Antonio Donato Nobre: The magic of the Amazon: A river that flows invisibly all around us

135,322 views ใƒป 2014-09-19

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: TED Translators admin Reviewer: Leonardo Silva
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Janice Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:12
What do you guys think?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:14
For those who watched Sir Ken's memorable TED Talk,
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์ผ„ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์— ๋‚จ๋Š” TED ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ๋ณด์‹  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
00:19
I am a typical example of what he describes
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ธ๋ฐ,
00:22
as "the body as a form of transport for the head,"
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'๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์‹ ์ฒด" ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
a university professor.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ฃ .
00:27
You might think it was not fair
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์„  ๋‘ ๊ฐ•์˜ ํ›„์—
00:31
that I've been lined up to speak after these first two talks
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ผ์„œ
00:34
to speak about science.
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๊ณต์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
00:36
I can't move my body to the beat,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ•์ž์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ œ ๋ชธ์„ ์›€์ง์—ฌ ์ถค์„ ์ถœ ์ค„๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ ,
00:40
and after a scientist who became a philosopher,
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์ฒ ํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์˜ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด
00:43
I have to talk about hard science.
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์ž์—ฐ๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
00:45
It could be a very dry subject.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Yet, I feel honored.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ด‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
Never in my career,
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์ œ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ,
00:53
and it's been a long career,
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ด์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:55
have I had the opportunity to start a talk
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์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์˜๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋งŒ๋˜์–ด ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
feeling so inspired, like this one.
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01:00
Usually, talking about science
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๋ณดํ†ต, ๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:04
is like exercising in a dry place.
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'๊ฑด์กฐํ•จ' ์†์—์„œ ์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
However, I've had the pleasure
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ฆ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ
01:11
of being invited to come here to talk about water.
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'๋ฌผ'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
The words "water" and "dry" do not match, right?
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'๋ฌผ'๊ณผ '๊ฑด์กฐํ•จ'์ด๋ž€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์ด ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:19
It is even better to talk about water in the Amazon,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์ž‰ํƒœ๋˜๋Š” ์š”๋žŒ๊ฐ™์€
01:22
which is the splendid cradle of life. Fresh life.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์˜ '๋ฌผ'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋”์šฑ ์˜๊ด‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
So this is what inspired me.
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๋„ค, ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
That's why I'm here, although I'm carrying
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜จ ์ด์œ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:32
my head over here.
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๋น„๋ก ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
01:34
I am trying, or will try to convey this inspiration.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ ค ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
I hope this story will inspire you and that you'll spread the word.
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ง€๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
01:43
We know that there is controversy.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
The Amazon is the "lung of the world,"
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์€ '์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ—ˆํŒŒ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
because of its massive power to have vital gases exchanged
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์ˆฒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ฃผ๋Š”
01:56
between the forest and the atmosphere.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋•๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
We also hear about the storehouse of biodiversity.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์—๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋“ค์–ด์™”์ฃ .
02:02
While many believe it,
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๋งŽ์ด๋“ค ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:06
few know it.
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์‹ค์ œ๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ช‡์ด๋‚˜ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
02:08
If you go out there, in this marsh,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ง์ ‘ ๋Šช์ง€์— ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋ฉด
02:10
you'll be amazed at the --
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๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋†€๋ผ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
You can barely see the animals.
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02:15
The Indians say, "The forest has more eyes than leaves."
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์ธ๋””์•ˆ ์†๋‹ด์ค‘์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. "์ˆฒ์—๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ญ‡์žŽ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ๋‹ค"
02:20
That is true, and I will try to show you something.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
But today, I'm going to use a different approach,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
02:26
one that is inspired by these two initiatives here,
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์กฐํ™”๋กญ๊ณ , ์ฒ ํ•™์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์–ป์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
02:29
a harmonic one and a philosophical one.
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02:31
I'll try to use an approach that's slightly materialistic,
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์—๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ฒ ํ•™๊ณผ ์กฐํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
02:35
but it also attempts to convey that, in nature, there is
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02:39
extraordinary philosophy and harmony.
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๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
There'll be no music in my presentation,
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์ œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์— ์Œ์•…์€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
02:44
but I hope you'll all notice the music of the reality I'm going to show you.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋Š” ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์Œ์•…์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ๋„ ๋Š๋ผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
I'm going to talk about physiology โ€” not about lungs,
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ—ˆํŒŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
02:51
but other analogies with human physiology,
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์ธ์ฒด์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
especially the heart.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์‹ฌ์žฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
02:56
We'll start
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๋ฌผ์„ ํ”ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
by thinking that water is like blood.
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03:06
The circulation in our body distributes fresh blood,
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ํ˜ˆ์•ก์ˆœํ™˜์€ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ ,
03:11
which feeds, nurtures and supports us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋จน์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ , ํ‚ค์›Œ์ฃผ๊ณ , ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ ,
03:13
and brings the used blood back to be renewed.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํ”ผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ •ํ™”์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
In the Amazon, things happen similarly.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด๋„ ์ด์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
We'll start by talking about the power of all these processes.
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์šฐ์„ , ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ํž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์ฃ .
03:27
This is an image
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์ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š”
๋น„์˜ ์ด๋™์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:32
of rain in motion.
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03:35
What you see there is the years passing in seconds.
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Rains all over the world. What do you see?
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:42
The equatorial region, in general,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ๋„์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ,
03:44
and the Amazon specifically,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์•„๋งˆ์กด์€
03:45
is extremely important for the world's climate.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธฐํ›„์— ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
It's a powerful engine.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์—”์ง„์ด์ฃ .
03:50
There is a frantic evaporation taking place here.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฆ๋ฐœ์ด ์ •์‹ ์—†์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
If we take a look at this other image,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:58
which shows the water vapor flow,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šต๊ธฐ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
you have dry air in black, moist air in gray,
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๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰, ์Šตํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ํšŒ์ƒ‰,
04:04
and clouds in white.
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๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์€ ํฐ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
What you see there is an extraordinary resurgence in the Amazon.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์žฌ์ƒํ˜„์ƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
What phenomenon -- if it's not a desert,
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์–ด๋–ค ํ˜„์ƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด
04:14
what phenomenon makes water gush from the ground into the atmosphere
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์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ณด์ผ๋งŒํผ ํฐ ํž˜์œผ๋กœ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ถ„์ถœ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜„์ƒ์ด์ฃ ?
04:19
with such power that it can be seen from space?
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04:22
What phenomenon is this?
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์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
04:23
It could be a geyser.
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๊ฐ„ํ— ์˜จ์ฒœ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
A geyser is underground water heated by magma,
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๊ฐ„ํ— ์˜จ์ฒœ์€ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋งˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐ์›Œ์ง„ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜์ด๊ณ ,
04:30
exploding into the atmosphere
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ถ„์ถœ๋˜์–ด ์ด ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
and transferring this water into the atmosphere.
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04:35
There are no geysers in the Amazon, unless I am wrong.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ‹€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์•„๋งˆ์กด์—๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ— ์˜จ์ฒœ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
I don't know of any.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
But we have something that plays the same role,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”
04:44
with much more elegance though:
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ณ ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
the trees, our good old friends
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๊ฐ„ํ— ์˜จ์ฒœ๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด
04:51
that, like geysers,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ค๋žœ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋Š”
04:54
can transfer an enormous amount of water from the ground into the atmosphere.
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๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ถ„์ถœ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
There are 600 billion trees in the Amazon forest, 600 billion geysers.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด ์ˆฒ์—๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด 6์ฒœ์–ต ๊ทธ๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ . ๊ฐ„ํ— ์˜จ์ฒœ 6์ฒœ์–ต ๊ฐœ์ธ ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
05:04
That is done with an extraordinary sophistication.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
They don't need the heat of magma.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋Š” ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋งˆ ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
They use sunlight to do this process.
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๋Œ€์‹  ํ–‡๋น›์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
So, in a typical sunny day in the Amazon,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์•„๋งˆ์กด์˜ ๋ง‘์€ ๋‚ ์—
05:16
a big tree manages to transfer 1,000 liters of water
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ์ฆ๋ฐœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
05:19
through its transpiration --
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1000 ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
1,000 liters.
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05:23
If we take all the Amazon,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ์กด์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํฐ ์ง€์—ญ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋†“๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„
05:28
which is a very large area,
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05:30
and add it up to all that water that is released by transpiration,
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์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ฆ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ฌผ์˜ ์–‘,
05:33
which is the sweat of the forest,
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์ฆ‰, '์ˆฒ์˜ ๋•€'์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋”ํ•˜๋ฉด
05:36
we'll get to an incredible number:
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์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ˆ˜์น˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
20 billion metric tons of water.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 200์–ต ํ†ค๋ผ๋Š” ์ฆ๋ฐœ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
In one day.
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05:43
Do you know how much that is?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:45
The Amazon River, the largest river on Earth,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฐ•์ธ ์•„๋งˆ์กด ๊ฐ•์€
05:48
one fifth of all the fresh water
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์ „์ฒด ๋‹ด์ˆ˜์˜ 5๋ถ„์˜ 1์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
05:49
that leaves the continents of the whole world and ends up in the oceans,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ์ง€๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
05:53
dumps 17 billion metric tons of water a day in the Atlantic Ocean.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 170์–ต ํ†ค์ด ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
This river of vapor
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์ˆฒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š”
05:58
that comes up from the forest and goes into the atmosphere
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์ด '์ฆ๋ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ•'์€ ์•„๋งˆ์กด ๊ฐ•๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
is greater than the Amazon River.
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06:03
Just to give you an idea.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด
06:05
If we could take a gigantic kettle,
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์ „์› ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ์— ๊ฝ‚๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์ „์ž ์žˆ์ฃ , ์ „๊ธฐํฌํŠธ์š”.
06:08
the kind you could plug into a power socket, an electric one,
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐํฌํŠธ์— ๋ฌผ 200์–ต ํ†ค์„ ๋„ฃ์–ด์„œ ์ฆ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋ฉด
06:11
and put those 20 billion metric tons of water in it,
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06:14
how much power would you need to have this water evaporated?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํž˜์ด ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
06:17
Any idea? A really big kettle.
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์ƒ์ƒ์ด ๋˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ํฐ ์ฃผ์ „์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
A gigantic kettle, right?
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
50 thousand Itaipus.
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5๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ดํƒ€์ดํ‘ธ์— ๋งž๋จน๋Š” ์ •๋„์˜ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค์š”.
06:24
Itaipu is still the largest hydroelectric plant in the world.
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์ดํƒ€์ดํ‘ธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ˆ˜๋ ฅ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ์ฃ .
06:28
and Brazil is very proud of it
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
06:29
because it provides more than 30 percent of the power
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30% ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:32
that is consumed in Brazil.
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:34
And the Amazon is here, doing this for free.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ์กด๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต์งœ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด์—์š”.
06:38
It's a vivid and extremely powerful plant, providing environmental services.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”, ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ์ด์ฃ .
06:46
Related to this subject,
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ
06:47
we are going to talk about what I call the paradox of chance,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ '๊ธฐํšŒ์˜ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋…์Šค'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
which is curious.
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๊ฝค ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์›Œ์š”.
06:52
If you look at the world map --
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
it's easy to see this --
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06:55
you'll see that there are forests in the equatorial zone,
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์ ๋„ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ˆฒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:58
and deserts are organized at 30 degrees north latitude,
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๋ถ์œ„ 30๋„์™€ ๋‚จ์œ„ 30๋„์— ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
30 degrees south latitude, aligned.
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07:05
Look over there, in the southern hemisphere, the Atacama;
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋‚จ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ์— ์•„ํƒ€์นด๋งˆ,
07:08
Namibia and Kalahari in Africa; the Australian desert.
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ธ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฏธ๋น„์•„์™€ ์นผ๋ผํ•˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:10
In the northern hemisphere, the Sahara, Sonoran, etc.
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๋ถ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ, ์†Œ๋…ธ๋ž€ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
There is an exception, and it's curious:
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
It's the quadrangle that ranges from Cuiabรก to Buenos Aires,
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์ฟ ์ด์•„๋ฐ”์—์„œ ๋ถ€์—๋…ธ์Šค ์•„์ด๋ ˆ์Šค,
07:21
and from Sรฃo Paulo to the Andes.
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์ƒํŒŒ์šธ๋กœ, ์•ˆ๋ฐ์Šค๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
This quadrangle was supposed to be a desert.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์€ ์›๋ž˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด์–ด์•ผ ๋ผ์š”.
07:26
It's on the line of deserts.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ์„ ์ƒ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:28
Why isn't it? That's why I call it the paradox of chance.
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์™œ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”. ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ '๊ธฐํšŒ์˜ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋…์Šค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
What do we have in South America that is different?
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๋‚จ๋ฏธ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ ์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
07:36
If we could use the analogy
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ํ˜ˆ์•ก์ˆœํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์œ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
07:38
of the blood circulating in our bodies,
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07:42
like the water circulating in the landscape,
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๋ฌผ์ด ์ง€ํ˜•์„ ์ˆœํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:45
we see that rivers are veins,
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๊ฐ•์„ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
07:49
they drain the landscape, they drain the tissue of nature.
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๊ฐ•์€ ์ง€ํ˜•์„ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์กฐ์ง์„ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
Where are the arteries?
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๋™๋งฅ์€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
07:56
Any guess?
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์ง์ž‘์ด ๊ฐ€์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:58
What takes --
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ-
08:00
How does water get to irrigate the tissues of nature
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์กฐ์ง์— ๊ด€๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ 
08:05
and bring everything back through rivers?
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ๊นŒ์š”?
08:08
There is a new type of river,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฐ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
which originates in the blue sea,
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ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด
08:14
which flows through the green ocean --
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๋…น์ƒ‰ ํ•ด์–‘(์ˆฒ)์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅด๊ณ 
08:18
it not only flows, but it is also pumped by the green ocean --
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ํ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•ด์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŽŒํ•‘๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์„œ
08:21
and then it falls on our land.
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์œก์ง€๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
All our economy, that quadrangle,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ์ € ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์€
08:26
70 percent of South America's GDP comes from that area.
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๋‚จ๋ฏธ GDP์˜ 70%๊ฐ€ ์ €๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
It depends on this river.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:32
This river flows invisibly above us.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์€ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์œ„์— ํ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
We are floating here on this floating hotel,
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฐ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๋„ค๊ทธ๋กœ๊ฐ• ์œ„์—
08:36
on one of the largest rivers on Earth, the Negro River.
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์ด ํ˜ธํ…”๋„ ๋– ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์†์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋– ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:39
It's a bit dry and rough, but we are floating here,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์น ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์ด๊ณ 
08:43
and there is this invisible river running above us.
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์ฆ‰ ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
This river has a pulse.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์€ ๋งฅ๋ฐ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
Here it is, pulsing.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ๋งฅ๋ฐ•์ด ๋›ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:51
That's why we also talk about the heart.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
You can see the different seasons there.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
There's the rainy season. In the Amazon, we used to have two seasons,
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์šฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”. ์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
the humid season and the even more humid season.
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์Šตํ•œ ๊ณ„์ ˆ๊ณผ ์•„์ฃผ ์Šตํ•œ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์ด์ฃ .
09:02
Now we have a dry season.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
You can see the river covering that region
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๊ฐ•์ด ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
09:06
which, otherwise, would be a desert. And it is not.
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๊ฐ•์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ณณ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
We, scientists -- You see that I'm struggling here
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€...
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ณณ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๊ตฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
to move my head from one side to the other.
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09:19
Scientists study how it works, why, etc.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ด์œ  ๋“ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
and these studies are generating a series of discoveries,
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์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
09:29
which are absolutely fabulous,
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๋ถ€, ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
09:31
to raise our awareness of the wealth,
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋‚ดํฌ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€๊ณผ ๊ตํ–ฅ๊ณก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
09:34
the complexity, and the wonder that we have,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ์žฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š”
09:36
the symphony we have in this process.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
One of them is: How is rain formed?
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”: ๋น„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
09:41
Above the Amazon, there is clean air,
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ํ•ด์–‘ ์œ„์— ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋“ฏ
09:45
as there is clean air above the ocean.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด ์œ„์—๋„ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
The blue sea has clean air above it and forms pretty few clouds;
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ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์œ„์—๋Š” ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ์ž˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
09:50
there's almost no rain there.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
09:51
The green ocean has the same clean air, but forms a lot of rain.
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์ดˆ๋ก ํ•ด์–‘ ์œ„์—๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
What is happening here that is different?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธธ๋ž˜ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ๊นŒ์š”?
09:58
The forest emits smells,
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์ˆฒ์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฟœ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
and these smells are condensation nuclei,
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์ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š” ์‘๊ฒฐํ•ต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฐ
10:03
which form drops in the atmosphere.
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘์— ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
Then, clouds are formed and there is torrential rain.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ํญ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์Ÿ์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
10:10
The sprinkler of the Garden of Eden.
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์—๋ด ๋™์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์‚ด์ง ๋ฟŒ๋ ค์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
This relation between a living thing, which is the forest,
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ธ ์ˆฒ๊ณผ ๋น„์ƒ๋ฌผ์ธ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์ •๊ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
and a nonliving thing, which is the atmosphere,
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10:21
is ingenious in the Amazon,
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10:24
because the forest provides water and seeds,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆฒ์ด ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์”จ์•—์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉด
10:29
and the atmosphere forms the rain and gives water back,
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์–ด
10:32
guaranteeing the forest's survival.
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์ˆฒ์˜ ์ƒ์กด์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
10:36
There are other factors as well.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
We've talked a little about the heart,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
10:39
and let's now talk about another function: the liver!
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ . ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
10:42
When humid air, high humidity and radiation are combined
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์Šตํ•  ๋•Œ ์Šต๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์ด
10:47
with these organic compounds,
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์œ ๊ธฐํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ,
10:49
which I call exogenous vitamin C, generous vitamin C in the form of gas,
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์ฆ‰, ๊ฐ€์Šค ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ C๋ผ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€์š”์ธ๊ณผ ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๋ฉด
10:55
the plants release antioxidants
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์‹๋ฌผ์€ ํ•ญ์‚ฐํ™”์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฟœ์–ด ์˜ค์—ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
which react with pollutants.
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11:00
You can rest assured
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ๋Š”
11:02
that you are breathing the purest air on Earth, here in the Amazon,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ˆ์‹ฌํ•˜์…”๋„ ๋ผ์š”.
11:05
because the plants take care of this characteristic as well.
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์™œ์•ผํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ณณ์˜ ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:09
This benefits the very way plants work,
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์ด๋กœ์„œ ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์ž๋ผ๋Š”๋ฐ ํฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
which is another ingenious cycle.
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์ˆœํ™˜๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Speaking of fractals,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”„๋ž™ํƒˆ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ์ฒด๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜
11:17
and their relation with the way we work,
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๊ด€๊ณ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
we can establish other comparisons.
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11:22
As in the upper airways of our lungs,
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ํŽ˜์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€๊ธฐ๋„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:26
the air in the Amazon gets cleaned up from the excess of dust.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋„ ๋จผ์ง€์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ •ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
11:29
The dust in the air that we breathe is cleaned by our airways.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ๋จผ์ง€๋Š” ํ˜ธํก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •ํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
This keeps the excess of dust from affecting the rainfall.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋จผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
When there are fires in the Amazon,
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์— ๋ถˆ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:39
the smoke stops the rain, it stops raining,
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์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
11:42
the forest dries up and catches fire.
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์ˆฒ์ด ๊ฑด์กฐํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
11:44
There is another fractal analogy.
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๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋ž™ํƒˆ ๋น„์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
Like in the veins and arteries,
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์ •๋งฅ๊ณผ ๋™๋งฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:49
the rain water is a feedback.
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๋น—๋ฌผ๋„ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
It returns to the atmosphere.
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ฃ .
11:53
Like endocrinal glands and hormones,
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๋‚ด๋ถ„๋น„์„ ๊ณผ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ๊ฐ™์ด
11:58
there are those gases which I told you about before,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ „์— ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š”
12:00
that are formed and released into the atmosphere, like hormones,
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ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋ผ
12:04
which help in the formation of rain.
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๋น„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
Like the liver and the kidneys, as I've said, cleaning the air.
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๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์‹ ์žฅ์€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™”์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
And, finally, like the heart:
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์‹ฌ์žฅ์€
12:13
pumping water from outside, from the sea,
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์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ์ฆ‰ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ์–ด์™€ ์ˆฒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
into the forest.
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12:20
We call it the biotic moisture pump,
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'์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ํŽŒํ”„' ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
12:23
a new theory that is explained in a very simple way.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
If there is a desert in the continent
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๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ๋‚ด์— ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
12:30
with a nearby sea,
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๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:32
evaporation's greater on the sea,
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์ฆ๋ฐœ์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ๋” ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ 
12:34
and it sucks the air above the desert.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰ ์œ„ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋นจ์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
The desert is trapped in this condition. It will always be dry.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰์€ ๋Š˜ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
If you have the opposite situation, a forest,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ˆฒ์€
12:43
the evaporation, as we showed, is much greater, because of the trees,
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฆ๋ฐœ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ
12:47
and this relation is reversed.
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์ˆœํ™˜๋˜์ฃ .
12:48
The air above the sea is sucked into the continent
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค์œ„์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์œผ๋กœ ๋นจ๋ ค๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ
12:51
and humidity is imported.
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์Šต๊ธฐ๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
This satellite image was taken one month ago โ€”
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์ด ์ธ๊ณต์œ„์„ฑ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ์ „์— ์ฐ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-
12:58
that's Manaus down there, we're down there โ€”
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋‚˜์šฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ €๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-
13:01
and it shows this process.
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
It's not a common little river that flows into a canal.
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์šดํ•˜๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๊ฐ•์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
It's a mighty river that irrigates South America,
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋‚จ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š”
13:10
among other things.
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๋ฌด์‹œ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ ๊ฐ•์ด์ฃ .
13:12
This image shows those paths,
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์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ์ˆ˜๋กœ์™€
13:14
all the hurricanes that have been recorded.
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ธ์„ ๋…นํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
You can see that, in the red square, there hardly are any hurricanes.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์ž ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ธ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
13:22
That is no accident.
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์šฐ์—ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
This pump that sucks the moisture into the continent
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์ˆ˜๋ถ„์„ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์ด ํŽŒํ”„๊ฐ€
13:27
also speeds up the air above the sea,
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์œ„ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ
13:29
and this prevents hurricane formations.
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ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ธ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ๋ง‰์•„์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
To close this part and sum up,
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์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:37
I'd like to talk about something a little different.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
I have several colleagues
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์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
13:42
who worked in the development of these theories.
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์ด ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
They think, and so do I,
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์ €์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
13:48
that we can save planet Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
I'm not talking only about the Amazon.
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์•„๋งˆ์กด๋งŒ ์• ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:53
The Amazon teaches us a lesson
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์€ ์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒŒ
13:55
on how pristine nature works.
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์ž์—ฐ ๋ณธ๋ž˜์˜ ์„ญ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
We didn't understand these processes before
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์•„๋งˆ์กด ์™ธ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
14:02
because the rest of the world is messed up.
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์ „์—๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
We could understand it here, though.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
These colleagues propose that, yes, we can
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ '๋„ค, ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
save other areas,
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14:12
including deserts.
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14:14
If we could establish forests in those other areas,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋„ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด
14:17
we can reverse climate change,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
14:19
including global warming.
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14:22
I have a dear colleague in India,
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์ธ๋„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ธ ์ˆ˜ํ”„๋ผ๋ธŒํ•˜ ์„ธ์ƒจ์˜ ๋ชจํ† ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
whose name is Suprabha Seshan, and she has a motto.
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14:27
Her motto is, "Gardening back the biosphere,"
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'์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ถŒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ'์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
14:31
"Reajardinando a biosfera" in Portuguese.
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ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด๋กœ 'Reajardinando a biosfera'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
She does a wonderful job rebuilding ecosystems.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
14:37
We need to do this.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋™์ฐธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
Having closed this quick introduction,
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๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํžˆ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ด๋“œ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ
14:44
we see the reality that we have out here,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
which is drought, this climate change,
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๊ฐ€๋ญ„, ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ™์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:50
things that we already knew.
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14:52
I'd like to tell you a short story.
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์งง์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ฃ .
14:56
Once, about four years ago,
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์‚ฌ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋น„ ์ฝ”ํŽ˜๋‚˜์™€์˜ ๋‚ญ๋…ํšŒ์— ๊ฐ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
I attended a declamation, of a text by Davi Kopenawa,
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15:04
a wise representative of the Yanomami people,
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๋‹ค๋น„ ์ฝ”ํŽ˜๋‚˜์™€๋Š” ์•ผ๋…ธ๋งˆ๋ฏธ์กฑ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
and it went more or less like this:
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๋Œ€๋žต ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
"Doesn't the white man know
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"๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆฒ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
15:12
that, if he destroys the forest, there will be no more rain?
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๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
15:15
And that, if there's no more rain,
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๋˜ํ•œ, ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:17
there'll be nothing to drink, or to eat?"
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๋”์ด์ƒ ๋งˆ์‹ค๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋จน์„๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?"
15:20
I heard that, and my eyes welled up
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์ด ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ „ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆด๋ป” ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
and I went, "Oh, my!
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์†์œผ๋กœ "์„ธ์ƒ์—!
15:24
I've been studying this for 20 years, with a super computer,
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์ €๋Š” 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ˆ˜ํผ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€
15:28
dozens, thousands of scientists,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋ช…๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด์„œ
15:31
and we are starting to get to this conclusion, which he already knows!"
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์ด์ œ์•ผ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด!" ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
15:34
A critical point is the Yanomami have never deforested.
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์•ผ๋…ธ๋งˆ๋ฏธ์กฑ์€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์ˆฒ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
How could they know the rain would end?
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
15:42
This bugged me and I was befuddled.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋ ธ๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹นํ˜น์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:46
How could he know that?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์„๊นŒ?
15:47
Some months later, I met him at another event and said,
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๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋’ค, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
"Davi, how did you know that if the forest was destroyed, there'd be no more rain?"
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"๋‹ค๋น„, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ˆฒ์ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜๋ฉด ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ์˜ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ž€ ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”?"
15:57
He replied: "The spirit of the forest told us."
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์ฃ . "์ˆฒ์˜ ์ •๋ น์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด."
16:02
For me, this was a game changer,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์˜ ํŒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋†“์•˜์–ด์š”.
16:06
a radical change.
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16:08
I said, "Gosh!
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์ €๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ . "์ด๋Ÿฐ!
16:09
Why am I doing all this science
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ ค๊ณ 
16:14
to get to a conclusion that he already knows?"
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๊ณผํ•™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ง€?"
16:17
Then, something absolutely critical hit me,
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ, ์ •๋ง ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์†์— ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
which is,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€,
16:27
seeing is believing.
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'๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:31
Out of sight, out of mind.
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๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ƒ๊ฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ.
16:35
This is a need the previous speaker pointed out:
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์ „์— ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด
16:39
We need to see things --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
I mean, we, Western society,
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์ฆ‰, ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”, ๋ฌธ๋ช…ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
16:44
which is becoming global, civilized --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„œ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
we need to see.
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16:48
If we don't see, we don't register the information.
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๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
16:51
We live in ignorance.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ฌด์ง€ํ•จ ์†์— ์‚ด๊ณ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
So, I propose the following --
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-
16:54
of course, the astronomer wouldn't like the idea --
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ-
16:57
but let's turn the Hubble telescope upside down.
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ํ—ˆ๋ธ” ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ๋†“์•„๋ณด์ฃ .
17:00
And let's make it look down here,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋จผ ๊ณณ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ 
17:02
rather than to the far reaches of the universe.
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์ด ๊ณณ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
17:04
The universe is wonderful,
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋†€๋ž์ง€๋งŒ
17:06
but we have a practical reality,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ๋ˆˆ ์•ž์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:08
which is we live in an unknown cosmos,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
17:12
and we're ignorant about it.
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์ง€ํ•ด์š”.
17:14
We're trampling on this wonderful cosmos
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์‰ด ๊ณณ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•  ๊ณณ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”
17:17
that shelters us and houses us.
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์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฐŸ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
17:19
Talk to any astrophysicist.
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
17:21
The Earth is a statistical improbability.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
The stability and comfort that we enjoy, despite the droughts of the Negro River,
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๋„ค๊ทธ๋ฃจ ๊ฐ•์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ๊ณผ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•จ,
17:28
and all the heat and cold and typhoons, etc.,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์—ด๊ณผ ๋ƒ‰๊ธฐ, ํƒœํ’ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ
17:31
there is nothing like it in the universe, that we know of.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:34
Then, let's turn Hubble in our direction,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํ—ˆ๋ธ”์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค์„œ
17:36
and let's look at the Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
17:41
Let's start with the Amazon!
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์•„๋งˆ์กด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
17:43
Let's dive,
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์ด์ œ
17:44
let's reach out the reality we live in every day,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
17:49
and look carefully at it, since that's what we need.
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
17:52
Davi Kopenawa doesn't need this.
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๋‹ค๋น„ ์ฝ”ํŽ˜๋‚˜์™€๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:54
He has something already that I think I missed.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋†“์ณ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
17:57
I was educated by television.
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์ €๋Š” ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:58
I think that I missed this,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋†“์นœ ๋“ฏ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
an ancestral record,
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์„ ์กฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก,
18:02
a valuation of what I don't know, what I haven't seen.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์ง€๋„, ๋ณด์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:06
He is not a doubting Thomas.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํšŒ์˜๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
18:08
He believes, with veneration and reverence,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ ์กฐ์™€ ์˜ํ˜ผ์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ ๊ฒƒ์„
18:12
in what his ancestors and the spirits taught him.
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์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์™ธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:15
We can't do it, so let's look into the forest.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆฒ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:18
Even with Hubble up there --
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ํ—ˆ๋ธ”์ด ์ € ์œ„์— ์žˆ์–ด๋„-
18:21
this is a bird's-eye view, right?
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์กฐ๊ฐ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
18:23
Even when this happens,
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์ € ์œ„์— ์žˆ์–ด๋„
18:25
we also see something that we don't know.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
The Spanish called it the green inferno.
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์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ '๋…น์ƒ‰ ์ง€์˜ฅ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:31
If you go out there into the bushes and get lost,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ˆ˜ํ’€ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ธธ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ
18:34
and, let's say, if you head west,
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์„œ์ชฝ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
18:36
it's 900 kilometers to Colombia,
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์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 900ํ‚ค๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์ด๊ณ 
18:38
and another 1,000 to somewhere else.
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๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค 1000ํ‚ค๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€์•ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
So, you can figure out why they called it the green inferno.
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์™œ ๋…น์ƒ‰์ง€์˜ฅ์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ์ด ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
But go and look at what is in there.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ .
18:46
It is a live carpet.
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์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์นดํŽซ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:48
Each color you see is a tree species.
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์ƒ‰์ƒ ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์ข… ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:50
Each tree, each tree top,
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๊ฐ ๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜, ๊ฐ ๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
18:52
has up to 10,000 species of insects in it,
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๊ณค์ถฉ ๋งŒ์—ฌ ์ข…์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
18:56
let alone the millions of species of fungi, bacteria, etc.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ์ข…์˜ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด์™€ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
All invisible.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
19:02
All of it is an even stranger cosmos to us
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ํ—ˆ๋ธ”์ด ๋งค์ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ
19:05
than the galaxies billions of light years away from the Earth,
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต๊ด‘๋…„ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์€ํ•˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋”
19:08
which Hubble brings to our newspapers everyday.
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๋‚ฏ์„  ์šฐ์ฃผ์ธ ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
19:12
I'm going to end my talk here --
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋…€์„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ -
19:14
I have a few seconds left --
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๋ช‡ ์ดˆ ๋‚จ์•˜๋„ค์š”-
19:16
by showing you this wonderful being.
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์ œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:18
When we see the morpho butterfly in the forest,
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์ˆฒ์—์„œ ์ด ๋ชฐํฌ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
19:21
we feel like someone's left open the door to heaven,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›Œ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์–ด๋†“์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
19:24
and this creature escaped from there, because it's so beautiful.
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๋งˆ์นจ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํƒˆ์ถœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:27
However, I cannot finish
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
without showing you a tech side.
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19:32
We are tech-arrogant.
387
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜ค๋งŒํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
We deprive nature of its technology.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋นผ์•—๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋กœ๋ด‡ ์†์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ด๊ณ 
19:39
A robotic hand is technological,
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19:40
mine is biological,
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์ œ ์†์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”์ด์ƒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
19:42
and we don't think about it anymore.
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19:43
Let's then look at the morpho butterfly,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ชฐํฌ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
19:46
an example of an invisible technological competence of life,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์˜ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:51
which is at the very heart of our possibility of surviving on this planet,
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์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ์ƒ์กด์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ๋ฐ
ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
and let's zoom in on it. Again, Hubble is there.
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ํ—ˆ๋ธ”์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๋‚˜๋น„ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
19:58
Let's get into the butterfly's wings.
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20:00
Scholars have tried to explain: Why is it blue?
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์™œ ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:04
Let's zoom in on it.
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ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
20:05
What you see is that the architecture of the invisible humiliates
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๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ์šฐ์Šต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:11
the best architects in the world.
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20:14
All of this on a tiny scale.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒŒ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
20:16
Besides its beauty and functioning, there is another side to it.
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์ด ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์™ธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:19
In nature,
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์ž์—ฐ ์•ˆ์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
all that is organized in extraordinary structures has a function.
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20:26
This function of the morpho butterfly โ€” it is not blue;
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๋ชฐํฌ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€- ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:31
it does not have blue pigments.
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ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์ƒ‰์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
It has photonic crystals on its surface, according to people who studied it,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ ๊ฐœ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ •๊ตํ•œ ๊ด‘๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:36
which are extremely sophisticated crystals.
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20:38
Our technology had nothing like that at the time.
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๋‹น์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:42
Hitachi has now made a monitor
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ํžˆํƒ€์น˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
20:45
that uses this technology,
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20:46
and it is used in optical fibers to transmit --
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๊ด‘์„ฌ์œ ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:48
Janine Benyus, who's been here several times, talks about it: biomimetics.
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์ œ๋‹Œ ๋ฒ ๋‹ˆ์–ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ƒ์ฒด ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ ๊ณตํ•™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:53
My time's up.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹ค ๋๋„ค์š”.
20:54
Then, I'll wrap it up with what is at the base of this capacity,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ,
21:00
of this competence of biodiversity,
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์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ,
21:02
producing all these wonderful services:
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ฆ‰ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
21:05
the living cell.
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์ด๋งŒ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:06
It is a structure with a few microns, which is an internal wonder.
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๋ช‡ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ก  ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:10
There are TED Talks about it. I won't talk much longer,
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์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ TED๊ฐ•์˜๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ์• ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:13
but each person in this room, including myself,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค์€
21:16
has 100 trillion of these micromachines in their body,
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์ฒด๋‚ด์— 100์กฐ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:20
so that we can enjoy well-being.
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21:23
Imagine what is out there in the Amazon forest:
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
21:25
100 trillion. This is greater than the number of stars in the sky.
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100์กฐ. ํ•˜๋Š˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋“ค์˜ ์ˆซ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
And we are not aware of it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
21:31
Thank you so much. (Applause)
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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