Why are scientists shooting mushrooms into space? - Shannon Odell

636,846 views ใƒป 2024-07-18

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Minnie Min Hee Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:07
Floating 350 kilometers above the Earth's surface,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ 350km ์ƒ๊ณต,
00:10
astronauts aboard the Soviet space station Mir made a frightening discovery.
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์†Œ๋ จ ์šฐ์ฃผ์ •๊ฑฐ์žฅ ๋ฏธ๋ฅด์— ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Their once clear porthole was clouded with a green and black web-like substance.
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๊นจ๋—ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์„ ์‹ค ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์ด ๋…น์ƒ‰๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ์ค„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ํ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:22
Soon, these growths were found throughout the shuttle,
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์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์™•๋ณต์„  ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
00:25
blanketing air conditioners and corroding control panels,
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์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ๋’ค๋ฎ๊ณ  ์ œ์–ดํŒ์„ ๋ถ€์‹์‹œ์ผœ
00:28
putting both the station's integrity and the astronauts' lives at risk.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ •๊ฑฐ์žฅ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ณผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์œ„ํƒœ๋กœ์›Œ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
The invaders were identified as several species of Earth-derived fungi
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๊ทธ ์นจ์ž…์ž๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ข…์˜ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์ฃ .
00:39
that had, against all odds, survived the journey to space.
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ •์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋”›๊ณ  ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜๊ณ ,
00:43
And once there, they'd adapted to the microgravity
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๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ์ค‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋ฐ€๋„ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ ์‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
and radiation-dense environment.
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00:49
Thankfully, the crew managed to keep these threats at bay,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ ์Šน๋ฌด์›์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ง‰์•„๋ƒˆ๊ณ ,
00:53
and Mir remained in orbit for the next 13 years.
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๋ฏธ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ดํ›„ 13๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ถค๋„์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
During that time, scientists have learned that fungi have the potential
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
์šฐ์ฃผ ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ณฐํŒก์ด์˜ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
not to hinder space travel, but to help it.
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01:05
In fact, these resilient, often overlooked organisms
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ด ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณค ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:09
may be the key to our future on other planets.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
Once outside the Earth's protective magnetic field,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:16
most living things need serious protection
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋Š” DNA๋ฅผ ์†์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”
01:19
to survive the DNA-damaging cosmic radiation in space.
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์šฐ์ฃผ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
But that's not the case for some fungi.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ท ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Many species produce a unique form of melanin,
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๋งŽ์€ ์ข…์ด ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ฉœ๋ผ๋‹Œ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:30
a pigment that safely absorbs high levels of radiation
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๋ฉœ๋ผ๋‹Œ์€ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰์†Œ์ด๋ฉฐ,
01:33
and, in some cases, uses this energy to fuel growth.
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๋•Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์ด‰์ง„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
Even if dangerous levels of radiation make it past this homegrown armor
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์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์ด ์ž์ƒํ•œ ์ด ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™€
01:42
to damage DNA,
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DNA์— ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๋”๋ผ๋„,
01:43
many fungi have robust repair systems that spring into action,
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด
01:47
cutting out and restoring defective sequences.
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๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ผ๊ธฐ์„œ์—ด์„ ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋ณต์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
And radiation isn't the only cosmic element fungi can withstand.
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๊ณฐํŒก์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
Their hardy spores sport thick cell walls
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๊ฐ•์ธํ•œ ํฌ์ž๋Š” ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์„ธํฌ๋ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด
01:58
that allow them to survive extreme temperatures.
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๊ทนํ•œ์˜ ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
So, how might we utilize fungi in space?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:05
Well, a big obstacle to settling on other planets
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ์ •์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์€
02:08
is figuring out how to source the materials
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์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์„œ์‹์ง€ ๊ฑด์„ค์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
needed to build suitable habitats.
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02:14
There are two common solutions.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
First, we could send these supplies up from Earth.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ํ’ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:19
But this is expensiveโ€”
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
it costs roughly $10,000 for each kilogram of weight added to a launch.
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๋ฐœ์‚ฌ ์‹œ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ 1kg ๋‹น ์•ฝ 1๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:26
Alternatively, we could use what's already there.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
Homes could be built from the dust and fragmented rock
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ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋จผ์ง€์™€ ์•”์„ ํŒŒํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์„ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:32
that coat the surface of other planets, which is called regolith.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ '๋ ˆ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์Šค'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
Yet this would require a shipment of large, heavy, energy-intensive machinery
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด๊ฒ๊ณ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋™์›ํ•˜์—ฌ
02:40
to collect, heat, and compact the loose regolith into something usable.
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๋ ˆ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘, ๊ฐ€์—ด, ์••์ถ•ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
That's where fungi come in.
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์ด๋•Œ ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Most fungi have hair-like root structures called mycelia.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ท ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ํ„ธ ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
And as they grow, they easily bind nearby materials,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ท ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:55
whether it be wood chips, sawdust, or regolith.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด ์กฐ๊ฐ, ํ†ฑ๋ฐฅ, ํ‘œํ† , ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ ˆ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—๋„์š”.
02:59
The result is a dense, interconnected web
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ด˜์ด˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ง์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์–ด
03:01
that makes a surprisingly durable building material
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๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ• ์ž์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
that's both thermal and radiation protective.
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์˜จ๋„์™€ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:08
Scientists working with NASA's Innovative Advanced Concepts program
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NASA์˜ ํ˜์‹  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
03:12
have devised plans for using this technology
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
to grow fungal homes on other planets.
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03:18
First, lightweight, flexible bags seeded with dehydrated spores
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๋จผ์ €, ํƒˆ์ˆ˜๋œ ํฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ณ  ์œ ์—ฐํ•œ ๋ด‰์ง€๋ฅผ
03:22
are launched to their new home.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณด๊ธˆ์ž๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
Once they've arrived, accompanying rovers source water for rehydration
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๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋™ํ–‰ํ•œ ๋กœ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€
์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ๋ณด์ถฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
and regolith for binding.
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03:30
Alternatively, the bags could be preseeded with a lightweight binding material,
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ด‰์ง€์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
like dehydrated wood chips.
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ํƒˆ์ˆ˜๋œ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์กฐ๊ฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:37
And there's another essential ingredient to these packages, cyanobacteria,
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์ด ๋ด‰์ง€์—๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ธ ์‹œ์•„๋…ธ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:42
which provide the fungi with nutrients and convert sunlight into oxygen.
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๊ท ๋ฅ˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์–‘๋ถ„์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‡๋น›์„ ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
The mycelia grow to fit the shape of their bags,
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๊ท ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ด‰์ง€์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด
03:49
creating the walls, roof, and even the furniture of these fungal abodes.
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๊ณฐํŒก์ด ์„œ์‹์ง€์˜ ๋ฒฝ, ์ง€๋ถ•, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
Once completed, maintaining these buildings
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ์ผ๋‹จ ์™„์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉด ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋น„๊ต์  ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
would likely be relatively simple,
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04:00
as any cracks could be reseeded and regrown.
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๊ท ์—ด์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž๋ž„ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:04
Scientists could engineer cyanobacteria to alert residents if repair is needed,
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์‹œ์•„๋…ธ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
by glowing when oxygen or pressure levels in the habitat dip.
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๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋ฉด ๋น›์„ ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:13
Of course, there's still a lot of work out there
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ์„œ์‹์ง€ ํŒฉ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ ค๋ฉด ์•„์ง ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
before these lightweight habitat packs are ready for launch.
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04:19
In the meantime, researchers have begun to iron out the details
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์šฐ์„  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ
04:22
by growing these sustainable, carbon-negative fungal habitats
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์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ท ๋ฅ˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:26
right here on Earth.
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04:28
And housing is just one of many possible uses for fungi in space.
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์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์šฉ๋„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
Communities will need to grow their own food,
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋Š” ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:36
yet soil suitable for plants isn't readily available off Earth.
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์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์ž๋ผ๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ† ์–‘์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
Fungi can release a variety of chemical-degrading enzymes
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๊ท ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ถ„ํ•ด ํšจ์†Œ๋Š”
04:44
capable of dissolving carbon-rich asteroids into soil.
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ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:49
And they can also be engineered to mine and extract metals,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธˆ์† ๊ด‘๋ฌผ์„ ์ฑ„๊ตดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด
04:53
like aluminum and iron,
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์•Œ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋Š„์ด๋‚˜ ์ฒ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
04:54
which could allow space colonies to source these valuable ores locally.
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์šฐ์ฃผ ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜„์ง€์—์„œ ์กฐ๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
Fungi have come a long way from their space hazard beginnings
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—” ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์š”์†Œ์˜€๋˜ ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋จผ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด์™”๊ณ 
05:03
and will undoubtedly continue to break the mold.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ณ„์† ๊ทธ ํ‹€์„ ๊นจ๋œจ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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