We need to track the world's water like we track the weather | Sonaar Luthra

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2019-10-15 ใƒป TED


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We need to track the world's water like we track the weather | Sonaar Luthra

48,768 views ใƒป 2019-10-15

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: JungJae Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yunjung Nam
00:12
We need to build a weather service for water.
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๋ฌผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Yet, until we collectively demand accountability,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„๋งŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด
00:19
the incentives to fund it will not exist.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๋Œˆ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
The first time I spoke at a conference was here at TED, eight years ago.
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์ €๋Š” 8๋…„ ์ „ ์ด๊ณณ TED์— ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™€ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Fresh out of grad school, little did I know
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๋Œ€ํ•™์›์„ ๊ฐ“ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„
00:31
that in those few minutes onstage,
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์—ฐ๋‹จ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„๊ฐ„
00:32
I was framing the questions I was going to be asked
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜์งˆ
์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
for the next decade.
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00:37
And, like too many 20-somethings,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ 20๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด
00:40
I expected to solve the world's problems --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:42
more specifically, the world's water problems --
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฌผ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
00:45
with my technology.
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์ €์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
I had a lot to learn.
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์•„์ง ํ•œ์ฐธ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
It was seductive,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
believing that our biggest water quality problems persist
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์งˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ์งˆ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
00:56
because they're so hard to identify.
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์ˆ˜์งˆ ์˜ค์—ผ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
00:59
And I presumed
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”
01:01
that we just needed simpler, faster and more affordable sensors.
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๊ทธ์ € ๋” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
I was wrong.
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๊ทธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
While it's true that managing tomorrow's water risk
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๋น„๋ก ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋ฌผ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
01:13
is going to require better data and more technology,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
01:17
today we're barely using the little water data that we have.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์กฐ์ฐจ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Our biggest water problems persist because of what we don't do
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋ฌผ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ณ 
01:27
and the problems we fail to acknowledge.
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์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
There's actually little question
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€
01:32
about what today's water data is telling us to do as a species:
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์—๊ฒŒ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ฒœ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
we need to conserve more,
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๋” ์•„๊ปด ์“ฐ๊ณ 
01:39
and we need to pollute less.
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๋œ ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
But today's data is not going to help us forecast the emerging risks
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ„ํ˜‘์„
01:46
facing businesses and markets.
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์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
It's rapidly becoming useless for that.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์—๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
It used to carry more value,
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์ด๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:54
but it's never actually told us with any real accuracy
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ ์ ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
how much water we have
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๊ณ 
01:59
or what's in it.
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๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€.
02:01
Let's consider the past decade of water usage statistics
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์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„๊ฐ„ G20 ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ
02:06
from each of the G20 nations.
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๋ฌผ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:08
Now, what these numbers do not tell you
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์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
is that none of these countries directly measures how much water they use.
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ง์ ‘ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
These are all estimates,
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ถ”์ •์น˜์ด๋ฉฐ
02:17
and they're based on outdated models
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
that don't consider the climate crisis,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:23
nor do they consider its impact on water.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
In 2015, Chennai, India's sixth-largest city,
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2015๋…„ ์ธ๋„์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฐ ๋„์‹œ ์ฒธ๋‚˜์ด์—์„œ
02:32
was hit with the worst floods it had seen in a century.
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์ง€๋‚œ ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ํ™์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
Today, its water reservoirs are nearly dry.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ฒธ๋‚˜์ด์˜ ์ €์ˆ˜์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ง๋ผ๋ถ™์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
It took three years to get here,
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์ €์ˆ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ
02:43
three years of subaverage rainfall.
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3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ฏธ๋‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Now, that's faster than most nations tabulate their national water data,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ
02:50
including the US.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
And although there were forecasts
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌผ ๋ถ€์กฑ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€
02:55
that predicted severe shortages of water in Chennai,
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์ฒธ๋‚˜์ด์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
03:00
none of them could actually help us pinpoint exactly when or where
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ธ์ œ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ• ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ
03:03
this was going to happen.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:05
This is a new type of water problem,
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์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ฌผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
because the rate at which every aspect of our water cycle changes
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์ด ์ˆœํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€
03:13
is accelerating.
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๊ฐ€์†ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
As a recent UN warning this month revealed,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋‹ฌ UN์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
03:18
we are now facing one new climate emergency every single week.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๋งค ์ฃผ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋น„์ƒ์‚ฌํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
There are greater uncertainties ahead for water quality.
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์ˆ˜์งˆ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
It's rare in most countries for most water bodies to be tested
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ํ•œ ํ•ด ํ•œ ์คŒ ๋‚จ์ง“์˜ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:33
for more than a handful of contaminants in a year.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์„ ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Instead of testing, we use what's called the "dilution model"
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์ˆ˜์—ญ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
โ€˜ํฌ์„ ๋ชจํ˜•โ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
to manage pollution.
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03:41
Now, imagine I took an Olympic-sized swimming pool,
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์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์— ๋‹ด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์›Œ
03:44
I filled it with fresh water and I added one drop of mercury.
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์ˆ˜์€์„ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์šธ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:48
That would dilute down to one part per billion mercury,
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์ด ์ˆ˜์€์€ 10์–ต ๋ถ„์˜ 1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์„๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:50
which is well within what the World Health Organization
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์ด ์ •๋„๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ณด๊ฑด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ(WHO)์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
considers safe.
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03:55
But if there was any unforeseen drop in how much water was available --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ,
03:59
less groundwater, less stream flow, less water in the pool --
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์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜์™€ ํ•˜์ฒœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์šธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–‘์ด ์ ์€ ๋ฌผ์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋ฉด
04:04
less dilution would take place,
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ํฌ์„ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ณ 
04:06
and things would get more toxic.
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๋…์„ฑ์€ ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
So this is how most countries are managing pollution.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
They use this model to tell them how much pollution is safe.
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ํฌ์„ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ์ง€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
And it has clear weaknesses,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์•ฝ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:18
but it worked well enough when we had abundant water
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฌผ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ƒ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์ผ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:20
and consistent weather patterns.
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ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์—†์ด ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
Now that we don't, we're going to need to invest and develop
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
new data-collection strategies.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
But before we do that, we have to start acting on the data we already have.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์ „์— ์ด๋ฏธ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ฒœ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
This is a jet fuel fire.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œํŠธ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์ถœ ์žฅ๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
As many of you may be aware,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„์ด ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
04:38
jet fuel emissions play an enormous role in climate change.
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์ œํŠธ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
What you might not be aware of is that the US Department of Defense
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ์ด
04:45
is the world's largest consumer of jet fuel.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ œํŠธ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
And when they consume jet fuel,
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๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ์ด ์ œํŠธ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ
04:50
they mandate the use of the firefighting foam pictured here,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™”์žฌ ์ง„์••์šฉ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ์ง€์‹œํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
04:54
which contains a class of chemicals called PFAS.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— PFAS(๊ณผ๋ถˆํ™”์˜ฅํ…Œ์ธ์ˆ ํฐ์‚ฐ) ๋ผ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Nobody uses more of this foam than the US Department of Defense,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:01
and every time it's used, PFAS finds its way into our water systems.
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์ด ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค PFAS๋Š” ํ•˜์ฒœ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ธธ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
Globally, militaries have been using this foam since the 1970s.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ 1970๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
We know PFAS causes cancer, birth defects,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” PFAS๊ฐ€ ์•”๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜• ์ถœ์‚ฐ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
and it's now so pervasive in the environment
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์ด์ œ PFAS๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ตฌ์„๊ตฌ์„ ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“ค์–ด
05:17
that we seem to find it in nearly every living thing we test,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
including us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:25
But so far, the US Department of Defense has not been held accountable
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ์€
05:29
for PFAS contamination,
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PFAS ์˜ค์—ผ์— ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:31
nor has it been held liable.
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๋ฒ•์  ์˜๋ฌด๋„ ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
And although there's an effort underway to phase out these firefighting foams,
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์ด ํ™”์žฌ์ง„์••์šฉ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ํ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด์ง€๋งŒ
05:36
they're not embracing safer, effective alternatives.
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๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ์€ ๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
They're actually using other PFAS molecules,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ PFAS ๋ถ„์ž๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
05:43
which may, for all we know, carry worse health consequences.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋“ฏ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋” ๋‚˜์œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
So today, government accountability is eroding to the point of elimination,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์€ ์ ์  ์นจ์‹๋˜์–ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
05:56
and the risk of liability from water pollution is vanishing.
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์ˆ˜์งˆ ์˜ค์—ผ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์  ์ฑ…์ž„๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
What types of incentives does this create for investing in our water future?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:07
Over the past decade, the average early stage global investment
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์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ, ์ฐฝ์—…ํ•œ ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ ์•ˆ ๋œ ๋ฌผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
06:12
in early stage water technology companies
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ตญ์ œ ํˆฌ์ž๋Š”
06:15
has totaled less than 30 million dollars every year.
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์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 3์ฒœ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
That's 0.12 percent of global venture capital for early stage companies.
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์ด๋Š” ์ฐฝ์—… ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ํˆฌ์ž๋˜๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒค์ฒ˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์˜ 0.12%์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:27
And public spending is not going up nearly fast enough.
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๊ณต๊ณต ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
And a closer look at it reveals that water is not a priority.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
In 2014, the US federal government was spending 11 dollars per citizen
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2014๋…„ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ž์› ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
๊ตญ๋ฏผ ํ•œ ๋ช…๋‹น 11๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๊ณ 
06:41
on water infrastructure,
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06:43
versus 251 dollars on IT infrastructure.
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IT ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ช…๋‹น 251๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
So when we don't use the data we have,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
06:51
we don't encourage investment in new technologies,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:54
we don't encourage more data collection
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
06:56
and we certainly don't encourage investment in securing a water future.
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๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๋„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
So are we doomed?
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์ด์ œ ํŒŒ๋ฉธ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
07:05
Part of what I'm still learning
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
07:07
is how to balance the doom and the urgency with things we can do,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ, ํŒŒ๋ฉธ๊ณผ ์œ„๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
because Greta Thunberg and the Extinction Rebellion
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๊ทธ๋ ˆํƒ€ ํˆฐ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฉธ์ข… ์ €ํ•ญ์šด๋™์€
07:15
don't want our hope -- they want us to act.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ํฌ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
So what can we do?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:19
It's hard to imagine life without a weather service,
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—… ์—†๋Š” ์‚ถ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํž˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
but before modern weather forecasting,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์˜ˆ๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š”
07:27
we had no commercial air travel,
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:29
it was common for ships to be lost at sea,
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๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๋‚œํŒŒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ํ”ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:33
and a single storm could produce a food shortage.
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๋‹จ ํ•œ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ํญํ’์ด ์‹๋Ÿ‰๋‚œ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
Once we had radio and telegraph networks,
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๋ผ๋””์˜ค์™€ ์ „์‹ ๋ง์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ํ›„๋กœ
07:39
all that was necessary to solve these problems
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ํญํ’์˜ ์ด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋งŒ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:43
was tracking the movement of storms.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
And that laid the foundation for a global data collection effort,
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๊ธฐ์ƒ ์˜ˆ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
07:51
one that every household and every business depends upon today.
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์ •๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
And this was as much the result of coordinated and consistent data collection
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ธ ๋งŒํผ
07:59
as it was the result of producing a culture that saw greater value
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ
08:05
in openly assessing and sharing everything that it could find out and discover
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๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์„œ
๋” ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
about the risks we face.
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08:13
A global weather service for water would help us forecast water shortages.
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๋ฌผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌผ ๋ถ€์กฑ ์‹œ์ ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
It could help us implement rationing well before reservoirs run dry.
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์ €์ˆ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ง๋ผ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฌผ ๋ฐฐ๊ธ‰์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
It could help us detect contamination before it spreads.
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์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
It could protect our supply chains,
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์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ 
08:29
secure our food supplies,
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์‹๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋„ ์›ํ™œํ•ด ์ง€๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
08:31
and, perhaps most importantly,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์ ์€
08:33
it would enable the precise estimation of risk
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๋ฌผ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ
08:36
necessary to insure against it.
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๋Œ€๋น„์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์  ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
We know we can do this because we've already done it with weather.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๊ธฐ ์˜ˆ๋ณด๋„ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
But it's going to require resources.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—…์—๋Š” ์ž์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
We need to encourage greater investment in water.
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๋ฌผ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
Investors, venture capitalists:
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ํˆฌ์ž์ž์™€ ๋ฒค์ฒ˜ ์ž๋ณธ๊ฐ€์˜
08:51
a portion of your funds and portfolios should be dedicated to water.
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์ž๊ธˆ๊ณผ ํฌํŠธํด๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Nothing is more valuable
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๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:57
and, after all, businesses are going to need to understand water risks
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด๋„ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
09:01
in order to remain competitive in the world we are entering.
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌผ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
Aside from venture capital,
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๊ธฐ์—… ์ž๋ณธ๊ณผ ๋ณ„๊ฐœ๋กœ
09:07
there are also lots of promising government programs
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์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ์„ธ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜๋Š”
09:10
that encourage economic development through tax incentives.
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์‹ ๋ขฐํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
A new option in the US that my company is using
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์ €ํฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…์ธ โ€˜๊ธฐํšŒ ํŠน๊ตฌ' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
is called "opportunity zones."
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09:19
They offer favorable tax treatment for investing capital gains
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์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋“์ด ์ ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์–‘๋„ ์†Œ๋“์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋ฉด
09:23
in designated distressed and low-income areas.
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธ์˜์ ์ธ ์„ธ์ œ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
Now, these are areas
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ง€์—ญ์€
09:28
that are also facing staggering water risk,
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฌผ ์œ„๊ธฐ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
09:31
so this creates crucial incentives to work directly with the communities
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์ด ์„ธ์ œ ํ˜œํƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์— ์ง์ ‘ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
09:34
who need help most.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
And if you're not looking to make this type of investment
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
09:41
but you own land in the US,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋•…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:42
did you know that you can leverage your land
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋•…์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
09:46
to conserve water quality permanently
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์˜์›ํžˆ ์ˆ˜์งˆ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
09:49
with a conservation easement?
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๋ณด์กด ์ง€์—ญ๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
09:51
You can assign the perpetual right to a local land trust
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์ง€์—ญ ํ† ์ง€์‹ ํƒ์— ์ข…์‹ ๊ถŒ์„ ์ด์–‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
09:54
to conserve your land
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋•…์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ณ 
09:56
and set specific water quality goals.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์  ์ˆ˜์งˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:58
And if you meet those goals,
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์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:00
you can be rewarded with a substantial tax discount every year.
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๋งค๋…„ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฐ๋ฉด ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
How many areas could our global community protect
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๊ตญ์ œ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ
10:10
through these and other programs?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:14
They're powerful because they offer the access to real property
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ๋ฌผ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—…์˜
10:17
necessary to lay the foundation for a global weather service for water.
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์— ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
But this can only work if we use these programs as they are intended
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์˜๋„ํ•œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
10:28
and not as mere vehicles for tax evasion.
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ํƒˆ์„ธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
When the conservation easement was established,
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๋ณด์กด ์ง€์—ญ๊ถŒ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๋ฌด๋ ต
10:35
nobody could anticipate how ingrained in environmental movements
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ณตํ•ด ์œ ๋ฐœ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์šด๋™์—
10:38
corporate polluters would become.
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๊นŠ์ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๊ฐ€์งˆ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
And we've become accustomed to companies talking about the climate crisis
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์ด ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ์ •์ž‘ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์—
10:45
while doing nothing about it.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
This has undermined the legacy and the impact of these programs,
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๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰ํƒœ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์œ ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์•ฝํ™”ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:54
but it also makes them ripe for reclamation.
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ํ† ์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:57
Why not use conservation easements as they were intended,
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๋ณด์กด ์ง€์—ญ๊ถŒ์„ ์˜๋„ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ
11:00
to set and reach ambitious conservation goals?
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์•ผ์‹ฌ ์ฐฌ ๋ณด์กด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
11:04
Why not create opportunities in opportunity zones?
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๊ธฐํšŒ ํŠน๊ตฌ์— ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
11:09
Because fundamentally, water security requires accountability.
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๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
Accountability is not corporate polluters sponsoring environmental groups
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฑ…์ž„์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ณตํ•ด ์œ ๋ฐœ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋‹จ์ฒด์™€ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์„ ํ›„์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
and museums.
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11:22
Those are conflicts of interest.
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์ฑ…์ž„์€ ์ƒ์ถฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:30
Accountability is:
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์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋ž€
11:33
making the risk of liability too expensive
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๋ฌผ์„ ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š”
11:37
to continue polluting and wasting our water.
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๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฌด๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
We can't keep settling for words. It's time to act.
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๋ง๋กœ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
And where better to start than with our biggest polluters,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณตํ•ด ์œ ๋ฐœ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋งž์„œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
particularly the US Department of Defense, which is taxpayer-funded.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
Who and what are we protecting when US soldiers, their families
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๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ตฐ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
11:56
and the people who live near US military bases abroad
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์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:00
are all drinking toxic water?
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12:02
Global security can no longer remain at odds with protecting our planet
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์•ˆ๋ณด๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ
12:07
or our collective health.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
Our survival depends on it.
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๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ์ƒ์กด์ด ๋ฌผ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Similarly,
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์ด์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ
12:13
agriculture in most countries depends on taxpayer-funded subsidies
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋†์—…์€ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜์–ด
12:17
that are paid to farmers to secure and stabilize food supplies.
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๋†๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
These incentives are a crucial leverage point for us,
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
because agriculture is responsible for consuming 70 percent
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๋†์—…์€ ๋งค๋…„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์˜ 70%๋ฅผ
12:30
of all the water we use every year.
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์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
Fertilizer and pesticide runoff
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๋น„๋ฃŒ์™€ ๋†์•ฝ์—์„œ ์œ ์ถœ๋œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€
12:36
are the two biggest sources of water pollution.
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์ˆ˜์งˆ ์˜ค์—ผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์›์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
Let's restructure these subsidies to demand better water efficiency
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๋†์—… ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
์˜ค์—ผ์„ ๋” ์ ๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”๊ตฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
and less pollution.
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12:44
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
12:50
Finally:
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
12:52
we can't expect progress
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์ƒ์ถฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐœ์ „์€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ฃ .
12:53
if we're unwilling to confront the conflicts of interest
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12:56
that suppress science,
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์ด ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์–ต๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ 
12:58
that undermine innovation
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ํ˜์‹ ์„ ํ—ˆ๋ฌผ๋ฉฐ
13:00
and that discourage transparency.
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ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์ขŒ์ ˆ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
It is in the public interest
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
13:04
to measure and to share everything we can learn and discover
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š”
13:08
about the risks we face in water.
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
Reality does not exist until it's measured.
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ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ์ธก์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•œ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
It doesn't just take technology to measure it.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋งŒ์œผ๋ก  ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
It takes our collective will.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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