PRESENT TENSE | Simple, Continuous, Perfect | Learn English Grammar Course

756,503 views ãƒģ 2021-10-06

Shaw English Online


āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻš āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡āĻŸā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻŦāĻ˛-āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤

00:00
Hi, everybody.
0
89
1111
āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨.
00:01
I’m Esther.
1
1200
1120
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
00:02
Welcome to the grammar video.
2
2320
2480
āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤āĻŽāĨ¤
00:04
In this video, I will introduce the present tense.
3
4800
3110
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦāĨ¤
00:07
It’s a very important tense for learning English.
4
7910
3380
āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
00:11
In this video, I will introduce the present simple, the present continuous, the present
5
11290
6550
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ•, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨
00:17
perfect, and the present perfect continuous tense.
6
17840
3480
āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦāĨ¤
00:21
There’s a lot to learn, so keep watching.
7
21320
3190
āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
00:24
And let’s get started.
8
24510
1850
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•.
00:26
Hi, everybody.
9
26360
2550
āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨.
00:28
My name is Esther.
10
28910
5120
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻ‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
00:34
I'm so excited to teach you the present simple tense in today's video.
11
34030
5230
āĻ†āĻœāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻœāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤
00:39
Now this lesson can be a little difficult,
12
39260
2910
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡,
00:42
so I'll do my best to keep it easy and fun for you.
13
42170
3430
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¯āĻĨāĻžāĻ¸āĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦāĨ¤
00:45
My goal is for you to understand how and when to use this grammar by the end of the video.
14
45600
6770
āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻĻ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻ°āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
00:52
Let's get started.
15
52370
4330
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ.
00:56
Let's start with the first usage for the present simple tense.
16
56700
3840
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
01:00
The first usage is pretty easy.
17
60540
2320
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ.
01:02
We use it to talk about facts, truths, and generalizations.
18
62860
4810
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯, āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§€āĻ•āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
01:07
Let's look at some examples.
19
67670
1300
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
01:08
‘The Sun is bright.’
20
68970
2230
'āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ‰āĻœā§āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛.'
01:11
Now that's a fact.
21
71200
2150
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯.
01:13
It doesn't change.
22
73350
1539
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž.
01:14
Everybody knows that the Sun is bright.
23
74889
2101
āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ‰āĻœā§āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛āĨ¤
01:16
It was bright yesterday.
24
76990
1340
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ—āĻ¤āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ‰āĻœā§āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛.
01:18
It's bright today.
25
78330
1249
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻœ āĻ‰āĻœā§āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛.
01:19
And it will be bright tomorrow.
26
79579
1731
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ‰āĻœā§āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
01:21
That makes it a fact.
27
81310
1739
āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŦāĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡.
01:23
‘Pigs don't fly.’
28
83049
2310
'āĻļā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
01:25
That's also a fact.
29
85359
1571
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŦāĻ¤āĻžāĨ¤
01:26
Everybody knows that pigs don't fly.
30
86930
3549
āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻļā§‚āĻ•āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
01:30
‘Cats are better than dogs.’
31
90479
2971
'āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ˛ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤'
01:33
Now this you may not agree with.
32
93450
2169
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ“ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡.
01:35
This is my truth.
33
95619
1340
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯.
01:36
I'm making a generalization about cats and dogs in this example.
34
96959
5281
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§€āĻ•āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
01:42
And finally, ‘It's cold in winter.’
35
102240
3199
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻļā§€āĻ¤āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĨ¤'
01:45
This really depends on where you live, but for a lot of people, or let's say for
36
105439
4530
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•
01:49
most people, it is cold in the winter,
37
109969
3020
, āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋāĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻļā§€āĻ¤āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡,
01:52
so that's the truth for some people.
38
112989
3391
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
01:56
Now let's look back and see what verb I used in the present simple tense.
39
116380
5659
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
02:02
For the first sentence, we have ‘is’.
40
122039
2661
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ 'is'āĨ¤
02:04
I use the ‘be’ verb ‘is’ to talk about the Sun.
41
124700
5260
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž 'is' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
02:09
In the next sentence, I use the negative of do - ‘do not’
42
129960
5760
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ do - 'dont'-āĻāĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ
02:15
And you'll notice I use the contraction and put these two words together to make it ‘don't’.
43
135720
6499
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž'āĨ¤
02:22
‘Cats are better than dogs.’
44
142219
2921
'āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ˛ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤'
02:25
I use the ‘be’ verb "are" to talk about cats because ‘cats’ is plural.
45
145140
6170
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž "are" āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ 'āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ˛' āĻŦāĻšā§āĻŦāĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤
02:31
And finally, it's cold and winter.
46
151310
3390
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§€āĻ¤āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĨ¤
02:34
Here I use the ‘be’ verb "is" again,
47
154700
2649
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž "is" āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ,
02:37
but I use the contraction to combine ‘it’ and ‘is’
48
157349
4981
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'it' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'is' āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ
02:42
and made ‘it’s’.
49
162330
1960
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'it's' āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
02:44
Let's move on to the next usage.
50
164290
3270
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
02:47
We also use the present simple tense to talk about habits and routines.
51
167560
4819
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
02:52
So things and actions that happen regularly.
52
172379
2670
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĨ¤
02:55
Let’s look at the examples.
53
175049
1800
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
02:56
‘I always eat lunch at noon.’
54
176849
3260
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤'
03:00
You'll notice I use the adverb ‘always’ because I'm talking about something that I
55
180109
5100
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇāĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ
03:05
do regularly.
56
185209
1000
āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
03:06
What is that?
57
186209
1290
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻŋ?
03:07
‘Eat lunch at noon.’
58
187499
2270
'āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻžāĻžā§āĻš āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĨ¤'
03:09
So I use the present simple tense.
59
189769
2181
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
03:11
And here I use the verb ‘eat’.
60
191950
2740
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
03:14
‘I eatâ€Ļ’
61
194690
1410
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ‡...'
03:16
The second example says you play games every day.
62
196100
4540
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
03:20
Do you see the clue that helps you know that this is something that happens regularly?
63
200640
4929
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡?
03:25
It's ‘every day’.
64
205569
1411
āĻāĻŸāĻž 'āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨'āĨ¤
03:26
So it's something that happens as a routine or a habit,
65
206980
3610
āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡,
03:30
so you play games.
66
210590
1950
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
03:32
The verb here is ‘play’.
67
212540
2220
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž'āĨ¤
03:34
‘You playâ€Ļ’
68
214760
1899
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‹...'
03:36
The next example says ‘Seth starts work at 9:00 a.m. daily.’
69
216659
5491
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ 'āĻļā§‡āĻ  āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ ā§¯āĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤'
03:42
Again this is something that happens regularly.
70
222150
2759
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĨ¤
03:44
‘Seth goes to work at 9:00 a.m.’ every day.
71
224909
4271
'āĻļā§‡āĻ  āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ ā§¯āĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
03:49
Now you'll notice I put a blue line under the ‘s’ in ‘starts’.
72
229180
5020
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻļā§āĻ°ā§'-āĻ 's' āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§€āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
03:54
Can you figure out why?
73
234200
2160
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨?
03:56
Well remember that when the subject of a sentence is ‘he’, ‘she’, or ‘it’,
74
236360
5420
āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ,
04:01
we need to add an ‘s’ or ‘es’ to the end of the verb in the present simple tense.
75
241780
6390
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻŦāĻž 'es' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
04:08
Seth is a ‘he’, so we need to add an ‘s’.
76
248170
3920
āĻļā§‡āĻ  āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
04:12
‘Seth starts work at 9:00 a.m. daily.’
77
252090
4479
'āĻļā§‡āĻ  āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ ā§¯āĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤'
04:16
And the last example: ‘They study English every Monday.’
78
256569
3941
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ: 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‹āĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤'
04:20
Again, ‘every Monday’ means that they do it regularly,
79
260510
4680
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, 'āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‹āĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻ°' āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡,
04:25
and that's why we use the present simple tense.
80
265190
2940
āĻ†āĻ° āĻāĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
04:28
‘They studyâ€Ļ’.
81
268130
1969
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡...'
04:30
So as a review, remember we use the present simple tense
82
270099
3551
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡, āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž
04:33
to talk about habits and routines that happen regularly.
83
273650
4769
āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ
04:38
Let's move on.
84
278419
1201
āĨ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
04:39
We also use the present simple tense with non-continuous verbs.
85
279620
4729
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ…-āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
04:44
These are verbs that we don't use in the continuous form,
86
284349
3040
āĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž,
04:47
even if they're happening right now.
87
287389
2641
āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
04:50
They're also called stative verbs.
88
290030
2010
āĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋāĻļā§€āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
04:52
These are connected with thoughts, opinions, feelings, emotions, and our five senses.
89
292040
7040
āĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž, āĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽāĻ¤, āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻ†āĻŦā§‡āĻ— āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻšāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤
04:59
Let's look at these examples.
90
299080
1480
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨.
05:00
‘I love my mom.’
91
300560
2260
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋ.'
05:02
The verb here is ‘love’.
92
302820
2140
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽ'āĨ¤
05:04
That's an emotion, so I use the present simple tense.
93
304960
3500
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŦā§‡āĻ—, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
05:08
‘It smells good.’
94
308460
2400
'āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋ.'
05:10
‘Smell’ is one of the five senses, so I use the present simple tense.
95
310860
5040
'āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ§' āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻšāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
05:15
You'll notice I underlined the ‘s’ because remember the subject is ‘it’.
96
315900
5750
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 's' āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'āĨ¤
05:21
‘Kelly feels happy.’
97
321650
3570
'āĻ•ā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
05:25
This is talking about a feeling.
98
325220
2740
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
05:27
Again the subject here is ‘Kelly’ which is a ‘she’,
99
327960
3600
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ•ā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋ' āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡',
05:31
so I added an ‘s’ to the verb.
100
331560
3400
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
05:34
And finally, ‘They need help.’
101
334960
2989
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤'
05:37
We don't say, ‘they are needing help’ even though it's happening right now.
102
337949
4391
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°' āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨āĻ‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
05:42
‘Need’ is non-continuous, so we say, ‘they need help’,
103
342340
4570
'āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨' āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨',
05:46
so remember you also use the present simple tense with non-continuous verbs,
104
346910
5460
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž, āĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽāĻ¤, āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻ†āĻŦā§‡āĻ— āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻšāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤
05:52
connected with thoughts, opinions, feelings, emotions, and our five senses.
105
352370
5460
āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĨ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
05:57
Let's move on.
106
357830
1000
āĻ…āĻĻā§‚āĻ° āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡
05:58
Speakers occasionally use the present simple tense to talk about something that will happen
107
358830
4820
āĻ˜āĻŸāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨
06:03
in the near future.
108
363650
1989
āĨ¤
06:05
Now this can be a little confusing, but we're not using the future tense,
109
365639
4650
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•āĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž,
06:10
we're using the present simple tense.
110
370289
2401
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
06:12
It's possible to do that and it's actually common for people to do that.
111
372690
4030
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĨ¤
06:16
Again, for something that will happen in the near future.
112
376720
4090
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ…āĻĻā§‚āĻ° āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
06:20
Let's look at the examples.
113
380810
1199
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
06:22
‘I have class at 6 p.m.’
114
382009
3291
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 6 pm āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'
06:25
‘6 p.m.’ that's pretty soon, so I can say,
115
385300
3579
'6 pm' āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ,
06:28
'I have class.'
116
388879
1751
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
06:30
- the present simple tense.
117
390630
1860
- āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛.
06:32
‘Lisa arrives on Sunday.’
118
392490
3060
'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¸āĻž āĻ°āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¸āĻŦā§‡āĨ¤'
06:35
Again the near future, ‘Sunday’.
119
395550
3360
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻĻā§‚āĻ° āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ°āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°'āĨ¤
06:38
So I use the present simple tense.
120
398910
2920
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
06:41
I added an ‘s’ at the end of arrive, because Lisa, the subject, is a ‘she’.
121
401830
6790
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§ŒāĻāĻ›āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¸āĻž, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
06:48
‘We start work soon.’
122
408620
2490
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦāĨ¤'
06:51
Again, the near future, ‘soon’,
123
411110
2570
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž, 'āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡',
06:53
so I use the present simple verb ‘start’.
124
413680
4690
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž 'āĻļā§āĻ°ā§' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
06:58
And finally, ‘My students come tomorrow.’
125
418370
3470
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻŦā§‡āĨ¤'
07:01
This is something that will happen in the near future,
126
421840
3190
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ…āĻĻā§‚āĻ° āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻŦā§‡,
07:05
so I use the verb ‘come’.
127
425030
3109
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ†āĻ¸āĻž' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
07:08
So remember it is possible, and it is common to use the present simple tense
128
428139
5661
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯
07:13
to talk about something that will happen in the near future.
129
433800
4200
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĨ¤
07:18
Let's go to the next usage.
130
438000
1759
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨.
07:19
Let's talk about a possible negative usage for the present simple tense,
131
439759
4231
āĻšāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ,
07:23
and that is ‘do not’ and ‘does not’.
132
443990
3459
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ 'do not' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'does' āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
07:27
The first example says, ‘Mike eats bread.’
133
447449
3710
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻŽāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
07:31
I put an ‘s’ at the end of ‘eat’ because the subject is Mike which is a ‘he’.
134
451159
6720
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž'āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻāĻ¸' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻŽāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻ¯āĻž 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
07:37
Now that's not a negative statement.
135
457879
2160
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž.
07:40
What happens when I want to turn it into a negative statement?
136
460039
3081
āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§€ āĻšāĻŦā§‡?
07:43
Well I change it like this - ‘Mike doesn't eat bread.’
137
463120
4660
āĻ†āĻšā§āĻ›āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ - 'āĻŽāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
07:47
So you'll notice that I didn't move the ‘s’ here, okay.
138
467780
4530
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 's' āĻ¸āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨āĻ¨āĻŋ, āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
07:52
Instead I added ‘doesn't’.
139
472310
1580
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ 'āĻ¨āĻž'āĨ¤
07:53
I took ‘does’ and ‘not’ and I turned it into a contraction by combining the two
140
473890
6720
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¨āĻž' āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡
08:00
and making it ‘doesn't’.
141
480610
2089
'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
08:02
So if the subject is ‘he’, ‘she’, or ‘it’,
142
482699
3500
āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ,
08:06
we use ‘does not’ or ‘doesn't’ to make it negative.
143
486199
4201
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
08:10
‘You swim well.’
144
490400
2510
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻŸā§‹āĨ¤'
08:12
In this case, I don't need to put an ‘s’ at the end of ‘swim’ because the subject
145
492910
4400
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° 'āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻ¤āĻžāĻ°' āĻāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 's' āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻŋ
08:17
is ‘you’.
146
497310
1479
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
08:18
If I want to make this sentence negative, I use ‘don't’.
147
498789
4560
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ¨āĻž' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
08:23
‘You don't swim well.’
148
503349
2761
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‹ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
08:26
I use the contraction for ‘do’ and ‘not’.
149
506110
3440
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¨āĻž'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
08:29
I combine them to make ‘don't’,
150
509550
3010
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ,
08:32
so if the subject is ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’, or ‘they’,
151
512560
4010
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ,
08:36
we use ‘do not’ or ‘don't’.
152
516570
3540
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
08:40
So to review ‘do not’ and ‘does not’ or ‘don't’ and ‘doesn't’
153
520110
5750
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'āĻ•āĻ°ā§‹ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡' āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ
08:45
is a possible usage for the negative for present simple
154
525860
3460
āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°
08:49
tense.
155
529320
1100
āĨ¤
08:50
Let's continue on.
156
530420
1550
āĻšāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨.
08:51
Now I'll talk about one possible question form for the present simple tense
157
531970
4880
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦ
08:56
and that is by using ‘do’ or ‘does’.
158
536850
3500
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'do' āĻŦāĻž 'does' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
09:00
So let's look at the example, ‘They live here.’
159
540350
3680
āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋ, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤'
09:04
That's not a question, right?
160
544030
1590
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻž?
09:05
'They live here’
161
545620
1900
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡'
09:07
In order to turn it into a question, it's really simple.
162
547520
3800
āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœāĨ¤
09:11
All I have to do is add ‘do’ to the beginning and add a question mark at the end.
163
551320
5300
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'do' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŦā§‹āĻ§āĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
09:16
‘Do they live here?’
164
556620
2500
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡?'
09:19
So if the subject is ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’, or ‘they’,
165
559120
4570
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡
09:23
simply add ‘do’ to the beginning of the question.
166
563690
3030
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
09:26
How about this one, ‘He plays soccer.’
167
566720
4180
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤'
09:30
In this statement, the subject is ‘he’ and that's why you should know by now,
168
570900
5430
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¤āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§‡ āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤,
09:36
I have an ‘s’ at the end of ‘play’.
169
576330
2920
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° 'āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž' āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
09:39
However, to turn this into a question, I add ‘does’ at the beginning.
170
579250
5480
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
09:44
‘Does he play soccer?’
171
584730
3350
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡?'
09:48
What you'll notice here is that I no longer have the ‘s’ at the end of play.
172
588080
6070
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ° 's' āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤
09:54
Instead I just used ‘does’ at the beginning,
173
594150
2850
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ§ā§ 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ,
09:57
so for ‘he’, ‘she’, or ‘it’, put ‘does’ at the beginning,
174
597000
4470
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§āĻ¨,
10:01
and don't worry about putting an ‘s’ or ‘es’ at the end of the verb.
175
601470
5400
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 's' āĻŦāĻž 'es' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇāĨ¤
10:06
So to review, one possible way of forming a question for the present simple tense is
176
606870
6220
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛
10:13
using ‘do’ or ‘does’ at the beginning.
177
613090
3130
āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'do' āĻŦāĻž 'does' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĨ¤
10:16
Alright let's move on.
178
616220
1140
āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨.
10:17
Let's start with the first checkup.
179
617360
2770
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
10:20
In this checkup, I want you to focus on the ‘be’ verbs.
180
620130
4210
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ 'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻĢā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
10:24
Remember ‘be’ verbs, in the present simple tense, can be ‘is’, ‘am’, or ‘are’.
181
624340
6870
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ 'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡, 'is', 'am', āĻŦāĻž 'are' āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
10:31
Take a look at the first sentence.
182
631210
1690
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
10:32
It says, ‘She _ blank _ at school.’
183
632900
4470
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ _ āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ _ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤'
10:37
The subject of this sentence is ‘she’.
184
637370
3650
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
10:41
What ‘be’ verb do we use for ‘she’?
185
641020
2670
'āĻ¸ā§‡'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§€ 'āĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ?
10:43
The correct answer is ‘is’.
186
643690
4500
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
10:48
Now if you were thinking of the negative, the
187
648190
2840
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨,
10:51
correct answer would be ‘she isn't’
188
651030
2760
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻŦā§‡ 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ'
10:53
or ‘she is not’.
189
653790
2590
āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
10:56
That's correct as well.
190
656380
2110
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ“ āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
10:58
And if we want to use a contraction for ‘she is’, we can say ‘she's at school’
191
658490
7290
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻœ' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'
11:05
For the next one, it says, ‘They _ blank _ twenty years old.’
192
665780
5230
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž _ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻž _ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§€āĨ¤'
11:11
The subject of this sentence is ‘they’.
193
671010
3440
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
11:14
What ‘be’ verb do we use for ‘they’?
194
674450
3240
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§€ 'āĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ?
11:17
The correct answer is ‘are’.
195
677690
6310
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
11:24
For the negative, you can also use ‘aren't’ or ‘are not’.
196
684000
5870
āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ 'arn't' āĻŦāĻž 'are not' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
11:29
Also if you want to use the contraction for ‘they are’, you can say,
197
689870
4900
āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨,
11:34
‘They're 20 years old.’
198
694770
3580
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ 20 āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°āĨ¤'
11:38
The next sentence says, ‘His father _ blank_ busy.’
199
698350
4420
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž_āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ_āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤'
11:42
The subject of this sentence is ‘his father’.
200
702770
4470
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž'āĨ¤
11:47
What subject pronoun do we use for ‘his father’?
201
707240
3860
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž' āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ?
11:51
The correct answer is ‘he’.
202
711100
2840
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
11:53
Remember for ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, the ‘be’ verb is ‘is’.
203
713940
6980
'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ‡āĻ¸'āĨ¤
12:00
For the negative, we can say ‘isn't’ or ‘is not’.
204
720920
4530
āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
12:05
And for a contraction, for ‘father’ and ‘is’, we can say, ‘His father's busy.’
205
725450
7110
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, 'āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤'
12:12
Now I want you to try to find the mistakes in this sentence.
206
732560
5740
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
12:18
‘We isn't good friends.’
207
738300
4660
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§ āĻ¨āĻ‡āĨ¤'
12:22
Did you find the mistake?
208
742960
4680
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?
12:27
This is the mistake.
209
747640
1370
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĨ¤
12:29
The subject is ‘we’ and the ‘be’ verb is ‘are’.
210
749010
4750
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'are'āĨ¤
12:33
Therefore, the correct answer is ‘we are not’,
211
753760
4030
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻ‡',
12:37
or the contraction, ‘we aren't good friends.’
212
757790
4960
āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§ āĻ¨āĻ‡āĨ¤'
12:42
The next sentence.
213
762750
4360
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
12:47
Can you find the mistake?
214
767110
1820
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨?
12:48
‘Are John a teacher?’
215
768930
2370
'āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ•?'
12:51
Think about the subject of this sentence.
216
771300
3700
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
12:55
The subject is ‘John’.
217
775000
4000
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻœāĻ¨'āĨ¤
12:59
And ‘John’, the subject pronoun is ‘he’.
218
779000
3300
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻœāĻ¨', āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
13:02
Therefore, we don't use ‘are’, we use ‘is’.
219
782300
8580
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'are' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'is' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
13:10
‘Is John a teacher?’
220
790880
1890
'āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ•?'
13:12
‘Is John a teacher?’
221
792770
2840
'āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ•?'
13:15
And finally, ‘It am a puppy.’
222
795610
1980
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻ›āĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
13:17
hmm This one is a big mistake.
223
797590
2780
āĻšā§āĻŽ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĨ¤
13:20
The subject here is ‘it’.
224
800370
2570
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'āĨ¤
13:22
What ‘be’ verb do we use for ‘it’?
225
802940
2800
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§€ 'āĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ?
13:25
The correct answer is ‘is’.
226
805740
2890
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
13:28
So we don't say, ‘It am a puppy,’ we say, ‘It is a puppy.’
227
808630
6110
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž, 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻ›āĻžāĻ¨āĻž,' āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ, 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻ›āĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
13:34
Great job guys.
228
814740
1060
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›āĻŋ.
13:35
Let's move on to the next checkup.
229
815800
1500
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
13:37
For the next checkup, I want you to think of some other verbs in the present simple
230
817300
5010
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛
13:42
tense.
231
822310
1330
āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
13:43
Take a look at the first sentence.
232
823640
1540
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
13:45
‘He __ blank __ â€Ļ’, I want you to think of the verb, ‘like his dinner’.
233
825180
5830
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ __ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻž __ â€Ļ', āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹'āĨ¤
13:51
What do we do to the verb when the subject is ‘he’, ‘she’, or ‘it’?
234
831010
5410
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§€ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ?
13:56
Remember we add an ‘s’.
235
836420
2020
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
13:58
‘He likes his dinner.’
236
838440
4480
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤'
14:02
For the negative, you can also say, ‘He doesn't like his dinner.’
237
842920
4800
āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
14:07
The next sentence says, ‘My students __ blank __â€Ļ’, I want you to think of ‘need’,
238
847720
6410
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ°āĻž __ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻž __â€Ļ', āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ 'āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨',
14:14
‘â€Ļbooks’.
239
854130
1630
'...āĻŦāĻ‡' āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨
14:15
What is the subject pronoun for ‘my students’?
240
855760
3780
āĨ¤ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻĻā§‡āĻ°' āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋ?
14:19
The correct answer is ‘they’.
241
859540
2720
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
14:22
If the subject is ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’, or ‘they’, in the present simple tense,
242
862260
5240
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡,
14:27
we don't change the verb, we keep it as is.
243
867500
4200
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
14:31
So the correct answer is, ‘My students need books.’
244
871700
5500
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤'
14:37
Now for the negative, you can say, ‘My students don't need books.’
245
877200
4421
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤'
14:41
The next sentence says, ‘I __ blank __â€Ļ’, think of the verb,
246
881621
6029
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ __ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻž __â€Ļ', āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨,
14:47
‘â€Ļlive in London.’
247
887650
3140
'...āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤'
14:50
What do we do here?
248
890790
1470
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ?
14:52
Again the subject is ‘I’, therefore we don't change the verb.
249
892260
5220
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
14:57
The correct answer is, ‘I live in London.’
250
897480
4300
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĨ¤'
15:01
What's the negative?
251
901780
1950
āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋ?
15:03
‘I don't live in London.’
252
903730
3710
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
15:07
For the next part, I would like for you to try to find the mistake in the sentence.
253
907440
5130
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
15:12
‘He doesn't likes math.’
254
912570
3360
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ—āĻŖāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
15:15
What's the error here?
255
915930
2380
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ?
15:18
Well this is a negative.
256
918310
2220
āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻāĻ‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ•.
15:20
‘He doesn'tâ€Ļ’, that's correct.
257
920530
2860
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž...', āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
15:23
However, we do not add an ‘s’ when we have ‘doesn't’ in front of ‘it’.
258
923390
7140
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'it'-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ 'doesn't āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤
15:30
‘Do he eat candy?’
259
930530
3220
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ›āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ?'
15:33
Here we have a question.
260
933750
2220
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡.
15:35
The subject of the sentence is ‘he’.
261
935970
3650
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ'āĨ¤
15:39
For ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, when we're making a sentence in the present simple tense,
262
939620
7310
'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨
15:46
we use ‘does’ not ‘do’.
263
946930
2520
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'does' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž 'do'āĨ¤
15:49
So the correct answer is, ‘Does he eat candy?’
264
949450
4560
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ›āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ?'
15:54
And finally, ‘Sam is play computer games.’
265
954010
3950
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
15:57
There are two present simple verbs here and we can't have that,
266
957960
4740
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž,
16:02
so the correct way to fix this sentence is to get rid of the ‘is’.
267
962700
6120
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'is' āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
16:08
So take that out and say, ‘Sam plays computer games.’
268
968820
7210
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨, 'āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤'
16:16
Add an ‘s’ because the subject is ‘Sam’ which is a ‘he’.
269
976030
5610
āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽ' āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
16:21
Great job!
270
981640
1000
āĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§‚āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ!
16:22
Let's move on to the next practice.
271
982640
1900
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤
16:24
For this next practice, we're taking a look at routines.
272
984540
3180
āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
16:27
Remember the present simple tense can be used to describe events that happen regularly.
273
987720
5840
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ¨āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
16:33
Let's take a look at the first sentence,
274
993560
2410
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•,
16:35
‘We _ blank _ the bus every day.’
275
995970
3850
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤'
16:39
And I want you to use the verb ‘take’.
276
999820
3320
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ 'āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
16:43
Here we see the clue word ‘every day’ which shows that this is a routine.
277
1003140
4870
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤
16:48
The subject of the sentence is ‘we’.
278
1008010
4020
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
16:52
In the present simple tense,
279
1012030
2110
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛,
16:54
remember if the subject is ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’, or ‘they’,
280
1014140
4800
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ,
16:58
we do not change the verb.
281
1018940
2150
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
17:01
Therefore the correct answer is, ‘We take the bus every day.’
282
1021090
7510
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ āĻŋāĨ¤'
17:08
In the second sentence it says, ‘He _ blank _ to school every morning.’
283
1028600
5250
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ _ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻž _āĨ¤'
17:13
Again a routine.
284
1033850
2280
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤
17:16
The subject here is ‘he’.
285
1036130
3370
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
17:19
What do we do if the subject is ‘he’, ‘she’, or ‘it’?
286
1039500
4100
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ' āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§€ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ?
17:23
We add ‘s’ or ‘es’ to the verb.
287
1043600
3370
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ 's' āĻŦāĻž 'es' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
17:26
In this example, the verb is ‘go’, so we have to add ‘es’.
288
1046970
5920
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡, āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'go', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'es' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
17:32
‘He goes to school every morning.’
289
1052890
5330
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ°ā§‹āĻœ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
17:38
In the next sentence, it says, ‘Lizzy not play (in parenthesis) tennis.’
290
1058220
6390
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻœāĻŋ āĻŸā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž (āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡)āĨ¤'
17:44
Here I want you to think about the negative form.
291
1064610
3840
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡.
17:48
Lizzy is a ‘she’.
292
1068450
1880
āĻ˛āĻŋāĻœāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
17:50
The subject pronoun is ‘she’ so what do we do for the negative?
293
1070330
5260
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ?
17:55
We say ‘does not’ or the contraction ‘doesn't play tennis’.
294
1075590
8230
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ' āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ 'āĻŸā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž'āĨ¤
18:03
We do not add an ‘s’ or ‘es’ to the end of the verb.
295
1083820
4479
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 's' āĻŦāĻž 'es' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
18:08
Instead we say ‘doesn't’ or ‘does not’.
296
1088299
4500
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡'āĨ¤
18:12
Now I want you to find a mistake in the next sentence.
297
1092799
4031
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
18:16
‘They watches TV at night.’
298
1096830
3790
'āĻ“āĻ°āĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĨ¤'
18:20
Can you figure out what's wrong with the sentence?
299
1100620
2950
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨?
18:23
The subject is ‘they’.
300
1103570
3030
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
18:26
Therefore, remember, we do not change the verb.
301
1106600
5079
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
18:31
We say ‘watch’.
302
1111679
2931
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻ˜āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ'āĨ¤
18:34
‘They watch TV at night’.
303
1114610
4120
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡'āĨ¤
18:38
In the next sentence, or question, it says, ‘Does he plays soccer every week?’
304
1118730
6699
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡, āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨?'
18:45
The subject of the sentence is ‘he’.
305
1125429
2911
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ'āĨ¤
18:48
To make a sentence, putting ‘does’ at the beginning is okay,
306
1128340
4799
āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'does' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡,
18:53
However, we don't put an ‘s’ at the end of ‘play’.
307
1133139
5280
āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'play'-āĻāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 's' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
18:58
Therefore, the correct answer is to simply say,
308
1138419
3531
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž,
19:01
‘Does he play soccer every week?’
309
1141950
4620
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡?'
19:06
And finally, ‘He always forget his book.’
310
1146570
4209
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
19:10
In this case, the subject is ‘he’.
311
1150779
4011
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ'āĨ¤
19:14
Remember, again, for he/she/it we add 's' or 'es' to the end of the verb.
312
1154790
7810
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, he/she/it āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 's' āĻŦāĻž 'es' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
19:22
What's the verb in the sentence?
313
1162600
2789
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻ•āĻŋ?
19:25
It's ‘forget’.
314
1165389
1890
āĻāĻŸāĻž 'āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž'āĨ¤
19:27
Therefore we have to say, ‘He always forgets his book.’
315
1167279
6341
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤'
19:33
Great job.
316
1173620
1760
āĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§‚āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ.
19:35
Let's move on to the next practice.
317
1175380
2029
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤
19:37
In this checkup, we'll take a look at how the present simple tense can be used to describe
318
1177409
5650
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŦ
19:43
future events.
319
1183059
2250
āĨ¤
19:45
Take a look at the first sentence.
320
1185309
2110
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
19:47
It says, ‘The airplane _ blank _ tonight.’
321
1187419
4010
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ _ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻž_āĨ¤'
19:51
And we're looking at the verb ‘leave’.
322
1191429
3151
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧ' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
19:54
What is the subject of the sentence?
323
1194580
2880
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ•ā§€?
19:57
The correct answer is ‘airplane’.
324
1197460
3290
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨'āĨ¤
20:00
What subject pronoun do we use for ‘airplane’?
325
1200750
3260
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ?
20:04
It's ‘it’.
326
1204010
2340
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻž'.
20:06
Remember in the present simple tense, for ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, we add an ‘s’
327
1206350
5500
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž
20:11
or ‘es’ to the verb.
328
1211850
2350
āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻŦāĻž 'es' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
20:14
The verb here is ‘leave’ so we simply add an ‘s’.
329
1214200
4240
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'leave' āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 's' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
20:18
The correct answer is, ‘The airplane leaves tonight.’
330
1218440
3829
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĨ¤'
20:22
In the second sentence, it says, ‘Does the movie _blank_ soon?’
331
1222269
7910
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻšāĻ˛āĻšā§āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ _blank_?'
20:30
And we're using the verb ‘start’.
332
1230179
3181
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻļā§āĻ°ā§' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
20:33
What is the subject of this sentence?
333
1233360
2699
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§€?
20:36
It’s ‘movie’.
334
1236059
2440
āĻāĻŸāĻž 'āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŋ'āĨ¤
20:38
And what subject pronoun do we use for movie?
335
1238499
3251
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ?
20:41
It’s ‘it’.
336
1241750
1529
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻž'.
20:43
So it's like saying, ‘Does it _ blank _ soon?’
337
1243279
4091
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤, 'āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡?'
20:47
Well this is a question, so we already have the correct word in the front - ‘does’.
338
1247370
7170
āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ - 'does'.
20:54
For he/she/it, when we're asking a question, we use ‘does’.
339
1254540
6050
āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ/āĻ¸ā§‡/āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
21:00
Now all we have to do is use the same verb in its base form,
340
1260590
6170
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻāĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž,
21:06
so ‘Does the movie start soon?’
341
1266760
2659
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻŦā§‡?'
21:09
We do not add an ‘s’ or ‘es’ here.
342
1269419
4621
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 's' āĻŦāĻž 'es' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
21:14
Finally, it says, ‘Viki _ blank _ tomorrow.’
343
1274040
4660
āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ­āĻŋāĻ•āĻŋ _ āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ _ āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĨ¤'
21:18
The subject of the sentence is ‘Vicki’.
344
1278700
2609
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ­āĻŋāĻ•āĻŋ'āĨ¤
21:21
‘Vicki’ is a girl so the subject pronoun is ‘she’.
345
1281309
5791
'āĻ­āĻŋāĻ•āĻŋ' āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
21:27
You'll remember now that forâ€Ļ in this case, we put ‘works’.
346
1287100
3980
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡... āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ•āĻžāĻœ' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
21:31
w-o-r-k-s ‘works’.
347
1291080
2790
āĻ•āĻžāĻœ 'āĻ•āĻžāĻœ'āĨ¤
21:33
‘Vicki works tomorrow.’
348
1293870
4799
'āĻ­āĻŋāĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĨ¤'
21:38
Now let's find the mistakes in the sentence below.
349
1298669
3271
āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
21:41
‘He do leave at 3:30 p.m.’
350
1301940
3489
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§‡ ā§ŠāĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ'
21:45
Actually there's only one mistake.
351
1305429
3261
āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĨ¤
21:48
Can you find it?
352
1308690
1410
āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ–ā§āĻœā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°?
21:50
‘He do leave at 3:30 p.m.’
353
1310100
5140
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ 3:30 āĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨'
21:55
We do not need the ‘do’ here.
354
1315240
3130
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 'āĻĄā§' āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤
21:58
We only use ‘do’ in a question or in the negative form.
355
1318370
4770
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§āĻ§ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡ 'do' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
22:03
But also the subject is ‘he’, so we would use ‘does’.
356
1323140
4240
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦāĨ¤
22:07
Either way we don't need this here.
357
1327380
3370
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ‡ āĻšā§‹āĻ• āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ° āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤
22:10
Well now we have the verb ‘leave’ with the subject ‘he’.
358
1330750
4130
āĻ†āĻšā§āĻ›āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'he'-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ 'leave' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
22:14
Do you know what to do?
359
1334880
2590
āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡?
22:17
We simply change this to ‘leaves’.
360
1337470
4650
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ 'āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻž' āĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
22:22
Just like we did in the first sentence.
361
1342120
2220
āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
22:24
‘He leaves at 3:30 p.m.’
362
1344340
3650
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ 3:30 āĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨'
22:27
In the next sentence, ‘They don't start school today.’
363
1347990
4899
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻœ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
22:32
We have a negative sentence.
364
1352889
2851
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡.
22:35
‘They don'tâ€Ļ’, that's correct.
365
1355740
3019
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž...', āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
22:38
‘â€Ļdo not’ is correct.
366
1358759
2371
'...āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž' āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
22:41
For subject pronoun ‘they’.
367
1361130
1950
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
22:43
However, in the negative form, we don't have to change the main verb at all.
368
1363080
6200
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
22:49
Therefore, all we will do is say, ‘They don't start school today.’
369
1369280
5629
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻœ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
22:54
No ‘s’.
370
1374909
2051
āĻ¨āĻž 'āĻ¸'āĨ¤
22:56
Finally, ‘Does we eat at noon?’
371
1376960
4780
āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻ‡?'
23:01
Take a look.
372
1381740
1000
āĻāĻ• āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ“.
23:02
What is the subject or subject pronoun in the sentence?
373
1382740
4580
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻ•ā§€?
23:07
The correct answer is ‘we’.
374
1387320
3270
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
23:10
Think about the question form.
375
1390590
2480
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨.
23:13
Do we say ‘do’ or ‘does’ in the question form for the subject pronoun ‘we’?
376
1393070
5609
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡ 'āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡' āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ?
23:18
The correct answer is ‘do’.
377
1398679
2700
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨'āĨ¤
23:21
We say ‘do’.
378
1401379
2841
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻ•āĻ°'āĨ¤
23:24
So the correct way to say this sentence or question is,
379
1404220
3370
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛,
23:27
‘Do we eat at noon?’
380
1407590
3789
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻ‡?'
23:31
Great job guys.
381
1411379
1000
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›āĻŋ.
23:32
You're done with the practice.
382
1412379
1000
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ.
23:33
Thank you for your hard work.
383
1413379
2160
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ ā§‹āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ§āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ.
23:35
Let's move on.
384
1415539
1000
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
23:36
Good job guys.
385
1416539
1711
āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‹ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ°āĻž.
23:38
You put in a lot of practice today.
386
1418250
2330
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž.
23:40
The present simple tense is not easy, and I'm really happy to see how hard you guys
387
1420580
4929
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ
23:45
worked on mastering it.
388
1425509
1670
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ‡ āĻ–ā§āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤
23:47
Be sure to check out my other videos and thank you for watching this video.
389
1427179
4151
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ§āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĨ¤
23:51
I'll see you next time.
390
1431330
2569
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡.
23:53
Bye.
391
1433899
1610
āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
23:55
Hi, everybody.
392
1435509
3221
āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨.
23:58
I'm Esther.
393
1438730
3220
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
24:01
I'm so excited to be teaching you the present continuous tense in this video.
394
1441950
7179
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻœāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤
24:09
This tense is used to describe: an action that's happening right now,
395
1449129
4280
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ: āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ‡ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡,
24:13
a longer action in progress , and something happening in the near future.
396
1453409
5490
āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
24:18
There's a lot to learn, but don't worry I'll guide you through it.
397
1458899
3441
āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ—āĻžāĻ‡āĻĄ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦāĨ¤
24:22
Let's get started.
398
1462340
2630
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ.
24:24
The present continuous tense is used to talk about actions that are happening right now.
399
1464970
7380
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
24:32
For example,
400
1472350
1000
āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ,
24:33
‘I'm teaching English’ and ‘You are studying English.’
401
1473350
4630
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋ' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
24:37
Let's take a look at some more examples.
402
1477980
2539
āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
24:40
The first sentence says, ‘He is watching a movie’.
403
1480519
4461
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨'āĨ¤
24:44
We start with the subject and a ‘be’ verb.
404
1484980
3720
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
24:48
In this case, the subject is ‘he’.
405
1488700
2929
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ'āĨ¤
24:51
For ‘he’ / ‘she’ and ‘it’, we use the ‘be’ verb ‘is’.
406
1491629
5141
'he'/'she' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'it'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž 'is' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
24:56
Then you'll notice I added an ‘-ing’ to the end of the verb ‘watch’.
407
1496770
4920
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ˜āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
25:01
‘He is watching a movie.’
408
1501690
2300
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
25:03
The next sentence says, ‘Tim is playing a computer game.’
409
1503990
5019
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻŸāĻŋāĻŽ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
25:09
He's doing that right now.
410
1509009
2260
āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
25:11
Tim is a ‘he’, therefore, again we use the ‘be’ verb ‘is’.
411
1511269
7040
Tim āĻšāĻ˛ 'he', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ 'is'āĨ¤
25:18
And again you'll notice I added ‘-ing’ to the end of the verb.
412
1518309
4720
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
25:23
The next sentence says,
413
1523029
2370
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
25:25
‘The machine is making a noise.’
414
1525399
3610
'āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
25:29
Now pay attention to the subject, ‘the machine’.
415
1529009
4101
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨, 'āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°'āĨ¤
25:33
What is the proper pronoun?
416
1533110
2370
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋ?
25:35
The answer is ‘it’, therefore we use the ‘be’ verb ‘is’.
417
1535480
4760
āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž 'is' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
25:40
‘The machine is making a noise.’
418
1540240
3860
'āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
25:44
We can also say, ‘It is making a noise’.
419
1544100
3549
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ“ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
25:47
Or the contraction, ‘It's making a noise’.
420
1547649
3681
āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨, 'āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
25:51
And finally, ‘Tom and Ben are speaking English’.
421
1551330
4220
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻŸāĻŽ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨'āĨ¤
25:55
In this case, you'll notice that we use the ‘be’ verb ‘are’.
422
1555550
4319
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ 'are'āĨ¤
25:59
Can you figure out why?
423
1559869
2530
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨?
26:02
That's because Tom and Ben - the subject pronoun for these two is ‘they’.
424
1562399
5461
āĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŸāĻŽ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ - āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
26:07
‘They are speaking English.’
425
1567860
3659
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
26:11
Let's move on to the next usage.
426
1571519
3211
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
26:14
The present continuous tense is also used to describe a longer action in progress.
427
1574730
5559
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ—āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
26:20
Even though you might not be doing the action right now.
428
1580289
4520
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
26:24
Let's take a look at some examples.
429
1584809
2730
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
26:27
The first sentence says,
430
1587539
1250
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
26:28
‘I'm reading an interesting book these days.’
431
1588789
3691
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻœāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
26:32
In this case, the subject is ‘I’, so the ‘be’ verb is ‘am’.
432
1592480
5160
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
26:37
In this example, we use the contraction ‘I'm’ by putting ‘I’ and ‘am’ together.
433
1597640
6029
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻāĻ•āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
26:43
Again, you'll notice there's an ‘-ing’ after the verb.
434
1603669
4061
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ '-ing' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
26:47
The next sentence says,
435
1607730
2010
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
26:49
‘You are studying to become an English teacher.’
436
1609740
3809
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ• āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
26:53
The subject here is ‘you’,
437
1613549
2860
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ',
26:56
therefore the ‘be’ verb is ‘are’.
438
1616409
2400
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'āĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'are'āĨ¤
26:58
Next, ‘Steven is preparing for the IELTS exam.’
439
1618809
5901
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€, 'āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­ā§‡āĻ¨ IELTS āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
27:04
The subject here is ‘Steven’ which is a ‘he’,
440
1624710
4390
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­ā§‡āĻ¨' āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡',
27:09
therefore we use the ‘be’ verb ‘is’.
441
1629100
3329
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž 'is' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
27:12
And finally, ‘John and June are working at a company.’
442
1632429
4710
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻœāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻœā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
27:17
If you look at the subject ‘John and June’, the pronoun for that is ‘they’.
443
1637139
6241
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ 'āĻœāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻœā§āĻ¨' āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
27:23
That's why we use the ‘be’ verb ‘are’.
444
1643380
2549
āĻāĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ 'are'āĨ¤
27:25
‘They are working at a company.’
445
1645929
3250
'āĻ“āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ•ā§‹āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
27:29
Let's move on to the next usage.
446
1649179
2211
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
27:31
The present continuous is also used to talk about near future plans.
447
1651390
5269
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
27:36
Let's take a look.
448
1656659
1000
āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•.
27:37
‘She is meeting some friends tonight.’
449
1657659
3400
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
27:41
That's going to happen in the near future.
450
1661059
2970
āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĻā§‚āĻ° āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡.
27:44
You'll notice that we have 'she', so the ‘be’ verb is ‘is’.
451
1664029
4100
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
27:48
And then we added an ‘-ing’ to the end of the verb ‘meet’.
452
1668129
4880
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'meet' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
27:53
The next example says, ‘We are going on vacation in July.’
453
1673009
5270
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻœā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ›ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
27:58
The subject here is ‘we’, therefore we use the ‘be’ verb ‘are’.
454
1678279
4931
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'we', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ 'are'āĨ¤
28:03
We can also use a contraction and say, ‘We're going on vacation in July.’
455
1683210
5360
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻœā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ›ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
28:08
Again, another near future plan.
456
1688570
3290
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
28:11
The next example says,
457
1691860
2169
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
28:14
‘David is learning to drive tomorrow.’
458
1694029
2650
'āĻĄā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄ āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
28:16
‘tomorrow’ is the near future.
459
1696679
2590
'āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛' āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§ŽāĨ¤
28:19
‘David’ is the subject.
460
1699269
2380
'āĻĄā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄ' āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
28:21
‘David’ is a ‘he’, so we use ‘is’.
461
1701649
4770
'āĻĄā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄ' āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
28:26
And lastly, ‘Vicki and I are teaching English next week.’
462
1706419
4361
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ­āĻŋāĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
28:30
‘Vicky and I’â€Ļ
463
1710780
1729
'āĻ­āĻŋāĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'â€Ļ
28:32
If we think about the subject pronoun is ‘we’.
464
1712509
4000
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
28:36
That's why we used ‘are’.
465
1716509
1760
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'are' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
28:38
‘We are teaching.’
466
1718269
2860
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
28:41
Let's move on.
467
1721129
1951
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
28:43
Now let's talk about the negative form of the present continuous tense.
468
1723080
4740
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
28:47
I have some examples here.
469
1727820
2000
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡.
28:49
These two examples are for actions that are happening right now, or longer actions.
470
1729820
7309
āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻŦāĻž āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯.
28:57
These last two are for near future plans.
471
1737129
3711
āĻāĻ‡ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
29:00
Let's take a look.
472
1740840
1339
āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•.
29:02
The first sentence says, ‘I am not having fun.’
473
1742179
4141
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻœāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
29:06
Now that's not true for me because I am having fun,
474
1746320
2979
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻœāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ,
29:09
but in this example I am not having fun.
475
1749299
4240
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻœāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
29:13
You'll notice that the word ‘not’ goes between the ‘be’ verb and the ‘verb
476
1753539
5470
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ 'not' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'verb
29:19
-ing’.
477
1759009
1000
-ing'-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
29:20
In the second example it says, ‘Jane isn't doing her homework.’
478
1760009
4620
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
29:24
Here we use the contraction ‘isn't’ for ‘is not’,
479
1764629
4930
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'is not'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'isn't' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ,
29:29
so just like the first sentence, we put ‘not’ between ‘is’ and ‘verb -ing’.
480
1769559
6031
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'is' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'verb -ing'-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ 'not' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
29:35
The next sentence says, ‘You're not seeing him tonight.’
481
1775590
5250
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
29:40
Here we have a contraction for ‘you are’.
482
1780840
3280
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‹' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
29:44
‘You're not seeing him tonight.’
483
1784120
3080
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
29:47
And finally, ‘We are not running tomorrow morning.’
484
1787200
4250
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĻā§ŒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
29:51
Here we have the subject ‘we’, therefore, we use the ‘be’ verb ‘are’.
485
1791450
4710
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ 'we', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ 'are'āĨ¤
29:56
Don’t forget to add a ‘not’ after that to make it negative.
486
1796160
5560
āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¨āĻž' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
30:01
Let's move on.
487
1801720
1000
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
30:02
Now let's talk about how to form ‘be’ verb questions in the present continuous tense.
488
1802720
6240
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
30:08
The first example here says,
489
1808960
1599
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
30:10
‘Is he waiting for you?’
490
1810559
2271
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻĒā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡?'
30:12
or ‘Is he waiting for you?’
491
1812830
2140
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻĒā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡?'
30:14
We start with the ‘be’ verb.
492
1814970
2429
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
30:17
Take a look at the subject though.
493
1817399
1910
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤
30:19
The subject is ‘he’ and that's why we start with the ‘be’ verb ‘is’.
494
1819309
4171
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž 'is' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
30:23
‘Is he waiting for you?’
495
1823480
2590
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻĒā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡?'
30:26
You can answer, ‘Yes, he is.’
496
1826070
2700
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
30:28
or ‘No he isn't.’
497
1828770
1779
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
30:30
The second sentence says,
498
1830549
2070
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
30:32
‘Are you coming to class?’
499
1832619
2640
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
30:35
The subject here is ‘you’ and that's why we start with ‘are’.
500
1835259
4050
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'are' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
30:39
‘Are you coming to class?’
501
1839309
2561
'āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
30:41
You can answer, ‘Yes I am.’ or ‘No, I'm not.’
502
1841870
5139
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋāĨ¤' āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻ‡āĨ¤'
30:47
The next question says, ‘Is he preparing to study in Canada?’
503
1847009
4881
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
30:51
The subject is ‘he’, and so we start with ‘is’.
504
1851890
3999
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
30:55
The answer can be, ‘Yes, he is.’
505
1855889
2900
āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡, 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
30:58
or it can also be ‘No, he isn't.’
506
1858789
3640
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ“ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ 'āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
31:02
Finally the last question says, ‘Are they going out tonight?’
507
1862429
4901
āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡?'
31:07
The subject here is ‘they’, and so we start with ‘are’.
508
1867330
4839
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
31:12
The answer can be ‘Yes, they are.’
509
1872169
3360
āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĨ¤'
31:15
or ‘No, they aren't.’
510
1875529
2661
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
31:18
Let's move on.
511
1878190
1010
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
31:19
Now let's talk about the WH question form for the present continuous tense.
512
1879200
5490
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ WH āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
31:24
I have some examples here
513
1884690
2359
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡
31:27
and you'll notice that we start with the WH questions:
514
1887049
3940
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž WH āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ:
31:30
what, where, when, who, why, and how.
515
1890989
5831
āĻ•āĻŋ, āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ•ā§‡, āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
31:36
What comes after?
516
1896820
1469
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡?
31:38
You'll notice it's the ‘be’ verbs: ‘are’, ‘is’, and if the subject is ‘I’, ‘am’.
517
1898289
7230
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž: 'are', 'is', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ 'I', 'am'āĨ¤
31:45
So after that you have the subject and then the verb -ing.
518
1905519
6260
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° subject āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° verb -ing āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
31:51
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
519
1911779
1850
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
31:53
‘What are you doing?’
520
1913629
1721
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‹?'
31:55
I'm asking about right now.
521
1915350
2840
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ.
31:58
For example, ‘I'm teaching English.’
522
1918190
2750
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
32:00
‘Where are you going?’
523
1920940
2209
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
32:03
‘I'm going to the store.’
524
1923149
2100
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĻā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋ.'
32:05
‘When is it starting?’
525
1925249
3441
'āĻ•āĻŦā§‡ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡?'
32:08
‘It's starting at 3.’
526
1928690
1660
'āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ ā§ŠāĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
32:10
I can be talking about a movie a show anything can be ‘it’.
527
1930350
5630
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛āĻšā§āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļā§‹ 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ' āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
32:15
‘Who is she talking to?’
528
1935980
2520
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡?'
32:18
‘She's talking to Bob.’
529
1938500
1830
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
32:20
‘Why is she crying?’
530
1940330
3059
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻāĻĻāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨?'
32:23
‘She's crying because she's sad.’
531
1943389
2520
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻāĻĻāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ–āĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤'
32:25
And finally, ‘How is it going?’
532
1945909
3510
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡?'
32:29
‘It's going well.’
533
1949419
2771
'āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡.'
32:32
For this checkup of the present continuous tense,
534
1952190
3359
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯,
32:35
we'll look at how this tense can be used to describe an action that's happening right
535
1955549
5091
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡
32:40
now.
536
1960640
1000
āĨ¤
32:41
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
537
1961640
2180
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
32:43
‘You -blank- learning English.’
538
1963820
2979
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ- āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻ›āĨ¤'
32:46
Remember for this tense, we start with the subject and the ‘be’ verb
539
1966799
5060
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž subject āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
32:51
and then the verb ‘-ing’.
540
1971859
2630
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ '-ing' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
32:54
We already have the verb ‘-ing’ here, so we need the ‘be’ verb.
541
1974489
5231
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ '-ing' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤
32:59
The subject in the first sentence is ‘you’.
542
1979720
3409
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
33:03
For ‘you’, ‘we’, and ‘they’, we use the ‘be’ verb - ‘are’,
543
1983129
4780
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ - 'āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡',
33:07
so the correct answer is,
544
1987909
1750
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛,
33:09
‘You are learning English’ right now.
545
1989659
3850
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨'āĨ¤
33:13
The next sentence says,
546
1993509
2160
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
33:15
‘She _blank_ not watching TV.’
547
1995669
3791
'āĻ¸ā§‡ _blank_ āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
33:19
This is the negative form of the present continuous tense.
548
1999460
4199
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĨ¤
33:23
We have the word ‘not’ before the verb ‘-ing’,
549
2003659
4431
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž '-ing' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ 'not' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡,
33:28
However, we're missing the ‘be’ verb again.
550
2008090
3510
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
33:31
What is the be verb to use if the subject is ‘she’?
551
2011600
4079
āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ be āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ?
33:35
the correct answer is ‘is’.
552
2015679
2571
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
33:38
‘She is not watching TV.’
553
2018250
3239
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
33:41
This one says, ‘I _blank_ studying now.’
554
2021489
5961
āĻāĻ‡ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
33:47
The subject here is ‘I’.
555
2027450
2859
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
33:50
Again think of the ‘be’ verb that goes before the subject ‘I’.
556
2030309
5101
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻž 'I' āĻāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
33:55
The ‘be’ verb is ‘am’.
557
2035410
2070
'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
33:57
‘I am studying now.’
558
2037480
3149
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ›āĻŋ.'
34:00
We can also use a contraction and say, ‘I'm studying now’
559
2040629
5520
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ'
34:06
If we wanted to turn this into the negative form,
560
2046149
3371
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡
34:09
we can also say, ‘I'm not studying now.’
561
2049520
4180
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
34:13
Now, take a look at the next sentence and find the mistake.
562
2053700
5070
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
34:18
‘Layla is watch a movie.’
563
2058770
3760
'āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
34:22
Here we have the subject and the subject pronoun for Layla would be ‘she’.
564
2062530
4880
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
34:27
We have the correct ‘be’ verb - ‘is’,
565
2067410
4030
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• 'āĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ - 'is',
34:31
However, you'll notice we forgot the ‘-ing’ at the end of the verb.
566
2071440
6250
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
34:37
We need to say, ‘watching’.
567
2077690
3030
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡, 'āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›āĻŋ'āĨ¤
34:40
‘Layla is watching a movie.’
568
2080720
4250
'āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
34:44
The next sentence says,
569
2084970
1530
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
34:46
‘They playing soccer now.’
570
2086500
2310
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
34:48
What's missing?
571
2088810
1610
āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤?
34:50
If you got it the correct answer is we need the ‘be’ verb – ‘are’
572
2090420
5850
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž- 'āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡' āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°
34:56
because the subject is ‘they’.
573
2096270
2090
āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
34:58
‘They are playing soccer now.’
574
2098360
3310
'āĻ“āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
35:01
And finally, ‘What do you do?’
575
2101670
3830
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°?'
35:05
If you want to ask somebody what they're doing right now,
576
2105500
4480
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ‰āĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ‡ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡,
35:09
you say, 'what’... and the ‘be’ verb – ‘are...
577
2109980
6840
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻ•ā§€'... āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž - 'āĻ†āĻšā§āĻ›āĻž...
35:16
you..
578
2116820
1700
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ..
35:18
doing?’
579
2118520
1690
āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
35:20
‘What are you doing?’
580
2120210
4200
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‹?'
35:24
Let's move on to the next practice.
581
2124410
1680
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤
35:26
For this checkup we'll talk about the present continuous tense
582
2126090
4130
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦ
35:30
and how it can be used to describe an action that started in the past and continues today.
583
2130220
6210
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻœ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
35:36
It's a longer action.
584
2136430
2020
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ.
35:38
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
585
2138450
2230
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
35:40
‘He _blank_ studying economics.’
586
2140680
3770
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
35:44
Remember for this tense, we take the subject, a ‘be’ verb, and then verb ‘-ing’.
587
2144450
6930
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ‡, āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž '-ing'āĨ¤
35:51
Here we already have the verb ‘-ing’, ‘studying’.
588
2151380
3890
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ '-ing', 'studying' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
35:55
So what are we missing?
589
2155270
1390
āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤?
35:56
The ‘be’ verb.
590
2156660
1610
'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
35:58
The correct ‘be’ verb for the subject ‘he’ is ‘is’.
591
2158270
3130
'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'is'āĨ¤
36:01
So, ‘He is studying economics.’
592
2161400
5300
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
36:06
The next sentence says, ‘They're _blank_ for the fight.’
593
2166700
4560
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ˛āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ _blank_'
36:11
The verb we want to use is ‘train’.
594
2171260
3230
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻŸā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨'āĨ¤
36:14
Now we already have the 'be' verb here.
595
2174490
2880
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
36:17
It's in the contraction ‘there’ because it's ‘they are’.
596
2177370
5150
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
36:22
All we have to do now is add ‘-ing’ to the verb.
597
2182520
5340
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĨ¤
36:27
‘They're training for the fight these days.’
598
2187860
4770
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻœāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ˛āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
36:32
And ‘We _blank_ teaching at the school.’
599
2192630
4370
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž _āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ_ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤'
36:37
Again we're missing the ‘be’ verb.
600
2197000
3140
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
36:40
What is the ‘be’ verb for ‘we’?
601
2200140
2800
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ•ā§€?
36:42
The correct answer is ‘are’.
602
2202940
2760
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
36:45
‘We are teaching at the school.’
603
2205700
4780
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
36:50
Now let's look for the mistakes in the next sentence.
604
2210480
4010
āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ–ā§‹āĻāĻœāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
36:54
‘Ben is study to become a doctor.’
605
2214490
4800
'āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
36:59
Can you find the error?
606
2219290
2500
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨?
37:01
Well we have the subject and we have the proper ‘be verb’.
607
2221790
4380
āĻ†āĻšā§āĻ›āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• 'āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
37:06
What we're missing is the ‘-ing’ at the end of ‘study’.
608
2226170
5900
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ…āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨' āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing'āĨ¤
37:12
The correct answer is, ‘Ben is studying to become a doctor’.
609
2232070
6200
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
37:18
Let's look at the next sentence.
610
2238270
1710
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
37:19
‘I don't reading that book.’
611
2239980
3300
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
37:23
hmm
612
2243280
1060
āĻšā§āĻŽ
37:24
‘I don't reading that book.’
613
2244340
2550
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
37:26
To form the negative in the present continuous, we don't use ‘do’ or ‘does’
614
2246890
6740
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž
37:33
We use the ‘be’ verb.
615
2253630
2060
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
37:35
What is the be verb for ‘I’?
616
2255690
2460
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° be āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ•ā§€?
37:38
The correct answer is ‘am’.
617
2258150
2200
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
37:40
‘I am not reading that book.’
618
2260350
6060
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
37:46
There is no contraction for ‘am not’.
619
2266410
3680
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤
37:50
Finally, ‘They are to learn English.’
620
2270090
4490
āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĨ¤'
37:54
We have the subject and we have the correct ‘be’ verb,
621
2274580
4080
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• 'āĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡,
37:58
but remember we need verb ‘-ing’.
622
2278660
3240
āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° '-ing' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
38:01
Therefore, the correct answer is,
623
2281900
3050
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛,
38:04
‘They are learning English.’
624
2284950
4570
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
38:09
Let's move on to the next checkup.
625
2289520
2890
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
38:12
For this checkup we'll take a look at how the present continuous tense
626
2292410
4250
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯
38:16
can be used to talk about future plans.
627
2296660
2770
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŦ
38:19
Let's take a look.
628
2299430
1720
āĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•.
38:21
The first sentence says, ‘They're play a game tonight.’
629
2301150
4270
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
38:25
The verb we want to use is ‘play’.
630
2305420
3850
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž'āĨ¤
38:29
Remember we start with the subject and here we have it, ‘they’.
631
2309270
4610
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
38:33
Then we have the ‘be’ verb.
632
2313880
2060
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡.
38:35
In this case we used a contraction for ‘they are – ‘they’re’.
633
2315940
5220
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ - 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
38:41
That's correct.
634
2321160
1020
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•.
38:42
After that we have to add ‘-ing’ to the end of the verb,
635
2322180
5310
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡,
38:47
so the correct answer is, ‘They're playing a game tonight.’
636
2327490
5220
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
38:52
The next sentence says, 'We _blank_ not studying tomorrow.’
637
2332710
6600
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
38:59
Looks good but there's a word that's missing.
638
2339310
3010
āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤
39:02
This is the negative form because we have ‘not’.
639
2342320
3160
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡.
39:05
We simply need the ‘be’ verb for ‘we’.
640
2345480
2850
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤
39:08
The correct ‘be’ verb is ‘are’.
641
2348330
2910
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• 'be' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'are'āĨ¤
39:11
‘We are not studying tomorrow.’
642
2351240
4230
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
39:15
The next sentence says, ‘Lynn is _blank_ out tonight.’
643
2355470
4530
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ _blank_ āĻ†āĻ‰āĻŸāĨ¤'
39:20
and we want to use the verb ‘go’.
644
2360000
3210
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'go' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤
39:23
Remember 'Lynn' and then the ‘be’ verb – ‘is’.
645
2363210
4150
'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨' āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° 'āĻšāĻ“' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž - 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ'āĨ¤
39:27
That's correct.
646
2367360
1260
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•.
39:28
All we have to do is add ‘-ing’.
647
2368620
2230
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĨ¤
39:30
‘Lynn is going out tonight.’
648
2370850
5710
'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
39:36
To make this negative you can say,
649
2376560
2450
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨,
39:39
‘Lynn is not going out tonight.’
650
2379010
2300
'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
39:41
or ‘Lynn isn't going out tonight.’
651
2381310
2570
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
39:43
The next sentence says, ‘Laura isn't study this evening.’
652
2383880
6590
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ˛āĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻœ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
39:50
Can you find the mistake?
653
2390470
3030
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨?
39:53
Remember we have to add ‘-ing’ to the end of the verb,
654
2393500
4880
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡,
39:58
so we need to say,
655
2398380
1880
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡,
40:00
‘Laura isn't studying this evening.’
656
2400260
6130
'āĻ˛āĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻœ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
40:06
The next sentence says,
657
2406390
1470
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
40:07
‘My sons will playing chess later.’
658
2407860
3900
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻŦā§‡āĨ¤'
40:11
We are talking about a future plan,
659
2411760
2580
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›āĻŋ,
40:14
so you might be tempted to use ‘well’ or ‘will’, I'm sorry.
660
2414340
4930
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ 'āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ‡āĻšā§āĻ›āĻž' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ˛ā§āĻŦā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ–āĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤
40:19
However, instead of saying ‘will’, we use the ‘be’ verb.
661
2419270
3760
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, 'āĻ‡āĻšā§āĻ›āĻž' āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
40:23
‘My sons are playing chess later.’
662
2423030
6560
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
40:29
And finally, ‘She's not to eating dinner tonight.’
663
2429590
4350
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
40:33
There's an extra word in here that we don't need.
664
2433940
3610
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤
40:37
What is it?
665
2437550
1620
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻŋ?
40:39
It's ‘to’.
666
2439170
1410
āĻāĻŸāĻž 'āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡'āĨ¤
40:40
Remember, subject - ‘be’ verb, not verb ‘-ing’.
667
2440580
5900
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, subject - 'be' verb, not verb '-ing'.
40:46
We do not need ‘to’ in this sentence.
668
2446480
2860
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ 'to' āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤
40:49
All right well that's the end of this checkup.
669
2449340
3790
āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ.
40:53
Let's move on.
670
2453130
1000
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
40:54
Good job, everyone.
671
2454130
1470
āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
40:55
You just completed the lesson on the present continuous tense.
672
2455600
4260
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
40:59
This tense is not easy but you did a great job.
673
2459860
3120
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
41:02
And keep watching to learn more.
674
2462980
2030
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
41:05
I know English can be difficult but with practice and effort you will improve.
675
2465010
4900
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
41:09
I promise.
676
2469910
1340
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
41:11
See you in the next video.
677
2471250
4270
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
41:15
Hi, everyone.
678
2475520
6900
āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨.
41:22
I'm Esther.
679
2482420
1270
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
41:23
In this video, I'm going to introduce the present perfect tense.
680
2483690
4630
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻĢā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
41:28
This tense can be used to talk about an action that happened in the past,
681
2488320
4410
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡,
41:32
but when it happened is not very important or it’s unknown.
682
2492730
5160
āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
41:37
It can also be used to talk about an action that started in the past and continues in
683
2497890
5940
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻšāĻ¤ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡
41:43
the present.
684
2503830
1350
āĨ¤
41:45
We really want to emphasize how long that action has been happening.
685
2505180
5100
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ‡ āĻœā§‹āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
41:50
And finally, we use this tense to talk about a recent action.
686
2510280
4860
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
41:55
There's a lot to learn and a lot of important information, so keep watching.
687
2515140
8150
āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
42:03
Let's talk about one usage of the present perfect tense.
688
2523290
3870
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
42:07
This tense can be used to talk about an action that happened in the past.
689
2527160
4690
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
42:11
But when it happened is not important or not known.
690
2531850
5420
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤
42:17
However, this action is important to the conversation right now.
691
2537270
5400
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻāĻ‡ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨā§‹āĻĒāĻ•āĻĨāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻĒāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤
42:22
Let's take a look at some examples.
692
2542670
2620
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
42:25
The first one says, ‘I have been to Canada.’
693
2545290
4400
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻĄāĻž āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
42:29
What we do here is we start with the subject, ‘I’.
694
2549690
4230
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
42:33
For ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’, and ‘they’, we follow with ‘have’.
695
2553920
5230
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
42:39
After that we use the past participle of the verb.
696
2559150
3770
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° past participle āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
42:42
In this case, the verb is ‘be’.
697
2562920
2330
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ 'āĻšāĻŦā§‡'āĨ¤
42:45
And so the past participle is ‘been’.
698
2565250
2480
āĻ†āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§€āĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
42:47
‘I have been to Canada.’
699
2567730
3400
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻĄāĻž āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
42:51
The next sentence says, ‘My cousins have seen the movie.’
700
2571130
4660
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
42:55
My cousins is a ‘they’.
701
2575790
2480
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ°āĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
42:58
And so again, we follow with ‘have’.
702
2578270
3450
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
43:01
And the past participle of see is ‘seen’.
703
2581720
3570
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž'āĨ¤
43:05
‘They have seen the movie.’
704
2585290
2750
'āĻ“āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻžāĻŸāĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
43:08
Or ‘My cousins have seen the movie.’
705
2588040
2150
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
43:10
The next example says, ‘Chad has gone home.’
706
2590190
4390
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻšāĻžāĻĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
43:14
Chad is a ‘he’.
707
2594580
3270
āĻšāĻžāĻĻ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
43:17
For ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, we follow with ‘has’.
708
2597850
4480
'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
43:22
Then, the past participle ‘gone’ is for the verb ‘go’.
709
2602330
5080
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°, past participle 'gone' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ 'go' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
43:27
‘Chad has gone home.’
710
2607410
3300
'āĻšāĻžāĻĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
43:30
And finally, ‘My phone has been fixed.’
711
2610710
3430
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĢā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
43:34
My phone is an ‘it’.
712
2614140
2280
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĢā§‹āĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'.
43:36
Therefore, I use ‘has’.
713
2616420
2930
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
43:39
And then I need the past participle of ‘be’ – ‘been’.
714
2619350
3540
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° 'āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡' - 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
43:42
‘My phone has been fixed.’
715
2622890
3400
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĢā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
43:46
Let's move on to the next usage.
716
2626290
2350
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
43:48
The present perfect tense is also used to describe an action that started in the past
717
2628640
5710
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛
43:54
and continues in the present.
718
2634350
2460
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤
43:56
‘for’ and since’ are common expressions used with the present perfect tense.
719
2636810
6110
'for' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ since' āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ°āĻžāĻļāĻŋāĨ¤
44:02
Let's take a look at these examples.
720
2642920
2360
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŸāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•.
44:05
‘I have worked there since 2002.’
721
2645280
4240
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 2002 āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
44:09
You'll notice we start with the subject.
722
2649520
1850
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
44:11
If it's ‘I’, ‘you’ or ‘we’, we have ‘have’.
723
2651370
5110
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° ' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
44:16
Then the past participle of the verb.
724
2656480
2840
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° past participle.
44:19
In this case - ‘worked’.
725
2659320
2330
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ - 'āĻ•āĻžāĻœ'āĨ¤
44:21
What you'll notice here is that we also have ‘since 2002’.
726
2661650
5110
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ '2002 āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡' āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
44:26
This shows when the action started, so with the expression ‘since’, you need to use
727
2666760
5720
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ 'āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡', āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡
44:32
a specific point in time.
728
2672480
2920
āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
44:35
The next example does the same thing.
729
2675400
2600
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡.
44:38
‘You have had a car since last year.’
730
2678000
3520
'āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
44:41
Again, we use ‘since’, so we have a specific point in time - ‘last year’.
731
2681520
7330
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'sence' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ - 'āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°'āĨ¤
44:48
Take a look at the next example.
732
2688850
2040
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
44:50
‘Anna has liked him for weeks.’
733
2690890
3060
'āĻ†āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ• āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
44:53
In this case the subject is ‘Anna’.
734
2693950
2530
āĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻž'āĨ¤
44:56
Which is a ‘she’, and so we use ‘has’.
735
2696480
3060
āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
44:59
Then the past participle ‘liked’.
736
2699540
3260
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž 'āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ•'āĨ¤
45:02
However, at the end of the sentence, we see ‘for weeks’.
737
2702800
5440
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯' āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤
45:08
Not ‘since weeks’.
738
2708240
1980
'āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡' āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
45:10
When we use ‘for’, we talk about the duration.
739
2710220
3560
āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'for' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋāĨ¤
45:13
We explain how long this action has been true.
740
2713780
4240
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋā§ˇ
45:18
And finally, ‘We have eaten lunch here for 3 months.’
741
2718020
4790
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 3 āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
45:22
Again, the sentence ends with ‘for 3 months’.
742
2722810
3750
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, '3 āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻœāĻž āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
45:26
So we show the duration.
743
2726560
3100
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨.
45:29
Let's move on to the next usage.
744
2729660
3010
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
45:32
In addition, the present perfect tense can be used to describe an action that recently
745
2732670
5600
āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ
45:38
stopped.
746
2738270
1000
āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
45:39
Let’s take a look at some examples.
747
2739270
2280
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
45:41
‘I have just been to the doctor,’
748
2741550
3360
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŦā§‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ,'
45:44
So just like for all the other usages, we start with the subject,
749
2744910
4250
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹āĻ‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ,
45:49
‘have’ or ‘has’, and the past participle.
750
2749160
3520
'have' āĻŦāĻž 'has', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ past participle.
45:52
But you'll notice here, I used the word ‘just’ between ‘have’ and the verb.
751
2752680
6220
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'have' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ 'āĻļā§āĻ§ā§' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
45:58
‘I have just been to the doctor.’
752
2758900
3420
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
46:02
This shows that it happened very recently.
753
2762320
3760
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
46:06
The next example says, ‘James has just seen his new baby.’
754
2766080
4660
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻœā§‡āĻŽāĻ¸ āĻ¸āĻŦā§‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
46:10
Again, just goes in between ‘have’ or ‘has’ and the verb.
755
2770740
6160
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻļā§āĻ§ā§ 'have' āĻŦāĻž 'has' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
46:16
Take a look at the next example.
756
2776900
2840
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
46:19
It says, ‘She has already been to China.’
757
2779740
3960
āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻšā§€āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
46:23
‘already’ is another word you can use to show that this action recently happened.
758
2783700
5880
'āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡' āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
46:29
However, ‘already’ can also be moved to the end of the sentence.
759
2789580
5770
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, 'āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡' āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
46:35
So it's perfectly fine to say, ‘She has been to China already.’
760
2795350
6160
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻšā§€āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
46:41
And in the last example, ‘We have recently visited Tom.’
761
2801510
4140
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŸāĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
46:45
Again, you can put this word between ‘have’ or ‘has’ and the verb.
762
2805650
5890
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ 'have' āĻŦāĻž 'has' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
46:51
Or you can also put it at the end of the sentence.
763
2811540
2960
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
46:54
‘We have visited Tom recently.’
764
2814500
3920
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŸāĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
46:58
Let's move on.
765
2818420
1000
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
46:59
Let's take a look at the negative form of the present perfect tense.
766
2819420
4640
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
47:04
Here are some examples.
767
2824060
1940
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻƒ.
47:06
The first one says, ‘I have not been to Europe.’
768
2826000
3280
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
47:09
What you'll notice in the first sentence is that we simply put a 'not' between ‘have’
769
2829280
6550
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ 'have'
47:15
and ‘been’.
770
2835830
1000
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'been'-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'not' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
47:16
‘I have not been to Europe.’
771
2836830
3580
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
47:20
You can also use a contraction and say ‘I haven't been to Europe.’
772
2840410
5920
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
47:26
The next sentence says, ‘It has not rained for 3 months.’
773
2846330
5120
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, 'ā§Š āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
47:31
Again, we put the ‘not’ between the ‘has’ and the verb.
774
2851450
4860
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ 'not' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
47:36
‘It has not rained for 3 months.’
775
2856310
4150
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
47:40
Here we have a time expression to show the duration.
776
2860460
4460
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
47:44
The next example says, ‘Teddy hasn't driven for 2 years.’
777
2864920
5730
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻŸā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ 2 āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
47:50
We used the contraction here for ‘has’ and ‘not’ – ‘hasn't’.
778
2870650
5040
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 'has' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'not' - 'hasn'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
47:55
And then we use the time expression ‘for 2 years’ at the end of the sentence.
779
2875690
6500
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '2 āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯' āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
48:02
And finally, the last sentence says, ‘My sons haven't played soccer since 2010.’
780
2882190
7510
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ°āĻž 2010 āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
48:09
We see another contraction here for ‘have not’ – ‘haven't’.
781
2889700
5120
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 'have not' - 'haven't'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
48:14
‘My sons haven't played soccer since 2010.’
782
2894820
4950
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ°āĻž 2010 āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
48:19
This time expression uses ‘since’.
783
2899770
2430
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ 'se' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
48:22
And so we mention a specific point and time.
784
2902200
4380
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻĒāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ‰āĻ˛ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ– āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
48:26
Let's move on.
785
2906580
1130
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
48:27
Now let's take a look at the ‘have’ or ‘has’ question form of the present perfect
786
2907710
5340
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤
48:33
tense.
787
2913050
1240
āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° 'have' āĻŦāĻž 'has' āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
48:34
Take a look at the board.
788
2914290
1970
āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤
48:36
The first sentence says, ‘Mike has eaten lunch.’
789
2916260
4080
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻŽāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
48:40
That is a statement.
790
2920340
1430
āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋ.
48:41
Now to turn it into a question, it's quite easy.
791
2921770
3960
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœāĨ¤
48:45
All you have to do is put ‘has’ at the beginning.
792
2925730
3790
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'has' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĨ¤
48:49
Then you follow with the subject and then the past participle.
793
2929520
4810
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸āĻŋāĻĒāĻ˛ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
48:54
You'll notice that the placement of the past participle doesn't change.
794
2934330
4750
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
48:59
We've simply changed the order of the first 2 words.
795
2939080
3820
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ 2āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
49:02
‘Has Mike eaten lunch?’
796
2942900
2350
'āĻŽāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡?'
49:05
‘Has Mike eaten lunch?’
797
2945250
3000
'āĻŽāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡?'
49:08
And you can answer by saying ‘Yes, he has.’ or ‘No, he hasn't.’
798
2948250
5690
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡' āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
49:13
The next sentence says, ‘They have watched the video.’
799
2953940
4860
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
49:18
This is a statement.
800
2958800
1760
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĨ¤
49:20
If we want to turn it into a question, again, we change the order of the first two words.
801
2960560
6290
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡, āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
49:26
‘Have theyâ€Ļ?’
802
2966850
1860
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡â€Ļ?'
49:28
And the past participle verb stays in the same place.
803
2968710
3820
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ past participle verb āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ—āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤
49:32
‘Have they watched the video?’
804
2972530
2670
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡?'
49:35
‘Have they watched the video?’
805
2975200
3320
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡?'
49:38
You can answer this question by saying, ‘Yes, they have.’
806
2978520
3900
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
49:42
or ‘No, they haven't.’
807
2982420
2020
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
49:44
Good job, guys.
808
2984440
1710
āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‹ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ°āĻž.
49:46
Let's move on.
809
2986150
1000
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
49:47
Now, I'll briefly introduce how to ask WH questions in the present perfect tense.
810
2987150
6300
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻĒā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ¯ā§āĻ—ā§‡ WH āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
49:53
Take a look at the board.
811
2993450
1630
āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤
49:55
I have ‘where’, ‘what’, ‘who’, and ‘how’.
812
2995080
4430
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ 'āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ', 'āĻ•ā§€', 'āĻ•ā§‡', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
49:59
These go at the beginning of the question.
813
2999510
3290
āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨.
50:02
Let's take a look at the first example.
814
3002800
1870
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
50:04
‘Where has Tim been?’
815
3004670
2870
'āĻŸāĻŋāĻŽ āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛?'
50:07
You'll notice we followed the WH word with ‘has’ or ‘have’.
816
3007540
5520
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻŦāĻž 'have' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ WH āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
50:13
In this case, I used ‘has’ because the subject is ‘Tim’, and Tim is a ‘he’.
817
3013060
6290
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'Tim', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Tim āĻšāĻ˛ 'he'āĨ¤
50:19
And then we followed that with the past participle of the verb.
818
3019350
4190
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
50:23
‘Where has Tim been?’
819
3023540
2480
'āĻŸāĻŋāĻŽ āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛?'
50:26
And I can answer by saying, ‘Tim has been home.’
820
3026020
3690
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻŸāĻŋāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
50:29
or ‘Tim has been on vacation.’
821
3029710
2890
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻŸāĻŋāĻŽ āĻ›ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
50:32
Something like that.
822
3032600
1300
āĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§.
50:33
The next question says, what countries have you visited?
823
3033900
3730
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻĻā§‡āĻļ āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?
50:37
I can answer by saying, ‘I have visited China.’
824
3037630
4360
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšā§€āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
50:41
or ‘I have visited Mexico.’
825
3041990
2630
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•ā§‹āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
50:44
You can also use the contraction ‘I’ve’.
826
3044620
2540
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
50:47
‘I've visited China.’
827
3047160
2780
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšā§€āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
50:49
The next question says, ‘Who has she talked to?’
828
3049940
3850
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡?'
50:53
You can answer by saying, ‘She has talked to her mom.’ or ‘She has talked to her
829
3053790
5660
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤' āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°
50:59
teacher.’
830
3059450
1000
āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ•ā§‡āĻ°
51:00
The next question says, ‘How long have you been married?’
831
3060450
4640
āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĨ¤' āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ•āĻ¤āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
51:05
‘I've been married for 3 years.’
832
3065090
3430
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ ā§Š āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°āĨ¤'
51:08
That's one answer that you can give.
833
3068520
2620
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨.
51:11
Great job, everybody.
834
3071140
1350
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
51:12
Let's move on.
835
3072490
1430
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
51:13
For this checkup, we'll take a look at the present perfect tense.
836
3073920
3910
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻŦāĨ¤
51:17
Which describes an action that happened at
837
3077830
2450
āĻ¯āĻž
51:20
an unknown or indefinite time in the past.
838
3080280
3860
āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
51:24
Let's look at the first sentence.
839
3084140
1630
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
51:25
‘She _blank_ read that book.’
840
3085770
3710
'āĻ¸ā§‡ _blank_ āĻŦāĻ‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤'
51:29
The subject in this sentence is ‘she’.
841
3089480
3310
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
51:32
For he/she/it, in this tense we say, ‘has’.
842
3092790
5110
āĻ¸ā§‡/āĻ¸ā§‡/āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ, 'has'āĨ¤
51:37
‘She has’.
843
3097900
1830
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
51:39
Now, take a look at the verb.
844
3099730
2480
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
51:42
It looks like ‘read’.
845
3102210
2170
āĻāĻŸāĻž 'āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ' āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ.
51:44
But remember we need to use the past participle of the verb.
846
3104380
4000
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
51:48
So It's actually ‘read’.
847
3108380
1990
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡ 'āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž'.
51:50
‘read’ and ‘read’ are spelled the same.
848
3110370
2710
'āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§āĻ¨' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§āĻ¨' āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻ‡āĨ¤
51:53
‘She has read that book.’
849
3113080
2870
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ‡āĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
51:55
The second sentence says, ‘They _blank_ visit China.’
850
3115950
4940
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž _āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ_ āĻšā§€āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤'
52:00
‘visit’ is the verb that you want to use here.
851
3120890
3660
'āĻ­āĻŋāĻœāĻŋāĻŸ' āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤
52:04
For ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’ and ‘they’, we use ‘have’.
852
3124550
4670
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
52:09
Not ‘has’.
853
3129220
1480
'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡' āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
52:10
‘They have’
854
3130700
2080
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'
52:12
Now, what's the past participle of visit?
855
3132780
3720
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋ?
52:16
The answer is ‘visited’.
856
3136500
2180
āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ­āĻŋāĻœāĻŋāĻŸ'āĨ¤
52:18
‘They have visited China.’
857
3138680
3270
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§€āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
52:21
Next, ‘We _blank_ see that concert.’
858
3141950
5290
āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŸāĻŋ _blank_ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
52:27
Again, for ‘I’, ‘you’, we’ and ‘they’ – we use ‘have’.
859
3147240
5320
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' - āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
52:32
‘We have’.
860
3152560
1750
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'.
52:34
Now, the past participle of ‘see’ is 'seen'.
861
3154310
4830
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, 'āĻĻā§‡āĻ–' āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž'āĨ¤
52:39
‘We have seen that concert.’
862
3159140
3260
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
52:42
Now, let's look for the mistake in the next sentence.
863
3162400
4610
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
52:47
‘Rick have been to Cuba.’
864
3167010
3450
'āĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ‰āĻŦāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
52:50
Take a look at the subject, ‘Rick’.
865
3170460
2780
'āĻ°āĻŋāĻ•' āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤
52:53
Rick is a ‘he’.
866
3173240
2370
āĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
52:55
So instead of ‘have’, we need to change this to ‘has’.
867
3175610
5060
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'have' āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ 'has'-āĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
53:00
‘Rick has been to Cuba.’
868
3180670
2670
'āĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ‰āĻŦāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
53:03
‘Sally and I hasn't finished work.’
869
3183340
6160
'āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
53:09
The subject in this sentence is ‘Sally’ and ‘I’.
870
3189500
2640
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
53:12
The pronoun for that is ‘we’.
871
3192140
4590
āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
53:16
‘We hasn't finished work.’
872
3196730
2980
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
53:19
That still sounds weird, right?
873
3199710
2520
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ–āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ…āĻĻā§āĻ­ā§āĻ¤ āĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻž?
53:22
We have to change this to ‘have not’ or the contraction ‘haven't’.
874
3202230
7160
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ 'have not' āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ 'haven't' āĻāĨ¤
53:29
And finally, ‘I did go to the doctor.’
875
3209390
4560
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤'
53:33
Now this sentence makes sense, but it's not the present perfect tense.
876
3213950
4860
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
53:38
We have to change it.
877
3218810
1880
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
53:40
Remember, we use ‘have’ for the subject, ‘I’.
878
3220690
5040
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ, 'I'āĨ¤
53:45
But we're not done.
879
3225730
2200
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤
53:47
What is the past participle of ‘go’?
880
3227930
6050
'āĻ—ā§‹'-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻ•ā§€?
53:53
It is ‘gone’.
881
3233980
1190
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'.
53:55
‘I have gone to the doctor.’
882
3235170
3780
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
53:58
Great job.
883
3238950
1000
āĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§‚āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ.
53:59
Let's move on to the next checkup.
884
3239950
2180
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
54:02
In this checkup, we'll talk about the present perfect tense
885
3242130
3490
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦ
54:05
and how it can be used to describe an action that started in the past and is still true
886
3245620
6010
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻœāĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡
54:11
today.
887
3251630
1420
āĨ¤
54:13
The first sentence says, ‘I _blank_ known Carly since 1994.’
888
3253050
5800
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ 1994 āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
54:18
The subject is ‘I’.
889
3258850
2110
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
54:20
And we already have the past participle of the verb, ‘know’.
890
3260960
4330
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ'āĨ¤
54:25
Which is ‘known’.
891
3265290
1960
āĻ¯āĻž 'āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻž'āĨ¤
54:27
What are we missing?
892
3267250
1340
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤?
54:28
The correct answer is ‘have’.
893
3268590
1850
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'have'āĨ¤
54:30
For ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’ and ‘they’, we use ‘have’ after the subject.
894
3270440
7450
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
54:37
The next sentence says,
895
3277890
1330
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
54:39
‘He has been here _blank_ 2 p.m.’
896
3279220
4350
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ _blank_ 2 pm'
54:43
Now the first part is all there.
897
3283570
2930
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
54:46
‘He has been’.
898
3286500
1930
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'.
54:48
However, remember that for the present perfect tense,
899
3288430
3390
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯,
54:51
we use ‘for’ or ‘since’ to talk about how long that action has been true.
900
3291820
6010
āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'for' āĻŦāĻž 'sence' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
54:57
In this case, we use ‘since’.
901
3297830
3380
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'sence' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
55:01
Because 2 p.m. is a specific period in time.
902
3301210
5290
āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ° ā§¨āĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
55:06
Next it says, ‘She _blank_ liked Tom since June.’
903
3306500
4860
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ _blank_ āĻœā§āĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŸāĻŽāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
55:11
The subject is ‘she’.
904
3311360
2410
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
55:13
And we have the past participle of the verb ‘like’, which is 'liked'.
905
3313770
5630
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ 'like' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¯āĻž 'āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ'āĨ¤
55:19
What are we missing?
906
3319400
1460
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤?
55:20
Again, we need ‘have’ or ‘has’.
907
3320860
2820
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'have' āĻŦāĻž 'has' āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
55:23
Because the subject is ‘she’...
908
3323680
3240
āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'...
55:26
Can you figure out which one you need?
909
3326920
2900
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨?
55:29
The correct answer is ‘has’.
910
3329820
2310
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'has'āĨ¤
55:32
‘She has liked Tom since June.’
911
3332130
3570
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻœā§āĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŸāĻŽāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
55:35
Now, I want you to find a mistake in the next sentence.
912
3335700
4930
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
55:40
‘I have worked here six months ago.’
913
3340630
4690
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ›āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
55:45
Can you find a mistake here?
914
3345320
1790
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨?
55:47
‘I have worked’ - that's correct.
915
3347110
3500
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ' - āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
55:50
However, in the present perfect tense, we don't use ‘ago’.
916
3350610
5950
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
55:56
This is talking about more the past.
917
3356560
2960
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
55:59
We want to talk about ‘since’ or ‘for’ instead.
918
3359520
4370
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯' āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤
56:03
Now ‘six months’ is not a specific time.
919
3363890
3650
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ 'āĻ›āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸' āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
56:07
So we don't use ‘since’.
920
3367540
2160
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'sence' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
56:09
Instead, we talk about the duration.
921
3369700
3450
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋāĨ¤
56:13
So we need ‘for’.
922
3373150
2500
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯'āĨ¤
56:15
We'll say, ‘I have worked here for six months.’
923
3375650
5150
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ›āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
56:20
Let's take a look at the next sentence.
924
3380800
2140
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
56:22
‘Jen have a cold for two weeks.’
925
3382940
4400
'āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
56:27
At first glance, this doesn't seem that wrong.
926
3387340
3580
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ¨āĻœāĻ°ā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
56:30
But remember, Jen is a ‘she’.
927
3390920
3560
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
56:34
So we need ‘has’.
928
3394480
1170
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'has' āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
56:35
‘Jen has’.
929
3395650
1380
'āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
56:37
But wait a minute, ‘Jen has have a cold’?
930
3397030
5380
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻ• āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŸ āĻ…āĻĒā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨, 'āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'?
56:42
That's not right either.
931
3402410
1000
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ“ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
56:43
We need the past participle of ‘have’.
932
3403410
3960
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'have'-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤
56:47
What is the past participle?
933
3407370
2370
āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻŋ?
56:49
The correct answer is ‘had’.
934
3409740
2120
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'had'āĨ¤
56:51
‘Jen has had a cold for two weeks.’
935
3411860
5590
'āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
56:57
And finally, ‘We haven't went home since Friday.’
936
3417450
5360
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
57:02
This one is a little tricky.
937
3422810
1280
āĻāĻ‡ āĻāĻ• āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻšāĻ¤ā§āĻ°.
57:04
The subject is ‘we’.
938
3424090
2180
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
57:06
‘We have... have not’.
939
3426270
2430
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡... āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡'āĨ¤
57:08
That's correct.
940
3428700
1100
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•.
57:09
The contraction is ‘haven't’.
941
3429800
1980
āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
57:11
‘We haven't’.
942
3431780
1330
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡'āĨ¤
57:13
Now the problem is, we have this verb ‘went’.
943
3433110
4230
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻšāĻ˛, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ—āĻ˛ā§‹' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
57:17
That's in the past simple tense.
944
3437340
2790
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ°āĨ¤
57:20
We need the past participle of ‘go’.
945
3440130
2350
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻ—ā§‹'-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
57:22
The correct answer is ‘gone’.
946
3442480
4430
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛'āĨ¤
57:26
‘We haven't gone home since Friday.’
947
3446910
4450
'āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
57:31
Good job, guys.
948
3451360
2460
āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‹ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ°āĻž.
57:33
Let's move on to the next checkup.
949
3453820
2010
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
57:35
In this checkup, we'll take a look at the present perfect tense.
950
3455830
3840
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻĢā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻŦāĨ¤
57:39
And how it is used to describe an action that finished recently.
951
3459670
4750
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
57:44
We'll be focusing on the words, ‘just’, ‘already’ and ‘recently’ to show this.
952
3464420
5580
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'āĻļā§āĻ§ā§', 'āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻĢā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦāĨ¤
57:50
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
953
3470000
1860
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
57:51
‘She has just _blank_ that book.’
954
3471860
3700
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ‡āĻŸāĻž āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
57:55
And we're using the verb, ‘read’.
955
3475560
2410
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ, 'āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§āĻ¨'āĨ¤
57:57
Remember, we take the subject, ‘she’.
956
3477970
2570
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ‡, 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
58:00
And for ‘he’, ‘she’ and ‘it’, we say ‘has’.
957
3480540
4310
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻšāĻžāĻ¸'āĨ¤
58:04
So that's correct.
958
3484850
1760
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•.
58:06
Now we need the past participle of ‘read’.
959
3486610
3850
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻ°āĻŋāĻĄ' āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
58:10
And that is ‘read’.
960
3490460
2310
āĻ†āĻ° āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž'āĨ¤
58:12
‘She has just read that book.’
961
3492770
4190
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻ‡āĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
58:16
You'll notice I use the word, ‘just’ right before the past participle.
962
3496960
6590
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ, 'āĻļā§āĻ§ā§' āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĨ¤
58:23
Next it says, ‘They have already’ and the verb is ‘wake up’.
963
3503550
6090
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻœāĻžāĻ—ā§‹'āĨ¤
58:29
If the subject is ‘he’, ‘she’, or ‘it’, we use ‘has’.
964
3509640
4460
āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', āĻŦāĻž 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
58:34
But if the subject is ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’ or ‘they’, we use ‘have’.
965
3514100
5700
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
58:39
So that's correct.
966
3519800
1940
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•.
58:41
‘They have’.
967
3521740
1290
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'.
58:43
Also we have the word ‘already’ here to show that it happened recently
968
3523030
4790
āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ 'āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĻ›ā§‡
58:47
or that it finished recently.
969
3527820
2630
āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
58:50
Now the verb is ‘wake up’.
970
3530450
2390
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻœāĻžāĻ—ā§‹'āĨ¤
58:52
We need the past participle of ‘wake up’,
971
3532840
3610
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻœāĻžāĻ—ā§‹'āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨,
58:56
and that is ‘woken up’.
972
3536450
5350
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻœāĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¤'āĨ¤
59:01
So the answer is,
973
3541800
1800
āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛,
59:03
‘They have already woken up.’
974
3543600
3590
'āĻ“āĻ°āĻž āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻœā§‡āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
59:07
The next sentence says,
975
3547190
1200
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
59:08
‘We have recently _blank_ work.’
976
3548390
3860
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ _blank_ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
59:12
And the verb is ‘finish’.
977
3552250
1820
āĻ†āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻļā§‡āĻˇ'āĨ¤
59:14
‘We have’, that's correct.
978
3554070
2550
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡', āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
59:16
And we have the word 'recently' to show when the action finished.
979
3556620
4080
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻļāĻ¨ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
59:20
And now we need to find the past participle of the verb ‘finish’.
980
3560700
5180
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻļā§‡āĻˇ' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
59:25
The correct answer is.
981
3565880
1280
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛āĨ¤
59:27
‘We have recently finished, -ed, work.’
982
3567160
5050
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
59:32
Now try to find the mistake in the next sentence.
983
3572210
6260
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
59:38
‘Morty has eaten just.’
984
3578470
4130
'āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
59:42
This sounds a little strange, right?
985
3582600
2750
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻ…āĻĻā§āĻ­ā§āĻ¤ āĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻž?
59:45
That's because ‘just’ needs to come before the verb.
986
3585350
4810
āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ 'āĻļā§āĻ§ā§' āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
59:50
Therefore, the answer is ‘Morty has just eaten.’
987
3590160
4740
āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
59:54
The next sentence says, ‘Karen has recently be sick.’
988
3594900
5630
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
60:00
Karen is a ‘she’.
989
3600530
3190
āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
60:03
So ‘has’ is correct.
990
3603720
2670
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'has' āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
60:06
And there we have ‘recently’.
991
3606390
2470
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ'āĨ¤
60:08
Now we need the past participle of the verb.
992
3608860
3900
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŖāĻžāĨ¤
60:12
‘be’ is our verb and the past participle of ‘be’ is ‘been’.
993
3612760
6240
'be' āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'be'-āĻāĻ° past participle āĻšāĻ˛ 'been'āĨ¤
60:19
‘Karen has recently been sick.’
994
3619000
2940
'āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĨ¤'
60:21
And finally, ‘I have gone already to the dentist.’
995
3621940
5680
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
60:27
This is similar to another question we looked at just before.
996
3627620
3770
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
60:31
‘I have gone already to the dentist.’
997
3631390
4020
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
60:35
The placement of ‘already’ is a little awkward.
998
3635410
5070
'āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°ā§€āĨ¤
60:40
So we can say, ‘I have already gone.’
999
3640480
4150
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
60:44
So we can put ‘already’ before the verb,
1000
3644630
2990
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ 'āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ,
60:47
‘I have already gone to the dentist’
1001
3647620
3140
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ'
60:50
Or we can put this at the end,
1002
3650760
2720
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ,
60:53
‘I have gone to the dentist already.’
1003
3653480
2940
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
60:56
Both of those are correct.
1004
3656420
2810
āĻ āĻĻā§āĻŸā§‹āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
60:59
Now, good job.
1005
3659230
2090
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ.
61:01
That is the end of the checkup.
1006
3661320
1720
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒ āĻļā§‡āĻˇāĨ¤
61:03
Let's move on.
1007
3663040
1000
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
61:04
Excellent job, everyone.
1008
3664040
2070
āĻšāĻŽā§ŽāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
61:06
You just learned about the present perfect tense.
1009
3666110
2690
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
61:08
There was a lot to learn, but you did a wonderful job.
1010
3668800
3560
āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻŽā§ŽāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
61:12
Keep studying English.
1011
3672360
1680
āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
61:14
I know that It's hard, but you will get better with time, effort and practice.
1012
3674040
5000
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāĻ¨, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
61:19
I'll see you in the next video.
1013
3679040
4400
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
61:23
Hi, everyone.
1014
3683440
6690
āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨.
61:30
Welcome to the video.
1015
3690130
1700
āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤āĻŽāĨ¤
61:31
In this video, I’ll introduce the Present Perfect Continuous English Tense.
1016
3691830
5530
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ Present Perfect Continuous English Tense āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦāĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ
61:37
This tense can be used to talk about an action
1017
3697360
3070
āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž
61:40
that started in the past and continues in the present.
1018
3700430
3880
āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡
61:44
It can also be used to talk about an action that hasn't happened recently.
1019
3704310
5690
āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤
61:50
And finally, it can also be used to talk about an action that recently stopped.
1020
3710000
5510
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
61:55
There's a lot to learn, so keep watching.
1021
3715510
5490
āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
62:01
You can use the present perfect continuous tense
1022
3721000
3470
āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡
62:04
to talk about an action that started in the past and continues in the present.
1023
3724470
5820
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĨ¤
62:10
We want to emphasize duration
1024
3730290
2220
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻœā§‹āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡
62:12
and you can do that by using ‘for’ or ‘since’ in your sentence.
1025
3732510
4760
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ 'for' āĻŦāĻž 'sence' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
62:17
Let's take a look at some examples.
1026
3737270
2090
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
62:19
‘Charles has been studying English for an hour.’
1027
3739360
5010
'āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛āĻ¸ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻŖā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
62:24
Take a look at the subject, ‘Charles’.
1028
3744370
2880
'āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛āĻ¸' āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
62:27
The subject pronoun for Charles is ‘he’.
1029
3747250
3280
āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
62:30
And that's why we say ‘has’.
1030
3750530
1830
āĻ†āĻ° āĻāĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
62:32
After that, we add ‘been’ and then verb ‘-ing’.
1031
3752360
5330
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'been' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
62:37
In this case, ‘studying.’
1032
3757690
2640
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, 'āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
62:40
You'll also notice that at the end of the sentence we have for an hour.
1033
3760330
5030
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
62:45
That shows how long this action has been happening.
1034
3765360
3900
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
62:49
When you use ‘for’, you emphasize the duration. ‘for an hour’.
1035
3769260
5130
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ 'āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻœā§‹āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ 'āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯'.
62:54
‘Charles has been studying English for an hour.’
1036
3774390
4940
'āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛āĻ¸ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻŖā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
62:59
Let's take a look at the next sentence.
1037
3779330
2170
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
63:01
‘Lily has been playing the piano for 2 years.’
1038
3781500
4510
'āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋ 2 āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻŦāĻžāĻœāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
63:06
In this case, Lily is a ‘she’ and that's why, again, we say ‘has’.
1039
3786010
6020
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ'āĨ¤
63:12
You'll notice again, we have ‘been’ and then verb ‘-ing’.
1040
3792030
4610
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, we have 'been' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° verb '-ing'āĨ¤
63:16
In this case, ‘playing’.
1041
3796640
2180
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, 'āĻŦāĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹'āĨ¤
63:18
At the end of this sentence, we also used ‘for’.
1042
3798820
4000
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'for'āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
63:22
and then ‘two years’.
1043
3802820
2000
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° 'āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°'āĨ¤
63:24
So again, we're showing how long this has been happening.
1044
3804820
4910
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
63:29
The next sentence is a little different.
1045
3809730
2410
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
63:32
‘It has been growing since June.’
1046
3812140
3010
'āĻœā§āĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
63:35
So it can be something like a plant.
1047
3815150
3350
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻ­āĻŋāĻĻ āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡.
63:38
The plant or it has been growing since June.
1048
3818500
5070
āĻ—āĻžāĻ›āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ•āĻŋ āĻœā§āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
63:43
Here we use ‘since’, not ‘for’.
1049
3823570
3650
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'se' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ, 'for' āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
63:47
What's the difference?
1050
3827220
1430
āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻŋ?
63:48
We use a specific point in time with since.
1051
3828650
3580
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°.
63:52
We don't say ‘Since two hours’.
1052
3832230
2560
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻ˜āĻŖā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡' āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
63:54
No, we say ‘When the action started since June.’
1053
3834790
5140
āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻœā§āĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻļāĻ¨ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
63:59
And finally, ‘Dan and I have been working since 6 a.m.’
1054
3839930
5650
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻĄā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ 6 āĻŸāĻž āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ'
64:05
The subject pronoun for ‘Dan and I’ is ‘We’.
1055
3845580
3970
'āĻĄā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
64:09
Therefore we use ‘have’.
1056
3849550
1720
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
64:11
At the end of the sentence, we have ‘since 6 a.m.’
1057
3851270
5080
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ 'sence 6 am'
64:16
Remember that with ‘since’, we talked about a specific point in time when the action
1058
3856350
5430
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ 'sence'-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻĒāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
64:21
started.
1059
3861780
1540
āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤
64:23
Let's move on.
1060
3863320
1360
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
64:24
The present perfect continuous can also be used without emphasizing duration.
1061
3864680
6170
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ“ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻœā§‹āĻ° āĻ¨āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
64:30
In this case, we mean ‘lately’.
1062
3870850
2650
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚' āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĨ¤
64:33
This action has been happening ‘lately’,
1063
3873500
3070
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚' āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡,
64:36
and so we can use the word ‘lately’ or ‘recently’ to explain this.
1064
3876570
5580
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
64:42
Let's take a look at some examples.
1065
3882150
1810
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
64:43
‘You have been missing many classes lately.’
1066
3883960
4300
'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¸āĨ¤'
64:48
You'll notice that at the end of the sentence I use the word ‘lately'
1067
3888260
4530
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚' āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ
64:52
to describe when this action has been happening.
1068
3892790
3560
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
64:56
You can also use lately at the beginning of the sentence.
1069
3896350
3670
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
65:00
For example, ‘Lately, you have been missing many classes.’
1070
3900020
4990
āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ, 'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
65:05
The next example says, ‘Recently, Toby has been running every day.’
1071
3905010
6220
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŸāĻŦāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
65:11
In this sentence, we used ‘recently’ at the beginning
1072
3911230
3370
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ
65:14
to show when does action has been happening.
1073
3914600
3450
āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
65:18
You can also use ‘recently’ at the end of the sentence.
1074
3918050
3270
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 'recently' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
65:21
‘Toby has been running everyday recently.’
1075
3921320
3930
'āĻŸāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ°ā§‹āĻœ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
65:25
In this example, the subject is Toby and so we use ‘has’ after Toby.
1076
3925250
6460
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ Toby āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž Toby āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
65:31
Because Toby is a ‘he’.
1077
3931710
2760
āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŸāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
65:34
The next example says, ‘Lately, Dana has been swimming a lot.’
1078
3934470
4770
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
65:39
Again, we use ‘lately’ at the beginning of this sentence,
1079
3939240
3700
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ,
65:42
but you can also use it at the end.
1080
3942940
3010
āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤
65:45
Dana is a ‘she’ and so we followed this subject with ‘has’.
1081
3945950
5790
āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
65:51
And finally, ‘We've been practicing English together recently.’
1082
3951740
4650
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
65:56
‘We’ is the subject of this sentence and so we use ‘have’.
1083
3956390
5270
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
66:01
Here, we use the contraction ‘We’ve’.
1084
3961660
2940
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'We've' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
66:04
‘We have’ become ‘We've’.
1085
3964600
2790
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ'āĨ¤
66:07
‘We've been practicing English together recently.’
1086
3967390
4250
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻšāĻ°ā§āĻšāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
66:11
We can put ‘recently’ at the end,
1087
3971640
2510
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 'recently' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ,
66:14
or we can say ‘Recently we've been practicing English together.’
1088
3974150
5590
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
66:19
Let's move on.
1089
3979740
1260
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
66:21
The present perfect continuous tense and also be used to talk about an action that recently
1090
3981000
6190
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ
66:27
stopped and has a present result.
1091
3987190
3470
āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
66:30
Let's take a look at the example.
1092
3990660
2240
āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
66:32
‘I'm tired because I have been running.’
1093
3992900
3570
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĻā§ŒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
66:36
The second part of the sentence, ‘I have been running’
1094
3996470
3470
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›āĻŋ'
66:39
is using the present perfect continuous tense.
1095
3999940
3490
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
66:43
This is the action that recently stopped.
1096
4003430
2510
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
66:45
And as a result, ‘I'm tired’.
1097
4005940
3350
āĻ†āĻ° āĻāĻ° āĻĢāĻ˛ā§‡ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤'āĨ¤
66:49
This is the present result.
1098
4009290
2260
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛āĨ¤
66:51
What's happening now, because of this.
1099
4011550
2560
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻž āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĨ¤
66:54
‘I'm tired.’.
1100
4014110
1910
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤.'.
66:56
The next example says, ‘The street is wet because it has been raining.’
1101
4016020
5430
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, 'āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
67:01
This is very similar to the first sentence.
1102
4021450
2680
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤
67:04
Here, we know that it has been raining.
1103
4024130
3010
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
67:07
And this action recently stopped.
1104
4027140
2810
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡.
67:09
As a result, in the present, The street is wet.
1105
4029950
4240
āĻĢāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
67:14
The street is wet right now because of this action.
1106
4034190
5380
āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
67:19
The next example says, ‘You don't understand because you haven't been listening.’
1107
4039570
6350
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
67:25
You'll notice here that we use the negative.
1108
4045920
2490
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
67:28
Here's the contractions, ‘haven't’ or ‘have not’
1109
4048410
4720
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨, 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'
67:33
because of this action, you haven't been listening,
1110
4053130
3260
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž,
67:36
now you don't understand.
1111
4056390
3460
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
67:39
In the last example, we switch the order a little bit.
1112
4059850
3490
āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
67:43
‘I've been studying all night.’
1113
4063340
3170
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
67:46
There is the present perfect continuous tense.
1114
4066510
3150
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
67:49
This is the action that stopped recently.
1115
4069660
2340
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
67:52
And here is the result.
1116
4072000
1950
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛.
67:53
‘Now, I'm exhausted.’
1117
4073950
3080
'āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤'
67:57
Great job, everyone.
1118
4077030
1310
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
67:58
Let's move on.
1119
4078340
1560
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
67:59
Let's take a look at the negative form of the present perfect continuous tense.
1120
4079900
4920
āĻšāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
68:04
Here are some examples.
1121
4084820
1290
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻƒ.
68:06
‘I have not been feeling well these days.’
1122
4086110
4370
'āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
68:10
At the end of the sentence we have ‘these days’ to show that this is an action that's
1123
4090480
5350
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ 'āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻž
68:15
been happening recently.
1124
4095830
2179
āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
68:18
In the negative form, we have to have ‘not’.
1125
4098009
3161
āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻ¨āĻž' āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
68:21
The ‘not’ goes after have or has.
1126
4101170
3919
'āĻ¨āĻž' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻŦāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
68:25
In this case, the subject is ‘I’, so I use ‘have’.
1127
4105089
4450
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
68:29
‘I have not been feeling well these days.’
1128
4109539
4381
'āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
68:33
We can also use a contraction ‘haven't’ or ‘have not’.
1129
4113920
4250
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'haven't' āĻŦāĻž 'have not' āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
68:38
‘I haven't been feeling well these days.’
1130
4118170
3819
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
68:41
The next sentence says, ‘Sue has not been cooking lately.’
1131
4121989
4620
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¸ā§ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
68:46
We have ‘lately’ at the end of this sentence,
1132
4126609
3081
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡,
68:49
We can also put ‘lately’ at the beginning of the sentence.
1133
4129690
3899
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ 'āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ'āĻ“ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
68:53
The important part of this sentence is to put ‘not’ after ‘has’.
1134
4133589
4101
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻšāĻ˛ 'has'-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ 'not' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĨ¤
68:57
Why did we use ‘has’?
1135
4137690
2490
āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ?
69:00
Because the subject is ‘Sue’ which is a 'she'.
1136
4140180
3450
āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¸ā§' āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
69:03
For ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, we use ‘has’.
1137
4143630
3070
'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
69:06
Again, we can use a contraction ‘hasn't’ for has not.
1138
4146700
5030
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž has not āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'hasn't' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
69:11
‘Sue hasn't been cooking lately.’
1139
4151730
3710
'āĻ¸ā§ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
69:15
The next sentence says, ‘Jeff hasn't been eating healthy food recently.’
1140
4155440
5839
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻœā§‡āĻĢ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
69:21
Again, the ‘recently’ can be used at the beginning or end of this sentence.
1141
4161279
5681
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻž āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ 'recently' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
69:26
We have the contestant ‘hasn't’ here for you.
1142
4166960
4309
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§€ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋ' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
69:31
‘hasn't’ is a contraction for ‘has not’.
1143
4171269
3430
'has not' āĻšāĻ˛ 'has not'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤
69:34
We have ‘has’ because the subject is Jeff which is ‘he’.
1144
4174699
4980
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ 'has' āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ Jeff āĻ¯āĻž 'he'.
69:39
And finally, ‘They haven't been speaking for over a year.’
1145
4179679
5350
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ°āĻ“ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
69:45
In this case, ‘for over a year’ shows duration.
1146
4185029
4060
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, 'āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ' āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
69:49
Remember with ‘for’, you show how long something has been happening.
1147
4189089
5130
'āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯' āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
69:54
In this case, we have a contraction ‘haven't’ or ‘have not’.
1148
4194219
4541
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ 'haven't' āĻŦāĻž 'have not'āĨ¤
69:58
Great job, everybody.
1149
4198760
1939
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
70:00
let's move on.
1150
4200699
1050
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
70:01
Now, let's take a look at how to form the ‘have’ or ‘has’ question
1151
4201749
4341
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯
70:06
for the present perfect continuous tense.
1152
4206090
3210
'have' āĻŦāĻž 'has' āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•
70:09
The first sentence says, ‘He has been reading for an hour,’
1153
4209300
4189
āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨,'
70:13
Now, to turn this into a question,
1154
4213489
3190
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡,
70:16
all we have to do is change the order of the first two words.
1155
4216679
4540
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĨ¤
70:21
So ‘He has’ becomes ‘Has he’.
1156
4221219
3371
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ 'He has' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ“āĻ ā§‡ 'Has he'.
70:24
‘Has he been reading for an hour?’
1157
4224590
3629
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻŖā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ›ā§‡?'
70:28
You'll notice that the second part of the sentence doesn't change.
1158
4228219
3991
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
70:32
‘Has he been reading for an hour?’
1159
4232210
3239
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻŖā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ›ā§‡?'
70:35
To answer, you can simply say, ‘Yes, he has.’ or ‘No, he hasn't.’
1160
4235449
5800
āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤' āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
70:41
The next sentence says, ‘They have been sleeping since 8 p.m.’
1161
4241249
4620
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ 8 āĻŸāĻž āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ˜ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡'
70:45
Again, the second part of the sentence stays the same,
1162
4245869
4141
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡
70:50
and in the beginning, we just switch the first two words.
1163
4250010
3040
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
70:53
‘They have’ become ‘Have they’.
1164
4253050
2529
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž' āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
70:55
‘Have they been sleeping since 8 p.m.?’
1165
4255579
3870
'āĻ“āĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ ā§ŽāĻŸāĻž āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ˜ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡?'
70:59
To answer, you can say, ‘Yes, they have.’
1166
4259449
3601
āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
71:03
or ‘No. they haven't.’
1167
4263050
2090
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ¨āĻž. āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤'
71:05
Great job, everybody.
1168
4265140
2079
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
71:07
Let's move on.
1169
4267219
1151
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
71:08
Now, let's take a look at how to form WH questions in the present perfect continuous tense.
1170
4268370
6590
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ WH āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
71:14
Here, we have some WH question words.
1171
4274960
3720
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ WH āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡.
71:18
‘what’, ‘where’, ‘why’ and ‘how’.
1172
4278680
3450
'āĻ•āĻŋ', 'āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ', 'āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡'āĨ¤
71:22
Let's take a look at the first question.
1173
4282130
2279
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
71:24
‘What have you been doing lately?’
1174
4284409
2931
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
71:27
I can answer by saying, ‘I have been working.’
1175
4287340
3319
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
71:30
or ‘I have been studying.’
1176
4290659
1710
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
71:32
I can also use the contraction ‘I've’.
1177
4292369
2821
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
71:35
‘I've been working.’
1178
4295190
1950
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ.'
71:37
‘I've been studying.’
1179
4297140
1820
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻļā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
71:38
The next question says, ‘Where have you been traveling?’
1180
4298960
3429
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨?'
71:42
‘I have been traveling in Europe.’
1181
4302389
2790
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
71:45
or ‘I've been traveling in Europe.’
1182
4305179
2520
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
71:47
‘Why has he been feeling sad?’
1183
4307699
4351
'āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ–āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĒ?'
71:52
You can answer by saying, ‘He's been feeling sad.’
1184
4312050
3790
āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ– āĻŦā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
71:55
That's the contraction ‘he has’, he's been feeling sad because his pet died.
1185
4315840
6460
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°' āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‹āĻˇāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§€ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ– āĻŦā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
72:02
or ‘He has been feeling sad because he broke up with his girlfriend.’
1186
4322300
4660
āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ– āĻŦā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻŦā§€āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
72:06
Something like that.
1187
4326960
1279
āĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§.
72:08
And ‘How has she been doing?’
1188
4328239
2800
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡?'
72:11
‘How has she been doing?’
1189
4331039
2140
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡?'
72:13
I can say, ‘She's been doing well.’
1190
4333179
3091
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ, 'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
72:16
‘She's’ is a contraction for ‘she has’.
1191
4336270
3490
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡' āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤
72:19
Great job, everyone.
1192
4339760
1520
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
72:21
Let's move on.
1193
4341280
1230
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
72:22
In this checkup, we will talk about the present perfect continuous tense.
1194
4342510
5310
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦāĨ¤
72:27
This tense can be used to describe an event
1195
4347820
3120
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡
72:30
that started in the past and continues in the present.
1196
4350940
3949
āĻ¯āĻž āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤
72:34
Let's take a look.
1197
4354889
1000
āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•.
72:35
The first sentence says,
1198
4355889
2130
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
72:38
‘He has _blank_ all week,’
1199
4358019
2660
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§‡ _blank_ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡,'
72:40
And the verb is ‘sleep’.
1200
4360679
2071
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ˜ā§āĻŽ'āĨ¤
72:42
For this tense, what we do is we first look at the subject, ‘he’.
1201
4362750
4969
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ‡, 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
72:47
For ‘he’, ‘she’ and ‘it’, we put ‘has’.
1202
4367719
4440
'āĻ¸ā§‡', 'āĻ¸ā§‡' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻāĻŸāĻŋ'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
72:52
Then, we add ‘been’. ‘has been’.
1203
4372159
5460
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'been' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'.
72:57
Finally we add ‘-ing’ to the end.
1204
4377619
3201
āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
73:00
‘He has been sleeping all week.’
1205
4380820
5540
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻ˜ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
73:06
The next sentence says, ‘You haven't _blank_ for a year.’
1206
4386360
4759
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡, 'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ _āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ_ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤'
73:11
and the verb is ‘travel’.
1207
4391119
2071
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ'āĨ¤
73:13
Now, this is the negative form.
1208
4393190
3090
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ.
73:16
So you see the contraction - ‘haven't’.
1209
4396280
2290
āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨ - 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
73:18
‘You have not’ or ‘You haven't’.
1210
4398570
2910
'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡' āĻŦāĻž 'āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡'āĨ¤
73:21
Again, what we do after that is add ‘been’.
1211
4401480
4820
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°, āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ 'been' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
73:26
Then, do you remember what to do?
1212
4406300
4199
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°, āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡?
73:30
Add ‘-ing’ to the verb.
1213
4410499
4431
āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
73:34
‘You haven't been traveling for a year.’
1214
4414930
5249
'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
73:40
Next, it says ‘They _blank_ working all day.’
1215
4420179
6090
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
73:46
So the verb ‘-ing’ has already been provided for you.
1216
4426269
4421
āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚ '-ing' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŦāĻ°āĻžāĻš āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
73:50
Now, take a look at the subject.
1217
4430690
2929
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤
73:53
The subject is ‘they’.
1218
4433619
1701
āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
73:55
Should we use ‘have’? or should we use ‘has’?
1219
4435320
4260
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻŋ 'āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤? āĻ¨āĻžāĻ•āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤?
73:59
The correct answer is ‘have’.
1220
4439580
3870
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'have'āĨ¤
74:03
Then what do you put?
1221
4443450
1530
āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨?
74:04
Remember, we put ‘been’.
1222
4444980
2380
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
74:07
‘They have been working all day.’
1223
4447360
4159
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
74:11
Now if you want to make this negative, you can say,
1224
4451519
3281
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨, āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨,
74:14
‘They haven't been working all day.’
1225
4454800
3669
'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤'
74:18
Now find the mistake in the next sentence.
1226
4458469
2871
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
74:21
‘My friends have been watch TV.’
1227
4461340
3580
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
74:24
‘My friends have been watch TV.’
1228
4464920
4310
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
74:29
What's the mistake?
1229
4469230
1340
āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻŋ?
74:30
Remember, we need to add ‘-ing’ to the end of the verb.
1230
4470570
6029
āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
74:36
So we should say,
1231
4476599
2271
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤,
74:38
‘My friends have been watching TV.’
1232
4478870
2860
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
74:41
Next, ‘Sal did talking for 10 minutes.’
1233
4481730
6420
āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°, 'āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ 10 āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŸ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤'
74:48
Hmm..
1234
4488150
1000
āĻšā§āĻŽ..
74:49
Sal is a ‘he'.
1235
4489150
2270
āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ 'āĻ¸ā§‡'āĨ¤
74:51
And ‘talking’ is already there for you.
1236
4491420
2659
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž' āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡.
74:54
So what's in the middle of those two words is the mistake.
1237
4494079
5521
āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĨ¤
74:59
For ‘he’, we use ‘has’.
1238
4499600
2490
'āĻ¸ā§‡'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
75:02
So we say ‘has been’.
1239
4502090
3350
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
75:05
‘Sal has been talking for 10 minutes.’
1240
4505440
3540
'āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŸ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
75:08
And finally,
1241
4508980
1360
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡,
75:10
‘He has been to eat for an hour.’
1242
4510340
3420
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
75:13
Hmm..
1243
4513760
1189
āĻšā§āĻŽ..
75:14
‘He has been’ That's correct.
1244
4514949
3520
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡' āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
75:18
However, in this sentence, the base form of the verb ‘eat’ was used.
1245
4518469
6081
āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ 'āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž' āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤
75:24
Instead, remember we need ‘-ing’.
1246
4524550
7350
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° '-ing' āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
75:31
This is the correct answer.
1247
4531900
1560
āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°.
75:33
‘He has been eating for an hour.’
1248
4533460
3050
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ• āĻ˜āĻŖā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
75:36
All right, good job. and let's move on to the next practice.
1249
4536510
5060
āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ. āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤
75:41
In this practice, we'll take a look at the present perfect continuous tense,
1250
4541570
4669
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻŦ,
75:46
And see how it expresses an action that has been happening recently or lately.
1251
4546239
5590
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŦ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
75:51
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
1252
4551829
1901
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
75:53
‘She has _blank_ bad lately.’
1253
4553730
4380
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ _āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ_ āĻ–āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĒ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
75:58
And the verb is ‘feel’.
1254
4558110
2679
āĻ†āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĻŋ'āĨ¤
76:00
Remember for ‘she’, we use ‘has’.
1255
4560789
3850
'āĻ¸ā§‡'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'has' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
76:04
Then don't forget we need to have ‘been’.
1256
4564639
3641
āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡' āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤
76:08
‘She has been’
1257
4568280
1850
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡'
76:10
After that, we add ‘-ing’ to the verb.
1258
4570130
7569
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
76:17
The correct sentence is,
1259
4577699
1561
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛,
76:19
‘She has been feeling bad lately.’
1260
4579260
3739
'āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻ–āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĒ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤'
76:22
The next sentence says,
1261
4582999
1761
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
76:24
‘We haven't _blank_ much recently.’
1262
4584760
3330
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ _āĻ–āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ_ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤'
76:28
And the verb is ‘cook’.
1263
4588090
2399
āĻ†āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻž'āĨ¤
76:30
This is a negative sentence.
1264
4590489
1920
āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤
76:32
So we say, ‘We have not’ or the contraction - ‘haven't’.
1265
4592409
4391
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ, 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡' āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ - 'āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡'āĨ¤
76:36
‘We haven't’ Don't forget ‘been’, and then verb ‘-ing’.
1266
4596800
7060
'we haven't' āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž 'been', āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° verb '-ing'.
76:43
‘We haven't been cooking much recently.’
1267
4603860
4799
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
76:48
Finally, we move on, let's try to find the mistake.
1268
4608659
5451
āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡, āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
76:54
‘We has been riding bikes to school recently.’
1269
4614110
5030
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
76:59
What's the mistake in this sentence?
1270
4619140
3229
āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻŋ?
77:02
The subject here is ‘We’.
1271
4622369
2250
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž'āĨ¤
77:04
For ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘we’ and ‘they’, we have to say ‘have been’, not ‘has
1272
4624619
7120
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ', 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž'-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ', 'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡' āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ
77:11
been’.
1273
4631739
1741
āĨ¤
77:13
‘We have been riding bikes to school recently.’
1274
4633480
5610
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ• āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
77:19
And for the last one,
1275
4639090
1890
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯,
77:20
‘Jenny lately hasn't been helping me.’
1276
4640980
3280
'āĻœā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
77:24
The lately is placed wrong in this sentence.
1277
4644260
3950
āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
77:28
We have to say,
1278
4648210
2290
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡,
77:30
‘Lately, Jenny hasn't been helping me.’
1279
4650500
5369
'āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚, āĻœā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
77:35
or we can also say,
1280
4655869
3170
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ“ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ,
77:39
‘Jenny hasn't been helping me lately.’
1281
4659039
4560
'āĻœā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤'
77:43
Let's move on to the next checkup.
1282
4663599
2181
āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĨ¤
77:45
In this checkup, we'll talk about the present perfect continuous tense
1283
4665780
4520
āĻāĻ‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦ
77:50
and how it expresses an action that stopped recently
1284
4670300
3500
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡
77:53
but has a present result.
1285
4673800
2750
āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤
77:56
The first sentence says,
1286
4676550
1609
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
77:58
‘I _blank_ . That's why I'm so sweaty.’
1287
4678159
3000
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ _blank_ . āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ˜āĻžāĻŽāĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
78:01
The verb here is ‘exercise’.
1288
4681159
3451
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŽ'āĨ¤
78:04
And the subject is ‘I’.
1289
4684610
1589
āĻ†āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
78:06
Do we use ‘has’ or ‘have’ for the subject ‘I’?
1290
4686199
4590
āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŋ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ' āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ 'has' āĻŦāĻž 'have' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ?
78:10
The correct answer is ‘have’.
1291
4690789
3191
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ 'have'āĨ¤
78:13
Then, we put ‘been’ and then verb ‘-ing’.
1292
4693980
7080
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'been' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° verb '-ing' āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤
78:21
Okay, so the correct answer is,
1293
4701060
7389
āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛,
78:28
‘I have been exercising.
1294
4708449
2750
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
78:31
That's why I'm so sweaty.’
1295
4711199
1770
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ˜āĻžāĻŽāĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
78:32
That's the result.
1296
4712969
1420
āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡ āĻĢāĻ˛āĨ¤
78:34
The next sentence says,
1297
4714389
1770
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡,
78:36
‘I'm covered in flour because I _blank_.’
1298
4716159
3840
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻĻāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĸāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻ†āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ _blank_āĨ¤'
78:39
And the verb is ‘bake’.
1299
4719999
2631
āĻ†āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻŦā§‡āĻ•'āĨ¤
78:42
Take a look.
1300
4722630
1000
āĻāĻ• āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ“.
78:43
I have ‘I'm covered in flour because’
1301
4723630
3909
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻĻāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĸā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ'
78:47
So this first part is the result.
1302
4727539
2580
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛āĨ¤
78:50
I need to show the action that stopped recently in the present perfect continuous tense.
1303
4730119
6100
āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
78:56
Again, the subject is ‘I’.
1304
4736219
2641
āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ˛ 'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ'āĨ¤
78:58
So we use ‘have been’.
1305
4738860
3839
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž 'have been' āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
79:02
Then, all we do is add ‘-ing’ to the end of baking.
1306
4742699
6270
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ āĻŦā§‡āĻ•āĻŋāĻ‚āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĨ¤
79:08
‘I have been baking.’
1307
4748969
3440
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
79:12
So again,
1308
4752409
1171
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ°,
79:13
‘I'm covered in flour because I have been baking.’
1309
4753580
3860
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻĻāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĸā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
79:17
And we can use the contraction and say,
1310
4757440
3210
āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ,
79:20
‘I've been baking.’
1311
4760650
1500
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
79:22
Now, find the mistake in the next sentence.
1312
4762150
4219
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
79:26
‘She has think a lot, so she has a headache.’
1313
4766369
6861
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
79:33
Take a look.
1314
4773230
1989
āĻāĻ• āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ“.
79:35
The result is that ‘she has a headache.’
1315
4775219
2791
āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ āĻ¯ā§‡ 'āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
79:38
So we need to use the present perfect continuous for the first part.
1316
4778010
4790
āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
79:42
‘She has’ is correct.
1317
4782800
3000
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡' āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤
79:45
What's missing?
1318
4785800
1649
āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤?
79:47
Don't forget the ‘been’.
1319
4787449
3081
'āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡' āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
79:50
Also don't forget that we need to add ‘-ing’ to the verb.
1320
4790530
5169
āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ '-ing' āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤
79:55
‘She has been thinking a lot, so she has a headache.’
1321
4795699
6730
'āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤'
80:02
Look at the next sentence and find the mistake.
1322
4802429
2860
āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
80:05
‘I'm so hungry because I have been diet.’
1323
4805289
5730
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
80:11
The only mistake here is that someone forgot to put the ‘-ing’ at the end of the verb,
1324
4811019
6850
āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‰ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ '-ing' āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡,
80:17
‘diet’.
1325
4817869
1480
'āĻ†āĻšāĻžāĻ°'āĨ¤
80:19
The correct answer is,
1326
4819349
2571
āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛,
80:21
‘I'm so hungry because I have been dieting.’
1327
4821920
4090
'āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤'
80:26
Great job, everyone.
1328
4826010
2430
āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡.
80:28
Let's move on.
1329
4828440
1000
āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ‡.
80:29
Thank you so much for watching this grammar course on the present tense.
1330
4829440
4719
āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻ¸āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ§āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĨ¤
80:34
Now, I want you to watch the next grammar course on the past tense.
1331
4834159
3701
āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻ¸āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
80:37
I’ll see you there.
1332
4837860
17990
āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ.
āĻāĻ‡ āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ‡āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡

āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ‡āĻŸāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ YouTube āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻ  āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“ āĻĒā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡āĻŸā§‡āĻ˛āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻŦāĻ˛-āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡āĻŸā§‡āĻ˛āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ā§ˇ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—āĻžāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—āĻžāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7