์–ธ์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
that we could only find one translator on the telephonic line
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ „ํ™”๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ
04:06
who could understand him.
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๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ช…์˜ ํ†ต์—ญ์ž๋งŒ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
And that translator only worked one afternoon a week.
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๊ทธ ํ†ต์—ญ์ž๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ์˜คํ›„ ๋ช‡์‹œ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
04:12
Unfortunately, my patient needed translation services every day.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ œ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ํ†ต์—ญ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
Health care in the United States assumes that you are literate.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
I learned that a patient of mine who spoke English without accent
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ต์–‘ ์—†์ด ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ œ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€
04:27
was illiterate,
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๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
04:29
when he asked me to please sign a social security disability form for him
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณด์žฅ ์žฅ์•  ์–‘์‹์„œ์— ์‹ธ์ธํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
right away.
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04:36
The form needed to go to the office that same day,
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๊ทธ ์–‘์‹์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ ๋‚  ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์„œ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:39
and I wasn't in clinic,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
so trying to help him out,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋“ค์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž์ž„์„
04:43
knowing that he was the sole caretaker of his son,
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์•Œ๊ธฐ์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
I said, "Well, bring the form to my administrative office.
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"๊ทธ ์–‘์‹์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค์„ธ์š”.
04:51
I'll sign it and I'll fax it in for you."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‹ธ์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ํŒฉ์Šค๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ผ๊ฒŒ์š”."
04:54
He took the two buses to my office,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ์•„ํƒ€๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ์™”๊ณ ,
04:56
dropped off the form,
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์–‘์‹์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์„ 
04:58
went back home to take care of his son ...
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์•„๋“ค์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
I got to the office, and what did I find next to the big "X" on the form?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–‘์‹์„œ์˜ ํฐ "X"ํ‘œ์‹œ ์˜†์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:06
The word "applicant."
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"์‹ ์ฒญ์ž"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
He needed to sign the form.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์‹ธ์ธ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
And so now I had to have him take the two buses back to the office
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ์•„ํƒ€๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€
05:15
and sign the form so that we could then fax it in for him.
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์–‘์‹์„œ์— ์‹ธ์ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒฉ์Šค ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:20
It completely changed how I took care of him.
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์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
I made sure that I always went over instructions verbally with him.
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ตฌ๋‘๋กœ ์ง€์‹œ๋ฌธ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
It also made me think about all of the patients
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”„๋ฆฐํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—
05:31
who receive reams and reams of paper
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๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
spit out by our modern electronic health record systems,
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์ตœ์‹  ์ „์ž ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ธฐ๋ก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋œ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋“ค,
05:39
explaining their diagnoses and their treatments,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ์„ค๋ช…๊ณผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ์ข…์ด๋“ค,
05:42
and wondering how many people actually can understand
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ข…์ด์— ์ ํžŒ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„
05:44
what's on those pieces of paper.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Health care in the United States assumes that you have a working telephone
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
and an accurate address.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋„์š”.
05:54
The proliferation of inexpensive cell phones
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์ €๋ ดํ•œ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์€
05:58
has actually helped quite a lot.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
But still, my patients run out of minutes,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง๋„ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„๋งŒ์—
06:03
and their phones get disconnected.
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์ „ํ™” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋Š๊ธฐ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
Low-income people often have to move around a lot by necessity.
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์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•„์š”์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ค๋…€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
I remember reviewing a chart of a woman with an abnormality on her mammogram.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์œ ๋ฐฉ ์กฐ์˜์ˆ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์ด์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
06:17
That chart assiduously documents that three letters were sent to her home,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ›„์† ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณ‘์›์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ํ†ต์˜ ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ง‘์—
06:23
asking her to please come in for follow-up.
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๋ฐœ์†ก๋๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฐจํŠธ์— ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
Of course, if the address isn't accurate,
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋Š” ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉด
06:29
it doesn't much matter how many letters you send to that same address.
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์–ผ๋งŒํผ ๋งŽ์€ ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
Health care in the United States assumes that you have a steady supply of food.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์Œ์‹ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
This is particularly an issue for diabetics.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
We give them medications that lower their blood sugar.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ์•ฝ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
On days when they don't have enough food,
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์Œ์‹์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๋‚ ์—๋Š”
06:51
it puts them at risk for a life-threatening side effect
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๊ทธ ์•ฝ๋“ค์€ ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์ฆ ๋˜๋Š” ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น๊ฐ™์€
06:54
of hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar.
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์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋น ๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
Health care in the United States assumes that you have a home
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:02
with a refrigerator for your insulin,
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์ธ์Š๋ฆฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
07:04
a bathroom where you can wash up,
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์”ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค,
07:07
a bed where you can sleep
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ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ฑฑ์ •์—†์ด ์‰ฌ๋ฉด์„œ
07:09
without worrying about violence while you're resting.
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์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์นจ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
But what if you don't have that?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
07:16
What if you live on the street,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋…ธ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:18
you live under the freeway,
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๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:21
you live in a congregant shelter,
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๋งค์ผ ์˜ค์ „ 7์‹œ๋‚˜ 8์‹œ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
07:23
where every morning you have to leave at 7 or 8am?
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์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ์‚ด๋ฉด์š”?
07:28
Where do you store your medicines?
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์•ฝ์€ ์–ด๋””์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
07:32
Where do you use the bathroom?
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์“ฐ์ฃ ?
07:36
How do you put your legs up if you have congestive heart failure?
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์šธํ˜ˆ์„ฑ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์ „์ฆ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ฃ ?
07:41
Is it any wonder that providing people with health insurance who are homeless
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ณดํ—˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
07:47
does not erase the huge disparity
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์™€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ฐ„์˜
07:50
between the homeless and the housed?
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๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
07:53
Health care in the United States assumes that you prioritize your health care.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
But what about all of you?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€์š”?
08:02
Let me assume for a moment that you're all taking a medication.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•ฝ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:06
Maybe it's for high blood pressure.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์•• ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
08:08
Maybe it's for diabetes or depression.
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๋‹น๋‡จ๋‚˜ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
What if tonight you had a choice:
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์— ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–กํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:16
you could have your medication but live on the street,
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์•ฝ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:22
or you could be housed in your home but not have your medication.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•ฝ์„ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
08:29
Which would you choose?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:33
I know which one I would choose.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
This is just a graphic example of the kinds of choices
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งค์ผ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š”
08:40
that low-income patients have to make every day.
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์„ ํƒ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
So when my doctors shake their heads and say,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ €์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:47
"I don't know why that patient didn't keep his follow-up appointments,"
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"์™œ ๊ทธ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ํ›„์† ์ง„๋ฃŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”."
08:52
"I don't know why she didn't go for that exam that I ordered,"
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"์™œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ง€์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ
08:57
I think, well, maybe her ride didn't show,
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:01
or maybe he had to work.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
But also, maybe there was something more important that day
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋‚  ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์žฅ ๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค
09:09
than their high blood pressure or a screening colonoscopy.
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
Maybe that patient was dealing with an abusive spouse
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ•™๋Œ€๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:18
or a daughter who is pregnant and drug-addicted
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๋งˆ์•ฝ ์ค‘๋…์— ์ž„์‹ ํ•œ ๋”ธ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:22
or a son who was kicked out of school.
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ ๋‚œ ์•„๋“ค์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Or even maybe they were riding their bicycle through an intersection
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋‹ค๊ฐ€
09:31
and got hit by a truck,
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ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์— ์น˜์—ฌ์„œ
09:33
and now they're using a wheelchair and have very limited mobility.
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ํœ ์ฒด์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋™์„ฑ์ด ์ œํ•œ์ ์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
Obviously, these things also happen to middle-class people.
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์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช… ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
But when they do,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋•Œ
09:45
we have resources that enable us to deal with these problems.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ž์›์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
We also have the belief that we will live out our normal lifespans.
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ •์ƒ ์ˆ˜๋ช…๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
That's not true for low-income people.
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์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
09:59
They've seen their friends and relatives die young
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์นœ์ฒ™๋“ค์ด
10:03
of accidents,
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์‚ฌ๊ณ ,
10:05
of violence,
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ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ
10:06
of cancers that should have been diagnosed at an earlier stage.
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฌ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์•”์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ฐ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
It can lead to a sense of hopelessness,
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์ด๋Š” ๋ญ˜ ํ•ด๋„ ์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š”
10:13
that it doesn't really matter what you do.
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์ ˆ๋ง๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
I know I've painted a bleak picture of the care of low-income patients.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™ฉ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
But I want you to know how rewarding I find it
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์•ˆ์ „๋ง ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ
10:26
to work in a safety net system,
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋žŒ์„ ์ฐฌ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
and my deep belief is that we can make the system responsive
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋งž๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ
10:33
to the needs of low-income patients.
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๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นŠ์ด ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
The starting point has to be to meet patients where they are,
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๊ทธ ์‹œ์ž‘์ ์€ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:41
provide services without obstacles
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์žฅ์• ์—†๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
and provide patients what they need --
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
not what we think they need.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋นผ๊ณ ์š”.
10:51
It's impossible for me to take good care of a patient
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์ด๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„
10:55
who is homeless and living on the street.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
The right prescription for a homeless patient is housing.
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ํ™˜์ž์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์€ ์ฃผํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
In Los Angeles,
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๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค์—์„œ
11:06
we housed 4,700 chronically homeless persons
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ํ•™ ์งˆ๋ณ‘, ์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘๋…์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
11:12
suffering from medical illness, mental illness, addiction.
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4,700๋ช…์˜ ๋งŒ์„ฑ์  ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
When we housed them, we found that overall health care costs,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
11:22
including the housing,
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์ฃผํƒ๋น„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋น„์šฉ์ด
11:24
decreased.
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๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
That's because they had many fewer hospital visits,
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค๊ณผ ์ž…์› ํ™˜์ž ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ
11:30
both in the emergency room and on the inpatient service.
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ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ณ‘์› ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
And we gave them back their dignity.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
No extra charge for that.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋น„์šฉ ์—†์ด์š”.
11:42
For people who do not have a steady supply of food,
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๊พธ์ค€ํ•œ ์Œ์‹ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
11:47
especially those who are diabetic,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ
11:50
safety net systems are experimenting with a variety of solutions,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „๋ง ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์‹œํ—˜์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
including food pantries at primary care clinics
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์ผ์ฐจ ์ง„๋ฃŒ ํด๋ฆฌ๋‹‰์— ์‹ํ’ˆ ์ €์žฅ์‹ค ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
12:00
and distributing maps of community food banks and soup kitchens.
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๋ฐฐ๊ธ‰์ฐจ์™€ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ธ‰์‹ ๋ฐฐ๊ธ‰์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง„ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ์š”.
12:05
And in New York City,
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๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ๋Š”
12:07
we've hired a bunch of enrollers
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๋งŽ์€ ๋“ฑ๋ก์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•ด์„œ
12:10
to get our patients into the supplemental nutrition program
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"ํ‘ธ๋“œ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”
12:15
known as "food stamps" to most people.
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ํ™˜์ž ์˜์–‘ ๋ณด์ถฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œํ–‰์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
When patients and doctors don't understand each other,
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ํ™˜์ž์™€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ
12:24
mistakes will occur.
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์˜คํ•ด๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
For non-English-speaking patients,
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๋น„์˜์–ด๊ถŒ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒ
12:28
translation is as important as a prescription pad.
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ํ†ต์—ญ์€ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋งŒํผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
Perhaps more important.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
And, you know, it doesn't cost anything more
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๋ฌธ์„œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
12:38
to put all of the materials at the level of fourth-grade reading,
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4ํ•™๋…„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ธ€๊ท€์— ๋„ฃ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
12:43
so that everybody can understand what's being said.
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๋” ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
But more than anything else, I think low-income patients
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฃผ์น˜์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
12:51
benefit from having a primary care doctor.
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์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋“์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
Mind you, I think middle-class people also benefit
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฑ…์ž„์ง€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
12:58
from having somebody to quarterback their care.
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์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด๋“์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
But when they don't, they have others who can advocate for them,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„, ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋”๋Ÿฌ
13:04
who can get them that disability placard
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์žฅ์•  ํ”Œ๋ž˜์นด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
13:08
or make sure the disability application is completed.
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๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ์•  ์‹ ์ฒญ์„ ๋งˆ์ณ์ค„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
But low-income people really need a team of people who can help them
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋น„์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋ฐ
13:18
to access the medical and non-medical services that they need.
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๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
Also, many low-income people are disenfranchised
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
13:26
from other community supports,
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์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ์ง€์›์—์„œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ•ํƒˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
13:28
and they really benefit from the care and continuity provided by primary care.
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์ผ์ฐจ ์ง„๋ฃŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์—์„œ ์ด๋“์„ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
A primary care doctor I particularly admire
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋Ÿฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๋Š” ์ผ์ฐจ ์ง„๋ฃŒ ๋‹ด๋‹น ์˜์‚ฌ๋Š”
13:38
once told me how she believed that her relationship with a patient
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ 10๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ์ง€๋‚ด์˜จ
13:43
over a decade
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๊ทธ๋…€์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€
13:45
was the only healthy relationship that that patient had in her life.
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๊ทธ ํ™˜์ž ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
13:50
The good news is, you don't actually have to be a doctor
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฏธํ•œ ์•ฝ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:54
to provide that special sauce of care and continuity.
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์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
This was really brought home to me when one of my own long-term patients
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๊ทธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์Œ์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ณด์•˜๋˜ ํ™˜์ž์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด
14:03
died at an outside hospital.
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์™ธ๋ถ€ ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฐพ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
I had to tell the other doctors and nurses in my clinic
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณ‘๋™ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
14:10
that he had passed.
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๊ทธ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
But I didn't know that in another part of our clinic,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธต์— ์žˆ๋Š”
14:16
on a different floor,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํด๋ฆฌ๋‹‰์˜
14:18
there was a registration clerk
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๋“ฑ๋ก ์„œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
14:21
who had developed a very special relationship with my patient
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๋งค๋ฒˆ ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐพ์•„ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ™˜์ž์™€
14:25
every time he came in for an appointment.
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์•„์ฃผ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋œ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
When she learned three weeks later that he had died,
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ 3์ฃผ ํ›„์— ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ
14:32
she came and found me in my examining room,
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๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ์ฐพ์•„์™€์„œ
14:35
tears streaming down her cheeks,
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๋บจ์— ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ
14:38
talking about my patient and the memories that she had of him,
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ํ™˜์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต๊ณผ
14:43
the kinds of discussions that they had had about their lives together.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:50
My patient had a hard life.
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์ œ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
He was by his own admission a gangbanger.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐฑ์— ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
14:56
He had spent a substantial amount of time in prison.
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๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
He suffered from a very serious illness.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
He was a drug addict.
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๋งˆ์•ฝ ์ค‘๋…์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
But despite all that, he rarely missed a visit,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์•ฝ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋†“์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
15:10
and I like to believe that was because he knew at our clinic that he was loved.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
When our health care systems have the same commitment to low-income patients
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ด ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
15:23
that that man had to us,
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์ €์†Œ๋“ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:25
two things will happen.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
First, the system will be responsive to the needs of low-income people.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต์˜ ํ•„์š”์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
It will speak their language, it will meet their schedules,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์ •์— ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ 
15:36
it will fulfill their needs.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ•„์š”๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
Second, we will be providing the kind of care
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ง์—…์„ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์„œ
15:43
that we went into this profession to do --
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์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
not just checking the boxes,
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์–‘์‹์„œ๋งŒ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
15:48
but really taking care of those we serve.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ด‰์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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