Online learning could change academia -- for good | Tyler Dewitt

101,849 views ใƒป 2021-04-09

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber:
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sieun Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:13
It's graduation day
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๊ทธ๋‚ ์€ ์กธ์—…์‹ ๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
at the small New England college where my dad taught.
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์ €ํฌ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์‹œ๋˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋‰ด์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:18
It's a burst of color and excitement.
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ์ƒ‰๊น”๋“ค๊ณผ ํฅ๋ถ„์˜ ํ–ฅ์—ฐ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:22
When I was little, he'd carry me up on his shoulders
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ๋ง ํƒœ์›Œ์ฃผ์…จ๊ณ ,
00:25
and I'd marvel at the pageantry.
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์ €๋Š” ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ๊ฐํƒ„ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:28
I loved the wizard-like academic robes that all the professors wore.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ ๋งํ†  ๊ฐ™์€ ์กธ์—… ๊ฐ€์šด์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
My father explained how you could tell what degree someone had
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๊ณผ ํ›„๋“œ์˜ ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ๋””์ž์ธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„
00:36
and the school they'd gone to,
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์–ด๋–ค ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์™”๋Š”์ง€,
00:38
based on the color and design of their gown and hood.
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์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
It was like a diploma, a credential that you could wear.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กธ์—…์žฅ, ํ˜น์€ ์ฆ๋ช…์„œ์™€๋„ ๊ฐ™์•˜์ฃ .
00:47
I couldn't wait to have one of my own.
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์ €๋„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ €๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์šด๊ณผ ํ›„๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:50
My dad taught biochemistry for decades
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์ œ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ƒํ™”ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์…จ๊ณ 
00:53
and was one of those beloved professors.
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์ธ๊ธฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ถ„์ด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Graduation, for him, was a frenzy of thankful hugs and handshakes,
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด ์กธ์—…์‹์€ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ํฌ์˜น๊ณผ ์•…์ˆ˜
01:01
eager introductions to parents.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๋งŒ๋‚จ์˜ ์žฅ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
Countless careers in science and medicine were launched in his Bio 101 class,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์˜ํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ์˜ ์ง„๋กœ๊ฐ€
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋๊ณ ,
01:10
and it was clear he made a difference.
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
I suppose I inherited a love of teaching from my dad,
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์ „ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
and I planned to be a professor,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:19
just like him.
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
01:21
I headed to grad school to do a PhD,
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ง„ํ•™ํ•ด์„œ
01:23
studying microbiology and microchemistry.
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์‹œ ํ™”ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
But along the way, my dad's path and mine started to diverge.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ,
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ์ €์˜ ๊ธธ์ด ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
During long days in lab, I got impatient.
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์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ €๋Š” ์ฐธ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
I wanted to teach.
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์–ผ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:40
I didnโ€™t want to wait to graduate and do a postdoc,
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์กธ์—…ํ•œ ๋’ค์— ๋ฐ•์‚ฌํ›„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฐŸ๊ณ ,
01:43
spend years navigating a treacherous job market.
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์ทจ์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๋…„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
So I turned to the internet,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ๊ธธ์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ์ฃ .
01:48
which was breaking down the barriers to entry
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ง„์ž… ์žฅ๋ฒฝ๊ณผ
01:50
and removing the traditional gatekeepers in many established fields.
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ํ—ˆ๋ฌผ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:56
From my kitchen table, I started recording tutorial videos,
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์ €๋Š” ์ง‘ ์‹ํƒ์— ์•‰์•„์„œ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
teaching the basics of chemistry using simple, hand-drawn diagrams.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ข…์ด ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์˜์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:06
I put the videos on YouTube ...
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์˜์ƒ์„ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ž
02:09
and people actually started watching them.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
First, a few folks, and then more,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋Š˜๋”๋‹ˆ
02:14
and then more.
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์ ์  ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
Thank-you emails poured into my inbox.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌ ์ธ์‚ฌ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ ์•„๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
I wasn't a professor yet,
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ต์ˆ˜๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
02:20
I hadn't even finished my PhD,
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋๋‚ด์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
02:23
but I was helping students all over the world
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜
02:25
get through their chemistry classes.
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ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
I got the sense that something big was brewing here.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:34
But my dad would hear none of it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋“ค์€ ์ฒ™๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
When I explained
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ง ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
02:39
that I was thinking about abandoning the traditional professorship route
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02:42
to explore this new world of online education,
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ,
02:45
he exploded in anger.
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋ชน์‹œ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
"Oh, Tyler, you'd have to be an idiot
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โ€œ์˜ค, ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ! ์ด ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ๋…€์„!
02:51
to think that anyone would care about this stupid YouTube thing."
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๊ทธ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ญ”์ง€ ๋ฐ”๋ณด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒ ๋‹ˆ!โ€
02:56
I shot back with a dig.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
I said, "Every single day,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
โ€œ๋งค์ผ ์ œ ์˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
03:02
my videos teach 10 times as many students as you'll teach in your whole career."
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ํ•™์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค 10๋ฐฐ๋Š” ๋งŽ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.โ€
03:09
It would have really hurt,
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ปธ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
03:11
if he'd had any conception of what I was trying to describe.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
03:16
But maybe he was afraid
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด
03:19
to think about the way his world, steeped in tradition,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ์ „ํ†ต์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด
03:24
was on the brink of change.
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๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
It used to be that students had one professor,
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์˜ˆ์ „์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ ๋ช…์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
03:29
the one standing at the front of the lecture hall.
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์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๊ฐ•์˜์‹ค์— ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:32
But increasingly,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด์ œ๋Š”
03:34
if that professor wasn't a good fit, students could go online
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๊ทธ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ง˜์— ์•ˆ ๋“ค๋ฉด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ ‘์†ํ•ด์„œ
03:39
and seek out videos from other educators to help them learn.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ต์œก์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
It was like an online marketplace
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ
03:45
where students could essentially choose their own professor.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:49
And it was free.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์งœ๋กœ์š”.
03:51
Some of these video creators were instructors from institutions,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋™์˜์ƒ ์ œ์ž‘์ž๋“ค์€ ํ•™์› ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:55
but others could be brilliant teachers who didn't even have a college degree.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
Students chose the teachers that help them learn best,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ง์ ‘ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ณ ,
04:04
and the most popular teachers rose to the top.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์ •์ƒ์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
I wanted to bring my dad into this new world.
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์ €๋Š” ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
I suggested we create a video series for intro biology.
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๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ๋™์˜์ƒ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ž๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:16
His lectures, crafted and perfected over decades,
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด์ง„ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ๊ฐ•์˜๋“ค์€
04:20
took terrifying subjects like the Krebs cycle and transcription
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ํฌ๋ ˆ๋ธŒ์Šค ํšŒ๋กœ๋‚˜ DNA ์ „์‚ฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์„
04:24
and made them crystal clear and beautiful.
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์‰ฝ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ’€์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
They could help millions of students a day.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:31
"Why would any other college need a Bio 101 professor?" I joked.
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๋Œ€ํ•™์—” ์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์ด ํ•„์š” ์—†์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋†๋‹ด์‚ผ์•„ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:37
But it was something I'd seriously thought about a lot.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
What if you identified a few incredibly talented educators like my dad
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๊ต์œก์ž๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ,
04:46
and gave them essentially limitless resources, content editors,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ž์›๊ณผ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ํŽธ์ง‘์ž,
04:49
and animators and production teams,
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์• ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ”์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ œ์ž‘ํŒ€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:52
and they were able to devote all day, every day,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ, ํ˜น์€ ๋งค์ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์„œ
04:55
to making incredible, beautiful educational content.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ต์œก ์ปจํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
04:59
It seemed like this could fundamentally change a field
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๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ” ๋†“์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
where many professors all around the world were teaching essentially similar courses,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ๋“ค,
05:08
particularly at the introductory level.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:12
But each professor rarely had the time and resources
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ต์ˆ˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ์Ÿ์•„๋ถ€์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ž์›์ด
05:16
to go all in.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
Incredible education content felt like something that could scale,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์œก ์ปจํ…์ธ ๋ผ๋ฉด ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋„“ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
a key concept driving so many of the new revolutions in tech.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์ด๋„๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด์ฃ .
05:30
"You could be the world's biology teacher," I said.
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โ€œ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ตฌ์š”!โ€ ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:34
"Oh, you have to be an idiot
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โ€œ๋„ˆ ์ •๋ง ๋ฐ”๋ณด๊ตฌ๋‚˜!
05:36
to think that I'd want to be some kind of YouTube star."
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์Šคํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๋‹ˆ!โ€
05:40
Ugh.
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์–ดํœด.
05:41
I was furious.
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์ €๋Š” ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
And then, shortly thereafter,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณค, ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„,
05:46
unexpectedly, he died ...
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๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
right before I graduated from MIT.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ MIT๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ง์ „์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:54
It upended my life.
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๊ทธ ์ผ๋กœ ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
But there was a silver lining that felt slightly cosmic.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์€ ์žฅ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ๋ง์ด ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
He left me a little bit of money
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์œ ์‚ฐ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์…จ์–ด์š”.
06:03
that allowed me to step off the academic path
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ธธ์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜
06:07
and try my own thing.
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:09
I poured myself into work,
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์ €๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์— ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:11
churning out videos day and night.
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๋ฐค๋‚ฎ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
And I also started to interact more with my viewers.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
And I learned that they were almost all folks who weren't served well
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋œ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ .
06:22
by the rigid structure of traditional academia.
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์ „ํ†ต์  ํ•™์ œ์˜ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ์š”.
06:26
Countless college students
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
06:28
told me how they did all their learning from videos like mine.
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
They attended class only three or four times during a semester,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ ํ•™๊ธฐ์— ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ฒจ์šฐ ์„œ๋„ˆ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
06:35
just to take the tests.
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์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น˜๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
Others were trying to switch careers in middle age,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋Šฆ์€ ๋‚˜์ด์— ์ง์—…์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
06:41
and they needed to take courses piecemeal.
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๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
They needed half of this degree
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ ํ•™์œ„์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๊ณผ
06:46
and a quarter of this one.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์œ„์˜ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:49
A single dad writes me and says how he's trying to go to nursing school,
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์–ด๋–ค ์‹ฑ๊ธ€ ์•„๋น ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€
06:53
to show his young daughters he can be something.
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์ž์‹ ๋„ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋”ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
06:58
He can't understand a word his professor says,
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๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์…จ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:00
but my videos get him through a critical class.
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์ œ ๋™์˜์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…๋“ค์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Comments like his are often followed by an ominous ...
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถˆ๊ธธํ•œ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:09
โ€œSo why am I paying the school, and not paying you?โ€
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์™œ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋ˆ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ..โ€
07:14
I wonder why these people have to go through the motions
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์ €๋Š” ์™œ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณ ์ถฉ์„ ๊ฒช์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
07:17
of attending a class,
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์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
when they are learning all the material on their own.
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ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:21
Why can't they get course credit in other ways?
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์™œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•™์ ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
07:25
Why isn't anyone paying attention to what these people need?
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์™œ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:30
I can't offer diplomas from my YouTube channel,
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์ œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์ฑ„๋„๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
07:34
but once there is a way for students to earn course credit
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ฃ๋“  ๋…ํ•™์„ ํ•˜๋“ 
07:37
no matter how they learned the material,
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์ˆ˜์—… ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
07:39
in class or on their own,
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ํ•™์ ์„ ์ทจ๋“ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:41
the online marketplace of different teachers and different learning approaches
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•™์Šต ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์žฅ์€
07:45
will explode.
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ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
There will be serious competition for who could teach students the best.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ž˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋„ ์น˜์—ดํ•ด์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
07:53
Meanwhile, as I madly upload videos,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋“ฏ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
07:56
my views go through the roof.
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์กฐํšŒ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
Job offers start to come in.
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์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ œ์•ˆ๋„ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:01
Random people start recognizing me on the street,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
08:04
an awkward "Hey, um ....
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์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
โ€ ์ €, ์Œ.. ํ˜น์‹œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?โ€
08:07
Do you make YouTube videos?"
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08:09
It's followed by hugs and handshakes, selfies,
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์ด ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์ธ์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ํฌ์˜น๊ณผ, ์•…์ˆ˜์™€, ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ
08:13
and even occasional tears.
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๊ฐ€๋”์€ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ๋„ ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
Around this time,
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์ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—
08:17
my career moves from the lecture hall to the laboratory.
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์ œ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์˜์‹ค์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
I joined a company focused on education
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์ €๋Š” ๊ต์œก์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.
08:25
for pharmaceutical and life-sciences companies.
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์ œ์•ฝ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผํ•™ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ด์š”.
08:28
The CEO is bold and eccentric,
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CEO๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•˜๊ณ  4์ฐจ์›์ ์ด๋ฉฐ
08:31
and she wants to push the envelope and teach complex lab methods
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ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜์–ด
๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
entirely in virtual reality.
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08:38
Outside of academia, things move fast,
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ํ•™๊ณ„ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ 
08:41
and the stakes are different.
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ํŒ๋ˆ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
The goal for me used to be a final exam grade.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—” ๊ธฐ๋ง๊ณ ์‚ฌ ์‹œํ—˜ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:47
Now, it's a patient's health, a life-saving therapy.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ตฌ๋ช… ์š”๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
For the team I joined,
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์žฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ํŒ€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
08:54
it was a rare chance to think deeply about lab instruction.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
ํ”์น˜ ์•Š์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
In undergrad, I rarely knew what I was doing in labs.
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ํ•™๋ถ€ ์‹œ์ ˆ์—” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์—์„œ ๋ญ˜ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
A couple of drops of this and a couple of drops of that,
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์ด๊ฑฐ ๋ช‡ ๋ฐฉ์šธ, ์ €๊ฑฐ ๋ช‡ ๋ฐฉ์šธ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
09:06
and poof --
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ํŽ‘!
09:07
it would turn red.
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๋นจ๊ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
09:09
Test tubes would break,
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์‹œํ—˜๊ด€์ด ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚˜๊ณ 
09:11
a frazzled TA tried to guide 30 students at the same time.
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๊ธฐ์ง„๋งฅ์ง„ํ•œ ๋ณด์กฐ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— 30๋ช…์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ง€๋„ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
09:15
But VR can be a consistent, constantly vigilant one-on-one coach.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ 1๋Œ€ 1๋กœ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ง€๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
A learner can practice activities over and over,
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ํ•™์ƒ์€ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
until they truly understand what they're doing
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ 
09:27
and why they're doing it.
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์™œ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
09:29
And students don't need an instructor or a TA --
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณด์กฐ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ํ•„์š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
the software does the teaching.
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์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:38
Put on a VR headset,
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VR ํ—ค๋“œ์…‹๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด,
09:39
and you don't need a multi-million-dollar microbiology laboratory
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์งœ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์ด
09:44
to teach microbiology.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
And it's clear that academia isn't the only player
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ํ•™๊ณ„๋งŒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์งˆ์˜ ๊ต์œก์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹˜์ด
09:50
that can provide high-quality learning even in advanced technical fields.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„์š”.
09:56
Coding boot camps have received a lot of attention
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์ตœ๊ทผ์—” ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ๋ถ€ํŠธ ์บ ํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
09:58
giving credentials that allow folks to transition into programming roles.
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
But with VR,
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ํ•œํŽธ, VR์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:04
you could imagine companies offering biotech credentials
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๊ต์œก๊ธฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณตํ•™ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:09
and teaching lab skills
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์‹คํ—˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
needed to, say, manufacture cutting-edge cell and gene therapies.
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์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ์˜ ์„ธํฌ ์œ ์ „์ž ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž๊ฒฉ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:15
When you look at all of these forces together,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด,
10:18
it's clear that real change is going to come in higher education.
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๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก์—์„œ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”์•ž๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™”์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
When I was up there on my father's shoulders,
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ์–ด๊นจ ์œ„์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ ํƒ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
10:27
those colored robes at graduation represented discrete credentials,
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์•Œ๋ก๋‹ฌ๋กํ•œ ์กธ์—…์‹ ๊ฐ€์šด๋“ค์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
earned from classroom and research time at specific schools.
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ํŠน์ • ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์€ ๊ฒฐ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:37
Maybe the metaphorical academic robe of the future
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์กธ์—…์‹ ๊ฐ€์šด๋“ค์€
10:40
is more of a patchwork cape?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์šด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋ณด ๊ฐ™์•„์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
10:43
A discussion class taken in person at MIT,
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ํ† ๋ก  ์ˆ˜์—…์€ MIT์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:46
an introductory content certification passed with the help of YouTube videos.
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์ž…๋ฌธ ์ˆ˜์—…๋“ค์€ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์˜์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๋„์›€์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉฐ
10:52
A VR laboratory course from a company outside of academia.
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ํ•™๊ต ์™ธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” VR ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Graduation is unlikely to be a single, defined event.
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์กธ์—…์‹์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
And learners, instead of institutions,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ต์œก๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
11:07
will have the power to decide what sort of credentials they need
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์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ ,
11:11
and when and how they master the prerequisites.
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์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋–ค ํ•„์ˆ˜ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋“ค์„์ง€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
The impact of COVID is likely to only accelerate this.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์—ฌํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋”์šฑ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ์š”.
11:19
Even the most prestigious schools
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๋ช…๋ง ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฌธ๋‚œ ํ•™๊ต๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ๋„
11:21
are now giving credit for courses completed online.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ด์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•™์ ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
It's going to be tough to put that genie back into the bottle.
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ์ดํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ๋˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:29
And hopefully,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋“ค์ด
11:31
the specter of these changes will force colleges and universities
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๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋“ค์€ ์ €๋งˆ๋‹ค ์–ด๋–ค ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
11:34
to double down on what they can uniquely provide.
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
Maybe that's getting students to dive into research,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
11:41
or providing valuable one-on-one time with professors,
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๊ต์ˆ˜๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ 1๋Œ€1 ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:45
fostering discussions and mentorship.
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ํ† ๋ก ๊ณผ ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ง์„ ์œก์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
MIT has always been on the forefront of innovation,
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MIT๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์ „์„ ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
11:50
and there's a unique opportunity here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ•™๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ์ด๋Œ
11:53
for it to lead academia into this new future.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
But look, I know how hard this change is going to be.
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๊ทธ์น˜๋งŒ ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ์ง€๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
12:03
My father, who was a brilliant educator,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ž์ด์…จ๋˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ๋„
12:06
couldn't see it or didn't want to see it.
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๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋ณด๋ คํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
You would have to be an idiot to think that anything was going to change.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
12:15
But at the same time,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋ก ,
12:16
he valued learning over all else,
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์›€์„ ๊ทธ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
like many other great teachers.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ž๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
12:22
He used to say the focus of education should be learning, not teaching.
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
12:27
These new paths of teaching, of certification,
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€
12:30
they're not trivial shortcuts.
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๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ํ•˜์ฐฎ์€ ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
They'll help students master the same fundamental skills,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
just more effectively, more efficiently.
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์ข€ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ์š”.
12:41
You know ...
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:43
I think back to the first time
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋”ฐ๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ
12:45
I tried the virtual reality lab product I'd helped to build.
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๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
A team of so many brilliant, talented people
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
12:54
had worked on it for months.
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๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฑฐ์˜€์ฃ .
12:57
I slipped on the VR headset, and there I was,
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VR ํ—ค๋“œ์…‹์„ ์“ฐ์ž, ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„,
13:01
a lab bench in front of me.
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์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ์ฑ…์ƒ์ด ๋ˆˆ ์•ž์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
The focus was a fundamental microbiology method.
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๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
13:09
It was probably one of the first things my dad learned when he was in grad school,
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์•„๋งˆ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ป˜์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์›€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ 
13:14
and it was one of the first things that I had learned.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
I wondered, for a moment, what he would have thought
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์ „ ์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:21
if he could have seen this.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
I imagined, somewhat hopefully, of course,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ป˜์„œ ํ—ค๋“œ์…‹์„ ๋‘๋ฆฌ๋ฒˆ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋ฉฐ
13:26
that he'd look around in the headset,
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ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ์ ‘์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ 
13:29
grab a petri dish,
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๋ถ„์   ๋ฒ„๋„ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์† ๋„๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด
13:31
sterilize his metal tools in the Bunsen burner
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๋ฐ์€ ์ฃผํ™ฉ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋น›๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์†Œ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ 
13:34
until they glowed a bright orange,
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ ๋งˆํฌ์ธ
13:37
and maybe he'd say, with one of his trademark phrases,
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๋ฌธ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์‹ค์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ–ˆ์ฃ .
13:41
"Whoa ...
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โ€œํ›„ํ›„...
13:43
This is pretty nifty.
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์ด๊ฑฐ ๊ฝค ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋„ค.
13:45
You would have to be an idiot if you can't tell ...
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์ง„์งœ ๋ฐ”๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹ค์Œ์—์•ผ
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฑฐ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ์ง€.โ€
13:50
this is the future of education."
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13:53
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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