How a handful of fishing villages sparked a marine conservation revolution | Alasdair Harris

53,194 views

2019-11-11 ・ TED


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How a handful of fishing villages sparked a marine conservation revolution | Alasdair Harris

53,194 views ・ 2019-11-11

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Ahreum Woo κ²€ν† : Young You
00:12
I'm a marine biologist
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μ €λŠ” ν•΄μ–‘ μƒλ¬Όν•™μžλ‘œ
00:14
here to talk to you about the crisis in our oceans,
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λ°”λ‹€μ˜ μœ„κΈ°μ— κ΄€ν•΄ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
but this time perhaps not with a message you've heard before,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ λ“€μœΌμ…¨λ˜ κ²ƒκ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•  κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
00:21
because I want to tell you that if the survival of the oceans
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έμ € μ±…μƒλ¨Έλ¦¬μ—λ§Œ 앉아 μžˆλŠ”
00:25
depended only on people like me,
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μ € 같은 κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ
00:28
scientists trading in publications,
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λ°”λ‹€μ˜ 생쑴 μ—¬λΆ€κ°€ 달렸닀면
00:32
we'd be in even worse trouble than we are.
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” λ”μš± μ‹¬κ°ν•΄μ§€κ±°λ“ μš”.
00:34
Because, as a scientist,
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μ œκ°€ κ³Όν•™μžλ‘œμ„œ 배운
00:36
the most important things that I've learned
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λ°”λ‹€μ˜ 건강과 생산성에 κ΄€ν•œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ΅ν›ˆμ€
00:39
about keeping our oceans healthy and productive
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학문을 ν†΅ν•΄μ„œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:42
have come not from academia, but from fishermen and women
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μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ—μ„œ μ†κΌ½νžˆλŠ” κ°€λ‚œν•œ λ‚˜λΌλ“€μ˜
00:46
living in some of the poorest countries on earth.
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μ–΄λΆ€λ“€μ—κ²Œμ„œ 배운 것이죠.
00:49
I've learned that as a conservationist,
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ν™˜κ²½ λ³΄ν˜Έλ‘ μžμ—κ²Œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 일은
00:51
the most important question is not, "How do we keep people out?"
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 접근을 막을 방법을 λͺ¨μƒ‰ν•˜κΈ°λ³΄λ‹€
00:55
but rather, "How do we make sure that coastal people throughout the world
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μ „ 세계 ν•΄μ•ˆ μ§€λŒ€ μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ μ‹λŸ‰μ„ 곡급할 방법을
01:00
have enough to eat?"
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κ³ λ―Όν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
Our oceans are every bit as critical to our own survival
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λ°”λ‹€λŠ” μΈκ°„μ˜ 생쑴에
01:06
as our atmosphere, our forests or our soils.
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λŒ€κΈ°μ™€ 숲, λ•…λ§ŒνΌ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ‘΄μž¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
Their staggering productivity ranks fisheries with farming
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λ†€λΌμš΄ μƒμ‚°μ„±μœΌλ‘œ 농업과 ν•¨κ»˜
01:13
as a mainstay of food production
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인λ₯˜ μ‹λŸ‰ μƒμ‚°μ˜ 쀑심에
01:15
for humanity.
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μžλ¦¬ν•˜κ³  있죠.
01:17
Yet something's gone badly wrong.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 상황이 μ‹¬κ°ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
We're accelerating into an extinction emergency,
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우린 λ©Έμ’… μœ„κΈ°λ₯Ό ν–₯ν•΄ λŒμ§„ν•˜κ³  있고
01:22
one that my field has so far failed abysmally to tackle.
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제 뢄야에선 이 문제 해결에 처참히 μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆμ£ .
01:28
At its core is a very human and humanitarian crisis.
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κ·Έ 쀑심은 무엇보닀도 인λ₯˜μ˜ μœ„κΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
The most devastating blow we've so far dealt our oceans
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 바닀에 μ•ˆκΈ΄ κ°€μž₯ 큰 일격은
01:36
is through overfishing.
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닀름 μ•„λ‹Œ λ‚¨νšμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
Every year, we fish harder, deeper, further afield.
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맀년 점점 μ€„μ–΄λ“œλŠ” λ¬Όκ³ κΈ°λ₯Ό 작기 μœ„ν•΄
01:41
Every year, we chase ever fewer fish.
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더 악착같이 더 깊고 λ¨Ό λ°”λ‹€λ‘œ λ‚˜κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
Yet the crisis of overfishing is a great paradox:
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ‚¨νš μœ„κΈ°μ—λŠ” 큰 λͺ¨μˆœμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
unnecessary, avoidable and entirely reversible,
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어업은 μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 생산성이 높은 ν™œλ™μ΄κΈ°μ—
01:52
because fisheries are one of the most productive resources on the planet.
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λΆˆν•„μš”ν•œ λ‚¨νšμ€ ν”Όν•  수 있고 되돌릴 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
With the right strategies, we can reverse overfishing.
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μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ κ³„νšλ§Œ μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 상황을 λ°”κΏ€ 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
02:01
That we've not yet done so is, to my mind,
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제 생각엔 μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 게
02:04
one of humanity's greatest failures.
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인λ₯˜μ˜ κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ‹€νŒ¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
Nowhere is this failure more apparent
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이 μ‹€νŒ¨λ₯Ό κ·Ήλͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 곳은
02:10
than in the warm waters on either side of our equator.
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무엇보닀 적도 μ–‘μͺ½μ˜ μ—΄λŒ€ λ°”λ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
Our tropics are home to most of the species in our ocean,
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μ—΄λŒ€ λ°”λ‹€μ—λŠ” ν•΄μ–‘ 생물 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ μ„œμ‹ν•˜λ©°
02:18
most of the people whose existence depends on our seas.
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λ§Žμ€ 이의 생계가 이곳에 달렀 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
We call these coastal fishermen and women "small-scale fishers,"
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우린 이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 'μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ μ–΄λΆ€'라고 λΆ€λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ
02:26
but "small-scale" is a misnomer
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μ΄λŠ” 잘λͺ»λœ ν‘œν˜„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
for a fleet comprising over 90 percent of the world's fishermen and women.
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이듀은 μ „ 세계 μ–΄λΆ€μ˜ 90% 이상을 μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
02:34
Their fishing is generally more selective and sustainable
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이 μ–΄λΆ€λ“€μ˜ 방식은 무차별적 νŒŒκ΄΄ν˜• 쑰업인
02:37
than the indiscriminate destruction
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λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ μ–΄μ„ μ˜ μ–΄νš 방법에 λΉ„ν•˜λ©΄
02:40
too often wrought by bigger industrial boats.
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λŒ€μ²΄λ‘œ 선택적이며 지속 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ°©μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
These coastal people have the most to gain from conservation
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μƒνƒœκ³„ λ³΄μ „μ˜ μ΅œλŒ€ μˆ˜ν˜œμžλŠ” λ°”λ‘œ μ΄λΆ„λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
because, for many of them,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 이듀은 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„
02:48
fishing is all that keeps them from poverty, hunger or forced migration,
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μ •λΆ€κ°€ 도와쀄 수 μ—†λŠ” λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ κ°€λ‚œκ³Ό ν—ˆκΈ°μ™€ μ‹Έμš°λ©°
02:53
in countries where the state is often unable to help.
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터전을 μžƒμ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 어업에 μ˜μ§€ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
02:57
We know that the outlook is grim:
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전망은 밝지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:59
stocks collapsing on the front lines of climate change,
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™” μ•žμ—μ„œ 어쒅은 κΈ‰κ°ν•˜κ³ 
03:03
warming seas, dying reefs, catastrophic storms,
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ν•΄μˆ˜ μ˜¨λ„ μƒμŠΉκ³Ό μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆμ˜ μ†Œμ‹€ 및 λ”μ°ν•œ νƒœν’
03:06
trawlers, factory fleets,
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저인망 μ–΄μ„ , μ‚°μ—…ν˜• μ–΄νš
03:09
rapacious ships from richer countries taking more than their share.
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μƒλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ μ—¬μœ  μžˆλŠ” κ΅­κ°€μ˜ λΆˆν•„μš”ν•œ λ‚¨νšκΉŒμ§€
03:13
Extreme vulnerability is the new normal.
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κ·Ήλ„λ‘œ 취약해진 상황이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ΄ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
I first landed on the island of Madagascar two decades ago,
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μ €λŠ” μ•½ 20λ…„ μ „, ν•΄μ–‘ μžμ—°μ‚¬ 연ꡬ차
03:21
on a mission to document its marine natural history.
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처음으둜 λ§ˆλ‹€κ°€μŠ€μΉ΄λ₯΄λ₯Ό λ°©λ¬Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
I was mesmerized by the coral reefs I explored,
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그곳의 μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆμ— 맀료된 μ €λŠ”
03:28
and certain I knew how to protect them,
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λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ 과학에 λͺ¨λ“  닡이 μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ
03:30
because science provided all the answers:
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μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆλ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•  수 있으리라 λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
close areas of the reef permanently.
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μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆ μ§€λŒ€λ₯Ό 영ꡬ λ΄‰μ‡„ν•˜κ³ 
03:35
Coastal fishers simply needed to fish less.
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어민듀은 μ–΄νšλŸ‰μ„ 쀄이면 λ˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
03:38
I approached elders here in the village of Andavadoaka
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ•ˆλ‹€λ°”λ„μ•„μΉ΄ 지역 μ›λ‘œλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚˜
03:42
and recommended that they close off
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κ°€μž₯ μ’…λ₯˜λ„ 많고 κ±΄κ°•ν•œ μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆ μ§€λŒ€λ₯Ό
03:44
the healthiest and most diverse coral reefs to all forms of fishing
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μ–΄μ’… λ‹€μ–‘μ„± 회볡의 μ•ˆμ‹μ²˜λ‘œ 삼을 수 있게
03:47
to form a refuge to help stocks recover
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λͺ¨λ“  ν˜•νƒœμ˜ μ–΄νšμ„ κΈˆμ§€ν•˜μžκ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
because, as the science tells us, after five or so years,
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κ³Όν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ 이 방법이면
03:55
fish populations inside those refuges would be much bigger,
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μ•½ 5λ…„ μ•ˆμ— λ¬Όκ³ κΈ° 개체 μˆ˜κ°€ λˆˆμ— λ„κ²Œ μ¦κ°€ν•΄μ„œ
03:58
replenishing the fished areas outside,
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μ™ΈλΆ€ μ‘°μ—… μ§€μ—­μ˜ μ–΄νšλŸ‰λ„ λ³΄μΆ©ν•˜κ³ 
04:01
making everybody better off.
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λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ μ΄μ΅μ΄κ±°λ“ μš”.
04:03
That conversation didn't go so well.
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이 λŒ€ν™”λŠ” 성곡적이지 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:07
Three-quarters of Madagascar's 27 million people
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λ§ˆλ‹€κ°€μŠ€μΉ΄λ₯΄ 인ꡬ의 75%인 2천7백만 주민듀은
04:11
live on less than two dollars a day.
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ν•˜λ£¨ μƒν™œλΉ„κ°€ 2λ‹¬λŸ¬λ„ 채 λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
My earnest appeal to fish less took no account
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쑰업을 μ€„μ΄λΌλŠ” 제 μ§„μ§€ν•œ 쑰언은
04:16
of what that might actually mean
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μ–΄μ—…μœΌλ‘œ 생계λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•˜λŠ” μ΄λ“€μ˜ 삢에
04:18
for people who depend on fishing for survival.
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μ–΄λ–€ 영ν–₯을 미칠지 κ³ λ €ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
It was just another squeeze from outside,
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ν•΄κ²°λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” ꡬ속일 뿐인
04:23
a restriction rather than a solution.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ™ΈλΆ€ 압박에 λΆˆκ³Όν–ˆλ˜ κ±°μ£ .
04:26
What does protecting a long list of Latin species names mean to Resaxx,
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μ†μ£Όλ“€μ˜ ν•™λΉ„λ₯Ό λŒ€κ³  맀일의 양식을 κ΅¬ν•˜λ € κ³ κΈ°λ₯Ό μž‘λŠ”
04:30
a woman from Andavadoaka who fishes every day
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λ ˆμ‚­μŠ€λΌλŠ” μ—¬μΈμ—κ²Œ 학계가 μ›ν•˜λŠ” μ–΄μ’… λ³΄ν˜Έκ°€
04:32
to put food on the table
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04:34
and send her grandchildren to school?
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κ³Όμ—° 무슨 μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
04:37
That initial rejection taught me that conservation is, at its core,
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첫 ν˜‘μƒ μ‹œλ„μ˜ 결렬은 제게 이런 κ΅ν›ˆμ„ μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
a journey in listening deeply,
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ν™˜κ²½ λ³΄ν˜Έλž€ μ΄λ“€μ˜ μ˜κ²¬μ„ κ²½μ²­ν•˜λ©°
04:46
to understand the pressures and realities that communities face
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μžμ—°μ— μ˜μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 곡동체가 맞λ‹₯뜨린 μ••λ°•κ³Ό ν˜„μ‹€μ΄ 무엇인지
04:50
through their dependence on nature.
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:52
This idea became the founding principle for my work
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이 생각이 λ‹¨μ΄ˆκ°€ λ˜μ–΄
ν•΄μ•ˆ 지역 어업을 μž¬κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ
04:55
and grew into an organization that brought a new approach
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04:58
to ocean conservation
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ν•΄μ–‘ μƒνƒœκ³„λ₯Ό 보전할
05:00
by working to rebuild fisheries with coastal communities.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 접근법을 μ œμ‹œν•˜λŠ” λ‹¨μ²΄μ˜ μ„€λ¦½μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
Then, as now, the work started by listening,
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 이야기λ₯Ό λ“£λŠ” 것뢀터 λ‹€μ‹œ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ 
05:08
and what we learned astonished us.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ•Œκ²Œ 된 λ‚΄μš©μ€ λ†€λΌμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
Back in the dry south of Madagascar,
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λ§ˆλ‹€κ°€μŠ€μΉ΄λ₯΄ λ‚¨λΆ€μ˜ 건쑰 μ§€λŒ€μ—μ„œλŠ”
05:13
we learned that one species was immensely important for villagers:
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νŠΉμ • μ–΄μ’… ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ 무척 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€λ”κ΅°μš”.
05:16
this remarkable octopus.
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λ°”λ‘œ 이 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ λ¬Έμ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:18
We learned that soaring demand was depleting an economic lifeline.
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이 λ¬Έμ–΄ μˆ˜μš”κ°€ 폭증해 경제적 μˆ¨ν†΅μ„ μ‘°μ˜€λ˜ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
But we also learned that this animal grows astonishingly fast,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ„±μž₯ 속도가 맀우 λΉ λ₯Έ λ™λ¬Όμ΄μ–΄μ„œ
05:27
doubling in weight every one or two months.
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κ³ μž‘ ν•œλ‘ 달 μƒˆ λͺΈλ¬΄κ²Œκ°€ 두 λ°°μ”© λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚œλŒ€μš”.
05:30
We reasoned that protecting just a small area of fishing ground
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‘°μ—… μ§€μ—­μ˜ μ•„μ£Ό μž‘μ€ 뢀뢄을
05:33
for just a few months
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단 λͺ‡ 달이라도 폐쇄해
05:35
might lead to dramatic increases in catches,
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μ–΄νšλŸ‰μ„ 늘렀보자고 이듀을 μ„€λ“ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
enough to make a difference to this community's bottom line
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λ§ˆμ„ 경제 νšŒλ³΅μ„ κΎ€ν•  수 μžˆμ„ μ •λ„λ‘œλ§Œ
05:42
in a time frame that might just be acceptable.
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λ”± κ²¬λ”œ 수 μžˆλŠ” λ™μ•ˆλ§Œμš”.
05:45
The community thought so too,
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주민듀도 이에 λ™μ˜ν–ˆκ³ 
05:47
opting to close a small area of reef to octopus fishing temporarily,
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λ¬Έμ–΄μž‘μ΄ κ΅¬μ—­μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆ μ§€λŒ€ 일뢀λ₯Ό νμ‡„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
using a customary social code,
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전톡적 μ‚¬νšŒμ  κ·œλ²”μ— 따라
05:54
invoking blessings from the ancestors to prevent poaching.
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μ„ μ‘°λ“€μ˜ μΆ•λ³΅μœΌλ‘œ 이곳을 μ§€μΌœμ£ΌκΈΈ κΈ°μ›ν•˜λ©΄μ„œμš”.
05:58
When that reef reopened to fishing six months later,
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6κ°œμ›” ν›„, ν•΄λ‹Ή ꡬ역을 μž¬κ°œλ°©ν–ˆμ„ 땐
06:02
none of us were prepared for what happened next.
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아무도 μ˜ˆμƒμΉ˜ λͺ»ν•œ 상황이 λ²Œμ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
Catches soared,
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μ–΄νšλŸ‰μ΄ κΈ‰μ¦ν–ˆκ³ 
06:07
with men and women landing more and bigger octopus
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주민듀은 λͺ‡ λ…„κ°„ 보지 λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ κ±°λŒ€ν•œ 크기의 λ¬Έμ–΄λ₯Ό
06:11
than anyone had seen for years.
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더 많이 μž‘μ„ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:13
Neighboring villages saw the fishing boom
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이곳의 ν˜Έν™©μ„ 직접 λ³Έ μ£Όλ³€ λ§ˆμ„λ“€λ„
06:15
and drew up their own closures,
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자체 폐쇄λ₯Ό μ‹œν–‰ν–ˆκ³ 
06:17
spreading the model virally along hundreds of miles of coastline.
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이 방법은 μ£Όλ³€ ν•΄μ•ˆ μ§€λŒ€ 수천 ν‚¬λ‘œλ―Έν„°μ— νΌμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:20
When we ran the numbers,
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이후 ν†΅κ³„λ‘œ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λ‹ˆ
06:22
we saw that these communities, among the poorest on earth,
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μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ 곳으둜 μ†κΌ½νžˆλŠ” μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œ
06:25
had found a way to double their money in a matter of months, by fishing less.
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μ–΄νšμ„ μ€„μž„μœΌλ‘œμ¨ λͺ‡ 달 λ§Œμ— 두 배의 μˆ˜μ΅μ„ μ˜¬λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
Imagine a savings account
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맀년 μ ˆλ°˜μ„ μΈμΆœν•˜λŠ”λ°λ„
06:33
from which you withdraw half your balance every year
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μž”μ•‘μ΄ 계속 λΆˆμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 은행 톡μž₯을
06:35
and your savings keep growing.
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μƒμƒν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:37
There is no investment opportunity on earth
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μ–΄μ—…λ§ŒνΌ μ•ˆμ •μ  μˆ˜μ΅μ„ λ‹΄λ³΄ν•˜λŠ” νˆ¬μžλ²•μ€
06:40
that can reliably deliver what fisheries can.
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지ꡬ상 κ·Έ 어디에도 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:44
But the real magic went beyond profit,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§„μ •ν•œ λ§ˆλ²•μ€ 경제적 이읡 μ΄μƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
because a far deeper transformation was happening in these communities.
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이곳에선 더 κΉŠμ€ λ³€ν™”κ°€ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
06:52
Spurred on by rising catches,
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μ–΄νšλŸ‰ 증가에 κ³ λ¬΄λ˜μ–΄
06:54
leaders from Andavadoaka joined force with two dozen neighboring communities
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μ•ˆλ‹€λ°”λ„μ•„μΉ΄ 지역 20μ—¬ 개 λ§ˆμ„ μ§€λ„μžλ“€μ΄ νž˜μ„ λͺ¨μ•„
06:59
to establish a vast conservation area along dozens of miles of coastline.
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ν•΄μ•ˆμ„ μ„ 따라 λ°©λŒ€ν•œ 보호 ꡬ역을 μ§€μ •ν•˜κΈ°μ— 이λ₯Έ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
They outlawed fishing with poison and mosquito nets
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독극물과 λͺ¨κΈ°μž₯을 μ΄μš©ν•œ 쑰업을 κΈˆμ§€ν•˜κ³ 
07:07
and set aside permanent refuges
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μœ„κΈ°μ— μ²˜ν•œ μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆ μ§€λŒ€μ™€
07:09
around threatened coral reefs and mangroves,
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맹그둜브 μ§€λŒ€ μΌλŒ€λ₯Ό 영ꡬ 보쑴 μ§€μ—­μœΌλ‘œ μ„€μ •ν–ˆμ£ .
07:12
including, to my astonishment,
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λ†€λžκ²Œλ„ 이곳은
07:15
those same sights that I'd flagged just two years earlier
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두 ν•΄ μ „ 처참히 κ±°μ ˆλ‹Ήν•œ 제 볡음 μ„€κ΅μ—μ„œ
07:19
when my evangelism for marine protection was so roundly rejected.
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μ ‘κ·Ό κΈˆμ§€λ₯Ό μš”μ²­ν–ˆλ˜ λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έ μ§€μ—­μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:23
They created a community-led protected area,
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뢈과 λͺ‡ λ…„ μ „κΉŒμ§€λ§Œ 해도 상상도 λͺ» ν•œ
07:26
a democratic system for local marine governance
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ν˜„μ§€ ν•΄μ—­ 보호 관리λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 민주적 체계λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ¦½ν•΄
07:29
that was totally unimaginable just a few years earlier.
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지역 곡동체 기반의 보호 ꡬ역이 μƒκ²¨λ‚œ 것이죠.
07:33
And they didn't stop there:
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그리고 κ±°κΈ°μ„œ λ©ˆμΆ”μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
07:35
within five years, they'd secured legal rights from the state
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5년이 채 λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„ μ•½ 517μ œκ³±ν‚¬λ‘œλ―Έν„°μ˜ λ°”λ‹€λ₯Ό
07:38
to manage over 200 square miles of ocean,
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직접 관리할 ꢌ리λ₯Ό μ •λΆ€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° νšλ“ν•΄
07:41
eliminating destructive industrial trawlers from the waters.
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ν•΄μ–‘ μƒνƒœκ³„λ₯Ό νŒŒκ΄΄ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€κΈ°μ—… μ–΄μ„  μΆœμž…μ„ κΈˆμ§€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:47
Ten years on, we're seeing recovery of those critical reefs
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10년이 μ§€λ‚œ ν˜„μž¬ 이 보호 ꡬ역에선 μ£Όμš” μ‚°ν˜Έμ΄ˆ μ§€λŒ€κ°€
07:50
within those refuges.
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λ˜μ‚΄μ•„λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
Communities are petitioning for greater recognition
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지역민듀은 지속성 보쑴의 보상이 될
07:54
of the right to fish
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μ •λ‹Ήν•œ μ–΄νšκΆŒ 인정과
07:56
and fairer prices that reward sustainability.
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κ³΅μ •ν•œ 가격 책정을 μ²­μ›ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:59
But all that is just the beginning of the story,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ‹œμž‘μ— λΆˆκ³Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
because this handful of fishing villages taking action
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λͺ‡ μ•ˆ λ˜λŠ” 이 λ§ˆμ„μ—μ„œ μ΄‰λ°œλœ 행동이
08:06
has sparked a marine conservation revolution
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수천 ν‚¬λ‘œλ―Έν„° 떨어진 곳의 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 이듀을 μžκ·Ήν•΄
08:09
that has spread over thousands of miles,
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ν•΄μ–‘ μƒνƒœκ³„ 보전에
08:12
impacting hundreds of thousands of people.
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혁λͺ…을 λΆˆλŸ¬μ™”κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
Today in Madagascar, hundreds of sites are managed by communities
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ν˜„μž¬ λ§ˆλ‹€κ°€μŠ€μΉ΄λ₯΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 지역민이 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 수백의 보쑴 ꡬ역에
08:18
applying this human rights-based approach to conservation
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λ―Όκ½ƒκ²ŒλΆ€ν„° 고등어에 이λ₯΄κΈ°κΉŒμ§€
08:21
to all kinds of fisheries, from mud crabs to mackerel.
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인도적 μ ‘κ·Όμ˜ 보쑴 방법이 적용되고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:25
The model has crossed borders through East Africa and the Indian Ocean
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이 λͺ¨λΈμ€ 동아프리카λ₯Ό μ§€λ‚˜ 인도양을 거쳐
08:29
and is now island-hopping into Southeast Asia.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ 섬을 μ§€λ‚˜ λ™λ‚¨μ•„μ‹œμ•„κΉŒμ§€ μ „ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
From Tanzania to Timor-Leste, from India to Indonesia,
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νƒ„μžλ‹ˆμ•„μ—μ„œ 동티λͺ¨λ₯΄ μΈλ„μ—μ„œ μΈλ„λ„€μ‹œμ•„κΉŒμ§€
08:37
we're seeing the same story unfold:
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같은 이야기가 λ“€λ €μ˜€κ³  있죠.
08:40
that when we design it right,
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μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ λ°©λ²•μ˜ ν•΄μ–‘ 보쑴은
08:42
marine conservation reaps dividends that go far beyond protecting nature,
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μžμ—° 보호λ₯Ό λ›°μ–΄λ„˜μ–΄ 훨씬 더 λ§Žμ€ μˆ˜ν™•μ„ κ°€μ Έμ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:47
improving catches
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μ–΄νšλŸ‰ μ¦κ°€λŠ” λ¬Όλ‘ 
08:48
and driving waves of social change along entire coastlines,
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ν•΄μ•ˆμ„ μ„ 따라 μ΄μ–΄μ§€λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ  λ³€ν™”μ˜ λ¬Όκ²°
08:52
strengthening confidence, cooperation
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믿음과 ν˜‘λ ₯의 κ°•ν™”λŠ” λ¬Όλ‘ 
08:55
and the resilience of communities to face the injustice of poverty
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지역 곡동체가 빈곀의 뢀당함과 κΈ°ν›„ 변화에 λ§žμ„€ 수 μžˆλŠ”
09:00
and climate change.
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κ°•μΈν•¨κΉŒμ§€ κΈΈλŸ¬μ£Όλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
09:02
I've been privileged to spend my career
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제 일을 톡해 μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ
09:05
catalyzing and connecting these movements throughout the tropics,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ μžκ·Ήν•˜κ³  μ΄μ–΄κ°ˆ 수 μžˆμ–΄ 큰 μ˜κ΄‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
and I've learned that as conservationists,
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μ „ ν™˜κ²½ λ³΄ν˜Έλ‘ μžλ‘œμ„œ
09:12
our goal must be to win at scale,
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속도λ₯Ό λŠ¦μΆ”λŠ” κ²ƒλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
09:15
not just to lose more slowly.
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더 큰 μŠΉλ¦¬κ°€ λͺ©ν‘œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
We need to step up to this global opportunity
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μ–΄μ—… μž¬κ΅¬μ„±μ„ μœ„ν•œ μ „ 세계적 κΈ°νšŒμ—
09:21
to rebuild fisheries:
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‚˜μ„œμ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:23
with field workers to stand with communities
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ν˜„μ§€ 어민듀은 곡동체λ₯Ό μ§€μ§€ν•˜κ³ 
09:26
and connect them, to support them to act and learn from one another;
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μ„œλ‘œ 배움과 행동을 격렀할 μ—°λŒ€κ°μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:30
with governments and lawyers standing with communities
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정뢀와 법쑰계도 지역 곡동체λ₯Ό μ§€μ§€ν•˜κ³ 
09:33
to secure their rights to manage their fisheries;
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μ΄λ“€μ˜ ꢌ리λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•΄ 쑰업을 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜λ©°
09:36
prioritizing local food and job security
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ν•΄μ–‘ κ²½μ œμ—μ„œ μš°μ„ μˆœμœ„λ₯Ό λ‹€νˆ¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  쟁점 쀑
09:40
above all competing interests in the ocean economy;
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지역 νŠΉμ‚°λ¬Ό μ†ŒλΉ„μ™€ 고용 μ•ˆμ •μ„ μ΅œμš°μ„ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚Όμ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:43
ending subsidies for grotesquely overcapitalized industrial fleets
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κ±°λŒ€ 자본으둜 μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” μ‚°μ—…μš© μ–΄μ„  지원을 μ€‘λ‹¨ν•˜κ³ 
09:48
and keeping those industrial and foreign vessels
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κΈ°μ—…ν˜• μ™Έκ΅­ μ–΄μ„ μ˜ 우리 λ°”λ‹€ μΆœμž…μ„
09:51
out of coastal waters.
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λ§‰μ•„μ•Όλ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:53
We need agile data systems
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지역민듀이 과학을 μ΄μš©ν•΄
09:55
that put science in the hands of communities
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λͺ©ν‘œ μ–΄μ’…μ΄λ‚˜ μ„œμ‹μ§€ 보쑴을 μ΅œμ ν™”ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘
09:58
to optimize conservation to the target species or habitat.
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μœ μ—°ν•œ 데이터 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:03
We need development agencies, donors and the conservation establishment
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이 μ‹œκΈ‰ν•œ λͺ©ν‘œμ˜ λΉ λ₯Έ μ‹€ν˜„μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
10:07
to raise their ambition to the scale of investment
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개발 지원 κΈ°κ΄€κ³Ό 후원가 보호 단체가 λ‚˜μ„œμ„œ
10:11
urgently required to deliver this vision.
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투자 μˆ˜μ€€μœΌλ‘œ μ˜μš•μ„ λ†’μ—¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:14
And to get there,
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이 λͺ©ν‘œμ— λ„λ‹¬ν•˜λ €λ©΄
10:16
we all need to reimagine marine conservation
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κΆŒμœ„μ™€ μ†Œμ™Έκ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ
10:19
as a narrative of abundance and empowerment,
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ν’μš”μ™€ 자율의 λ…Όλ¦¬λ‘œμ„œ ν•΄μ–‘ μƒνƒœκ³„ 보전을
10:23
not of austerity and alienation;
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λ‹€μ‹œ 이해해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:25
a movement guided by the people who depend on healthy seas for their survival,
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좔상적인 과학적 κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ κ±΄κ°•ν•œ 바닀에 κΈ°λŒ€λŠ” 이듀이
10:30
not by abstract scientific values.
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μ΄λŒμ–΄μ•Ό ν•  μš΄λ™μœΌλ‘œμš”.
10:34
Of course, fixing overfishing is just one step to fixing our oceans.
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λ¬Όλ‘  λ‚¨νš 문제 해결은 κ³ μž‘ ν•œ κ±ΈμŒμ— λΆˆκ³Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:38
The horrors of warming, acidification and pollution grow each day.
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μ˜¨λ‚œν™”μ™€ μ‚°μ„±ν™” μ˜€μ—Όμ˜ κ³΅ν¬λŠ” 맀일 컀져만 κ°€μ£ .
10:44
But it's a big step.
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ 큰 κ±ΈμŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:46
It's one we can take today,
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μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯ μ‹€μ²œν•  수 있고
10:48
and it's one that will give a much-needed boost
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ν•΄μ–‘ μƒνƒœκ³„μ˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ κΈ΄κΈ‰ 상황을 ν•΄κ²°ν• 
10:51
to those exploring scalable solutions
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ν˜„μ‹€μ  κ°€λŠ₯성을 λͺ¨μƒ‰ν•˜λŠ” μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ
10:53
to other dimensions of our ocean emergency.
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κΌ­ ν•„μš”ν•œ ν•œ 걸음이 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:56
Our success propels theirs.
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우리의 성곡이 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 성곡을 μ΄λ•λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:59
If we throw up our hands in despair,
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희망을 μžƒκ³  포기해 버리면
11:01
it's game over.
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λλ‚˜κ³  λ§™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:03
We solve these challenges by taking them on one by one.
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λ‚œκ΄€μ— λΆ€λ”ͺ히면 ν•˜λ‚˜μ”© ν•΄κ²°ν•΄ λ‚˜κ°€λ©΄ λΌμš”.
11:08
Our overwhelming dependence on our ocean is the solution
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바닀에 μ˜μ§€ν•  μˆ˜λ°–μ— μ—†λŠ” μΈκ°„μ˜ 상황은
11:12
that has been hiding in plain sight,
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였히렀 λ“±μž” 밑에 가렀진 ν•΄κ²°μ±…μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:15
because there's nothing small about small-scale fishers.
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μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ μ–΄λΆ€λŠ” κ²°μ½” μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:19
They're a hundred million strong and provide nutrition to billions.
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μˆ˜μ‹­μ–΅ μΈκ΅¬μ—κ²Œ 양식을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” κ°•ν•œ 집단이죠.
11:23
It's this army of everyday conservationists
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바닀에 λͺ¨λ“  것을 μ˜μ§€ν•˜λŠ”
11:26
who have the most at stake.
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μƒν™œ μ†μ˜ ν™˜κ²½ 보호 κ΅°λŒ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:28
Only they have the knowledge and global reach needed
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μ΄λ“€μ΄μ•Όλ§λ‘œ 바닀와 μΈκ°„μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό μž¬μ •λΉ„ν•  지식과
11:31
to reshape our relationship with our oceans.
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μ „ 세계적 영ν–₯λ ₯을 가진 μ§‘λ‹¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
Helping them achieve this is the most powerful thing we can do
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이듀을 λ•λŠ” μΌμ΄μ•Όλ§λ‘œ λ°”λ‹€λ₯Ό 지킀기 μœ„ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
11:40
to keep our oceans alive.
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κ°€μž₯ 힘 μžˆλŠ” ν–‰μœ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:42
Thank you.
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κ³ λ§™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:44
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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