PAST TENSE | Simple, Continuous, Perfect | Learn English Grammar Course

Hi, everybody. I’m Esther. 

Kumusta, lahat. Ako si Esther.

In this video, I will introduce the past tense. We’ll talk about the past simple, past continuous,  

Sa video na ito, ipapakilala ko ang past tense. Pag-uusapan natin ang past simple, past continuous,

past perfect, and past perfect continuous tense. There’s a lot to study,  

past perfect, at past perfect continuous tense. Maraming dapat pag-aralan,

and there’s a lot to practice. So let’s get started.

at maraming dapat ipraktis. Kaya simulan na natin.

Hi, everyone.

Kumusta, lahat.

In this video, I will introduce the past simple English tense.

Sa video na ito, ipapakilala ko ang nakaraang simpleng English tense.

This grammar tense can help you explain a past general state, action, or habit.

Makakatulong sa iyo ang grammar tense na ito na ipaliwanag ang isang nakaraang pangkalahatang estado, aksyon, o ugali.

There's a lot to learn and it's a very important tense, so keep watching.

Maraming dapat matutunan at ito ay isang napakahalagang panahunan, kaya patuloy na manood.

In this video, I will talk about the 'be' verb

Sa video na ito, pag-uusapan ko ang tungkol sa 'be' verb

in the past simple tense.

in the past simple tense.

The 'be' verb in the past simple tense can be used to describe a past general state.

Ang 'be' verb sa past simple tense ay maaaring gamitin upang ilarawan ang isang nakaraang pangkalahatang estado.

We use the 'be' verbs, ‘was’ and ‘were’ in this tense.

Ginagamit namin ang mga 'be' verbs, 'was' at 'were' sa ganitong panahunan.

Take a look at the examples.

Tingnan ang mga halimbawa.

‘I was scared.’

'Natakot ako.'

‘James', or he 'was a teacher.’

'James', o siya 'ay isang guro.'

‘She was sad.’

'Siya ay malungkot.'

‘My dog was hungry.’

'Nagugutom ang aso ko.'

‘My dog’ can be ‘it’.

Ang 'aso ko' ay maaaring 'ito'.

So for ‘I’, ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, we use the past tense 'be' verb, ‘was’.

Kaya para sa 'ako', 'siya', 'siya', 'ito', ginagamit natin ang past tense na 'be' verb, 'was'.

However, for ‘you’, ‘we’ and ‘they’, we use ‘were’.

Gayunpaman, para sa 'ikaw', 'kami' at 'sila', ginagamit namin ang 'ay'.

‘You were a good student.’

'Ikaw ay isang mabuting mag-aaral.'

‘Your parents, or they were at the park.’ and ‘We were at home for two hours.’

'Ang iyong mga magulang, o sila ay nasa parke.' at 'Dalawang oras kaming nasa bahay.'

In this last sentence, you see that the duration is emphasized.

Sa huling pangungusap na ito, makikita mo na ang tagal ay binibigyang-diin.

Great job.

Mahusay na trabaho.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now I will talk about regular verbs in the past simple tense.

Ngayon ay magsasalita ako tungkol sa mga regular na pandiwa sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Take a look at these examples.

Tingnan ang mga halimbawang ito.

‘Liam played a game.’

'Naglaro si Liam.'

Liam is a ‘he’,

Si Liam ay isang 'siya',

but really it doesn't matter for regular verbs in the past simple tense.

ngunit talagang hindi mahalaga para sa mga regular na pandiwa sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Because no matter what the subject is, all we have to do is add ‘d’ or ‘ed’

Dahil kahit ano pa ang paksa, ang kailangan lang nating gawin ay magdagdag ng 'd' o 'ed'

to the end of the verb.

sa dulo ng pandiwa.

Here the verb is ‘play’, so I added ‘-ed’.

Narito ang pandiwa ay 'play', kaya't idinagdag ko ang '-ed'.

‘Liam played a game.’

'Naglaro si Liam.'

‘The car, or it needed gas.’

'Ang kotse, o kailangan nito ng gas.'

The verb here is ‘need’.

Ang pandiwa dito ay 'kailangan'.

For the past simple tense, I added ‘-ed’.

Para sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan, idinagdag ko ang '-ed'.

‘We watched a movie.’

'Nanood kami ng sine.'

Again, an ‘ed’ at the of ‘watch’.

Muli, isang 'ed' sa 'watch'.

‘You exercised for an hour.’

'Nag-ehersisyo ka ng isang oras.'

In this case, the verb is ‘exercise’.

Sa kasong ito, ang pandiwa ay 'exercise'.

I only need to add a ‘d’ to make it the past tense.

Kailangan ko lang magdagdag ng 'd' para maging past tense.

And finally, ‘They usually worked after school.’

At panghuli, 'Karaniwan silang nagtatrabaho pagkatapos ng paaralan.'

The verb is ‘work’.

Ang pandiwa ay 'trabaho'.

And I added an ‘ed’ to make it in the past tense.

At nagdagdag ako ng 'ed' para gawin ito sa past tense.

The word ‘usually’ shows that this was a habit.

Ang salitang 'karaniwan' ay nagpapakita na ito ay isang ugali.

Remember, the past simple tense can be used to show past habits.

Tandaan, ang past simple tense ay maaaring gamitin upang ipakita ang mga nakaraang gawi.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now, I'll talk about irregular verbs in the past simple tense.

Ngayon, magsasalita ako tungkol sa mga hindi regular na pandiwa sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Remember, for regular verbs, we only add ‘d’ or ‘ed’ to make a verb into the past tense.

Tandaan, para sa mga regular na pandiwa, idinaragdag lang namin ang 'd' o 'ed' upang makagawa ng pandiwa sa past tense.

However, for irregular verbs, we have to change the verb in a different way.

Gayunpaman, para sa mga hindi regular na pandiwa, kailangan nating baguhin ang pandiwa sa ibang paraan.

Let's take a look at some examples.

Tingnan natin ang ilang halimbawa.

‘I ate with my friend.’

'Kumain ako kasama ang aking kaibigan.'

The verb here is ‘ate’.

Ang pandiwa dito ay 'kumain'.

‘ate’ is the past simple tense of ‘eat’.

Ang 'ate' ay ang past simple tense ng 'eat'.

The next example says, ‘Nara wrote a story.’

Ang susunod na halimbawa ay nagsasabing, 'Si Nara ay sumulat ng isang kuwento.'

The verb is ‘write’.

Ang pandiwa ay 'sumulat'.

And because it's irregular to change it into the past tense, we change the verb to ‘wrote’.

At dahil hindi regular na palitan ito ng past tense, pinapalitan natin ang pandiwa sa 'wrote'.

‘You often came home late.’

'Madalas kang late umuwi.'

The verb here is ‘come’ and it's been changed to ‘came’.

Ang pandiwa dito ay 'dumating' at ito ay pinalitan ng 'dumating'.

You'll notice that we had the word ‘often’ to show a habit.

Mapapansin mo na mayroon tayong salitang 'madalas' para magpakita ng ugali.

‘We bought a camera.’

'Bumili kami ng camera.'

The verb here is ‘buy’ and it's been changed to ‘bought’ to show the past simple tense.

Ang pandiwa dito ay 'bumili' at ito ay pinalitan ng 'binili' upang ipakita ang nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

And finally, ‘My parents sent me money for a year.’

At sa wakas, 'Pinadalhan ako ng mga magulang ko ng pera sa loob ng isang taon.'

Here the verb ‘sent’ is the past tense of ‘send’.

Dito ang pandiwa na 'ipinadala' ay ang nakalipas na panahunan ng 'ipadala'.

Here we also see ‘for a year’, this shows duration.

Dito rin natin makikita ang 'for a year', ito ay nagpapakita ng tagal.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now I will talk about the negative form for the 'be' verb in the past simple tense.

Ngayon ay magsasalita ako tungkol sa negatibong anyo para sa 'be' na pandiwa sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Here are some examples.

Narito ang ilang mga halimbawa.

The first one says, ‘I was not hungry.’

Ang una ay nagsasabing, 'Hindi ako nagugutom.'

For the past simple tense, the negative 'be' verb

Para sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan, ang negatibong 'be' verb

I f the subject is ‘I’, ‘he’, ‘she’ or ‘it’, we say ‘was not’.

I f ang paksa ay 'I', 'he', 'she' or 'it', sinasabi nating 'was not'.

For example, ‘I was not’ or ‘she was not’ or the contraction ‘wasn't’.

Halimbawa, 'hindi ako' o 'hindi siya' o ang pag-urong ay 'hindi'.

‘I wasn't’.

'Hindi ako noon'.

‘She wasn't’.

'Hindi siya'.

So let's look again, ‘I was not hungry.’

Kaya tingnan natin muli, 'Hindi ako nagugutom.'

‘She wasn't home today.’

'Wala siya sa bahay ngayon.'

Now, if the subject is ‘you’, ‘we’ or ‘they’,

Ngayon, kung ang paksa ay 'ikaw', 'kami' o 'sila',

We say ‘were not’ or the contraction ‘weren't’.

sasabihin namin 'hindi' o ang contraction ay 'hindi'.

‘The children, or they were not quiet.’

'Ang mga bata, o hindi sila tahimik.'

‘The children were not quiet.’

'Hindi natahimik ang mga bata.'

And then, ‘The dog', or it was not, or 'wasn't playful.’

At pagkatapos, 'Ang aso', o ito ay hindi, o 'ay hindi mapaglaro.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now, let's talk about how to form the negative in the past simple tense for non-'be' verbs,

Ngayon, pag-usapan natin kung paano bumuo ng negatibo sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan para sa mga di-'be' na pandiwa,

regular or irregular.

regular o hindi regular.

Here are some examples.

Narito ang ilang mga halimbawa.

‘I did not like him.’

'Hindi ko siya gusto.'

What we do for non-'be' verbs is simply put ‘did not’ after the subject.

Ang ginagawa natin para sa mga pandiwang hindi 'maging' ay inilalagay lamang na 'hindi' pagkatapos ng paksa.

And you'll notice that for the verb, we don't make any changes.

At mapapansin mo na para sa pandiwa, hindi kami gumagawa ng anumang mga pagbabago.

We keep the base verb.

Pinapanatili namin ang batayang pandiwa.

‘He didn't catch the ball.’

'Hindi niya nasalo ang bola.'

Again, it's ‘he did not’, but here we used a contraction,

Muli, ito ay 'hindi niya ginawa', ngunit dito ginamit namin ang isang contraction,

‘He didn't catch the ball.’

'Hindi niya nakuha ang bola.'

‘They didn't dance.’

'Hindi sila sumayaw.'

Again, here's the contraction for ‘did not’.

Muli, narito ang contraction para sa 'hindi'.

And you'll notice that for the verb, we didn't change it at all.

At mapapansin mo na para sa pandiwa, hindi namin ito binago.

Here's an irregular verb, and here's a regular verb, we keep them in the base form.

Narito ang isang hindi regular na pandiwa, at narito ang isang regular na pandiwa, pinananatili namin ang mga ito sa batayang anyo.

And finally, ‘We didn't think about that.’

At sa wakas, 'Hindi namin naisip iyon.'

Again, we simply say ‘did not’ or ‘didn't’.

Muli, sinasabi lang natin na 'hindi' o 'hindi'.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now I will introduce two ways to form questions for the past simple tense.

Ngayon ay magpapakilala ako ng dalawang paraan upang bumuo ng mga tanong para sa past simple tense.

Take a look at the first example.

Tingnan ang unang halimbawa.

‘He was angry.’

'Siya ay galit.'

In this first sentence, we see the 'be' verb ‘was’.

Sa unang pangungusap na ito, makikita natin ang 'be' verb 'was'.

It's quite easy.

Ito ay medyo madali.

All you have to do to turn this into a question is switch the order the first two words.

Ang kailangan mo lang gawin para maging tanong ito ay palitan ang pagkakasunod-sunod ng unang dalawang salita.

‘Was he angry?’

'Nagalit ba siya?'

You can answer by saying ‘Yes, he was.’ or ‘No, he wasn't.’

Maaari kang sumagot sa pamamagitan ng pagsasabi ng 'Oo, siya nga.' o 'Hindi, siya ay hindi.'

The next sentence also has a 'be' verb.

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay mayroon ding 'be' verb.

‘They were comfortable.’

'Naging komportable sila.'

So again, switch the first two words.

Kaya muli, palitan ang unang dalawang salita.

‘Were they comfortable?’

'Komportable ba sila?'

The answers can be, ‘Yes, they were.’

Ang mga sagot ay maaaring, 'Oo, sila noon.'

or ‘No, they weren't.’

o 'Hindi, hindi.'

However, look at the third sentence.

Gayunpaman, tingnan ang ikatlong pangungusap.

‘Sam lived here.’

'Dito nakatira si Sam.'

There is no 'be' verb in this sentence.

Walang 'be' verb sa pangungusap na ito.

Instead, we see the action verb ‘lived’.

Sa halip, nakikita natin ang pandiwang aksyon na 'nabuhay'.

So what we do is no matter what the subject,

Kaya kung ano ang ginagawa namin ay kahit na ano ang paksa,

we start the question with ‘did’.

sinisimulan namin ang tanong sa 'ginawa'.

‘Did Sam live here?’

'Dito ba nakatira si Sam?'

You'll notice that the verb no longer is in the past tense.

Mapapansin mo na ang pandiwa ay wala na sa past tense.

We use the base form of the verb.

Ginagamit namin ang batayang anyo ng pandiwa.

‘Did Sam live here?’

'Dito ba nakatira si Sam?'

You can say ‘Yes, he did.’

Maaari mong sabihing 'Oo, ginawa niya.'

or ‘No, he didn't.’

o 'Hindi, hindi niya ginawa.'

The last sentence is similar.

Ang huling pangungusap ay magkatulad.

‘They won the contest last year.’

'Nanalo sila sa patimpalak noong nakaraang taon.'

The verb here is ‘won’, that's not a 'be' verb.

Ang pandiwa dito ay 'panalo', hindi 'yan maging pandiwa.

So again, we start the question with ‘did’ .

Kaya muli, sinisimulan natin ang tanong sa 'ginawa' .

And then the subject ‘they’, we use the base form of the verb and that's ‘win’.

At saka ang paksang 'sila', ginagamit natin ang batayang anyo ng pandiwa at iyon ay 'manalo'.

‘Did they win the contest last year?’

'Nanalo ba sila sa paligsahan noong nakaraang taon?'

You can say, ‘Yes, they did.’

Maaari mong sabihin, 'Oo, ginawa nila.'

or ‘No, they didn't.’

o 'Hindi, hindi nila ginawa.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now I'll introduce how to create an answer WH questions in the past simple tense.

Ngayon ay ipakikilala ko kung paano lumikha ng isang sagot sa mga tanong ng WH sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Take a look at the board.

Tingnan mo ang board.

We have some WH words here.

Mayroon kaming ilang mga salitang WH dito.

‘What’ ‘When’

'Ano' 'Kailan'

‘Where’ and ‘Why’

'Saan' at 'Bakit'

You'll notice that after each WH word comes the word ‘did’.

Mapapansin mo na pagkatapos ng bawat salitang WH ay darating ang salitang 'ginawa'.

‘What did’ ‘When did’

'What did' 'When did'

‘Where did’ and ‘Why did’.

'Where did' at 'Why did'.

What comes after that the subject and then the base form of the verb.

Ano ang dumating pagkatapos na ang paksa at pagkatapos ay ang batayang anyo ng pandiwa.

So, let's take a look.

Kaya, tingnan natin.

‘What did you do last night?’

'Ano ang ginawa mo kagabi?'

‘What did you do last night?’

'Ano ang ginawa mo kagabi?'

I can answer by saying something like, ‘I watched a movie.’

Maaari akong sumagot sa pamamagitan ng pagsasabi ng isang bagay tulad ng, 'Nanood ako ng isang pelikula.'

Or ‘I read a book.’

O 'Nagbasa ako ng libro.'

You'll notice that the answer is in the past simple tense.

Mapapansin mo na ang sagot ay nasa past simple tense.

‘When did you get home last night?’

'Kailan ka nakauwi kagabi?'

‘I got home at 10 p.m.’

'I got home at 10 pm'

‘Where did they eat lunch?’

'Saan sila kumain ng tanghalian?'

‘They ate lunch at home.’

'Kumain sila ng tanghalian sa bahay.'

Again, ‘ate’ is the past tense of ‘eat’.

Muli, ang 'ate' ay ang past tense ng 'eat'.

Answer in the past simple tense.

Sagot sa past simple tense.

And finally, ‘Why did the company hire him?’

At sa wakas, 'Bakit siya kinuha ng kumpanya?'

‘The company hired him because he's a hard worker.’

'Kinuha siya ng kumpanya dahil masipag siya.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

In this first checkup, we'll take a look at

Sa unang pagsusuri na ito, titingnan natin ang

practice questions using the 'be' verb in the past simple tense.

mga tanong sa pagsasanay gamit ang pandiwa na 'maging' sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Remember the 'be' verbs in the past simple tense are ‘was’ or ‘were’.

Tandaan ang mga pandiwa na 'maging' sa nakalipas na simpleng panahunan ay 'was' o 'were'.

Let's take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan natin ang unang pangungusap.

‘He __ at work earlier.’

'Siya __ sa trabaho kanina.'

The subject here is ‘we’.

Ang paksa dito ay 'tayo'.

So do we use ‘was’ or ‘were’?

So ginagamit ba natin ang 'was' o 'were'?

The correct answer is ‘was’.

Ang tamang sagot ay 'ay'.

‘He was at work earlier.’

'Nasa trabaho siya kanina.'

The next sentence says,

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing,

‘We _____ very happy yesterday.’

'Kami _____ napakasaya kahapon.'

If the subject is ‘we’, remember the be verb is ‘were’.

Kung ang paksa ay 'tayo', tandaan ang be verb ay 'were'.

‘We were very happy yesterday.’

'Napakasaya namin kahapon.'

Next, ‘My parents or they __ worried about me.’

Susunod, 'Ang aking mga magulang o sila __ ay nag-aalala tungkol sa akin.'

If it's 'they', remember we have to say ‘were’.

Kung ito ay 'sila', tandaan na kailangan nating sabihin na 'ay'.

‘My parents were worried about me.’

'Nag-alala ang mga magulang ko sa akin.'

If I want to use the negative, I can also say ‘My parents weren't worried about me.’

Kung gusto kong gamitin ang negatibo, maaari ko ring sabihin na 'Hindi nag-alala ang aking mga magulang sa akin.'

And that's possible.

At posible iyon.

Now I want you to find the mistake in the next sentence.

Ngayon gusto kong hanapin mo ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘We wasn't good students.’

'Hindi kami magaling na estudyante.'

We wasn't good students.

Hindi kami magaling na estudyante.

Can you figure out what's wrong?

Maaari mo bang malaman kung ano ang mali?

The subject here is ‘we’, so we don't say ‘was not’.

Ang paksa dito ay 'tayo', kaya hindi natin sinasabing 'hindi'.

We need to say ‘were not’ or the contraction ‘weren't’.

Kailangan nating sabihin na 'hindi' o ang contraction ay 'hindi'.

‘We weren't good students,’ is the correct answer.

'Hindi kami magaling na estudyante,' ang tamang sagot.

The next one says, ‘Were she a teacher?’

Sabi ng kasunod, 'Guro ba siya?'

Now, this is a question so the be verb comes at the beginning.

Ngayon, ito ay isang tanong kaya ang be verb ay dumating sa simula.

That's correct, but the subject here is ‘she’.

Tama iyon, ngunit ang paksa dito ay 'siya'.

Therefore, we need to start with ‘was’.

Samakatuwid, kailangan nating magsimula sa 'was'.

‘Was she a teacher?’

'Guro ba siya?'

And finally,

At sa wakas,

‘They wasn't at school.’

'Wala sila sa paaralan.'

The subject is ‘they’, so the answer is

Ang paksa ay 'sila', kaya ang sagot ay

‘They weren't at school.’

'Wala sila sa paaralan.'

You can use the contraction ‘weren't’ or ‘were not’.

Maaari mong gamitin ang contraction na 'hindi' o 'hindi.

Let's move on to the next checkup.

Lumipat tayo sa susunod na pagsusuri.

Now, let's practice regular verbs in the past simple tense.

Ngayon, magsanay tayo ng mga regular na pandiwa sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan ang unang pangungusap.

‘He ____ at home.’

'Siya ____ sa bahay.'

The verb is ‘study’.

Ang pandiwa ay 'pag-aaral'.

Remember, when changing a regular verb into

Tandaan, kapag pinapalitan ang isang regular na pandiwa sa

the past tense, we add ‘d’ or ‘ed’ to the end of the

past tense, idinaragdag namin ang 'd' o 'ed' sa dulo ng

verb.

pandiwa.

However, there's a separate rule for words that end in ‘y’.

Gayunpaman, mayroong isang hiwalay na panuntunan para sa mga salitang nagtatapos sa 'y'.

Such as, ‘study’.

Gaya ng, 'pag-aaral'.

We drop the ‘y’ and we add ‘ied’.

Binitawan namin ang 'y' at idinagdag namin ang 'ied'.

So the correct answer is,

Kaya ang tamang sagot ay,

‘He studied at home.’

'Nag-aral siya sa bahay.'

The next sentence says, ‘We __ pencils.’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Kami ay __ lapis.'

We want to use negative because it says ‘not use’.

Gusto naming gumamit ng negatibo dahil may nakasulat na 'not use'.

Remember for the negative, we always use ‘did not’, no matter what the subject.

Tandaan para sa negatibo, palagi nating ginagamit ang 'hindi', anuman ang paksa.

You can also use the contraction ‘didn't’.

Maaari mo ring gamitin ang contraction na 'hindi'.

Now, what do we do to the verb?

Ngayon, ano ang gagawin natin sa pandiwa?

We keep it as ‘is’.

Pinapanatili namin ito bilang 'ay'.

We do not change it.

Hindi natin ito binabago.

‘We didn't’ or ‘We did not’ use pencils.

'Hindi kami' o 'Hindi kami' gumamit ng mga lapis.

The next sentence says, ‘His friends or they walk to the gym.’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Ang kanyang mga kaibigan o sila ay naglalakad sa gym.'

What's the past tense of ‘walk’?

Ano ang past tense ng 'lakad'?

We simply have to add ‘ed’ because it's a regular verb.

Kailangan lang nating magdagdag ng 'ed' dahil ito ay isang regular na pandiwa.

‘His friends walked to the gym.’

'Naglakad ang mga kaibigan niya sa gym.'

Now, find a mistake in the next sentence.

Ngayon, maghanap ng pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘She didn't likes math.’

'Hindi niya gusto ang matematika.'

‘didn't’ is correct.

'hindi' ay tama.

However, remember we keep the verb as ‘is’ in the base form.

Gayunpaman, tandaan na pinapanatili namin ang pandiwa bilang 'ay' sa batayang anyo.

So we don't say ‘likes’.

Kaya hindi natin sinasabing 'likes'.

We say ‘like’.

Sabi namin 'like'.

‘She didn't like math.’

'Hindi niya gusto ang matematika.'

The next sentence says, ‘Did it rained this morning?’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Umuulan ba ngayong umaga?'

Now this is a question.

Ngayon ito ay isang tanong.

In a question, it’s right to start the sentence with ‘Did’.

Sa isang tanong, tamang simulan ang pangungusap sa 'Ginawa'.

‘Did it rained?’

'Umuulan ba?'

Do you notice the mistake?

Napapansin mo ba ang pagkakamali?

Remember, we do not use the past tense form in the question.

Tandaan, hindi namin ginagamit ang past tense form sa tanong.

We use the base form of the verb.

Ginagamit namin ang batayang anyo ng pandiwa.

‘Did it rain this morning?’

'Umuulan ba kaninang umaga?'

And finally, ‘They not play the piano.’

At panghuli, 'Hindi sila tumutugtog ng piano.'

The verb is an action verb.

Ang pandiwa ay isang pandiwa ng aksyon.

So we need a ‘did’ in front of ‘not’.

Kaya kailangan natin ng 'ginawa' sa harap ng 'hindi'.

‘They did not play the piano.’

'Hindi sila tumugtog ng piano.'

Let's move on to the next checkup.

Lumipat tayo sa susunod na pagsusuri.

Now, I'll talk about irregular verbs in the past simple tense.

Ngayon, magsasalita ako tungkol sa mga hindi regular na pandiwa sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

Take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan ang unang pangungusap.

‘He __ to school.’

'Siya __ sa paaralan.'

And the verb is ‘run’.

At ang pandiwa ay 'tumakbo'.

‘run’ is an irregular verb, so the past tense form is ‘ran’.

Ang 'run' ay isang irregular verb, kaya ang past tense form ay 'ran'.

‘He ran to school.’

'Tumakbo siya sa paaralan.'

The next sentence says, ‘We __ flowers.’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Kami ay __ bulaklak.'

We want to use the negative because here it says ‘not grow’.

Gusto naming gamitin ang negatibo dahil dito sinasabing 'not grow'.

Remember, no matter what the subject in the negative form,

Tandaan, anuman ang paksa sa negatibong anyo,

we say ‘did not’

sinasabi nating 'hindi'

or ‘didn't’.

o 'hindi'.

Then we keep the verb in its base form.

Pagkatapos ay pinapanatili natin ang pandiwa sa batayang anyo nito.

‘We did not grow’ or ‘We didn't grow flowers.’

'Hindi kami tumubo' o 'Hindi kami nagtanim ng mga bulaklak.'

The next sentence says, ‘Where __ you teach last year?’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Saan __ ka nagtuturo noong nakaraang taon?'

This is a question.

Ito ay isang tanong.

Again, all we need to put is ‘did’.

Muli, ang kailangan lang nating ilagay ay 'ginawa'.

‘Where did you teach last year?’

'Saan ka nagturo noong nakaraang taon?'

It doesn't matter what the subject is.

Hindi mahalaga kung ano ang paksa.

We always go with ‘did’.

Lagi kaming sumasama sa 'did'.

Next, try to find the mistake in the next sentence.

Susunod, subukang hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘He didn't sold newspapers.’

'Hindi siya nagbebenta ng mga pahayagan.'

Remember, in the negative, ‘didn't’ is correct for whatever subject there is.

Tandaan, sa negatibo, ang 'hindi' ay tama para sa anumang paksa na mayroon.

However, we need to keep the verb in its base form.

Gayunpaman, kailangan nating panatilihin ang pandiwa sa batayang anyo nito.

So the correct answer is, ‘He didn't sell newspapers.’

Kaya ang tamang sagot ay, 'Hindi siya nagbebenta ng mga pahayagan.'

The next sentence says, ‘Did she sing a song?’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Kumanta ba siya ng isang kanta?'

You'll notice it's a similar problem here.

Mapapansin mo na ito ay isang katulad na problema dito.

‘sang’ is the irregular past tense form of ‘sing’.

Ang 'sang' ay ang irregular past tense form ng 'sing'.

But in a question, if it starts with ‘did’,

Ngunit sa isang tanong, kung ito ay nagsisimula sa 'ginawa',

we use the base form.

ginagamit namin ang base form.

‘Did she sing a song?’

'Kumanta ba siya ng kanta?'

And finally, ‘We taked it home.’

At sa wakas, 'Inuwi namin ito.'

Does that sound right?

Tama ba iyon?

‘taked’ is not correct.

Hindi tama ang 'kinuha'.

The past tense of ‘take’ is ‘took’.

Ang past tense ng 'take' ay 'take'.

‘We took it home.’

'Inuwi namin ito.'

Great job, everyone.

Mahusay na trabaho, lahat.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Wow, we learned a lot in this video.

Wow, marami tayong natutunan sa video na ito.

Keep studying and reviewing the past simple tense.

Patuloy na pag-aralan at suriin ang nakaraang simpleng panahunan.

It's an essential tense that will help you talk about the past.

Ito ay isang mahalagang panahunan na tutulong sa iyo na pag-usapan ang nakaraan.

Keep studying English and I'll see you in the next video.

Ipagpatuloy ang pag-aaral ng Ingles at magkikita-kita tayo sa susunod na video.

Bye. 

Bye.

Hi, everybody.

Kumusta, lahat.

I'm Esther.

Ako si Esther.

In this video.

Sa video na ito.

I will introduce the past continuous tense.

Ipapakilala ko ang past continuous tense.

This tense can be used to describe an action that was ongoing in the past.

Ang panahunan na ito ay maaaring gamitin upang ilarawan ang isang aksyon na nagpapatuloy sa nakaraan.

It can also be used to describe two actions happening at the same time in the past.

Maaari din itong gamitin upang ilarawan ang dalawang aksyon na nangyayari sa parehong oras sa nakaraan.

There's a lot to learn so let's get started.

Maraming dapat matutunan kaya magsimula na tayo.

Let's take a look at the first usage of the past continuous tense.

Tingnan natin ang unang paggamit ng past continuous tense.

This tense can be used to describe an action that was ongoing in the past.

Ang panahunan na ito ay maaaring gamitin upang ilarawan ang isang aksyon na nagpapatuloy sa nakaraan.

Let's take a look at these examples.

Tingnan natin ang mga halimbawang ito.

‘I was walking in the park in the evening.’

'Naglalakad ako sa park sa gabi.'

So first we start with the subject, ‘I’.

Kaya magsisimula muna tayo sa paksang, 'Ako'.

For I, he, she, and it, we follow with ‘was’.

Para ako, siya, siya, at ito, sinusundan namin ng 'was'.

‘I was’

'Ako ay'

And then we add an ‘ING’ to the end of the verb.

At pagkatapos ay nagdaragdag kami ng isang 'ING' sa dulo ng pandiwa.

‘I was walking’

'Naglalakad ako'

Now take a look at the whole sentence.

Ngayon tingnan ang buong pangungusap.

‘I was walking in the park in the evening.’

'Naglalakad ako sa park sa gabi.'

You can see that this was an ongoing action and it happened in the past.

Makikita mo na ito ay isang patuloy na pagkilos at nangyari ito sa nakaraan.

Let's look at the next example.

Tingnan natin ang susunod na halimbawa.

‘She was living here last year.’

'Dito siya nakatira noong nakaraang taon.'

Here, the subject is ‘she’.

Dito, ang paksa ay 'siya'.

So again we use ‘was’ and then ‘verb-ing’.

Kaya muli ginagamit namin ang 'was' at pagkatapos ay 'verb-ing'.

Here we have another expression that shows that this action was happening in the past.

Narito kami ay may isa pang expression na nagpapakita na ang pagkilos na ito ay nangyayari sa nakaraan.

‘The dog,’ or ‘it’, ‘was eating dinner five minutes ago.’

'Ang aso,' o 'ito', 'ay kumakain ng hapunan limang minuto ang nakalipas.'

The subject here is ‘the dog’ which can be replaced by the pronoun ‘it’.

Ang paksa dito ay 'ang aso' na maaaring palitan ng panghalip na 'ito'.

And so we follow with ‘was’.

At kaya sinusundan namin ng 'was'.

And finally, ‘Andy and Jim,’ we can replace this with ‘they’.

At sa wakas, 'Andy at Jim,' maaari nating palitan ito ng 'sila'.

For ‘you’, ‘we’ and ‘they’, we use ‘were’.

Para sa 'ikaw', 'kami' at 'sila', ginagamit namin ang 'ay'.

‘They were’, or ‘Andy and Jim were working at 9:00 p.m.’

'Sila ay', o 'Si Andy at Jim ay nagtatrabaho sa 9:00 pm'

Let's move on.

Magpatuloy tayo.

The past continuous tense is also used to describe an ongoing

Ginagamit din ang past continuous tense upang ilarawan ang isang patuloy

action in the past that was interrupted by another action.

na aksyon sa nakaraan na naantala ng isa pang aksyon.

This interrupting action is used in the past simple tense with the word ‘when’.

Ang nakakaabala na pagkilos na ito ay ginagamit sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan na may salitang 'kailan'.

Let's take a look at this example.

Tingnan natin ang halimbawang ito.

‘I was playing cards when you called.’

'Naglalaro ako ng baraha nang tumawag ka.'

Again we start with the subject ‘was’ or ‘were’,

Muli tayong magsisimula sa paksang 'was' o 'were',

and then ‘verb-ing’,

at pagkatapos ay 'verb-ing',

so this is the action that was ongoing in the past,

kaya ito ang aksyon na nagpapatuloy sa nakaraan,

‘I was playing cards’

'Naglalaro ako ng baraha'

The interrupting action in this sentence is ‘you called’.

Ang nakakagambalang aksyon sa pangungusap na ito ay 'tinawag ka '.

You'll notice I use the word ‘when’ to show the interrupting action’

Mapapansin mong ginagamit ko ang salitang 'kailan' para ipakita ang nakakaabala na aksyon'

And I used it in the past simple tense, ‘called’.

At ginamit ko ito sa nakaraang simpleng panahunan, 'tinatawag'.

Let's take a look at the next sentence.

Tingnan natin ang susunod na pangungusap.

‘The cat' or 'it' was eating when Eric came home.’

'Ang pusa' o 'ito' ay kumakain nang umuwi si Eric.'

Again the action in progress is ‘the cat was eating’.

Muli, ang kasalukuyang aksyon ay 'kumakain ang pusa'.

And ‘Eric came home’, you'll notice the past simple tense.

At 'umuwi si Eric', mapapansin mo ang past simple tense.

This is the interrupting action used with the word ‘when’.

Ito ang nakakaabala na aksyon na ginamit sa salitang 'kapag'.

‘We were sleeping when Anne arrived.’

'Natutulog kami nang dumating si Anne.'

Again we have the ongoing action in the past.

Muli ay mayroon tayong patuloy na pagkilos sa nakaraan.

The subject here is ‘we’.

Ang paksa dito ay 'tayo'.

And so we used ‘were’ and then ‘verb-ing’.

At kaya ginamit namin ang 'were' at pagkatapos ay 'verb-ing'.

‘When Anne arrived’ is the interrupting action.

'Nung dumating si Anne' ang nakakagambalang aksyon.

And finally, ‘Alicia and I’, or ‘We' were walking when we saw Mark.’

At panghuli, 'Kami ni Alicia', o 'Kami' ay naglalakad nang makita namin si Mark.'

‘When we saw Mark’ is the interrupting action that interrupted the ongoing ‘Alicia

'Noong nakita namin si Mark' ay ang nakakagambalang aksyon na humadlang sa patuloy na '

and I were walking’.

Naglalakad kami ni Alicia'.

It's also important to note that we can also switch the order of the sentence around and

Mahalaga ring tandaan na maaari rin nating palitan ang pagkakasunud-sunod ng pangungusap at

say,

sabihing,

‘When you called, I was playing cards,’

'Nang tumawag ka, naglalaro ako ng baraha,'

or ‘When Eric came home, the cat was eating.’

o 'Nang umuwi si Eric, kumakain ang pusa.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Another usage for the past continuous tense is to talk about two actions that were

Ang isa pang paggamit para sa past continuous tense ay ang pag-usapan ang tungkol sa dalawang aksyon na

happening at the same time in the past.

nangyayari sa parehong oras sa nakaraan.

We use the past continuous tense for both actions with the word ‘while’.

Ginagamit namin ang past continuous tense para sa parehong mga aksyon na may salitang 'habang'.

Let's take a look at some examples.

Tingnan natin ang ilang halimbawa.

The first sentence says, ‘While I was playing soccer, she was watching

Ang unang pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Habang naglalaro ako ng soccer, pinapanood niya

me.’

ako.'

You'll notice that both actions are in the past continuous tense.

Mapapansin mo na ang parehong aksyon ay nasa past continuous tense.

‘I was playing soccer’ and ‘She was watching me’.

'Naglalaro ako ng soccer' at 'She was watching me'.

The word ‘while’ at the beginning shows that these actions were happening at the sametime.

Ang salitang 'habang' sa simula ay nagpapakita na ang mga pagkilos na ito ay nangyayari sa parehong oras.

‘While you were reading, I was preparing dinner.’

'Habang nagbabasa ka, naghahanda ako ng hapunan.'

Again both actions are expressed in the past continuous tense.

Muli ang parehong mga aksyon ay ipinahayag sa nakaraang tuloy-tuloy na panahunan.

The word ‘while’ shows that they were happening at the same time.

Ang salitang 'habang' ay nagpapakita na sila ay nangyayari sa parehong oras.

‘While Her husband’ or ‘he’, ‘was driving

'Habang ang kanyang asawa' o 'siya', 'ay nagmamaneho

she was taking pictures.’

ay kumukuha siya ng mga larawan.'

Both actions are in the past continuous tense.

Ang parehong mga aksyon ay nasa past continuous tense.

And finally,

At panghuli,

‘While we were eating, the music was playing.’

'Habang kumakain kami, tumutugtog ang musika.'

Both actions were happening at the same time.

Ang parehong mga aksyon ay nangyayari sa parehong oras.

Now, you'll notice that in my examples the word ‘while’ comes at the beginning,

Ngayon, mapapansin mo na sa aking mga halimbawa ang salitang 'habang' ay dumating sa simula,

however, it's important to note that you can move the word ‘while’ around in several

gayunpaman, mahalagang tandaan na maaari mong ilipat ang salitang 'habang' sa maraming

ways.

paraan.

For example, instead of saying this,

Halimbawa, sa halip na sabihin ito,

‘While I was playing soccer, she was watching me.’

'Habang naglalaro ako ng soccer, pinapanood niya ako.'

I can move ‘while’ to the middle of the sentence.

Maaari kong ilipat 'habang' sa gitna ng pangungusap.

‘I was playing soccer while she was watching me.’

'Naglalaro ako ng soccer habang pinapanood niya ako.'

I can put the ‘while’ between the two actions.

Maaari kong ilagay ang 'habang' sa pagitan ng dalawang aksyon.

Or I can also change the sentence around and say,

O maaari ko ring baguhin ang pangungusap sa paligid at sabihin,

‘While she was watching me, I was playing soccer.’

'Habang pinapanood niya ako, naglalaro ako ng soccer.'

So it doesn't matter which action comes first with the ‘while’ if you put it in the

Kaya hindi mahalaga kung aling aksyon ang mauna sa 'habang' kung ilalagay mo ito sa

beginning.

simula.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now let's talk about the negative form of the past continuous tense.

Ngayon pag-usapan natin ang negatibong anyo ng past continuous tense.

Here are some examples.

Narito ang ilang mga halimbawa.

‘She was not reading last night.’

'Hindi siya nagbabasa kagabi.'

The subject is ‘she’ and so we use ‘was’.

Ang paksa ay 'siya' at kaya ginagamit namin ang 'was'.

However, before the ‘verb-ing’, we add ‘not’.

Gayunpaman, bago ang 'verb-ing', idinagdag namin ang 'hindi'.

‘She was not reading last night.’

'Hindi siya nagbabasa kagabi.'

I can use a contraction and say,

Maaari akong gumamit ng isang contraction at sabihin,

‘She wasn't reading last night.’

'Hindi siya nagbabasa kagabi.'

‘We were not listening to music this morning.’

'Hindi kami nakikinig ng musika kaninang umaga.'

In this case, the subject is ‘we’ and so we use ‘were’.

Sa kasong ito, ang paksa ay 'kami' at kaya't ginagamit namin ang 'ay'.

Again ‘not’ comes before the ‘verb-ing’.

Muli ang 'hindi' ay nauuna sa 'verb-ing'.

‘We were not listening to music this morning.’

'Hindi kami nakikinig ng musika kaninang umaga.'

Again I can use a contraction and say,

Muli ay maaari akong gumamit ng isang contraction at sabihin,

‘We weren't listening to music this morning.’

'Hindi kami nakikinig ng musika kaninang umaga.'

And the next one says, ‘He wasn't watching TV when his dad came

At ang kasunod ay nagsasabing, 'Hindi siya nanonood ng TV nang umuwi ang kanyang ama

home.’

.'

In this example, the contraction is already there for you,

Sa halimbawang ito, nariyan na ang contraction para sa iyo,

‘He wasn't watching TV’.

'Hindi siya nanonood ng TV'.

You'll notice the word ‘when’.

Mapapansin mo ang salitang 'kailan'.

Remember ‘when’ + ‘a past simple tense verb’ shows an interrupting action,

Tandaan ang 'kapag' + 'isang past simple tense verb' ay nagpapakita ng nakakaabala na aksyon,

so, ‘When his dad came home he wasn't watching TV.’

kaya, 'Nang umuwi ang kanyang ama ay hindi siya nanonood ng TV.'

He was doing something else.

May iba siyang ginagawa.

And finally,

At sa wakas,

‘They weren't talking while the game was playing.’

'Hindi sila nag-uusap habang naglalaro.'

The word ‘while’ is in this sentence.

Ang salitang 'habang' ay nasa pangungusap na ito.

Remember that shows 2 past ongoing actions happening at the same time,

Tandaan na nagpapakita iyon ng 2 nakaraang patuloy na pagkilos na nangyayari sa parehong oras,

so ‘While the game was playing they weren't talking’.

kaya 'Habang naglalaro ay hindi sila nag-uusap'.

They were doing something else.

May iba silang ginagawa.

Let's move on now.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Let's talk about how to form ‘be’ verb questions for the past continuous tense.

Pag-usapan natin kung paano bumuo ng 'be' verb questions para sa past continuous tense.

Take a look at the first statement.

Tingnan ang unang pahayag.

It says,

Sabi nito,

‘It was raining this morning.’

'Umuulan kaninang umaga.'

In order to turn this into a question, it's quite easy,

Upang gawing tanong ito, medyo madali,

all we have to do is change the order of the first two words.

ang kailangan lang nating gawin ay baguhin ang pagkakasunud-sunod ng unang dalawang salita.

Instead of ‘It was’, I now say ‘Was it’ to make it a question.

Sa halip na 'Noon', sinasabi ko na ngayon na 'Ito ba' para gawin itong tanong.

You'll notice that the rest of the words stay in the same place.

Mapapansin mo na ang natitirang mga salita ay nananatili sa parehong lugar.

‘Was it raining this morning?’

'Umuulan ba kaninang umaga?'

You can answer by saying, ‘Yes, it was.’ or ‘No, it wasn't.’

Maaari kang sumagot sa pamamagitan ng pagsasabi ng, 'Oo, ito ay.' o 'Hindi, hindi.'

The next statement says,

Ang susunod na pahayag ay nagsasabing,

‘They were living there when the fire happened.’

'Nandoon sila nakatira nang mangyari ang sunog.'

To turn this into a big question, again we just switched the order of the first two words.

Upang gawing isang malaking tanong ito, muli naming inilipat ang pagkakasunud-sunod ng unang dalawang salita.

Instead of ‘They were’, we say ‘Were they’.

Sa halip na 'Sila noon', sinasabi namin 'Sila na'.

And again, the rest of the words can stay in the same place.

At muli, ang natitirang mga salita ay maaaring manatili sa parehong lugar.

‘Were they living there when the fire happened?’

'Doon ba sila nakatira noong nangyari ang sunog?'

And you can answer by saying,

At maaari mong sagutin sa pamamagitan ng pagsasabi ng,

‘Yes, they were’ or ‘No, they weren't.’

'Oo, sila ay' o 'Hindi, sila ay hindi.'

Let's continue on.

Ipagpatuloy natin.

Now I'll go into how to make WH questions for the past continuous tense.

Ngayon ay pupunta ako sa kung paano gumawa ng mga tanong sa WH para sa past continuous tense.

You'll notice that the examples here all begin with some WH words.

Mapapansin mo na ang mga halimbawa dito ay nagsisimula lahat sa ilang WH na salita.

For example, ‘what’, ‘where’, ‘why’, and ‘who’.

Halimbawa, 'ano', 'saan', 'bakit', at 'sino'.

Let's take a look at the first question.

Tingnan natin ang unang tanong.

‘What were they doing last night?”

"Anong ginawa nila kagabi?" +

The subject of this sentence is ‘they’.

Ang paksa ng pangungusap na ito ay 'sila'.

So what you do is after the WH word you put the proper ‘be’ verb.

Kaya ang gagawin mo ay pagkatapos ng salitang WH inilagay mo ang tamang pandiwa na 'maging'.

In this case, ‘were’.

Sa kasong ito, 'ay'.

‘What were they doing last night?’

'Anong ginagawa nila kagabi?'

You'll notice that after the subject comes the ‘verb-ing’.

Mapapansin mo na pagkatapos ng paksa ay dumating ang 'verb-ing'.

‘What were they doing last night?’

'Anong ginagawa nila kagabi?'

I can answer by saying, ‘They were playing games’ or

Maaari akong sumagot sa pamamagitan ng pagsasabing, 'Naglalaro sila' o

‘They were reading a book’.

'Nagbabasa sila ng libro'.

The next question says,

Ang susunod na tanong ay nagsasabing,

‘Where was he working last week?’

'Saan siya nagtatrabaho noong nakaraang linggo?'

In this case the subject is ‘he’ and so the be verb to use is ‘was’.

Sa kasong ito ang paksa ay 'siya' at kaya ang pandiwang gagamitin ay 'was'.

‘Where was he working last week?’

'Saan siya nagtatrabaho noong nakaraang linggo?'

I can say, ‘He was working in Canada.’

Masasabi kong, 'Nagtatrabaho siya sa Canada.'

‘Why was she crying when she finished the book?’

'Bakit siya umiiyak nang matapos niya ang libro?'

In this case, the subject is ‘she’ and so I put ‘was’ after ‘why’.

Sa kasong ito, ang paksa ay 'siya' at kaya't inilagay ko ang 'was' pagkatapos ng 'bakit'.

‘Why was she crying when she finished the book?’

'Bakit siya umiiyak nang matapos niya ang libro?'

I can say, ‘She was crying because the ending was sad.’

Masasabi kong, 'Umiiyak siya kasi ang lungkot ng ending.'

And finally,

At panghuli,

‘Who were the children staying with while their mom was working?’

'Sino ang tinutuluyan ng mga bata habang nagtatrabaho ang kanilang ina?'

In this case, ‘the children’ is a ‘they’

Sa kasong ito, ang 'mga bata' ay isang 'sila'

so we follow 'who' with ‘were’.

kaya't sinusunod namin ang 'sino' ng 'nari'.

‘Who were they’ or

'Sino sila' o

‘Who were the children staying with while their mom was working?’

'Sino ang tinutuluyan ng mga bata habang nagtatrabaho ang kanilang ina?'

To answer, I can say, ‘The children’ or

Para sagutin, masasabi kong, 'Ang mga bata' o

‘They were staying with their dad.’

'Nakatira sila sa kanilang ama.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

In this section, let's do a checkup for the past continuous tense.

Sa seksyong ito, gawin natin ang isang pagsusuri para sa past continuous tense.

Take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan ang unang pangungusap.

‘Last night they were blank at school.’

'Kagabi blangko sila sa school.'

I want you to try to fill in the blank with the negative for the verb ‘stay’.

Gusto kong subukan mong punan ang patlang ng negatibo para sa pandiwa na 'manatili'.

‘not stay’

'not stay'

What do you think it is?

Ano sa tingin mo ito?

Remember, for the negative of the past continuous,

Tandaan, para sa negatibo ng nakaraang tuloy-tuloy,

all you have to do is put ‘not’ and then ‘verb-ing’ after the 'be' verb.

ang kailangan mo lang gawin ay ilagay ang 'not' at pagkatapos ay 'verb-ing' pagkatapos ng 'be' verb.

‘They were not staying at school last.’

'Hindi sila huling nag-stay sa paaralan.'

‘Last night, they were not staying at school.’

'Kagabi, hindi sila tumutuloy sa school.'

The next sentence says,

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing,

‘Two days ago you blank soccer.’

'Dalawang araw ang nakalipas, blangko ka sa soccer.'

Again try the negative for the verb ‘play’.

Subukan muli ang negatibo para sa pandiwa na 'play'.

‘Two days ago blank not play soccer.’

'Dalawang araw ang nakalipas blangko hindi naglalaro ng soccer.'

In this case, the first thing that's missing is the ‘be’ verb.

Sa kasong ito, ang unang bagay na nawawala ay ang 'be' verb.

If the subject is ‘you’, can you think of which be verb needs to be put in there?

Kung ang paksa ay 'ikaw', maiisip mo ba kung aling pandiwa ang kailangang ilagay doon?

The correct answer is ‘were’.

Ang tamang sagot ay 'ay'.

And then, we say ‘not’.

At pagkatapos, sasabihin namin 'hindi'.

What happens after that?

Ano ang mangyayari pagkatapos nito?

Remember, ‘verb-ing’.

Tandaan, 'verb-ing'.

So ‘you were not playing’

Kaya 'hindi ka naglalaro'

‘two days ago, you were not playing soccer’

'dalawang araw na ang nakalipas, hindi ka naglalaro ng soccer'

You can also use a contraction and say,

Maaari ka ring gumamit ng contraction at sabihing,

‘You weren't playing soccer.’

'Hindi ka naglalaro ng soccer.'

Now try to find the mistake in the next sentence.

Ngayon subukang hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘Yesterday, she were reading at home.’

'Kahapon, nagbabasa siya sa bahay.'

hmmm

hmmm

The subject of this sentence is ‘she’ so the ‘be’ verb to use is not ‘were’.

Ang paksa ng pangungusap na ito ay 'siya' kaya ang pandiwang 'maging' na gagamitin ay hindi 'were'.

It's 'was'.

Ito ay 'noon'.

‘Yesterday, she was reading at home.’

'Kahapon, nagbabasa siya sa bahay.'

In the next sentence it says, ‘Tomorrow, they were seeing their friends.’

Sa susunod na pangungusap ay sinasabi nito, 'Bukas, nakita nila ang kanilang mga kaibigan.'

hmmm

hmmm

‘They’ and ‘were’

'Sila' at 'ay'

That's correct.

Tama.

And we have the ‘verb-ing’

At mayroon tayong 'verb-ing'

So what's the mistake?

Kaya ano ang pagkakamali?

Remember the past continuous is for the past.

Tandaan na ang past continuous ay para sa nakaraan.

‘Tomorrow’ is not the past.

Ang 'Bukas' ay hindi nakaraan.

So instead, we need to put a word that shows the past.

Kaya sa halip, kailangan nating maglagay ng salita na nagpapakita ng nakaraan.

For example, I can say, ‘yesterday’.

Halimbawa, masasabi kong, 'kahapon'.

‘Yesterday, they were seeing their friends.’

'Kahapon, nagkikita sila ng mga kaibigan nila.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now, let's start a checkup of the ‘when’ usage

Ngayon, simulan natin ang pagsusuri sa 'kailan' paggamit

of the past continuous tense.

ng past continuous tense.

Take a look at the first example.

Tingnan ang unang halimbawa.

It says, ‘Andrea and John’ blank when they bank hurt.’

Nakalagay, 'Andrea at John' blangko kapag nasaktan sila sa bangko.'

Remember ‘when’ shows an interrupting action.

Tandaan ang 'kailan' ay nagpapakita ng nakakaabala na pagkilos.

It needs to be used with the past simple tense.

Kailangan itong gamitin sa past simple tense.

So let's first look at the second blank.

Kaya tingnan muna natin ang pangalawang blangko.

‘When they blank hurt’

'When they blank hurt'

What's the past tense of the verb ‘get’?

Ano ang past tense ng verb na 'get'?

The answer is ‘got’.

Ang sagot ay 'nakuha'.

Now let's take a look at the action that was in progress in the past.

Ngayon tingnan natin ang aksyon na kasalukuyang isinasagawa sa nakaraan.

‘Andrea and John’ or ‘they’

'Andrea at John' o 'sila'

Well what comes after ‘they’?

Well what comes after 'they'?

‘were’.

'ay'.

‘Andrea and John were’

'Andrea and John were'

Then remember we need to add -ing to the verb.

Pagkatapos ay tandaan na kailangan nating magdagdag ng -ing sa pandiwa.

‘They were skiing’ or ‘Andrea and John were skiing when they got hurt’.

'Nag-i-ski sila' o 'Nag-i-ski sina Andrea at John nang masaktan sila'.

The next example says, ‘It blank not raining when the game blank’.

Ang susunod na halimbawa ay nagsasabing, 'Blanko hindi umuulan kapag blangko ang laro'.

And I want you to use the verb ‘start’ for the second blank.

At gusto kong gamitin mo ang pandiwa na 'simula' para sa pangalawang blangko.

Take a look ‘when the game blank’ what's the past tense of ‘start’?

Tingnan kung 'kapag blangko ang laro' ano ang past tense ng 'start'?

‘started’

'nagsimula'

Now let's look at the first part of the sentence.

Ngayon tingnan natin ang unang bahagi ng pangungusap.

The subject is ‘it’.

Ang paksa ay 'ito'.

So what ‘be’ verb do we use for 'it'?

Kaya anong 'be' verb ang ginagamit natin para sa 'it'?

‘was’

'ay'

‘It was not raining when the game started.’

'Hindi umuulan nang magsimula ang laro.'

Now find the mistake in the next sentence.

Ngayon hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘I wasn't study at the library yesterday’.

'Hindi ako nag-aaral sa library kahapon'.

The subject here is ‘I’ and so the ‘be’ verb ‘was’ is correct.

Ang paksa dito ay 'I' at kaya ang 'be' verb 'was' ay tama.

Here there's a contraction, ‘I wasn't’ for ‘I was not’.

Dito may contraction, 'I wasn't' para 'I was not'.

Now the problem is with the verb.

Ngayon ang problema ay sa pandiwa.

Remember we need to put ‘–ing’ at the end of the verb.

Tandaan na kailangan nating ilagay ang '–ing' sa dulo ng pandiwa.

‘I wasn't studying at the library yesterday.’

'Hindi ako nag-aaral sa library kahapon.'

And finally, ‘We did meet our friends last weekend.’

At sa wakas, 'Nakilala namin ang aming mga kaibigan noong nakaraang katapusan ng linggo.'

That sounds right, but remember we're doing the past continuous tense.

Tama iyon, ngunit tandaan na ginagawa natin ang past continuous tense.

Take a look again.

Tingnan mo ulit.

The subject is ‘we’.

Ang paksa ay 'tayo'.

We need a ‘be’ verb.

Kailangan natin ng 'be' verb.

‘were’

'Were'

Then what happens?

Tapos anong nangyari?

Remember, we need to add an ‘-ing’ to the end of the verb,

Tandaan, kailangan nating magdagdag ng '-ing' sa dulo ng pandiwa,

so we take out ‘did’ and say, ‘We were meeting our friends last weekend.’

kaya't kinuha natin ang 'ginawa' at sasabihing, 'Nagkita kami ng aming mga kaibigan noong nakaraang katapusan ng linggo.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now, for this checkup, we'll look at the ‘while’ usage of the past continuous tense.

Ngayon, para sa pagsusuring ito, titingnan natin ang 'habang' paggamit ng past continuous tense.

Take a look at the first example.

Tingnan ang unang halimbawa.

‘While I blank someone blank my bike.’

'Habang blangko ko ang isang taong blangko ang aking bike.'

When we use ‘while’ in the past continuous tense,

Kapag ginamit namin ang 'habang' sa nakaraang tuloy-tuloy na panahunan,

we're showing that two actions happened at the same time in the past

ipinapakita namin na dalawang aksyon ang nangyari sa parehong oras sa nakaraan

or they were happening at the same time in the past.

o ang mga ito ay nangyayari sa parehong oras sa nakaraan.

So we need to use the past continuous for both actions.

Kaya kailangan nating gamitin ang nakaraang tuloy-tuloy para sa parehong mga aksyon.

‘While I blank’

'Habang blangko ako'

I want you to use ‘shop’ in the first blank.

gusto kong gamitin mo ang 'shop' sa unang blangko.

Remember, the subject here is ‘I’ so I need to use the ‘be’ verb ‘was’.

Tandaan, ang paksa dito ay 'I' kaya kailangan kong gamitin ang 'be' verb 'was'.

Then ‘verb-ing’.

Pagkatapos ay 'verb-ing'.

‘While I was shopping’

'Habang ako ay namimili'

Now ‘someone’ can be a ‘he’ or ‘she’.

Ngayon ang 'isang tao' ay maaaring maging isang 'siya' o 'siya'.

Therefore, again we need to use ‘was’

Samakatuwid, muli kailangan nating gumamit ng 'was'

and then the ‘verb-ing’ of ‘steal’.

at pagkatapos ay ang 'verb-ing' ng 'steal'.

‘While I was shopping, someone was stealing my bike.’

'Habang namimili ako, may nagnanakaw ng bike ko.'

The next sentence says,

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing,

‘While he blank’

'Habang siya ay blangko'

I want you to use the verb ‘cook’.

Gusto kong gamitin mo ang pandiwa na 'magluto'.

The subject is ‘he’ and so I need to use ‘was cooking’.

Ang paksa ay 'siya' at kaya kailangan kong gumamit ng 'nagluluto'.

‘While he was cooking, his girlfriend was cleaning.’

'Habang nagluluto siya, naglilinis ang girlfriend niya.'

Did you get that?

nakuha mo ba yun?

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Try to find the mistake in the next sentence.

Subukang hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘Jane was looking for us while we get off the plane.’

'Hinahanap tayo ni Jane habang pababa tayo ng eroplano.'

The first part of the sentence is correct.

Ang unang bahagi ng pangungusap ay tama.

‘Jane was looking’

'Naghahanap si Jane'

Now the second part of the sentence.

Ngayon ang pangalawang bahagi ng pangungusap.

Notice it's not in the past continuous tense.

Pansinin na wala ito sa past continuous tense.

‘While we get off the plane’

'Habang bumababa tayo sa eroplano'

So what we need to do is say, ‘were getting’.

Kaya ang kailangan nating gawin ay sabihin, 'nakakakuha'.

‘Jane was looking for us while we were getting off the plane.’

'Hinahanap tayo ni Jane habang pababa tayo ng eroplano.'

The next sentence says, 'I was watching TV while my wife sleep’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Nanunuod ako ng TV habang natutulog ang aking asawa'

Again this part of the sentence did not use the past continuous tense.

Muli itong bahagi ng pangungusap ay hindi gumamit ng past continuous tense.

My wife is a ‘she’ and so I need to say ‘was sleeping’.

Ang aking asawa ay isang 'siya' at kaya kailangan kong sabihin na 'natutulog'.

‘I was watching TV while my wife was sleeping.’

'Nanonood ako ng TV habang natutulog ang asawa ko.'

Great job, everyone.

Mahusay na trabaho, lahat.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Good job, everybody in learning the past  

Good job, everyone in learning the past

continuous tense.

continuous tense.

This tense can be a little difficult and a little tricky.

Ang panahunan na ito ay maaaring medyo mahirap at medyo nakakalito.

Especially when it comes to the ‘when’ and ‘while’ usage.

Lalo na pagdating sa 'kailan' at 'habang' paggamit.

It'll take some practice to really master it, but I know you can do it.

Kakailanganin ng ilang pagsasanay upang talagang mabisa ito, ngunit alam kong magagawa mo ito.

Keep studying English and I'll see you in the next video. 

Ipagpatuloy ang pag-aaral ng Ingles at magkikita-kita tayo sa susunod na video.

Hi, everybody.

Kumusta, lahat.

I'm Esther.

Ako si Esther.

In this video, I will introduce the past perfect tense.

Sa video na ito, ipapakilala ko ang past perfect tense.

This tense is used to describe an action that took place at a specific time in the past.

Ang panahunan na ito ay ginagamit upang ilarawan ang isang aksyon na naganap sa isang tiyak na oras sa nakaraan.

This tense can be a little tricky, but don't worry I will guide you through it.

Ang panahunan na ito ay maaaring medyo nakakalito, ngunit huwag mag-alala gagabayan kita nito.

There's so much to learn and it's a very important tense.

Napakaraming dapat matutunan at ito ay isang napakahalagang panahunan.

So keep watching.

Kaya patuloy na manood.

Let's take a look at the first usage of the past perfect tense.

Tingnan natin ang unang paggamit ng past perfect tense.

This tense can be used to describe an action in the past

Ang panahunan na ito ay maaaring gamitin upang ilarawan ang isang aksyon sa nakaraan

that happened before another action in the past.

na nangyari bago ang isa pang aksyon sa nakaraan.

Here are some examples.

Narito ang ilang mga halimbawa.

‘I have visited China before I moved there.’

'Nakabisita na ako sa China bago ako lumipat doon.'

No matter what the subject you follow with ‘had’,

Kahit ano pang subject ang sundan mo ng 'may',

So that's easy.

Kaya madali lang.

‘I had’ ‘Steve had’

'Mayroon akong' 'Meron si Steve'

‘The plane had’ and ‘We had’.

'Mayroon ang eroplano' at 'Meron kami'.

Then, we follow with the past participle of the verb.

Pagkatapos, sinusundan natin ang past participle ng pandiwa.

In this case, it's ‘visited’.

Sa kasong ito, ito ay 'binisita'.

‘I had visited China.’

'Nakabisita ako sa China.'

Now you'll notice that the second verb is in the past simple tense.

Ngayon ay mapapansin mo na ang pangalawang pandiwa ay nasa past simple tense.

‘I moved there.’

'Lumipat ako doon.'

And I'll talk about that a little bit more later on.

At pag-uusapan ko iyan ng kaunti pa mamaya.

‘Steve had bought the book.’

'Binili ni Steve ang libro.'

Again, ‘subject’, ‘had’ and ‘past participle’.

Muli, 'paksa', 'mayroon' at 'nakaraang participle'.

In this case, the verb is ‘buy’.

Sa kasong ito, ang pandiwa ay 'bumili'.

‘Steve had bought the book before he read it.’

'Binili ni Steve ang libro bago niya ito binasa.'

Again, we have the simple tense of ‘read’ which is ‘read’.

Muli, mayroon tayong simpleng panahunan ng 'read' na 'read'.

And finally, ‘The plane had left by the time I got to the airport.’

At sa wakas, 'Umalis na ang eroplano nang makarating ako sa airport.'

Again, the first part of this sentence is in the past perfect tense.

Muli, ang unang bahagi ng pangungusap na ito ay nasa past perfect tense.

‘The plane had left’.

'Umalis na ang eroplano'.

This is the past participle of ‘leave’.

Ito ang past participle ng 'leave'.

The second verb says, ‘I got to the airport.’

Ang pangalawang pandiwa ay nagsasabing, 'Nakarating ako sa paliparan.'

‘got’ is the past tense of ‘get’.

Ang 'nakuha' ay ang past tense ng 'get'.

Now what these three sentences have in common is that you'll see, ‘before’.

Ngayon kung ano ang pagkakatulad ng tatlong pangungusap na ito ay makikita mo, 'noon'.

‘before’ or ‘by the time’.

'bago' o 'sa oras'.

They all mean the same thing.

Pareho silang lahat ng ibig sabihin.

The verb that is in the past perfect tense happened first.

Unang nangyari ang pandiwa na nasa past perfect tense.

The verb that's in the past simple tense happen after.

Ang pandiwa na nasa past simple tense ay nangyayari pagkatapos.

So again, for the first example.

Kaya muli, para sa unang halimbawa.

‘before I move there’ That happened later.

'bago ako lumipat dun' Nangyari yun mamaya.

Before that, ‘I had already visited China.’

Bago iyon, 'Nakabisita na ako sa China.'

Do you understand how that works?

Naiintindihan mo ba kung paano ito gumagana?

Let's take a look at the last example.

Tingnan natin ang huling halimbawa.

‘When they arrived, we had already started the game.’

'Pagdating nila, nagsimula na kami sa laro.'

So maybe they were late or something had happened.

Kaya siguro na-late sila o may nangyari.

But ‘When they arrived’, this is the past simple tense.

Pero 'Pagdating nila', ito ang past simple tense.

So this happened second.

Kaya pangalawa ang nangyari.

‘We had already started the game.’

'Nasimulan na namin ang laro.'

This action had already started.

Nagsimula na ang pagkilos na ito.

It started before this action.

Nagsimula ito bago ang pagkilos na ito.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Earlier I mentioned that the past perfect tense can be used to describe an action

Nauna kong nabanggit na ang past perfect tense ay maaaring gamitin upang ilarawan ang isang aksyon

that happened in the past before another action in the past.

na nangyari sa nakaraan bago ang isa pang aksyon sa nakaraan.

We can do the same thing but also emphasize the duration.

Maaari naming gawin ang parehong bagay ngunit din bigyang-diin ang tagal.

How long that first action happened.

Gaano katagal nangyari ang unang pagkilos na iyon.

We do this by using four and a duration.

Ginagawa namin ito sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng apat at isang tagal.

Let's take a look.

Tignan natin.

‘I had owned my computer for two months before it broke.’

'Dalawang buwan kong pagmamay-ari ang aking computer bago ito nasira.'

This is very similar to the first usage.

Ito ay halos kapareho sa unang paggamit.

‘I had’ and the past participle of the verb.

'I had' at ang past participle ng pandiwa.

This part shows the action that happened earlier in the past.

Ang bahaging ito ay nagpapakita ng aksyon na nangyari kanina sa nakaraan.

The second part, ‘it broke’.

Ang pangalawang bahagi, 'nabasag'.

The past simple tense verb shows the action in the past

Ang past simple tense verb ay nagpapakita ng aksyon sa nakaraan

that happened later than the first action.

na nangyari sa huli kaysa sa unang aksyon.

However, you'll notice that this sentence has a duration, ‘for two months’.

Gayunpaman, mapapansin mo na ang pangungusap na ito ay may tagal, 'sa loob ng dalawang buwan'.

‘I had owned my computer for two months before it broke.’

'Dalawang buwan kong pagmamay-ari ang aking computer bago ito nasira.'

All I'm doing here is showing how long the first action had been true.

Ang ginagawa ko lang dito ay ipinapakita kung gaano katagal naging totoo ang unang aksyon.

Let's take a look at the next example.

Tingnan natin ang susunod na halimbawa.

‘Jim had been lonely for a long time until he got a puppy.’

'Matagal nang nag-iisa si Jim hanggang sa magkaroon siya ng tuta.'

Again, we have subject ‘had’, past participle.

Muli, mayroon tayong paksang 'may', past participle.

And then we have the past simple ‘he got a puppy’.

At pagkatapos ay mayroon kaming nakaraang simpleng 'nakakuha siya ng isang tuta'.

All we're doing here is emphasizing how long first action had been true.

Ang ginagawa lang namin dito ay binibigyang-diin kung gaano katagal naging totoo ang unang aksyon.

He had been lonely for a long time.

Matagal na siyang nag-iisa.

That is until the later action, ‘he got a puppy.’

Iyon ay hanggang sa susunod na aksyon, 'nakakuha siya ng isang tuta.'

And finally, ‘She and I had been friends for many years before she became my wife.’

At sa wakas, 'Siya at ako ay naging magkaibigan nang maraming taon bago ko siya naging asawa.'

The first part of the sentence is the past perfect.

Ang unang bahagi ng pangungusap ay past perfect.

It happened before she became my wife.

Nangyari ito bago ko siya naging asawa.

But I want to explain how long that had been true for many years.

Ngunit gusto kong ipaliwanag kung gaano katagal iyon naging totoo sa loob ng maraming taon.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now I'll introduce how to form the negative in the past perfect tense.

Ngayon ipapakilala ko kung paano bumuo ng negatibo sa nakaraang perpektong panahunan.

Take a look at the board.

Tingnan mo ang board.

The first sentence says, ‘I had not eaten at the restaurant before I went yesterday.’

Ang unang pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Hindi pa ako kumakain sa restaurant bago ako pumunta kahapon.'

Again, we have the past perfect tense here and the past simple tense here.

Muli, mayroon tayong past perfect tense dito at past simple tense dito.

This one is the action that happened earlier in the past

Ang isang ito ay ang aksyon na nangyari kanina sa nakaraan

And this one over here is the action that happened later in the past.

At ang isang dito ay ang aksyon na nangyari sa nakaraan sa nakaraan.

However, because this is the negative, what I'm going to do is add a 'not' between

Gayunpaman, dahil ito ang negatibo, ang gagawin ko ay magdagdag ng 'hindi' sa pagitan

the ‘had’ and the past participle of the verb.

ng 'nagkaroon' at ng nakaraang participle ng pandiwa.

So I say, ‘I have not eaten’.

Kaya sabi ko, 'Hindi pa ako kumakain'.

Or I can use the contraction

O maaari kong gamitin ang contraction

and say, ‘I hadn't eaten at the restaurant before I went yesterday.’

at sabihin, 'Hindi pa ako kumakain sa restaurant bago ako pumunta kahapon.'

The next sentence is very similar.’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay halos magkatulad.'

‘She had not been to the circus before she went last week.’

'Hindi siya nakapunta sa sirko bago siya pumunta noong nakaraang linggo.'

Here's the action that happened earlier in the past,

Narito ang aksyon na nangyari kanina sa nakaraan,

and here's the action that happened later in the past.

at narito ang aksyon na nangyari mamaya sa nakaraan.

However, again, because it's negative,

Gayunpaman, muli, dahil ito ay negatibo,

I put a 'not' between ‘had’ and the past participle of the verb.

naglagay ako ng 'hindi' sa pagitan ng 'may' at ang nakalipas na participle ng pandiwa.

Also, I can use the contraction and say, ‘She hadn't been to the circus.’

Gayundin, maaari kong gamitin ang contraction at sabihin, 'Hindi siya nakapunta sa sirko.'

The next sentence says,

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing,

‘The cat hadn't chased the bird for very long before it flew away.’

'Matagal nang hindi hinabol ng pusa ang ibon bago ito lumipad.'

Remember, we can show duration,

Tandaan, maaari naming ipakita ang tagal,

or how long the first action was true.

o kung gaano katagal naging totoo ang unang pagkilos.

by using 'for' and a duration.

sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng 'para sa' at isang tagal.

Because this is the negative form,

Dahil ito ang negatibong anyo,

again, I use 'had not' after the subject and before the past participle of the verb

muli, ginagamit ko ang 'wala pa' pagkatapos ng paksa at bago ang past participle ng pandiwa

In this case, the contraction ‘hadn't’ is already there for you.

Sa kasong ito, ang contraction na 'wala' ay nariyan na para sa iyo.

‘We hadn't known each other for three months before we married.’

'Tatlong buwan na kaming hindi magkakilala bago kami ikasal.'

That's a pretty short time.

Medyo maikling panahon iyon.

It shows the duration by saying ‘for’, How long?

Ipinapakita nito ang tagal sa pamamagitan ng pagsasabi ng 'para sa', Gaano katagal?

‘three months’

'three months'

Let's move on.

Let's move on.

Now, let's take a look at questions using ‘had’ in the past perfect tense.

Ngayon, tingnan natin ang mga tanong gamit ang 'may' sa past perfect tense.

Take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan ang unang pangungusap.

It says, ‘She had eaten lunch by noon.’

Sinasabi nito, 'Kumain na siya ng tanghalian.'

Now, to turn this into a question is quite easy.

Ngayon, ang gawing tanong ito ay medyo madali.

All you have to do is change the order of the first two words.

Ang kailangan mo lang gawin ay baguhin ang pagkakasunud-sunod ng unang dalawang salita.

So instead of ‘she had’, we say ‘Had she’.

Kaya imbes na 'mayroon siya', sinasabi nating 'Nakaroon siya'.

‘Had she eaten lunch by noon?’

'Kumain na ba siya ng tanghalian?'

You can say, ‘Yes, she had.’

Maaari mong sabihin, 'Oo, mayroon siya.'

or ‘No, she hadn't.’

o 'Hindi, hindi niya ginawa.'

The next sentence says, ‘It had rained before they left.’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Umuulan bago sila umalis.'

Again simply switched the order of the first two words.

Muli ay pinalitan lamang ang pagkakasunud-sunod ng unang dalawang salita.

Instead of ‘It had’, say ‘Had it’ to make a question.

Sa halip na 'It had', sabihin 'Had it' para magtanong.

‘Had it rained before they left?’

'Umuulan ba bago sila umalis?'

To reply you can say, ‘Yes, it had.’

Upang tumugon maaari mong sabihing, 'Oo, mayroon na.'

or ‘No, it hadn't.’

o 'Hindi, hindi nangyari.'

Let's move on now.

Mag-move on na tayo.

I'll go into how to form ‘WH’ questions in the past perfect tense.

Pupunta ako sa kung paano bumuo ng mga tanong na 'WH' sa past perfect tense.

Let's take a look.

Tignan natin.

Here we see at the beginning of each question a 'WH' word.

Dito makikita natin sa simula ng bawat tanong ang salitang 'WH'.

‘where’, ‘who’, ‘what’, and ‘how’.

'saan', 'sino', 'ano', at 'paano'.

Let's take a look at the first question.

Tingnan natin ang unang tanong.

‘Where had he traveled before?’

'Saan siya naglakbay dati?'

You'll notice that after each ‘WH’ word, we have ‘had’.

Mapapansin mo na pagkatapos ng bawat salitang 'WH', mayroon tayong 'may'.

And then the subject and then the past participle of the verb.

At pagkatapos ay ang paksa at pagkatapos ay ang past participle ng pandiwa.

‘Where had he traveled before?’

'Saan siya naglakbay dati?'

The next question says, ‘Who had she talked to before?’

Ang susunod na tanong ay nagsasabing, 'Sino ang nakausap niya noon?'

This is the same thing the ‘WH’ word

Ito ang parehong bagay sa salitang 'WH'

‘had she’ and then the past participle.

na 'may kanya' at pagkatapos ay ang past participle.

You'll notice here that we have the word ‘before’, but we didn't write a specific point in time.

Mapapansin mo dito na mayroon kaming salitang 'noon', ngunit hindi kami sumulat ng isang tiyak na punto sa oras.

If you see that it simply means before now.

Kung nakikita mo na ang ibig sabihin noon ay ngayon.

The next question says, ‘What had he eaten before lunch?’

Ang susunod na tanong ay nagsasabing, 'Ano ang nakain niya bago ang tanghalian?'

Again we follow the same formula, however, here it says ‘lunch for you'.

Muli naming sinusunod ang parehong pormula, gayunpaman, dito nakasulat ang 'tanghalian para sa iyo'.

The last one says,

Ang sabi ng huli,

‘How long had she known him before she dated him?’

'Gaano katagal niya nakilala siya bago niya ito nakipag-date?'

Again how long ‘had’ + ‘subject’ and then the past participle.

Muli kung gaano katagal 'may' + 'paksa' at pagkatapos ay ang past participle.

Let's take a look at how  to answer these questions.

Tingnan natin kung paano sasagutin ang mga tanong na ito.

‘Where had he traveled before?’

'Saan siya naglakbay dati?'

‘He had traveled to Europe.’

'Naglakbay siya sa Europa.'

is one possible answer.

ay isang posibleng sagot.

‘Who had she talked to before?’

'Sino ang nakausap niya noon?'

Here I can say, ‘She had talked to her brother.’

Dito ko masasabi, 'Nakipag-usap siya sa kanyang kapatid.'

‘What had he eaten before lunch?’

'Ano ang nakain niya bago ang tanghalian?'

‘He had eaten sushi before lunch.’

'Kumain siya ng sushi bago ang tanghalian.'

And finally, ‘How long had she known him before she dated him?’

At panghuli, 'Gaano katagal niya nakilala siya bago niya ito nakipag-date?'

‘She had known him for three years.’

'Nakilala niya siya sa loob ng tatlong taon.'

That is one possible answer.

Iyon ay isang posibleng sagot.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now let's take a look at some practice exercises for the basic usage of the past perfect tense.

Ngayon tingnan natin ang ilang pagsasanay na pagsasanay para sa pangunahing paggamit ng past perfect tense.

Take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan ang unang pangungusap.

‘I blank for six hours before I had a break.’

'Blanko ako ng anim na oras bago ako magpahinga.'

The verb here is ‘work’.

Ang pandiwa dito ay 'trabaho'.

Remember, we need to say ‘I had’.

Tandaan, kailangan nating sabihin ang 'I had'.

No matter what the subject is, say ‘had’.

Anuman ang paksa, sabihin ang 'nagkaroon'.

And then, you take the past participle of the verb.

At pagkatapos, kunin mo ang past participle ng pandiwa.

In this case, we would say ‘worked’.

Sa kasong ito, sasabihin naming 'nagtrabaho'.

‘I had worked for six hours before I had a break.’

'Nagtrabaho ako ng anim na oras bago ako nagpahinga.'

For the next sentence, I want you to try the negative form.

Para sa susunod na pangungusap, gusto kong subukan mo ang negatibong anyo.

‘We blank TV before we listened to the radio.’

'Blanko namin ang TV bago kami nakinig sa radyo.'

Remember, for the negative form, we say ‘had not’

Tandaan, para sa negatibong anyo, sinasabi namin ang 'wala pa'

or we use the contraction, ‘hadn't’.

o ginagamit namin ang contraction, 'hindi pa'.

‘We hadn’t’.

'Hindi namin ginawa'.

And then, we need the past participle.

At pagkatapos, kailangan natin ang past participle.

‘We hadn't watched TV before we listened to the radio.’

'Hindi kami nanonood ng TV bago kami nakinig sa radyo.'

Now find the mistake in the next sentence.

Ngayon hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘Reggie had it be to Mexico before he went to Peru.’

'Si Reggie ay pumunta sa Mexico bago siya pumunta sa Peru.'

Well, we have the subject here and for the negative, ‘hadn't’ is correct.

Well, mayroon kaming paksa dito at para sa negatibo, 'hindi' ay tama.

However, we need the past participle of the verb ‘be’.

Gayunpaman, kailangan natin ang past participle ng pandiwa na 'be'.

So the correct answer is,

Kaya ang tamang sagot ay,

‘Reggie hadn't been to Mexico before he went to Peru.’

'Hindi pa nakapunta si Reggie sa Mexico bago siya pumunta sa Peru.'

And finally, ‘Sally and Jan or they had do their job.’

At sa wakas, 'Sally at Jan o ginawa nila ang kanilang trabaho.'

Hmm.

Hmm.

Remember, we need the past participle.

Tandaan, kailangan natin ang past participle.

We don't say do.

Hindi namin sinasabing gawin.

We say ‘done’.

Sabi namin 'tapos na'.

‘Sally and Jan had done their job before they watched TV.’

'Ginawa na nina Sally at Jan ang kanilang trabaho bago sila manood ng TV.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

In this checkup, we'll take a look at some practice exercises

Sa pagsusuring ito, titingnan natin ang ilang pagsasanay

for the past perfect tense that describes how long.

para sa past perfect tense na naglalarawan kung gaano katagal.

Let's take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan natin ang unang pangungusap.

‘You blank at the park for three hours before you came home.’

'Blanko ka sa park sa loob ng tatlong oras bago ka umuwi.'

Remember, we start with the subject and then ‘had’.

Tandaan, nagsisimula tayo sa paksa at pagkatapos ay 'nagkaroon'.

So I'm going to add that here,

Kaya idadagdag ko iyon dito,

then we need the past participle of the verb ‘be’.

pagkatapos ay kailangan natin ang past participle ng pandiwa na 'maging'.

And that is ‘been’.

At iyon ay 'naging'.

‘You had been at the park for three hours before you came home.’

'Tatlong oras ka na sa parke bago ka umuwi.'

The next sentence says,

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing,

‘They blank for six hours before they took a break.’

'Blanko sila sa loob ng anim na oras bago sila magpahinga.'

Again, no matter what the subject, we have ‘had’ and then the past participle.

Muli, kahit na ano ang paksa, mayroon tayong 'mayroon' at pagkatapos ay ang past participle.

So the answer is,

Kaya ang sagot ay,

‘They had studied for six hours before they took a break.’

'Nag-aral sila ng anim na oras bago sila nagpahinga.'

Now, find the mistake in the next sentence.

Ngayon, hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

It's a little bit longer so it might take you a while.

Medyo mahaba pa kaya baka matagalan ka.

‘They had been known each other for ten years before they had their first fight.’

'Sampung taon na silang magkakilala bago sila nagkaroon ng kanilang unang laban.'

Can you find the mistake?

Maaari mong mahanap ang pagkakamali?

Well, we have the subject and ‘had’, but check this out.

Well, mayroon kaming paksa at 'nagkaroon', ngunit tingnan ito.

There are two past participles here.

Mayroong dalawang past participle dito.

We need to get rid of one of them.

Kailangan nating alisin ang isa sa kanila.

We can take out this verb and say, ‘They had known each other for ten years

Maaari nating alisin ang pandiwang ito at sabihin, 'Sampung taon na silang magkakilala

before they had their first fight.’

bago sila nagkaroon ng kanilang unang laban.'

The next sentence says, ‘I have played soccer for many years before I scored my first goal.’

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Naglaro ako ng soccer sa loob ng maraming taon bago ako nakapuntos ng aking unang layunin.'

This sentence doesn't look wrong at first.

Ang pangungusap na ito ay hindi mukhang mali sa una.

But remember, in the past perfect tense, we need to say ‘had’.

Ngunit tandaan, sa past perfect tense, kailangan nating sabihin na 'may'.

‘I had played soccer for many years before I scored my first goal.’

'Naglaro ako ng soccer sa loob ng maraming taon bago ko naiiskor ang aking unang layunin.'

Good job, everybody.

Magandang trabaho, lahat.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Great job, everyone.

Mahusay na trabaho, lahat.

Now you have a better understanding of the past perfect tense.

Ngayon ay mayroon kang mas mahusay na pag-unawa sa past perfect tense.

I know it can be a little difficult but keep studying,

Alam kong medyo mahirap pero patuloy kang mag-aral,

and keep practicing, and you will get better.

at patuloy na magsanay, at gagaling ka.

I know studying English is not easy but with time and effort,

Alam kong hindi madali ang pag-aaral ng Ingles ngunit sa oras at pagsisikap,

I know you'll master it.

alam kong madarama mo ito.

Thank you so much for watching and I'll see you in the next video.

Maraming salamat sa panonood at magkikita-kita tayo sa susunod na video.

Hi, everybody.

Kumusta, lahat.

I'm Esther.

Ako si Esther.

In this video, I will introduce the past perfect continuous tense.

Sa video na ito, ipakikilala ko ang past perfect continuous tense.

It's a great tense that helps you express an ongoing action

Ito ay isang mahusay na panahunan na tumutulong sa iyong ipahayag ang isang patuloy na pagkilos

in the past continuing up to another point in the past.

sa nakaraan na nagpapatuloy hanggang sa isa pang punto sa nakaraan.

There's a lot to learn, so keep watching.

Maraming dapat matutunan, kaya patuloy na manood.

One usage of the past perfect continuous tense is to talk about an ongoing action in the

Ang isang paggamit ng past perfect continuous tense ay ang pag-usapan ang tungkol sa isang patuloy na aksyon sa

past that continued up to another point in the

nakaraan na nagpatuloy hanggang sa isa pang punto sa

past.

nakaraan.

You can use ‘for’ and a duration to talk about

Maaari mong gamitin ang 'para sa' at isang tagal upang pag-usapan kung

how long that action was in progress.

gaano katagal ang pagkilos na iyon ay isinasagawa.

Here are some examples.

Narito ang ilang mga halimbawa.

‘I had been waiting for the bus for two hours before it arrived.’

'Dalawang oras na akong naghihintay ng bus bago ito dumating.'

You'll notice that at the beginning.

Mapapansin mo yan sa simula.

It doesn't matter what the subject is, we follow with ‘had been’.

Hindi mahalaga kung ano ang paksa, sinusunod namin ang 'nagdaan'.

For example, ‘I had been’, ‘Chuck had been’,

Halimbawa, 'Ako ay naging', 'Chuck ay naging',

And ‘Tom and Kim had been.’

At 'Tom at Kim ay naging.'

And then we follow with the verb ‘-ing’.

At pagkatapos ay sinusundan natin ang pandiwa na '-ing'.

‘waiting’.

'naghihintay'.

‘I had been waiting.’

'Kanina pa ako naghihintay.'

Now this is the ongoing action that happened first.

Ngayon ito ang patuloy na aksyon na unang nangyari.

Again, four and two hours shows the duration.

Muli, ipinapakita ng apat at dalawang oras ang tagal.

The second part says, ‘it arrived’.

Ang ikalawang bahagi ay nagsasabing, 'ito ay dumating'.

This verb is in the past simple tense.

Ang pandiwang ito ay nasa past simple tense.

Therefore, that is the second action.

Samakatuwid, iyon ang pangalawang aksyon.

It's the action that this first action happened until this action happened,

Ito ang aksyon na nangyari ang unang aksyon na ito hanggang sa nangyari ang aksyon na ito,

so again, ‘I had been waiting for the bus,’ happened

kaya muli, 'Naghintay ako ng bus,'

first.

unang nangyari.

And then, it happened until the bus arrived.

At pagkatapos, nangyari ito hanggang sa dumating ang bus.

‘Chuck had been cooking,’ Again, that part's easy.

'Si Chuck ay nagluluto,' Muli, ang bahaging iyon ay madali.

No matter what’s the subject, we say ‘had been’ and then verb ‘-ing’.

Anuman ang paksa, sinasabi namin ang 'nagdaan' at pagkatapos ay pandiwa '-ing'.

Again, I can show how long Chuck had been cooking by saying ‘for an hour’, showing

Muli, maipapakita ko kung gaano katagal nagluluto si Chuck sa pamamagitan ng pagsasabi ng 'para sa isang oras', na ipinapakita

the duration.

ang tagal.

And then, I finished by saying, ‘before he finished’.

And then, I finished by saying, 'bago siya tapos'.

He had been cooking up to this point in the past.

Siya ay nagluluto hanggang sa puntong ito sa nakaraan.

Finally, ‘Tom and Kim had been walking,’ This part should be familiar to you by now,

Sa wakas, 'Naglalakad sina Tom at Kim,' Ang bahaging ito ay dapat na pamilyar sa iyo sa ngayon,

‘for an hour’ Again, that shows duration.

'sa loob ng isang oras' Muli, na nagpapakita ng tagal.

‘before they rested.’

'bago sila nagpahinga.'

So they had been walking for an hour before they took a break.

Kaya isang oras na silang naglalakad bago sila nagpahinga.

Before they rested.

Bago sila nagpahinga.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

The past perfect continuous tense is also used to express cause and effect in the

Ang past perfect continuous tense ay ginagamit din upang ipahayag ang sanhi at bunga sa

past.

nakaraan.

The verb that's in the past perfect continuous tense shows the cause,

Ang pandiwa na nasa past perfect continuous tense ay nagpapakita ng dahilan,

why something happened.

kung bakit nangyari ang isang bagay.

We can use ‘because’ or ‘so’ to show the cause and effect.

Maaari nating gamitin ang 'dahil' o 'kaya' upang ipakita ang sanhi at bunga.

Here, I'll explain.

Dito, ipapaliwanag ko.

‘Jason was tired because he had been jogging.’

'Pagod si Jason dahil nagjo-jogging siya.'

The first part of the sentence is in the past tense.

Ang unang bahagi ng pangungusap ay nasa past tense.

‘Jason was tired,’ However, we see ‘why?’

'Pagod si Jason,' Gayunpaman, nakikita natin 'bakit?'

Well, because, ‘he had been jogging’.

Well, kasi, 'nagjogging siya'.

The second part of this sentence is in the past perfect continuous tense.

Ang ikalawang bahagi ng pangungusap na ito ay nasa past perfect continuous tense.

‘he had been’, remember no matter what the subject,

'siya ay naging', tandaan kahit na ano ang paksa,

we follow with ‘had been’ and jogging – ‘verb -ing’.

sinusundan namin ng 'nagdaan' at jogging - 'pandiwa -ing'.

‘he had been jogging’ This shows why Jason was tired.

'he had been jogging' Ipinapakita nito kung bakit pagod si Jason.

The next sentence says, ‘The pavement’ or it ‘was wet because

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Ang simento' o ito ay 'basa dahil

it had been raining.’

umuulan.'

Similar to the first sentence, ‘it had been raining’ shows the cause.

Katulad ng unang pangungusap, ang 'it had been raining' ay nagpapakita ng dahilan.

Why was the pavement wet?

Bakit basa ang simento?

‘The pavement was wet because it had been raining.’

'Basa ang semento dahil umuulan.'

In this sentence, we see a little difference.

Sa pangungusap na ito, nakikita natin ang kaunting pagkakaiba.

‘The children had been playing’ Again, this is the past perfect continuous

'Naglalaro ang mga bata' Muli, ito ang past perfect continuous

tense.

tense.

‘had been playing’ The second part says, ‘the room was a mess’.

'naglalaro' Ang ikalawang bahagi ay nagsasabing, 'ang silid ay magulo'.

So here, instead of ‘because’ like the first two sentences,

Kaya dito, sa halip na 'dahil' tulad ng unang dalawang pangungusap,

I used ‘so’.

ginamit ko 'kaya'.

So the order has been changed but the meaning is the same.

Kaya binago ang pagkakasunud-sunod ngunit pareho ang kahulugan.

This, ‘the children had been playing’ is why the room was a mess.

Ito, 'naglalaro ang mga bata' kaya ang gulo ng kwarto.

This is the cause and this is the effect.

Ito ang sanhi at ito ang epekto.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now let's go into the negative form of the past perfect continuous tense.

Ngayon ay pumunta tayo sa negatibong anyo ng past perfect continuous tense.

Here are some examples.

Narito ang ilang mga halimbawa.

‘I had not been working for a day before I quit.’

'Isang araw akong hindi nagtatrabaho bago ako huminto.'

So no matter what the subject ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘she’, or ‘it’,

Kaya kahit na ano ang paksang 'ako', 'ikaw', 'siya', o 'ito',

just like in the affirmative, we say ‘had’, but after the ‘had’, in the negative form,

tulad ng sa affirmative, sinasabi nating 'mayroon', ngunit pagkatapos ng 'mayroon', sa negatibong anyo,

we add ‘not’. ‘had not’

idinadagdag natin ang ' hindi'. 'hindi pa'

‘had not’ or you can use the contraction ‘hadn't’.

'wala pa' o maaari mong gamitin ang contraction na 'wala pa'.

Which is a combination of ‘had’ and ‘not’ together.

Na isang kumbinasyon ng 'nagkaroon' at 'hindi' magkasama.

‘I had not been working’ The rest of the sentence is the same.

'Hindi ako nagtatrabaho' Ang natitirang bahagi ng pangungusap ay pareho.

‘been + verb -ing’ ‘I had not been working for a day before

'been + verb -ing' 'Isang araw akong hindi nagtatrabaho bago

I quit.’

ako huminto.'

The next sentence says, ‘You had not been cutting onions for long

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Matagal ka nang hindi naghihiwa ng sibuyas

before you cried.’

bago ka umiyak.'

Again, the ‘not’ goes between ‘had’ and ‘been’.

Muli, ang 'hindi' ay napupunta sa pagitan ng 'nagkaroon' at 'naging'.

‘She hadn't been studying for long when she fell asleep.’

'Matagal na siyang hindi nag-aaral nang siya ay nakatulog.'

Here, we have the contraction.

Dito, mayroon tayong contraction.

And finally, ‘It hadn't been snowing for long when it

At sa wakas, 'Hindi pa nag-snow nang matagal nang

stopped.’

tumigil ito.'

Again, we have the contraction for ‘had not’ here.

Muli, mayroon kaming contraction para sa 'wala pa' dito.

You'll notice that in the first two sentences, I used ‘before’.

Mapapansin mo na sa unang dalawang pangungusap, ginamit ko 'noon'.

And in the last two, I used ‘when’.

At sa huling dalawa, ginamit ko ang 'kailan'.

Either one can be used to show when the first action stopped.

Maaaring gamitin ang alinman sa isa upang ipakita kung kailan huminto ang unang pagkilos.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now let's go into how to form basic questions in the past perfect continuous tense.

Ngayon ay pumunta tayo sa kung paano bumuo ng mga pangunahing tanong sa nakaraang perpektong tuloy-tuloy na panahunan.

Here is the first example.

Narito ang unang halimbawa.

‘He had been driving all day before he arrived.’

'Buong araw siyang nagmamaneho bago siya dumating.'

Now, to turn this into a question, all we have to do is change the order of the first

Ngayon, para gawing tanong ito, ang kailangan lang nating gawin ay baguhin ang pagkakasunud-sunod ng unang

two words.

dalawang salita.

Instead of ‘He had’, now I can say, ‘Had he’, in order to form a question.

Sa halip na 'Meron siya', ngayon ay masasabi kong, 'Had he', para makabuo ng tanong.

‘Had he been driving all day before he arrived?’

'Buong araw ba siyang nagmamaneho bago siya dumating?'

The next sentence says, ‘The dog had been barking because it was

Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Ang aso ay tumatahol dahil ito ay

scared.’

natakot.'

In this case, the subject is ‘The dog’.

Sa kasong ito, ang paksa ay 'Ang aso'.

And then we follow with ‘had’.

At pagkatapos ay sinusundan namin ng 'may'.

To turn this into a question, again, we switch the order.

Upang gawing tanong ito, muli, inililipat namin ang pagkakasunud-sunod.

‘Had the dog been barking because it was scared?’

'Tumahol ba ang aso dahil sa takot?'

You'll notice that in the question, the rest of the words stay in the same place.

Mapapansin mo na sa tanong, ang natitirang mga salita ay mananatili sa parehong lugar.

Now, in the first question, we're asking how long an action happened,

Ngayon, sa unang tanong, itinatanong namin kung gaano katagal nangyari ang isang aksyon,

or how long it was ongoing in the past.

o kung gaano ito katagal nagpapatuloy sa nakaraan.

And in this question, we ask about cause and effect.

At sa tanong na ito, nagtatanong kami tungkol sa sanhi at epekto.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now, I'll introduce how to form WH questions in the past perfect continuous tense.

Ngayon, ipapakilala ko kung paano bumuo ng mga tanong sa WH sa nakaraang perpektong tuloy-tuloy na panahunan.

Take a look at these examples.

Tingnan ang mga halimbawang ito.

You'll notice that they all start with a WH word.

Mapapansin mong lahat sila ay nagsisimula sa isang WH na salita.

Why, where, what, and who.

Bakit, saan, ano, at sino.

You might also have noticed that after we have ‘had’.

Maaaring napansin mo rin iyon pagkatapos nating 'magkaroon'.

‘Why had’ ‘Where had’

'Why had' 'Where had'

‘What had’ and ‘Who had’

'What had' and 'Who had'

In the first question, after that comes the subject.

Sa unang tanong, pagkatapos ay dumating ang paksa.

‘Why had you’ And then ‘been + verb -ing’

'Why had you' At pagkatapos ay 'been + verb -ing'

And that's the same pattern we follow for all of these sentences.

At iyon ang parehong pattern na sinusunod namin para sa lahat ng mga pangungusap na ito.

So ‘Why had you been studying so much?’

Kaya 'Bakit ka nag-aral nang husto?'

I can answer by saying, ‘I had been studying so much because I have

Masasabi kong, 'Marami akong nag-aaral dahil may

a test.’

pagsusulit ako.'

‘Where had you been traveling before you came here?’

'Saan ka naglalakbay bago ka pumunta rito?'

I can say, ‘I had been traveling through Asia.’

Masasabi kong, 'Naglalakbay ako sa Asia.'

‘What had they been playing before they played soccer?’

'Ano ang nilalaro nila bago sila naglaro ng soccer?'

I can answer, ‘They had been playing baseball.’

Maaari kong sagutin, 'Naglalaro sila ng baseball.'

And finally, ‘Who had she been talking to before she

At panghuli, 'Sino ang kausap niya bago siya

left home?’

umalis ng bahay?'

I can answer, ‘She had been talking to her boyfriend.’

Masagot ko, 'Kanina pa niya kinakausap ang boyfriend niya.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Let's start a checkup for the past perfect continuous tense.

Magsimula tayo ng checkup para sa past perfect continuous tense.

Take a look at the first sentence.

Tingnan ang unang pangungusap.

It says, ‘They __ for a long time before they went home.’

Sinasabi nito, 'Matagal silang __ bago sila umuwi.'

Try to fill in the blank with the verb ‘work’ in this tense.

Subukang punan ang patlang ng pandiwa na 'trabaho' sa panahong ito.

Remember, no matter what the subject, we follow the subject with ‘had been’.

Tandaan, anuman ang paksa, sinusunod natin ang paksa na may 'dating'.

So we say, ‘They had been’.

Kaya sinasabi namin, 'Naging sila'.

What happens to the verb?

Ano ang nangyayari sa pandiwa?

Remember, we add ‘-ing’.

Tandaan, idinaragdag namin ang '-ing'.

So the sentence is, ‘They had been working for a long time before they went home.’

Kaya ang pangungusap ay, 'Matagal na silang nagtatrabaho bago sila umuwi.'

Now, take a look at the second sentence.

Ngayon, tingnan ang pangalawang pangungusap.

I want you to use the negative.

Gusto kong gamitin mo ang negatibo.

‘I __ TV for a year before I started again.’

'Ako __ TV para sa isang taon bago ako nagsimulang muli.'

Remember, the negative form for this tense starts with the subject

Tandaan, ang negatibong anyo para sa panahunan na ito ay nagsisimula sa paksa

and then ‘had not been’.

at pagkatapos ay 'hindi naging'.

Or I can use the contraction ‘hadn't’.

O maaari kong gamitin ang contraction na 'wala pa'.

‘I hadn't been’ And then again, verb ‘-ing’.

'I hadn't been' At saka muli, verb '-ing'.

‘I hadn't been watching TV for a year before I started again.’

'Isang taon akong hindi nanonood ng TV bago ako nagsimulang muli.'

Now, try to find the mistake in this next sentence.

Ngayon, subukang hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap na ito.

‘Gina and I hadn't been do any work before we started.’

'Wala kaming ginagawa ni Gina bago kami magsimula.'

What's the error?

Ano ang error?

You'll notice that the verb does not have an ‘-ing’.

Mapapansin mo na ang pandiwa ay walang '-ing'.

To make the sentence correct, we must say, ‘Gina and I hadn't been doing

Upang gawing tama ang pangungusap, dapat nating sabihin, 'Wala pa kaming ginagawa ni Gina

any work before we started.’

bago kami magsimula.'

Now, find the mistake here.

Ngayon, hanapin ang pagkakamali dito.

‘He had be watching YouTube because he had some free time.’

'Siya ay nanonood ng YouTube dahil mayroon siyang libreng oras.'

‘He had’, that's correct, but we need to change ‘be’ to been’.

'Nagkaroon siya', tama iyon, ngunit kailangan nating baguhin ang 'maging' naging'.

And ‘watching’ is correct.

At tama ang 'pagmamasid'.

So, ‘He had been watching YouTube because he had some free time.’

Kaya, 'Siya ay nanonood ng YouTube dahil mayroon siyang libreng oras.'

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Now, let's move on to another checkup of the past perfect continuous tense.

Ngayon, lumipat tayo sa isa pang pagsusuri ng past perfect continuous tense.

Take a look at the first example.

Tingnan ang unang halimbawa.

It says, ‘The company __ employees because they worked hard.’

Sinasabi nito, 'Ang kumpanya ay __ empleyado dahil sila ay nagtrabaho nang husto.'

Use the verb ‘promote’ in the past perfect continuous tense.

Gamitin ang pandiwang 'promote' sa past perfect continuous tense.

Remember, no matter what the subject, we follow with ‘had been’.

Tandaan, anuman ang paksa, sinusunod natin ang 'nagdaan'.

So we say, ‘The company had been’ and then verb ‘-ing’, so ‘promoting’.

Kaya sinasabi namin, 'The company had been' at pagkatapos ay verb '-ing', kaya 'promoting'.

‘The company had been promoting employees because they worked hard.’

'Ang kumpanya ay nagsusulong ng mga empleyado dahil sila ay nagtrabaho nang husto.'

The next example says, ‘I __ your emails for a while because they went to the spam

Ang susunod na halimbawa ay nagsasabing, 'Ako __ ang iyong mga email saglit dahil napunta sila sa

folder.’

folder ng spam.'

Here, try to use the negative form with the verb ‘get’.

Dito, subukang gamitin ang negatibong anyo na may pandiwa na 'kumuha'.

Remember, in the negative form, we say ‘had not been getting’

Tandaan, sa negatibong anyo, sinasabi nating 'hindi pa nakukuha'

Or the contraction ‘hadn't been getting’.

O ang contraction ay 'hindi nakukuha'.

‘I hadn't been getting your emails for a while because they went to the spam folder.’

'Matagal ko nang hindi natatanggap ang iyong mga email dahil napunta sila sa folder ng spam.'

Now look for the mistake in the next sentence.

Ngayon hanapin ang pagkakamali sa susunod na pangungusap.

‘I had been work a lot because I needed the money.’

'Matagal akong nagtrabaho dahil kailangan ko ng pera.'

What's the mistake?

Ano ang mali?

Remember, we need to add ‘-ing’ to the verb.

Tandaan, kailangan nating magdagdag ng '-ing' sa pandiwa.

‘I had been working a lot because I needed the money.’

'Matagal akong nagtatrabaho dahil kailangan ko ng pera.'

The last sentence says, ‘He has been smoking because he was stressed.’

Ang huling pangungusap ay nagsasabing, 'Naninigarilyo siya dahil na-stress siya.'

Can you find the mistake?

Maaari mong mahanap ang pagkakamali?

Remember, we're practicing the past perfect continuous.

Tandaan, nagsasanay kami ng past perfect tuluy-tuloy.

In this case, we need ‘had’ after the subject, not ‘has’.

Sa kasong ito, kailangan natin ng 'may' pagkatapos ng paksa, hindi 'may'.

Great job, everyone.

Mahusay na trabaho, lahat.

Let's move on.

Mag-move on na tayo.

Thank you so much for watching this  grammar course on the past tense. 

Maraming salamat sa panonood sa kursong ito ng gramatika sa nakalipas na panahon.

Now, if you haven’t had a chance to check  out my grammar course on the present tense  

Ngayon, kung hindi ka pa nagkaroon ng pagkakataong tingnan ang aking kurso sa gramatika sa kasalukuyang panahunan

or the future tense, make sure you do that now. Thank you again for watching and I will see you  

o sa hinaharap na panahunan, siguraduhing gagawin mo iyon ngayon. Salamat ulit sa panonood at magkikita pa tayo

next time. Bye.

sa susunod. Bye.