The Housing First approach to homelessness | Lloyd Pendleton

88,594 views ใƒป 2017-12-05

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Tae-Hoon Chung ๊ฒ€ํ† : ๋™ํ™˜ ๊น€
00:12
What do you think would happen
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๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋…ธ์ˆ™ํ•œ์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋…„์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
00:15
if you invited an individual who had been living on the street
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์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋„ ์—ผ๋ ค์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด๋ฐ๋‹ค
์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ ์ค‘๋…์ž์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„
00:18
for many years,
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00:19
had mental health issues
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๊ธธ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
๋ฒˆ๋“ฏํ•œ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ
00:22
and was an alcoholic
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00:24
to move directly from the street
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์‚ด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ฉด
00:26
into housing?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:28
We had heard this was being done in New York City,
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"๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์šฐ์„ " ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์—์„œ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์–˜๊ธธ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:31
and it was called the Housing First model.
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์ €ํฐ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์œ ํƒ€์—์„œ๋„ ๋ ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:33
We wondered if it would work in Utah.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:36
So to make that determination, we decided to create a pilot,
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00:39
and Keta was one of the 17 chronically homeless individuals
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์ผ€ํƒ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ƒํ™œ์ด ๋งŒ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
17๋ช…์„ ์„ ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:45
we included in this pilot.
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00:46
She had been on the street for 20-plus years,
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•œ์ง€ 20๋…„์ด ๋„˜์€๋ฐ๋‹ค
์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋„ ์—ผ๋ ค์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด
00:50
had mental health issues
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00:52
and was a severe alcoholic.
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์ค‘์ฆ ์•Œ์ฝœ์ค‘๋…์ž์˜€์ฃ 
00:55
The first night in her apartment,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ์ฒซ๋‚  ๋ฐค
00:57
she put her belongings on the bed
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์†Œ์ง€ํ’ˆ์„ ์นจ๋Œ€์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†“๊ณ ์„ 
00:59
and slept on the floor.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ ์ž๋”๊ตฐ์š”
01:01
The next three nights, she slept out by the dumpster
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌํ˜ ๋ฐค์€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ธ๊ทผ์˜
01:04
near the apartment building.
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์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜๊ฑฐํ•จ ์˜†์—์„œ ์žค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:06
With the aid of her case manager,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋˜ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์•„
01:08
she moved back into her apartment
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์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:10
but continued to sleep on the floor for several nights.
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๋ฉฐ์น ์€ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ ์ž๋”๋ผ๊ตฌ์š”
01:14
It took over two weeks for her to develop enough trust and confidence
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์ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋บ์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ž€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„
์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋งŒ
01:19
that this apartment was hers
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2 ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:22
and would not be taken away from her
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01:24
before she would start sleeping in the bed.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋”๋‹ˆ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ์นจ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ 
01:27
Homelessness is a continuing challenge for many cities
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ „์—ญ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋Š”
01:30
throughout our country.
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์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๊ณจ์น˜๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ค‘์š” ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:32
Our homeless population falls into three major categories:
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01:35
those that are temporarily homeless,
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์•ฝ 75%์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š”
01:37
about 75 percent;
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์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ตฌ์š”
01:39
those that are episodically homeless,
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:41
about 10 percent;
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ํ•œ 10%์ฏค ๋˜์ฃ 
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 15% ์ •๋„๋Š”
01:43
and those that are chronically homeless,
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01:45
about 15 percent.
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ด ๋งŒ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:47
Chronic homelessness is defined as an unaccompanied adult
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๋งŒ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ด๋ž€ ์ผ ๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์„ ํ•˜๋Š”
01:51
who has been continuously homeless for a year or more
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๋™๊ฑฐ์ธ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์„ฑ์ธ์ด๋‚˜
01:54
or more than four times homeless in three years
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ํ˜น์€ ์‚ผ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋„ค ์ฐจ๋ก€ ์ด์ƒ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ด ์ผ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
01:57
that totals 365 days.
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365์ผ์„ ๋„˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์ธ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:00
This small 15 percent of the homeless population
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์ด๋“ค 15%์˜ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ์ง‘๋‹จ์—
02:03
can consume 50 to 60 percent of the homeless resources
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๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋…ธ์ˆ™ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ฐ€์šฉ ์ž์›์˜
50~60%๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:08
available in a community.
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02:10
In addition, they can cost the community
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ด๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š”
02:13
20,000 to 45,000 dollars a year per person
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๋งค๋…„ ์ผ์ธ๋‹น 2๋งŒ์—์„œ 4๋งŒ 5์ฒœ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ
02:17
in emergency services costs,
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์‘๊ธ‰ ๊ตฌํ˜ธ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:20
such as EMT runs,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ์ž˜ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
02:22
emergency room visits, as many of you will be aware,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—” ๊ตฌ๊ธ‰๋Œ€ ์šด์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋น„์šฉ
02:25
addictions, interactions with the police,
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๊ฐ์ข… ์ค‘๋…, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฏผ์› ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—
02:28
jail time.
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๊ต๋„์†Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:30
Simply put, this small population costs a lot.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด ์ด ์ž‘์€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:36
Based on this reality, the US government began an initiative in 2003
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์‹ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 2003๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ตญ์ •๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •
02:40
inviting states and cities and counties
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๊ฐ ์ฃผ์™€ ๋„์‹œ, ์นด์šดํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ์ฒญํ•ด
02:43
to develop a plan to end chronic homelessness
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10๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ๋งŒ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์„ ์—†์• ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
02:46
in a 10-year period.
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๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:48
The state of Utah accepted this invitation,
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์œ ํƒ€์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด ์ดˆ๋Œ€์— ์‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:50
and I was asked to lead this effort.
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์ด ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž„๋ช…๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:54
In 2005, we approved a 10-year plan,
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2005๋…„ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” 10๊ฐœ๋…„ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์Šน์ธํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:57
and 10 years later, in 2015,
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10๋…„ ๋’ค์ธ 2015๋…„
03:00
we reported a reduction in our chronic homeless population
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๋งŒ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ ์ „์—ญ์—์„œ
03:03
of 91 percent statewide.
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91% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:07
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
03:12
That's amazing.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด์ฃ 
03:15
When I began this process, and we began this process,
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฑธ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:19
I realized that I had a limited understanding of homelessness
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์ˆ™๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
ํ•œ์ •๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋ฐ–์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
03:24
and the factors that impacted it,
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03:26
and that I needed a fairly major change in my belief, in my thinking,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹ ๋…๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:30
because I had been raised with the theory of rugged individualism
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ›์€ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฃผ์˜ ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
03:34
and "pull yourself up by the bootstraps."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ์ž ์ค„์„ ์žก๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์™€์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ" ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
03:36
That philosophy came from being raised on our family's cattle ranch
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์ด ์ฒ ํ•™์€ ์œ ํƒ€์˜ ์„œ์ชฝ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ณจ์˜
์ –์†Œ ๋ชฉ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒํ™œํ•œ ์ œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:40
in a small town in the western desert of Utah.
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03:43
On the ranch, you learned that nothing takes priority
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๋ชฉ์žฅ์—์„  ์ –์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
03:46
over caring for the cattle,
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๋” ์šฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:48
something always needs fixing
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋Š˜ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณ ์ณ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:50
and most importantly,
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๋˜ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค
03:52
hard work makes the world right.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ 
03:55
It was through that lens that I would see homeless people.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:58
When I was a teenager, our family would go into Salt Lake City,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ญ๋Œ€์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์ €ํฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ์†”ํŠธ ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:01
and I would see these homeless people -- "hobos" we called them then --
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ธธ ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋ฅผ ๋ดค์ฃ 
์ €ํฐ "ํ˜ธ๋ณด"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:05
sitting around on the street,
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธธ
04:06
and I would think,
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"๋„ˆํฌ ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฆ„๋ฑ…์ด๋“ค, ์ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ข€ ์ฐพ์•„ ์ œ๋ฐœ ์ค„ ์žก๊ณ  ์ข€ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ "
04:07
"You lazy bums, get a job. Pull yourself up by the bootstraps."
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04:13
After high school, I left the ranch,
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๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ๋ชฉ์žฅ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜
04:16
graduated from college,
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๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ 
ํฌ๋“œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:18
went to work for Ford Motor Company for several years,
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04:21
then got a job at the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋ง์ผ ์„ฑ๋„ ์˜ˆ์ˆ˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„๊ต ๊ตํšŒ์—์„œ ์ง์žฅ์„ ์žก๊ณ 
์†”ํŠธ ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„ ์™”์ฃ 
04:25
and moved back to Salt Lake City.
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04:27
During that employment, I had the opportunity to be loaned out
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์œ ํƒ€์ฃผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜
04:30
to the state's largest homeless shelter
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ์‰ผํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ถœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
04:32
to assist them in developing and improving
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ถœ๋‚ฉ์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„
04:34
their financial and management capabilities.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:37
While there, I became aware of a new approach
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ, ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ
์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ค‘๋…์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ• 
04:41
to dealing with homeless individuals
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:44
and drug addicts.
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04:46
It was called the harm reduction model,
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์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ
04:48
and it consisted of passing out clean needles and condoms.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ฝ˜๋”์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:52
And I thought, "Now that is one stupid idea."
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"์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์•ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ „ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ 
04:55
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:56
"That's just going to encourage them to continue that behavior.
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"๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ถ”๊ธธ ๋ฟ์ด์•ผ.
04:59
Just tell them to stop."
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด"
05:03
Several years later, I read some of the early 10-year plans
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜, ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๋Š”
๋งŒ์„ฑ์  ๋…ธ์ˆ™ ๊ทผ์ ˆ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ 10๋…„ ๊ณ„ํš์˜
05:06
to end chronic homelessness
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05:07
promoted by the federal government.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•ด๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:09
As I read through those plans, and I thought,
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๊ทธ๋“ค ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋“  ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
"์นซ! ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด์•ผ
05:13
"Pfft! This is unrealistic.
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05:14
You can't end homelessness.
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์€ ๊ทผ์ ˆ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ฉŒ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์„ ํƒ๊ณผ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„"
05:16
There's too many personal choices and factors beyond our control."
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05:21
My perspective changed, however,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ 2003๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:24
when I attended a conference in 2003,
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์ด๋“ค 10๋…„ ๊ณ„ํš์˜ ์ด๋ฉด์— ์žˆ๋Š”
05:27
where I learned the reason behind the 10-year plan.
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:31
First was this small population of the homeless group
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์ด 15%๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š”
์ž‘์€ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง€์ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ 
05:35
that was 15 percent and were very expensive.
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05:39
That made sense
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์œ ํƒ€๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์—์„œ๋Š”
05:40
for a conservative state like Utah.
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ง์ด ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:43
The second insight was learning about this Housing First,
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜๊ฐ์€ "๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์šฐ์„ " ํ˜น์€ "๋‚ฎ์€ ๋ฒฝ ์ฃผํƒ ์ œ๊ณต"
05:47
or low-barrier housing.
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
There had been an agency in New York City
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๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์ด ์˜จ์ „์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ๊ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์„
05:51
that had been inviting mentally ill homeless individuals
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๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฃผํƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋„๋ก ์ฃผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”
05:54
to move directly from the street into housing.
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์‚ฌ์—…์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:58
And they were also allowed to continue to use drugs and to drink,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์—์„œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด
06:02
just like we can in our homes.
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ๋„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์ˆ ๋„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํ—ˆ์šฉ์ด ๋์–ด์š”
06:04
They were, in addition, offered services -- not required to use them --
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ผญ ์ด์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธด ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊พธ๋ฏธ๊ณ 
06:09
by on-site case managers
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06:10
to assist them to adjust to their new living arrangements
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์‚ถ์ด ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
06:13
and to stabilize their lives.
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ํ˜„์žฅ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž์˜ ๋„์›€๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์ฃ 
06:15
They were using the harm reduction model.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„  ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:19
And despite my initial low expectations about hearing about this model,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
06:24
they were having an astonishing success rate:
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์„ฑ๊ณต์œจ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:26
85 percent were still housed after 12 months.
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12๊ฐœ์›”์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋„๋ก 85%๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”
06:31
The third insight
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์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜๊ฐ์€
06:33
was the importance of developing a trusting relationship.
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์„œ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:37
Because of the abuse these individuals have had
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์‚ด์•„์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒช์€
06:40
throughout most of their lives,
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๊ฐ์ข… ํ•™๋Œ€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:42
they hardly trust anybody,
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:46
and the clean needles and condoms and low-barrier housing
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์ฝ˜๋”, ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋ฒฝ ์ฃผํƒ์€
06:50
was a means to begin to develop a relationship of trust.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์ฃ 
06:55
Vital.
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ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:59
So as I flew home from this conference,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
07:03
sitting in the plane looking out the window,
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ์•‰์•„ ์ฐฝ๋ฐ–์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ
07:06
I realized that my understanding and perspective about homelessness
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์™€ ๊ด€์ ์ด
07:09
was shifting.
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๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์ฃ 
07:12
And as I stared out that window,
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๊ทธ ์ฐฝ๋ฐ–์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
07:13
this very strong feeling and thought came to me
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ƒ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ž๋Š”๋ฐ
07:16
that if there's any state in the union
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์–ด๋Š ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋๊ฑด ์ผ์ƒ์  ๋…ธ์ˆ™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
07:18
that could end chronic homelessness,
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๋๋‚ผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
07:20
it was the state of Utah,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ ํƒ€์ฃผ๋‹ค
07:23
because there's an underlying feeling
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์Œ ์† ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—
07:25
and desire and willingness to collaborate to serve our neighbors,
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์ด์›ƒ์„ ๋•๋Š”๋ฐ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •, ์š•๊ตฌ, ์ ๊ทน์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค,
07:30
including those who are homeless.
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฌ์š”
07:35
A new vision was becoming clear to me how this could be done.
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์ด๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ด ์ง€๋”๊ตฐ์š”
07:41
Now, those of us that attended the conference said,
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๊ทธ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ,
07:43
"Yeah, these models will work in Utah."
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์œ ํƒ€์—์„  ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋ผ" ๋ผ๊ณ  ์™ธ์ณค์ฃ 
07:45
But when we got back home, there were many who said,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋‹ˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
"์•„๋ƒ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„  ์„ฑ๊ณต ๋ชปํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆํ†ตํ•ด."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”
07:48
"Nah, those aren't going to work. They won't succeed here."
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07:51
But there was, however, an affordable housing organization
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก 100์ฑ„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ์ง€์–ด์ฃผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š”
07:54
who was willing to build our first 100 units.
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์ €๋น„์šฉ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:58
But they had concerns about having 100 chronically homeless people
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 100 ๋ช…์ด๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŒ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋ฅผ
08:01
in one location.
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ํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ๋ชฐ์•„๋‘๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋”๊ตฐ์š”
08:03
To address that concern, we decided to create a pilot
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €ํฐ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ 100 ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š” ๋„์ค‘์—
08:08
to test that idea while we built the first 100 units.
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์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์„ ๋„ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:11
We would use existing units scattered throughout Salt Lake City.
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์†”ํŠธ ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ์‹œํ‹ฐ ์ „์—ญ์— ํฉ์–ด์ง„ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ฃผํƒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:16
Then we debated:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ† ๋ก ํ–ˆ์ฃ 
08:17
Should we select fairly high-functioning homeless persons
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
08:21
or the most challenging ones we could find?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ์ผ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
08:24
And this is where my background on the ranch came into play.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒํ™œํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:28
Back then, my mother cooked our meals
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๊ทธ๋• ์ œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜์„  ์žฅ์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์„ํƒ„์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‚œ๋กœ๋กœ
08:31
and heated the water for our weekly bath
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์ €ํฌ ๋ผ๋‹ˆ์™€ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ
08:34
on a wood-burning and coal-burning stove.
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๋ชฉ์š•๋ฌผ ๋ฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์…จ์ฃ 
08:37
And after chopping wood for that stove all those years,
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๊ทธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌํ•ด ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ ๋‚œ๋กœ์— ๋•” ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ฒค ๋‹ค์Œ,
08:40
I'd learned to chop the big end of the log first,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ํž˜์ด ๋„˜์น  ๋• ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ์ œ์ผ ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์ชฝ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
08:43
when I had the most energy.
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ํŒจ์•ผ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”
08:45
We decided to use the "big end of the log first" approach
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์ €ํฐ "ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด ์ œ์ผ ๋‘๊บผ์šด ๋ ์šฐ์„ " ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์จ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:49
and selected 17 of the most challenging,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ์ผ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๊ณ 
ํž˜๋“ค๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋…ธ์ˆ™ํ•œ 17 ๋ช…์„ ์„ ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:53
difficult, chronically homeless people we could find,
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08:56
because we knew we would learn the most from them.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”
09:01
Twenty-two months later,
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22๊ฐœ์›” ํ›„
09:04
all 17 were still housed,
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์ผ€ํƒ€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ทธ 17๋ช… ๋ชจ๋‘
09:09
including Keta,
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜๊ณ 
09:10
who today, 11 years later,
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11๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์ผ€ํƒ€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
09:13
is sleeping in her own bed
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์นจ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ž ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:15
and is sober.
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์ˆ ๋„ ๋Š์—ˆ์ฃ 
09:18
At the end of this pilot, one of the young case managers said,
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์ด ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์„ ๋„ ์‹คํ—˜์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋Š ์ Š์€ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๋Š”
09:21
"We used to debate up at our university classes
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"์ „ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์–ด๋–ค ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ์ง€
09:23
which theory of case management was the most effective.
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์—ด๋ค ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:27
Now our theory of case management is:
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €ํฌ์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ด๋ก ์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:29
anything necessary to keep them housed."
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์ด๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ."
09:33
We became believers,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋๊ตฌ์š”
09:35
and built hundreds of units over those next 10 years,
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๊ทธ ํ›„ 10๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ์ง€์–ด
์ฃผ ์ „์—ญ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋งŒ์„ฑ์  ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
09:39
leading to the reduction of our statewide chronic homeless population
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91%๋‚˜ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:43
of 91 percent.
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09:45
Now, who are homeless people?
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์ด์ œ, ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋ž€ ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:48
Many people just want them to go away, to disappear,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ด๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ง์น˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ 
09:51
not disrupt our lives.
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๋– ๋‚˜๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธธ, ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธธ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
์ด 10๋…„, 11๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋Š” ์–ด์งธ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ์ˆ™์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
09:53
Through this 10-year, 11-year process, I gained many insights
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09:56
of why people become homeless.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”
09:59
One of those insights came to me a few years ago
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง€์›ํŒ€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
10:01
when I was visiting with our medical outreach team.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:04
These are our frontline workers
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์ด๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ตœ์ „์„ ์—์„œ
10:05
that go out and visit the street homeless and the prostitutes
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ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž์™€ ๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„
10:08
to check on their medical health.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค์ง€ ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:12
One of the team members mentioned
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์ด ํŒ€์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฉค๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:14
that eight of the prostitutes had given birth to 31 children
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๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ 8๋ช…์ด ๋‚ณ์€ ์• ๋“ค ์ค‘ 31๋ช…์˜ ์•„์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์–‘์œก๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”
10:18
that had become wards of the state.
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10:20
They also shared that some of the pimps were their husbands,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚จํŽธ์ด ํฌ์ฃผ์˜€๊ณ 
10:23
and worse yet,
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๋” ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฑด
10:24
their parents.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:28
These prostitutes,
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์ด๋“ค ๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์ž‘
10:29
in their late teens, 20s, early 30s,
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10๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜, 20๋Œ€, 30๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ
10:33
were expected to earn enough money a day to support
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๋งค์ผ 100๋ถˆ ์ •๋„ ๋“œ๋Š” ํ—ค๋กœ์ธ ์ค‘๋… ๋น„์šฉ์—
์ƒํ™œ๋น„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:36
a hundred-dollar-a-day heroin addiction,
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ํฌ์ฃผ ์ƒ๋‚ฉ๋น„ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋‹ค
10:38
their living expenses
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10:40
and their pimp.
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ํ˜ผ์ž ๋ฒŒ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”
10:42
And with unprotected sex, they were paid more,
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์ฝ˜๋” ์—†์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์„น์Šค๋Š” ๋ˆ์„ ๋” ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋ฐ
10:45
and predictably, this would lead to a pregnancy.
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์˜ˆ์ƒ์ด ๋˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ž„์‹ ์ด ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ 
10:50
Children born under these circumstances many times end up becoming homeless.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์• ๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:55
And it's not helpful to look at those born under those circumstances,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ณ์€ ์• ๊ฐ€ 7์‚ด์— ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ค‘๋…์— ๋น ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ถ€๋ชจ
11:00
or a parent that makes their child a drug addict at age seven,
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ํ˜น์€ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ค‘๋…๋œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:04
or a generation of babies born through drug addiction,
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11:07
and not feel some despair.
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์ ˆ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋„์›€๋  ๊ฒŒ ์—†์–ด์š”
11:10
For me, I believe every person is of value,
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์ „ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:15
no matter who you are.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๊ฑด ๊ฐ„์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
11:18
And it's not helpful to look at somebody with this start in life
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
11:22
and blame them for where they are.
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์–ด๋””์„œ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์งˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:27
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:33
No one grows up saying, "My goal in life is to become homeless."
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ํฌ๋ฉฐ "๋‚œ ์ปค์„œ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:39
And that's the beauty of the harm reduction and Housing First model.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์šฐ์„  ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ด์ฃ 
11:44
It recognizes the complexities of the different factors
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์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์†Œ์˜
11:48
that can shape a human life.
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๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:50
These models meet people where they are,
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์ด๋“ค ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ,
11:54
not where we are
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ํ˜น์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ณณ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:56
or where we think they should be.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:00
The pilot we did with our 17 taught us many lessons.
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17๋ช…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์„ ๋„ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์ €ํฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:06
When people have been living on the street for many years,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์‚ด๋ฉด
12:09
moving back into housing
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์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ
๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ตํ˜€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:12
requires lots of things to learn.
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12:15
And Donald
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„๋‚ ๋“œ ๋•๋ถ„์—
12:18
taught us some of these transition lessons.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋•Œ ์ตํž ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:21
His case manager asked him why he had not turned up the heat
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งก์•˜๋˜ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์šด๋ฐ
์™œ ํžˆํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ผœ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:24
in his cold apartment.
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12:25
Donald said, "How do you do that?"
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๊ทธ๋žฌ๋”๋‹ˆ ๋„๋‚ ๋“œ๋Š” ๋˜๋ฌป๋”๊ตฐ์š” "๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ฃ ?"๋ผ๊ณ 
12:28
He was shown how to use a thermostat.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํžˆํ„ฐ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:31
The case manager also observed
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๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‚œ๋กœ์—์„œ
12:33
that he was heating the beans in the can on the stove,
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์ฝฉ์„ ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ์งธ ๋ฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
์ˆ˜ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ๋ชจ๋‹ฅ๋ถˆ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
12:37
like he had done over the campfires for many years.
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12:40
He was shown how to use pots and pans.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์ ‘์‹œ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์–ด์š”
12:43
We also learned that he had a sister that he had not seen in 25 years,
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๋˜ 25๋…„์งธ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋ˆ„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋๋Š”๋ฐ
12:47
who thought he was dead.
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์€ ์ค„ ์•Œ๋”๊ตฐ์š”
12:49
She was happy to learn otherwise,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ปํ•˜๋ฉฐ
12:51
and they were soon reconnected.
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๊ณง ์„œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:53
Hundreds of people like Keta and Donald are now housed
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์ผ€ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋„๋‚ ๋“œ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์ด
ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์‚ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”
12:58
and reconnecting with their families.
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13:00
Also, many of our communities are incurring
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์‘๊ธ‰์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ด€๋ จ
13:03
fewer emergency services costs.
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์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:06
I have learned over and over again
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋“ญํ•ด์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด
13:10
that when you listen to somebody's story with an open heart,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ€์Šด์œผ๋กœ
13:14
walk in their shoes with them,
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ฒ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
13:16
you can't help but love and care for them
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด
13:20
and want to serve them.
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๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋ด‰์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:24
This is why I'm committed
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
์ €ํฌ ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
13:27
to continuing to bring hope and support to our homeless citizens,
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ํฌ๋ง๊ณผ ์ง€์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:32
who I consider to be my brothers and sisters.
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13:36
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:37
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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