Speak American English in 30 Minutes: Advanced Pronunciation Lesson

5,653,884 views ใƒป 2021-09-10

Speak English With Vanessa


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Vanessa: Hi, I'm Vanessa from SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.com.
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ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต๏ผš ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.comใฎใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ตใงใ™ใ€‚
00:04
Do you want to speak with an American English accent? Let's talk about it.
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใง่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:15
Have you ever wanted to sound just like Tom Cruise or Ellen DeGeneres or me? Well, the
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ใƒˆใƒ ใƒปใ‚ฏใƒซใƒผใ‚บใ‚„ใ‚จใƒฌใƒณใƒปใƒ‡ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒใƒฌใ‚นใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:22
only thing that I have in common with Tom Cruise and Ellen DeGeneres is that we speak
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ใƒˆใƒ ใƒปใ‚ฏใƒซใƒผใ‚บใจใ‚จใƒฌใƒณใƒปใƒ‡ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒใƒฌใ‚นใจ็งใŒๅ…ฑ้€šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
00:27
with a standard American accent. Today, you're going to learn what makes the standard American
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ใ€ๆจ™ๆบ–็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใง่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ๆจ™ๆบ–็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎ
00:33
accent different from other English accents and how you can start to speak like an American
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒไป–ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆ ใจไฝ•ใŒ้•ใ†ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่ฉฑใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณ
00:39
yourself. To help you never forget what you're going to learn today, I've created a free
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅๅญฆใผใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†
00:43
PDF worksheet with all of the American English pronunciation points, sample sentences, and
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ใซใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ ็™บ้Ÿณใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๅซใ‚€็„กๆ–™ใฎPDFใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹
00:50
you can answer a Vanessa's Challenge question at the end of the worksheets. Click on the
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ใ€ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ตใฎใƒใƒฃใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:55
link in the description to download the free PDF today.
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่ชฌๆ˜Žใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€็„กๆ–™ใฎ PDFใ‚’ไปŠใ™ใใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:59
In today's lesson, you'll see three of my most popular American English videos that
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
01:04
I made many years ago, but they are revived for you today. The first 20 minutes will be
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็งใŒไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸๆœ€ใ‚‚ไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’3ใค่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅพฉๆดปใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ20ๅˆ†้–“
01:09
an American English speaking practice where you can practice pronunciation and speaking
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ใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใง
01:16
out loud, like an American. And the final 10 minutes of this lesson will be some bonus
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ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใจๅคงๅฃฐใง่ฉฑใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ 10ๅˆ†้–“ใฏใ€
01:21
idioms that only Americans use, and you can too. All right, let's get started.
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใ ใ‘ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚นใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:26
Have you ever been watching an American movie and thought, "Oh, it would be great if I could
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎๆ˜ ็”ป ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ€Œใƒˆใƒ ใƒปใ‚ฏใƒซใƒผใ‚บใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใฎใซใ€ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹
01:32
sound like Tom Cruise." Or maybe you've watched one of my videos already and thought, "Mmm,
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ ใ€็งใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎ1ใคใ‚’ใ™ใงใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€
01:38
I would love to sound like Vanessa." Well, today I'm going to give you some tips to help
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ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ตใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ใ€ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใชใŸใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็ง˜่จฃใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™
01:44
you make your pronunciation sound more like an American. And by American, I mean the United
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใจใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅˆ่ก†ๅ›ฝใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
01:52
States of America. There are a couple things that we need to
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆ ใซ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Š
01:56
talk about first though. What in the world is an American accent? Because a lot of people
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏใ„ใฃใŸใ„ไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:02
in the US have different styles of speaking. Here, I'm going to be explaining how to sound
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใŒ้•ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ
02:08
like the most general American accent, which is that of news reporters or Hollywood. When
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ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚„ใƒใƒชใ‚ฆใƒƒใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:15
you think about Tom Cruise, this is the accent that I'm talking about. I'm not talking about
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ใƒˆใƒ ใƒปใ‚ฏใƒซใƒผใ‚บใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
02:20
a New York accent, a Southern accent, a California accent. I'm talking about standard American
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ๅ—้ƒจใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ‚ซใƒชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‹ใ‚ขใฎ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆจ™ๆบ–็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
02:28
English. Of course, if you want to sound more American,
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ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚„ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใฎ่กจ็พใงใฏ
02:32
you need to use American expressions instead of British or Australian expressions. So if
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ใชใใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฎ
02:39
you would like to know some differences between these expressions, make sure you check out
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้•ใ„ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
02:43
the playlist that I'll link here and in the description.
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ใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
02:46
And finally, the best way to improve your pronunciation to sound more American, or if
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใฆ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
02:52
you want to sound more British or Australian, is to shadow. And this means you're imitating
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใ‚„ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ๅฝฑใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎไบบใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ™ในใฆใ‚’ไธ€่จ€ไธ€ๅฅๆจกๅ€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
02:59
word for word everything that that person is saying. You're repeating directly after
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ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ็›ดๅพŒใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:04
the speaker. I have a couple videos where I explain the shadowing technique, so be sure
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใฎใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฟ…ใš
03:10
to click there or in the description to check out those videos.
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ใใ“ใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:13
But it's also great to be able to break down the sounds of a language. And that's what
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่จ€่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅˆ†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œ
03:18
I'm going to do today is talk about four important concepts that you need to include in your
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ใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใซๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹4ใคใฎ้‡่ฆใชๆฆ‚ๅฟตใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™
03:24
speaking if you want to sound more American. Are you ready? The first way that you can
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ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–นๆณ•
03:29
sound more American is to change your T sounds to D sounds when they're between two vowels.
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ใฏใ€2ใคใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใซT้Ÿณใ‚’D้Ÿณใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
03:38
Let's listen to a sentence that uses a lot of these.
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ใ‚’ๅคš็”จใ—ใŸๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
03:41
Dan: In New York City, he wore an exciting sweater
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ใƒ€ใƒณ ๏ผšใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏๅธ‚ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆบ€่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใชใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’็€
03:44
because that always made him satisfied. In New York City, he wore an exciting sweater
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ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏๅธ‚ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆบ€่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใชใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’็€
03:49
because that always made him satisfied. Vanessa:
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ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต๏ผš
03:53
City. Exciting. Sweater. Here, we have a T between two vowel sounds like I mentioned,
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ๅธ‚ใ€‚ ใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ€‚ ใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ ๅ‰่ฟฐใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ2ใคใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซTใŒ
04:01
and it's changing to a D. It's not a t- sound. It is d-. This also happens between words.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€Dใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏT้Ÿณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ d-ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜่ชž้–“ใงใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:10
So you heard "that always, that always." This isn't always done, but it's often done when
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅธธใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒใ™ใฐใ‚„ใ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Š
04:19
native speakers are talking quickly. We link together words by making the final T change
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎTใ‚’Dใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™
04:25
into a D. That always. Oh, so this can be used in a lot of different
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ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
04:30
situations. A couple years ago, I had a British friend who I always teased because whenever
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ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅนดๅ‰ใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใฎ ๅ‹ไบบใŒใ„
04:37
I asked him to speak in an American accent, the only thing he would say is "water bottle,
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใง่ฉฑใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใ ใจใใ€ ๅฝผใŒ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏใ€Œๆฐด็ญ’ใ€ๆฐด็ญ’ใ€ๆฐด็ญ’ใ€ใ ใ‘ใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:43
water bottle, water bottle," again, and again and again. And it was so funny because it
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œ
04:49
really is the perfect example of an American accent. It uses the T changing to a D. Water
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ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎๅฎŒ็’งใชไพ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚้ข็™ฝใ‹ใฃใŸ ใงใ™ใ€‚ Tใ‚’D.ใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ
04:55
bottle, and it also uses one more concept that we're going to talk about a little bit
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ใƒœใƒˆใƒซใซๅค‰ๆ›ด ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
05:00
later in this video. So now I want to give you a chance to practice
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ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅพŒๅŠใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฎๆฆ‚ๅฟตใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไปŠใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
05:04
this pronunciation, T changing to a D. We're going to listen to that clip one more time
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ใ€TใฏDใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏใใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใฎ ใใฎใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่žใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™
05:10
of that sample sentence. And then there's going to be a pause. I want you to read that
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎ
05:15
sentence and try to imitate, try to shadow that pronunciation. Are you ready to use your
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ๆ–‡ใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใง็œŸไผผใ—ใฆใ€ ใใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’้š ใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ่ฉฑใ™็ญ‹่‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™
05:21
speaking muscles? Let's do it. Dan:
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณ
05:24
In New York City, he wore an exciting sweater because that always made him satisfied.
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๏ผšใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏๅธ‚ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆบ€่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใชใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’็€ ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:32
(silence) Vanessa:
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๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™๏ผ‰ ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต
05:36
The second way to sound more American when you speak is to use the colored R. What in
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๏ผš่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹2็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใฏใ€่‰ฒไป˜ใใฎRใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹
05:42
the world is that? Well, it's in the middle of the word. When there is an R plus a consonant,
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏไธ–็•Œใงไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Rใจ
05:49
a consonant is any letter that's not A E I O U. So it might be R S, R D. Any word that
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ๅญ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅญ้ŸณใฏA E I O Uใงใฏใชใ„ไปปๆ„ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ ใ€‚ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€R Sใ€RDใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
05:59
has an R plus a consonant. It's going to sound like, er, er. Let's listen to a sample sentence
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ใ€‚Rใจๅญ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€ใˆใƒผใ€ใˆใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅคš็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
06:07
that uses this a lot. Dan:
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ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณ
06:09
The first word that you learned is the one you heard the most. The first word that you
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๏ผšใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซๅญฆใ‚“ใ ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚่žใ„ใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ
06:15
learned is the one you heard the most. Vanessa:
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ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚่žใ„ใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต๏ผš
06:18
Did you notice something in this sentence? There are a lot of different vowel sounds
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใงไฝ•ใ‹ๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
06:23
that change to sound like one sound, er. In the word "first," there is an I. In the word
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1ใคใฎ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆœ€ๅˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซใฏIใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:32
"word," there is an O. In the word "heard" and "learned" there's E A, but they all sound
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ใ€Œ่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซใฏOใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ่žใ„ใŸใ€ ใจใ€Œๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซ
06:40
like er, er. This is the colored R, and it's really typical in American English. Er. Heard.
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ใฏEAใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆerใ€erใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฒไป˜ใใฎRใงใ€ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใƒผใจ ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ€‚
06:49
Let's listen to that clip again. And the same as before, I want you to try to imitate and
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ใใฎใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ดใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใจๅŒใ˜ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ๆจกๅ€ฃใ—ใฆใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
06:54
shadow that pronunciation style. Test your pronunciation muscles. Try to sound like an
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ใ€‚ ็™บ้Ÿณ็ญ‹ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ€’ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Šฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—
07:00
angry dog. First, word, learned. It sounds a little crazy when you're practicing. But
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใšใ€่จ€่‘‰ใ€ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
07:08
of course, when you're speaking with other people, you can tone it down, but it's good
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใจใใฏใƒˆใƒผใƒณใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ
07:12
to exaggerate when you're practicing pronunciation because you're getting your muscles prepared.
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใฏใ€็ญ‹่‚‰ใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง่ช‡ๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:18
And then when they're already ready to use those sounds, it will feel more natural. Your
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใŸใ‚‰ ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
07:23
muscles will know where to go, and then you can kind of tone it down and not sound so
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็ญ‹่‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใในใใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒˆใƒผใƒณใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€
07:29
crazy when you're speaking with other people. So when you're practicing, don't worry about
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใฎไบบใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใใ‚Œใปใฉ็‹‚ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€่ช‡ๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
07:34
exaggerating. The first word that I learned. Take it easy, try it yourself. And let's listen
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ใ€‚ ็งใŒๅญฆใ‚“ใ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚ ๆฐ—ๆฅฝใซใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€่žใ„
07:43
and pause. And it's your turn to speak. Dan:
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ใฆไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€่ฉฑใ™็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณ
07:45
The first word that you learned is the one you heard the most.
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๏ผšใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซๅญฆใ‚“ใ ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚่žใ„ใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:51
(silence) Vanessa:
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๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™๏ผ‰ ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต๏ผš
07:56
My next tip for sounding American is to include an E-R at the end of your words. Er. This
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ็งใฎๆฌกใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใฏ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซE-Rใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใƒผใจ ใ“ใ‚Œ
08:03
is really typical in American English. So before I explain it any further, let's listen
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ใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ…ธๅž‹็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
08:08
to a sentence that includes this a couple times.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ•ฐ ๅ›ž่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:10
Dan: In the letter he wrote, remember to water
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ใƒ€ใƒณ ๏ผšๅฝผใŒๆ›ธใ„ใŸๆ‰‹็ด™ใฎไธญใงใ€่Šฑใซๆฐดใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
08:13
the flowers. In the letter he wrote, remember to water the flowers.
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใŒๆ›ธใ„ใŸๆ‰‹็ด™ใฎ ไธญใงใ€่Šฑใซๆฐดใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:18
Vanessa: When my British friend was saying "water bottle,"
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ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต ๏ผš็งใฎใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒใ€Œใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใใ€
08:22
this was the second American sound that he was using. The E-R at the end of the word,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ2็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎ้Ÿณ ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹E-Rใ€
08:28
er. Water. Don't forget to water the flowers. Remember to water the flowers. And this is
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ใˆใƒผใ€‚ ๆฐดใ€‚ ่Šฑใซๆฐดใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่Šฑใซๆฐดใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
08:39
going to really test your R pronunciation. We used it in the previous tip and now we're
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎRใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ไปŠใฏใพใŸ
08:44
using it, er, again. You really need to make sure your R's are strong and powerful. Remember
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎRใŒๅผทใใฆๅผทๅŠ›ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:53
to water the flowers. All right, let's listen to that clip one more time. And then we're
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่Šฑใซๆฐดใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใใฎใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’่ดใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰
08:59
going to pause and I want you to say it out loud.
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ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅคงๅฃฐใง่จ€ใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚
09:03
Dan: In the letter he wrote, remember to water
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ใƒ€ใƒณ ๏ผšๅฝผใŒๆ›ธใ„ใŸๆ‰‹็ด™ใฎไธญใงใ€่Šฑใซๆฐดใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
09:05
the flowers. (silence)
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ใ€‚ ๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™๏ผ‰
09:09
Vanessa: My fourth and final tip is a specific contrast
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ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต๏ผš ็งใฎ4็•ช็›ฎใงๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใฏใ€
09:15
with British English. It is the ending A-R-Y. Again, we're talking about R, because R is
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใจใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใชๅฏพๆฏ”ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐA-R-Yใงใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€Rใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€Rใฏ
09:22
essential in English and it's essential in a lot of different languages. I think oftentimes
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏไธๅฏๆฌ ใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ๅคšใใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่จ€่ชžใงไธๅฏๆฌ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:27
the R is the most challenging sound in other languages because it's so integral. Well,
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Rใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไป–ใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใฏRใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆ
09:34
in this case, A-R-Y at the end of words is going to indicate that in American English
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ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹A-R-Yใฏใ€ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชž
09:41
we're going to pronounce the full word library, secretary, military. Do you hear that ending?
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ใงๅฎŒๅ…จใชๅ˜่ชžใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒฉใƒชใ€็ง˜ๆ›ธใ€่ป้šŠใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎ็ตๆœซใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:52
Ary, ary, ary. Library. Whew! We're going to say the full word. Let's listen to a quick
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ใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใ€ใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใ€ใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใ€‚ ใจใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใตใ…๏ผ ็งใŸใกใฏ ๅฎŒๅ…จใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
10:00
sentence that uses a couple of these examples. Dan:
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณ
10:03
At the library, the secretary read a book about the military. At the library, the secretary
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๏ผšๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใงใ€็ง˜ๆ›ธใฏ่ปใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใงใ€็ง˜ๆ›ธ
10:09
read a book about the military. Vanessa:
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ใฏ่ปใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต
10:12
In American English, you're going to pronounce each of the final letters, A-R-Y. Military.
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๏ผšใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใง ใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—A-R-Yใ‚’ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ป้šŠใ€‚
10:19
In British English, they often cut out the A, so instead of military, it would be military.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ Aใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€่ป้šŠใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่ป้šŠใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:26
Military. That A is just gone. But in American English, each of those letters are pronounced.
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่ป้šŠใ€‚ ใใฎAใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใชใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฏใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
10:33
Military. Ary. So let's listen to this clip one more time. And then I want to pause and
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่ป้šŠใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ดใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—
10:40
let you have a chance to repeat the sentence yourself.
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ใฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใงๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ๆฉŸไผšใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:43
Dan: At the library, the secretary read a book
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ใƒ€ใƒณ ๏ผšๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใงใ€็ง˜ๆ›ธใฏ่ปใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸ
10:46
about the military. (silence)
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ใ€‚ ๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™๏ผ‰
10:51
Vanessa: So how did you do with these American English
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ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ต๏ผš ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณๆ–‡ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‰ฑใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
10:56
pronunciation sentences? Did you challenge your pronunciation? Do you think that you
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ็™บ้ŸณใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
11:00
can sound more American after watching this video? I hope that these tips are useful to
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸๅพŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใŒใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฆ
11:06
you, and let me know in the comments below. Are there any other words that you can use
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ใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:10
to sound more American using these four tips? Let me know, and I hope that you enjoyed this
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ4ใคใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
11:16
lesson. I'll see you the next time. Have you ever wondered, is the American accent
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ใ€‚ ๆฌกๅ›žใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้•ใ†ใฎใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‹ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
11:20
really different from the British accent? The answer is oh, yes, definitely. Last year
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๅนดใ€
11:28
I made this video that has now over a million and a half views. It's called Four Secrets
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็งใฏใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€็พๅœจใฏ100ไธ‡ๅ›žไปฅไธŠ ๅ†็”Ÿใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎ4ใคใฎ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„
11:34
to the American English Accent. And in this video, we talked about the four essential
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ“ใฎ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎ4ใคใฎ้‡่ฆใช่ฆ็ด ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
11:39
elements of the American English accent. But today I think it's time to go beyond those
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŸบๆœฌใ‚’่ถ…ใˆใฆ
11:44
basics and dig a little deeper. Are you ready? We're going to be practicing
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ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆทฑใๆŽ˜ใ‚Šไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
11:48
four more secrets to the American English accent, and after each section, I want you
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ4ใค็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ„ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๅพŒใงใ€็งใฎๅฃฐใง
11:54
to try to imitate and shadow exactly with my voice. That means that you need to practice,
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ๆญฃ็ขบใซๆจกๅ€ฃใ—ใฆๅฝฑใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€
12:00
and it's a great way to improve your pronunciation. Let's get started.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:04
The first secret to an American English accent is the stopped T. Hmm. This is super common.
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ็ง˜ๅฏ† ใฏใ€ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸT.ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:12
It's when there is a T at the end of a word, but we don't exactly say it. Let me give you
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซTใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๆญฃ็ขบใซใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:17
a quick example. How about the word "right?" Did you hear "righ-t?" Nope. Instead, when
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็ฐกๅ˜ใชไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œrigh-tใ€ใจ่žใใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€
12:26
I said that final T my tongue was stopped at the top of my mouth. That's why we call
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็งใŒๆœ€ๅพŒใฎTใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใ€็งใฎ่ˆŒใฏ ็งใฎๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจใงๆญขใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏ
12:31
it a stopped T. Right. Right. Let's look at a sample sentence.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚นใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใƒˆTใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณใ€‚ ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:36
I thought he wouldn't appreciate the plant. There's a lot of words here that end in T,
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็งใฏๅฝผใŒใใฎๆค็‰ฉใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใ€Tใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏTใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
12:46
or have a T close to the end. Listen carefully again. Do you hear any of those T's?
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ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๆณจๆ„ๆทฑใ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎTใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’่žใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:53
I thought he wouldn't appreciate the plant. For each of those T's, my tongue is stopped
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็งใฏๅฝผใŒใใฎๆค็‰ฉใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎTใฎใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ€็งใฎ่ˆŒใฏ
13:06
at the top of my mouth. Let's look at another sample sentence.
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็งใฎๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจใงๆญขใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
13:09
I bought some meat and took it outside. Almost each of these words that end in T have
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่‚‰ใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆๅค–ใซๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ Tใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏใ€
13:20
a stopped T. Let's listen one more time. I bought some meat and took it outside.
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TใŒๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ่‚‰ใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆๅค–ใซๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:31
The word "outside" has a T in the middle, but because this word is kind of two words
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ใ€Œoutsideใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏไธญๅคฎใซTใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏoutใจsideใฎ2ใคใฎๅ˜่ชž
13:36
put together, out and side, we're going to have a stopped T here in the middle. This
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ใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงTใ‚’ๅœๆญขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
13:40
is a little bit of an exception. All right, let's go back to that original sentence, and
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ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ…ƒใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใซๆˆปใ‚Š
13:45
I want you to try to say it out loud with me. Now that you've heard a lot of different
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ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅคงๅฃฐใง่จ€ใฃใฆใฟใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชไพ‹ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€
13:49
examples, I want you to speak out loud, use those pronunciation muscles and speak. Are
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ๅคงๅฃฐใง่ฉฑใ—ใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฎ็ญ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
13:54
you ready? I thought he wouldn't appreciate the plant.
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็งใฏๅฝผใŒใใฎๆค็‰ฉใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ€‚
14:02
I thought. Is your tongue stopped at the top of your mouth? I hope so.
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ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆŒใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจใงๆญขใพใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
14:06
I thought he wouldn't appreciate the plant. You know what I'm going to do? I'm going to
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็งใฏๅฝผใŒใใฎๆค็‰ฉใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
14:14
pause and I want you to say the sentence all by yourself. No matter where you are, I'll
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ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใพใ™ใฎใงใ€ไธ€ไบบใงๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€็ง
14:19
be listening. So make sure you speak out loud. Go ahead.
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ใฏ่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฟ…ใšๅคงๅฃฐใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
14:26
(silence) Great work.
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๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™ ๏ผ‰ใŠ็–ฒใ‚Œๆง˜ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:28
All right. Let's go on to the second secret of having an American English accent. Number
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใฎ2็•ช็›ฎใฎ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:32
two is the glottal T. Oh, we're talking about the letter T again. I've gotten a lot of comments
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2็•ช็›ฎใฏๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้ŸณTใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ๅ†ใณๆ–‡ๅญ—Tใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
14:41
about how to pronounce the word "sentence." Sentence, or sentence? Ooh, I say "sentence."
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ใ€Œๆ–‡ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆ–‡ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆ–‡๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ€Œๆ–‡ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:52
And I've gotten so many comments of people saying, "Vanessa, why do you pronounce it
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ€Œใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ตใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใใ‚“ใช็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ
14:55
like that? How did you say that?" Well, this is a lovely concept called the glottal T.
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๏ผŸใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไบบใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅฃฐ้–€Tใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹็ด ๆ•ตใชๆฆ‚ๅฟตใงใ™ใ€‚
15:01
Glottal, glottis, is kind of a scientific term for something in your throat. I don't
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ๅฃฐ้–€ใ€ๅฃฐ้–€ ใฏใ€ๅ–‰ใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กจใ™ไธ€็จฎใฎ็ง‘ๅญฆ็”จ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
15:07
think I can scientifically explain it, but listen to these words and see if you can hear
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็ง‘ๅญฆ็š„ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใ‚‹ใจใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใ„
15:12
my throat stopping the T in the middle of the word. Listen carefully.
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ใฆใ€่จ€่‘‰ใฎ้€”ไธญใงๅ–‰ใŒTใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ๆณจๆ„ๆทฑใ่€ณใ‚’ๅ‚พใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€‚
15:17
The winner of the international Winter Olympics has gotten an important award on the internet.
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ๅ›ฝ้š›ๅ†ฌๅญฃใ‚ชใƒชใƒณใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅ„ชๅ‹่€… ใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใง้‡่ฆใช่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:30
There's a lot of T's in the middle of words. Let's break down the sentence a little bit.
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่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎTใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅˆ†่งฃใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
15:36
There are two different ways to have the glottal T. The first one is with an N-T. So for example,
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ๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใซใฏ2ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฏN-Tใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
15:42
the words "international," "winter," "internet," "sentence." In these words, the T is just
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ใ€Œๅ›ฝ้š›็š„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ†ฌใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๆ–‡ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Tใฏ
15:51
gone. So here we have an N-T, usually plus a vowel. And you're going to say "sentence."
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ใชใใชใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏN-TใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้€šๅธธ ใฏๆฏ้ŸณใŒ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œๆ–‡ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
15:58
You can say sentence with a T. It's fine, but you're going to hear native speakers,
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Tใงๆ–‡ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎๅฃฐ
16:03
when we're speaking quickly, you're going to hear us completely cut out that T. Sentence.
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ใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใŒใ™ใฐใ‚„ใ่ฉฑใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใฎT.ๆ–‡ใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
16:08
Winter. International. Internet. The other way to use the glottal T is with
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ๅ†ฌใ€‚ ๅ›ฝ้š›็š„ใ€‚ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ€‚ ๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•
16:14
words that have a T in the middle, not necessarily an N-T, but have a t in the middle. Sometimes
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ใฏใ€ไธญๅคฎใซTใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚N-Tใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไธญๅคฎใซtใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:20
the double T, sometimes it's not. For example the words, "button," "gotten," "eaten," "important."
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ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซTใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€ใ€Œใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅพ—ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้ฃŸในใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้‡่ฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚ ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ้€”ไธญใง
16:31
Do you notice that my throat is stopping that T sound in the middle of the word? Listen
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ๅ–‰ใŒT้Ÿณใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
16:36
again, "button," "eaten," "gotten," "important." Here, my throat is doing some important work
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ใ€Œใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้ฃŸในใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅพ—ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้‡่ฆใ€ใจใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็งใฎๅ–‰ใฏ
16:48
here to make that glottal T sound exactly the way it should.
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ใ€ๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้Ÿณใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้‡่ฆใชไฝœๆฅญใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:53
Before we practice that sample sentence, sentence again, I want to share what I found when I
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ใใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€
16:58
was doing a little bit of research about where this glottal T came from. I found on Wikipedia
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ใ“ใฎๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้ŸณใฎTใŒใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใŸใฎใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฟในใฆใ„ใŸใจใใซ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใ‚ญใƒšใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ข
17:03
that it was first mentioned in Scotland in the 1800's and a dialect worker who was doing
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ใงใ€1800ๅนดไปฃใซใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใงๆœ€ๅˆใซ่จ€ๅŠใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–น่จ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฟๆŸป ใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸๆ–น่จ€ๅŠดๅƒ่€…
17:10
some research about different dialects said, "It's considered a lazy habit and may have
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ใฏใ€ ใ€Œๆ€ ๆƒฐใช็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใ€
17:15
been in the dialect for hundreds of years." So it's possible that Americans got this glottal
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ไฝ•็™พๅนดใ‚‚ๆ–น่จ€ใซๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใŒใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใฎๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้Ÿณ
17:22
T from Scotland, possibly. I don't know, but in any case, it is kind of considered a lazy
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Tใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ—ใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ใ„ใšใ‚Œใซใ›ใ‚ˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ€ ๆƒฐใช็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆ
17:28
habit, but Americans have picked up a lot of that in our natural way of speaking.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฏ ็งใŸใกใฎ่‡ช็„ถใช่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:33
Okay, let's go back to that sample sentence. And I'm going to say it a couple times. Please
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•ฐๅ›ž่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
17:37
say it with me because I'm going to pause and you're going to have to say it all by
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็งใŒไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญข ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆ
17:40
yourself. So let's practice together. The winner of the international Winter Olympics
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไธ€็ท’ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ›ฝ้š›ๅ†ฌๅญฃใ‚ชใƒชใƒณใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅ„ชๅ‹่€…
17:47
has gotten an important award on the internet. Let's say it one more time.
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ใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใง้‡่ฆใช่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
17:55
The winner of the international Winter Olympics has gotten an important award on the internet.
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ๅ›ฝ้š›ๅ†ฌๅญฃใ‚ชใƒชใƒณใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅ„ชๅ‹่€… ใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใง้‡่ฆใช่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:04
Okay. I'm going to pause and I want you to try to say this glottal T all by yourself.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใพใ™ ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้Ÿณใ‚’ไธ€ไบบใง่จ€ใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
18:09
Go ahead. (silence)
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ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚ ๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™
18:16
Great work. All right. Let's go on to the third secret of having an American English
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๏ผ‰ใŠ็–ฒใ‚Œๆง˜ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใฎ3็•ช็›ฎใฎ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
18:19
accent. Number three, contractions with "will." There are two ways to pronounce contractions
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ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไธ‰ใซใ€ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹็ธฎ็ด„ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใง ็ธฎ็ด„ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ2ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
18:26
with "will." There is a clear way, and then there's a relaxed way. Let's look at a quick
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ใ€‚ ๆ˜Ž็ขบใชๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใชไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
18:31
example. Let's take the words "you will." If we want to make a contraction with this,
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใง็ธฎ็ด„ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
18:37
we could say Y-O-U apostrophe L-L. How can we pronounce this? Well, you could say it
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Y-O-Uใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃL-Lใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ† ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใพใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
18:44
in a clear way. You'll. Do you hear the full word? You, you'll. Yeah, yeah. I'm saying
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใ ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚ ็งใฏ
18:53
you and then, l-. Just the L-L at the end. But what if we want to say this in a relaxed,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€l-ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซL-Lใ ใ‘ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ€ ๆƒฐใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใฉใ†
19:00
maybe lazy way? Well, instead you can say you'll, you'll. You're only saying kind of
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ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ† ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:07
like, Y-U-L-L. You'll, you'll. Let's look at another example. This is kind
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Y-U-L-Lใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎ
19:12
of a crazy sentence, but it uses this concept a lot. First, I'm going to say in the clear
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ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๆฆ‚ๅฟต ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซ่จ€ใ„
19:17
way, and then we're going to say it in the relaxed way.
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ใ€ๆฌกใซใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆ่จ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:21
He'll go if you'll go and they'll go if we'll go.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
19:28
In each of these contractions, you heard that full pronoun. He, you, they, we. But let's
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŽ็ธฎใฎใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎๅฎŒๅ…จใชไปฃๅ่ฉžใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
19:37
look at it when it's relaxed and this is going to help you sound a little bit more natural,
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ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
19:41
like in American English speaker. He'll go if you'll go and they'll go if we'll
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ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
19:45
go. In all of these, there's an l- sound. He'll
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่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใซใ€l-ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
19:52
go if you'll go and they'll go if we'll go. I didn't say we'll go. I just said the first
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่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ่กŒใใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ
20:04
letter, W, plus U-L-L. We'll, we'll. Let's go through each of the contractions that use
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ๆ–‡ๅญ—WใจU-L-Lใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใพใ‚ใ€‚
20:12
"will" so that you can hear this in a natural way and in a sentence.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่‡ช็„ถใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงไธ€ๆ–‡ใง่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ„็ธฎ็ด„ใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
20:17
You'll. You'll get the car. He'll. He'll get the car. She'll. She'll get the car. We'll.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ปŠใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅœฐ็„ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ่ปŠใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ปŠใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธŠๆ‰‹ใ€‚
20:25
We'll get the car. They'll. They'll get the car. Let's say that sample sentence one more
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่ปŠใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ปŠใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
20:30
time together. I want you to speak out loud and then you'll have a chance to say it by
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ใ€‚ ๅคงๅฃฐใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่จ€ใ†ๆฉŸไผšใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
20:35
yourself. He'll go if we'll go and they'll go if you'll
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
20:40
go. He'll go if we'll go and they'll go if you'll go.
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่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
20:46
Now, it's your turn to say it by yourself. Go ahead.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
20:53
(silence) Excellent work. Let's go on to the fourth
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๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™๏ผ‰ ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ€‚
20:57
and final secret of having an American English accent. Number four is linking the S plus
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใฎ4็•ช็›ฎใงๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ 4็•ช็›ฎใฏSใจๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„
21:04
a vowel. Listen to this sentence. How's it going? How's it going?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ ่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ
21:11
What about this sentence? There are cars in the sun. There are cars in the sun.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
21:18
Both of these sentences have an S and then a vowel. What happens here? In each of these
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚Sใจๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
21:25
words, the S becomes a Z. How's it going? There are cars in the sun." Common words that
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใงใ€SใฏZใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
21:35
we use this with are "it," how's it going? And also "in," there are cars in the sun.
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็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใ€ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸใพใŸใ€ใ€Œไธญใซใ€ใ€ๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
21:43
That's probably the most common ways that you're going to see this. So let's take a
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ• ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ€‚ใใ‚Œใงใฏ
21:45
look at a couple sentences. He's in the office. He's in the office. He's
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ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผ
21:51
in the office. She goes in the theater. She goes in the theater.
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ใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅЇๅ ดใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅЇๅ ดใซ่กŒใใพใ™
21:57
When he complains, it gets on my nerves. When he complains, it gets on my nerves.
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ใ€‚ๅฝผใŒไธๅนณใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎ็ฅž็ตŒ่ณชใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏไธๅนณใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎ็ฅž็ตŒ่ณชใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:04
Do you see how, when we link here, it helps you to speak a little more quickly. And when
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ใ“ใ“ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้€Ÿใ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ ใ€‚ใพใŸ
22:08
you link it together with a Z, it sounds so natural. Don't go to the cliffs. It's too
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ใ€Zใจใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅด–ใ€‚
22:14
dangerous. If we have a pause here, you could just say an S don't go to the cliffs. It's
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ๅฑ้™บใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€SใŒๅด–ใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
22:19
too dangerous. But if you say this quickly, and that's kind of our key here, then you're
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ๅฑ้™บใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใฐใ‚„ใ่จ€ใ†ใจ ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ“ใ“ใงใฎ็งใŸใกใฎ้ตใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
22:24
going to link it together with Z. Don't go to the cliffs, it's too dangerous. Cliffs,
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Zใจไธ€็ท’ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅด–ใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅฑ้™บใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚ๅด–ใ€ๅฑ้™บใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚ใงใฏใ€
22:30
it's too dangerous. All right, let's say together those two original sentences, please say it
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ๅ…ƒใฎ2ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
22:35
with me, use those pronunciation muscles, and then I'm going to pause so that you can
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็ญ‹่‚‰ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่จ€ใ†ๆฉŸไผšใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™
22:39
have a chance to say it all by yourself. How's it going? How's it going?
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ใ€‚ ่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ ่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ
22:47
There are cars in the sun. There are cars in the sun.
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ๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:54
Okay? Now it's your turn. Say it all by yourself. You got this.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไปŠใงใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:02
(silence). Great work. That was a lot of pronunciation
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๏ผˆๆฒˆ้ป™๏ผ‰ใ€‚ ใ™ใ”ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฎ
23:06
practice. But before we go, let's do a quick review. If you'd like to say these sentences
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็ทด็ฟ’ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่กŒใๅ‰ใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใช ใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡็ซ 
23:10
out loud with me, please do that. That's the best way to improve your pronunciation and
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ใ‚’็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅคงๅฃฐใง่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใ€
23:14
also just to remember these concepts. I thought he wouldn't appreciate the plant.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆฆ‚ๅฟตใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใŸใ‚ใฎๆœ€่‰ฏใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅฝผใŒใใฎๆค็‰ฉใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ€‚
23:21
The winner of the international Winter Olympics has gotten an important award on the internet.
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ๅ›ฝ้š›ๅ†ฌๅญฃใ‚ชใƒชใƒณใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅ„ชๅ‹่€… ใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใง้‡่ฆใช่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:29
He'll go if we'll go and they'll go if you'll go.
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็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
23:35
How's it going? There are cars in the sun.
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่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ ๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
23:38
And now I have a question for you. In the comments, let me know what is something that's
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ€
23:43
really important to you? I want you to use this word "important" because in the middle
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎใ€Œ้‡่ฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใฎใฏใ€็œŸใ‚“ไธญ
23:50
we have that glottal T. Import- and then at the end we have a stopped T. Important. There's
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ใซๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้ŸณใฎTใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅœๆญขใ—ใŸTใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚้‡่ฆใ€‚
23:58
no T that we actually speak at the end. So if you can say your sample sentence that you
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ฉฑใ™Tใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
24:03
write in the comments out loud, that will be beautiful practice. You can read each other's
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ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅคงๅฃฐใง่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ็พŽใ—ใ„็ทด็ฟ’ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŠไบ’ใ„ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใง
24:07
sentences as well to see what kind of things are important to people all around the world.
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ใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไบบใ€…ใซใจใฃใฆใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:11
You might be wondering, what in the world is an American idiom? Well, these idioms might
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธๆ€่ญฐใซๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ไธ–็•Œ ใงใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ 
24:16
be understood by people in the UK, but they're most often used by Americans. And if you said
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ใฏ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎไบบใ€…ใซใฏ็†่งฃใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
24:23
one of these to someone from the US they would instantly understand what you meant, and they
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ1ใคใ‚’็ฑณๅ›ฝใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๅณๅบงใซ็†่งฃใ—ใ€
24:27
wouldn't feel weird at all like you were using an expression that they hadn't heard very
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ใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Š่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใฃใŸใๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
24:32
often. For each of these idioms, I'm going to tell you a little story, and I want you
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฎใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใซ
24:36
to guess what you think the idiom means based on the context.
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ๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
24:40
So for our first idiom, I want to tell you a quick story about last week. One of my friends
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ  ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใซใคใ„ใฆ็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฐใ•ใช่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹้”ใฎไธ€ไบบ
24:46
who has a small baby, we were going to get together. And in the morning when we were
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้›†ใพใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ— ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
24:50
about to get together, she called me and said, "Hey, Vanessa, I'm sorry. I've got to take
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้›†ใพใ‚‹ๆœใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ‹ใ‚‰้›ป่ฉฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ตใ€ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
24:55
a rain check because my baby is not feeling too well, so I want to just relax at home
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่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใฎ่ชฟๅญใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใƒฌใ‚คใƒณใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ—ใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎถใงใใคใ‚ใใ ใ‘ใงใ€
25:00
and maybe we can get together next week." What do you think this idiom, "take a rain
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ๆฅ้€ฑใฏ้›†ใพใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎใ€Œ้›จใฎใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
25:06
check" means? Take a rain check. Think about it for a moment.
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒฌใ‚คใƒณใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟ ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
25:11
In this context, we were going to get together, but we needed to change some plans because
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้›†ใพใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฎ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใŒๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ ใฎใงใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่จˆ็”ปใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆ
25:18
her baby wasn't feeling well. That's exactly what this idiom means. Change your plans.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ ใพใ•ใซใ“ใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ่จˆ็”ปใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:24
We need to delay or just push back our plans because something happened. Maybe you just
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€่จˆ็”ปใ‚’้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๅ˜ใซๅปถๆœŸใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ 
25:31
are feeling tired or you're feeling sick, so you need to change your plans. You could
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็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จˆ็”ปใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
25:37
say, "I need to take a rain check," or "let's take a rain check and do our event next week."
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ใ€Œใƒฌใ‚คใƒณใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ€ใจใ‹ใ€ใ€Œ ใƒฌใ‚คใƒณใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ—ใฆๆฅ้€ฑใฎใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใจใ‹ใ€‚
25:46
Let's take a rain check. It's easy to remember this expression if you
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ใƒฌใ‚คใƒณใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้›จใจใ„ใ†ๅŸบๆœฌ่ชžใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใงใ™
25:50
can remember the base word rain. Let's imagine you're trying to have some kind of event outside.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅค–ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
25:57
Maybe you're trying to get married outside like I was, and it rains like it was on my
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค–ใง็ตๅฉšใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ— ใฆใ„ใฆใ€็งใฎ็ตๅฉšๅผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„
26:02
wedding. Well, you can't have the event outside. You have to go inside. So you need to change
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅค–ใงใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
26:09
your plans because of the weather. So this is kind of the origin of the expression, but
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ใ€ๅคฉๅ€™ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่จˆ็”ปใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใŒ่กจ็พใฎๅŽŸ็‚นใฎ
26:14
we can use it in any situation where you're changing plans.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€่จˆ็”ปใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
26:18
The second American idiom is "to shoot the breeze." Let me tell you a quick story so
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2็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฏใ€Œใใ‚ˆ้ขจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใ“ใจ ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
26:23
you can guess the meaning. In a couple days, I'm getting together with a childhood friend
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ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๆ—ฅๅพŒ
26:28
who I haven't seen for a while. And when I told my husband that I was going to get together
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ใ€ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใไผšใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅนผใชใ˜ใฟใจไปฒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใŒๅคซใจไธ€็ท’ใซ้›†ใพใ‚‹
26:34
with her, he said, "What are you going to do? You haven't seen her for a long time."
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ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Š ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
26:39
And I said, "Hmm, I don't know. Shoot the breeze. Just sit together, we'll figure out
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใ€ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใใ‚ˆ้ขจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ€็ท’ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ€
26:44
something." What do you think from this quick story that
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ฉฑใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚ˆ้ขจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
26:47
"shoot the breeze" means? Well, we can imagine the word "breeze" means a small wind. We can
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ€Œใใ‚ˆ้ขจใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅฐใ•ใช้ขจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
26:55
imagine a breeze coming out of your mouth when you're talking. So, shooting the breeze
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ใจใใซๅฃใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚ˆ้ขจใŒๅนใใฎใŒๆƒณๅƒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ˆ้ขจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใจใ„ใ†
27:03
means just to chit chat together, to talk about daily life, nothing too deep or important,
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ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใŸใ ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ€ๆทฑใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚„้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ€
27:09
just to chat. So I said, "I'm going to just shoot the breeze with her." I'm not going
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ใŸใ ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ€Œ ๅฝผๅฅณใจไธ€็ท’ใซใใ‚ˆ้ขจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏ
27:16
to take a gun and shoot the wind. That would be a pretty crazy activity together. But instead
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้Šƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ้ขจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ไธ€็ท’ใซใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใชๆดปๅ‹•ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Š
27:25
we just talked. So there was wind coming out of our mouths, breeze. And this means we didn't
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ใซ็งใŸใกใฏใŸใ ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใง ใ€็งใŸใกใฎๅฃใ‹ใ‚‰้ขจใŒๅนใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ
27:33
really talk about anything serious or substantial, just chit chat, just chatted.
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ๆทฑๅˆปใชใ“ใจใ‚„ๅฎŸ่ณช็š„ใชใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:38
The third American idiom is "to plead the fifth." Let me tell you a quick story so you
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3็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฏใ€Œ5็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅผ่ญทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
27:44
can guess what it means. Let's imagine that your friend comes over to your house. And
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
27:48
he says, "Oh man, I just went on a date with Sarah yesterday. It was so great." And then
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚ตใƒฉใจใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใ—ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ  ใ€‚ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
27:56
you say, "Oh, did you kiss her?" And he might say, "I plead the fifth." What does this mean?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซใ‚ญใ‚นใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏ ใ€Œ็งใฏ5็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅ˜†้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
28:05
Why did he say "I plead the fifth?" Well, the word "plead" means I beg, "Please, please,
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ใชใœๅฝผใฏใ€Œ็งใฏ5็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅ˜†้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใˆใˆใจใ€ ใ€Œๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใ€ŒใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
28:13
I'm begging." And "the fifth," what in the world is the fifth? Why not the fourth? The
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ็ฌฌไบ”ใ€ใ€ ไธ–็•Œใง็ฌฌไบ”ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใชใœ4็•ช็›ฎใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
28:17
10th? Why is there a number here? Well, this is referencing the Constitution of the United
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10ๆ—ฅ๏ผŸ ใชใœใ“ใ“ใซ็•ชๅทใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅˆ่ก†ๅ›ฝๆ†ฒๆณ•ใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใ„
28:24
States. In the constitution, the Fifth Amendment says you don't need to say anything that is
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ†ฒๆณ•ไฟฎๆญฃ็ฌฌ5ๆกใง ใฏใ€ๆณ•ๅปทใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’้ž้›ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„
28:32
going to incriminate you in court. But when your friend was talking to you about kissing
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใงๅฅณใฎๅญใซใ‚ญใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏ
28:38
a girl on a date, was he worried about going to court or going to jail? No.
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ๆณ•ๅปทใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚„ๅˆ‘ๅ‹™ๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
28:44
So let's talk about the original meaning of this expression, the political meaning and
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใฎๆœฌๆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ€ๆ”ฟๆฒป็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณ
28:49
then we'll talk about how it got interpreted in daily conversation. Well, let's imagine
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่งฃ้‡ˆใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
28:54
that you're driving really fast and a policeman pulls you over and you roll down your window.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้€Ÿใ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€่ญฆๅฎ˜ ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅผ•ใฃๅผตใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ช“ใ‚’่ปขใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
29:01
And he says, "Excuse me, have you been drinking alcohol? Have you been smoking weed? Have
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏใ€ใ€Œใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้›‘่‰ใ‚’ๅธใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใชใŸ
29:08
you been doing drugs?" You could say, "I plead the fifth." And this means, you know that
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ใฏ้บป่–ฌใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ็งใฏ5็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅ˜†้ก˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆณ•ๅพ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
29:16
it's the law. You don't have to say anything to him that could make you get in trouble
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ใ€‚ ๅพŒใงๆณ•ๅปท ใงๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฝผใซ่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
29:23
with the court later. If he's going to take you to court, you're going to say it in the
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆณ•ๅปทใซ้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆณ•ๅปทใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™
29:27
court. You're not going to say it in this informal area in your car. You want to make
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ปŠใฎใ“ใฎ้žๅ…ฌๅผใชใ‚จใƒชใ‚ขใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ
29:32
sure that there's a lawyer. You want to make sure that it is done the right way. So you
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ใฏๅผ่ญทๅฃซใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
29:36
could say, "I plead the fifth," because that Fifth Amendment of the constitution says you
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ๆ†ฒๆณ•ไฟฎๆญฃ็ฌฌ5ๆกใงใฏใ€
29:42
don't need to answer his questions. You don't need to say that.
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ๅฝผใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ5็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅ˜†้ก˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
29:46
In daily life, we often use this when we don't want to answer a question. So you asked your
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ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใงใฏใ€่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใŸใใชใ„ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
29:53
friend, "Did you kiss her?" And he said, "I plead the fifth." This means he doesn't want
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ๅ‹้”ใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซใ‚ญใ‚นใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใ€Œ็ง ใฏไบ”็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅ˜†้ก˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฝผใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใŸใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
29:58
to answer your question. He doesn't say "Legally, I don't have to answer your question." No,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€Œๆณ•็š„ใซใ€ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
30:04
this is just colloquially. He's saying, "I don't want to answer your question."
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฃ่ชž็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€Œ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใŸใใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:09
But there is a subtle meaning here. When you use this in daily conversation, it means "I
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏๅพฎๅฆ™ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑใงไฝฟใ†ใจใ€Œ
30:17
don't want to tell you, but your answer is correct." So he said, "Did you kiss her?"
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่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ‘ใฉๆญฃ่งฃใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงๅฝผใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซใ‚ญใ‚นใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
30:23
And he said, "I plead the fifth." Really, it means "Yes, but I don't want to tell you."
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏไบ”็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅ˜†้ก˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฏใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใงใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
30:30
So if you use this expression, you're not really hiding the truth. You're telling them
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใ‚’้š ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
30:35
what they already know, but you just don't want to say it.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ™ใงใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ ใ‘ใ ใ€‚
30:38
So let me give you one other quick situation. The other day I was sneakily eating a piece
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†1ใค็ฐกๅ˜ใช็Šถๆณใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅ
30:44
of chocolate in the kitchen. And Dan, my husband, walked into the kitchen and said, "Did you
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ใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใงใ“ใฃใใ‚Šใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅคซใฎ ใƒ€ใƒณใŒๅฐๆ‰€ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ
30:50
eat the last piece of chocolate?" Well, I had eaten the last piece of chocolate and
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้ฃŸใน
30:55
I said, "I plead the fifth." And this means I don't want to tell you, but it's true. I
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ใฆใ€ใ€Œ5ใค็›ฎใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ง
31:03
did eat the last piece of chocolate. So even though I didn't say "I ate the last piece,"
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ใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒ”ใƒผใ‚นใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎ
31:07
yes, you are correct. It is implied when you use this expression. If you use it with a
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆš—็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฎ˜ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟใ†ใจ
31:14
police officer, he's going to be suspicious because you're not answering his question,
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ใ€่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงไธๅฏฉใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
31:19
but this is the legal situation, so it's okay to use it. It doesn't mean "Yes, I was drinking
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆณ•็š„ใชไบ‹ๆƒ…ใชใฎใง ใ€ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใŠ้…’ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
31:25
alcohol. Yes, I was smoking. Yes. I was doing drugs." No, it doesn't imply that in the legal
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ใ€‚ใฏใ„ใ€ๅ–ซ็…™ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใฏใ„ใ€‚้บป่–ฌใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆณ•็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“
31:32
situation, but in the colloquial situation, it does. It implies, "Yes, I did that thing
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ใŒใ€ๅฃ่ชž็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใฏ ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„
31:38
that you're accusing me of, but I don't want to say it."
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใ‚’้ž้›ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€่จ€ใ„ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
31:41
The fourth American idiom is "to give props to someone." Let me tell you a quick story.
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4็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฏใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใซๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
31:49
Let's imagine that you want to study abroad in the US and you'd like to get your Master's
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใซ็•™ๅญฆ ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใฆ
31:53
degree at Harvard. Well, your goal is to get your Master's degree, but you think, "Why
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ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ‰ๅคงๅญฆใงไฟฎๅฃซๅทใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใฏ ไฟฎๅฃซๅทใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ
31:58
not? I'm going to try to apply to Harvard because they have a great reputation." So
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ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใƒใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใฏ ่ฉ•ๅˆคใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใฎใงใ€ๅฟœๅ‹Ÿใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
32:04
you try to get into Harvard and you don't make it. Then your friend asks you, "Hey,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ— ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€ใ€Œใญใˆใ€
32:11
how did it go? Did you get a reply? Did you make it into Harvard?" And you probably say,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ฟ”ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ
32:16
"Mm, no, I didn't make it." They would say to you, "Well, I give you props for trying."
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ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚
32:23
What does this mean? I give you props for trying. This expression, "props," means proper
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ€Œๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใฏใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
32:32
respect, but it's just been shortened over time. And if you ask most Americans, "What
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ใŒใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ•ใ‚Œใฆใใพใ— ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œ
32:37
does props mean?" They probably wouldn't be able to tell you. I just looked it up online
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ๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใง่ชฟในใพใ—ใŸ
32:42
because I was curious. But we can imagine from this full expression,
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎๅฎŒๅ…จใช่กจ็พใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
32:46
"I'm giving you my proper respect for trying to get into Harvard. Even though you didn't
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ใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆˆใ—้‚ใ’ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
32:52
make it, you tried hard. I give you my respect." Well, we can shorten this expression to say,
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ไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝใซๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’็Ÿญใใ—ใฆใ€
33:00
"I give you props for trying to get into Harvard." I give you props for something that you did.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใชใŸใซๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
33:08
So when you want to show that someone didn't succeed, but you still are respecting them
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ„ใŒ
33:14
because they tried, this is a great expression to use.
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่ฉฆใฟใŸใŸใ‚ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฐŠ้‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ฉใช ่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
33:18
And you know what? You can even give yourself props. So let's imagine that you see a lost
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚่‡ชๅˆ†ใซๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใง
33:23
foreign traveler in your city, and you want to try to speak English with them, but you
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ก—ใง่ฟทๅญใซใชใฃใŸๅค–ๅ›ฝไบบๆ—…่กŒ่€…ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใจ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—
33:28
feel a little nervous, but you do it anyway. You go to them, they ask you some questions.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็ทŠๅผตใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใจใซใ‹ใใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:33
You didn't understand everything, but you tried your best. You could say, "Well, I give
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ในใฆใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœ€ๅ–„ใ‚’ๅฐฝใใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€็งใฏ
33:38
myself props for trying. I give myself props for approaching them and trying to speak English."
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่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚็ง ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
33:44
You did it, maybe it wasn't perfect, but you tried. So you can use this as encouragement
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ๅคšๅˆ†ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒ็’งใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ่ฉฆใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใฎๅŠฑใพใ—ใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
33:49
for yourself. So now it's your turn. I want to know. Have
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
33:53
you ever needed to plead the fifth? Did you ever need to take a rain check or maybe give
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠใพใงใซ5็•ช็›ฎใ‚’ๅผ่ญทใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ้›จใฎใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๅฐ้“ๅ…ทใ‚’ๆธกใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
33:59
props to someone? Who do you like to shoot the breeze with? Let me know in the comments
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ่ชฐ ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใใ‚ˆ้ขจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไปฅไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงๆ•™ใˆใฆ
34:03
below. Try to use these expressions and expand your vocabulary.
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ ใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
34:07
Congratulations on practicing your American English pronunciation and vocabulary. Don't
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใจ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:13
forget to download the free PDF worksheet so that you never forget what you've learned
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็„กๆ–™ใฎPDFใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใš
34:18
today, and you can start speaking confidently and with an American accent. Click on the
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ใ€่‡ชไฟก ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใง่ฉฑใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฌๆ˜Žใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€
34:23
link in the description to download it now. Well, thanks so much for learning English
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ไปŠใ™ใใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
34:27
with me, and I'll see you again next Friday for a new lesson here on my YouTube channel.
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็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ๆฅ้€ฑใฎ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅ ใซใพใŸ็งใฎYouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใงๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
34:32
Bye. The next step is to download the free PDF
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ็„กๆ–™ใฎPDFใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
34:37
worksheet for this lesson. With this free PDF, you will master today's lesson and never
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็„กๆ–™ใฎ PDFใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ—ใ€
34:43
forget what you have learned. You can be a confident English speaker. Don't forget to
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ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฏŽ้€ฑ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅ
34:49
subscribe to my YouTube channel for a free English lesson every Friday. Bye.
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ใซ็„กๆ–™ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’YouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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