How to Link: words that begin with H - American English Pronunciation

在本段影片中，我將多談一些連音與省音。我先前已製作過一段影片：連音入門

In this video, I'm going to talk more about linking and reduction. I have done an 'Intro

to Linking' video --- if you haven't seen that already, you might want to check it out.

如果你到現在都還沒看過那段，也許你該去看一看

Today we're going to talk about the situation with the letter H beginning a word. Let's

今天我們要談的（連音、省音）情況與字母 "H" 開頭的字有關

讓我們檢視下面的句子，把它當作一個範例：我會跟她說我們正要離開

look at the following sentence as an example: I'll tell her we're leaving. I'll tell her

我會跟她說我們正要離開。我會跟她說我們正要離開。我會跟她說我們正要離開。

we're leaving. I'll tell her we're leaving. I'll tell her we're leaving. Could you tell

你能分得出我剛才 2種不同念法的差別嗎？。我會跟她說，.. .她 ...

a difference in the two different ways I pronounced this? I'll tell her ... er ... I didn't pronounce

我沒有念出 "her" 中的 H 音。我會跟她說我們正要離開。我把此字 "her" 省音，略過 H 音不念

the H in 'her'. I'll tell her we're leaving. I reduced the word 'her' by leaving out the

H. Perhaps you've noticed this. Native speakers do it quite a lot.

或許你已經注意到此事了，英語為母語的人士經常這麼做

Now, if you drop the H, you have to be certain that you link it to the word before. Tell

如果你把 H 消音，那你必須確定把 "her" 與前一個字連音

her, tell her, it's almost like it becomes one word. Teh-ler, tell her. How do you think

告訴她，告訴她。這個連音聽起來幾乎像是變成一個字般，Tel-ler，告訴她

你認為我會怎麼念這句片語？我會把 H 消音，藉此將此字 "he" 省音

I'm going to pronounce this phrase? I'm going to drop the H, reducing the word 'he'. And

because I'm going to do that, I want to make sure that I really link things. So I'm actually

正因為如此，所以我要確定確實可以連音相關的字

我其實快把 Z 音想作是一個字 "zi" 的第1個音了。Wuh-zi there？他當時在場嗎？

going to almost think of the Z sound as beginning a word 'zi'. Wuh-zi there? Was he there? Was

he there? Try saying that all very smooth and linked. Was he there? Was he there?

他當時在場嗎？盡量把整句話說得非常順暢以及連貫 他當時在場嗎？他當時在場嗎？

在我們更深入了解之前，讓我們很快地談一下標點符號， 如：句號、逗號、冒號、分號、破折號

Before we go further, let's talk quickly about punctuation. A period, a comma, a colon, a

semicolon, a dash: these things will all signify a stop, a break, a pause. So, we don't want

這些符號都代表語氣的停頓、中斷、暫停。

所以，我們不想連音時，中間夾有此類的標點符號。讓我們檢視一個例句：

to link sounds over that kind of punctuation. Let's take a look at an example sentence.

起初他決不肯來，現在則是定期前來。注意一下，那裡有個暫停，就在分號的地方

At first he never came; he now comes regularly. Notice there was that pause there where the

semicolon is. And because of that I didn't link, and I didn't drop the H in 'he' the

因為我沒有連音，所以我沒有對 "he" 中的 H 再次消音

second time. At first he never came: I do drop that H, reducing the word and linking.

他現在則是定期前來。起初他決不肯來，我確實把 H 消音，把 "he" 省音及連音

起初他，起初他，起初他決不肯來，現在則是定期前來

At first he, at first he, at first he never came; he now comes regularly.

那麼，在我們檢視過 "he" 及 "her" 後，還有沒有其他字具有連音的可能性？

So we've looked at 'he' and 'her', what are some other possibilities? If we're going to

如果我們要把一個字省音，這個字必須是一個非重讀的字

reduce a word, it has to be an unstressed word. So let's review which words we'll stress,

那麼，讓我們複習一下哪些是重讀的字，哪些不是重讀的字

and which ones will be unstressed. Content words are stressed. These are nouns, verbs,

內容字是重讀的字，這些字通常是：名詞、動詞、形容詞及副詞

adjectives, and adverbs, in general. Function words will be unstressed. These are words

功能字不是重讀的字

that don't have a meaning on their own, like 'with' or 'if'. These are prepositions, conjunctions,

這些字沒有它們自己的主要字義，如："with" 或 "if"

這些字是：介係詞、連接詞、冠詞及助動詞

articles, and helping verbs. So, common function words beginning with H:

一般 H 開頭的功能字有：has，have，had

has, have, had. These are helping verbs. Example: What have you done? What have you done? Notice

這些是助動詞。例如：你做了什麼事？你做了什麼事？

注意一下，"have" 中的 H 被消音，而且母音實際上也被省音，從 AA[æ] 弱化成 [ə]。uv，uv，uv

that the H is dropped in 'have', and the vowel is actually reduced from aa to the schwa:

uv, uv, uv. That is how we're pronouncing the word 'have' in the sentence. What have,

這就是我們在句子中念此字 "have" 的方式

What have，What have，你做了什麼事？

what have, what have you done? And do note that it's linked to everything around it.

確實注意一下，須把此字與所有與它相鄰的字連音

What have you, what have you, what have you done?

What have you，what have you，你做了什麼事？

另一個例子：我朋友已經看過 2次了。此字 "has" 沒有念出 H

Another example: my friend has seen it twice. The word 'has' is pronounced without the H

而且母音再度被弱化成 [ə]。我的朋友已經，已，已，我朋友已經看過 2次了

and the vowel sound is reduced to the schwa. My friend has, has, has, my friend has seen

it twice. Also, again, it is linked to everything around it. My friend has seen it twice. Now,

又再次出現了，此字與所有與它相鄰的字連音。我朋友已經看過 2次了

現在，我要指出一件事，在 "What have you done?" 中，"have" 是 "done" 的助動詞

I want to point out that in 'What have you done?', 'have' is the helping verb for 'done'.

And in 'My friend has seen it twice', 'has' is the helping verb for 'seen'.

以及在 " My friend has seen it twice" 中，"has" 是 "seen" 的助動詞

Now if these words were the only verb in the sentence, the main verb in the sentence, they

如果 "have" 等這些字是句子裡唯一的動詞，句子裡主要的動詞，就不能把它們省音

wouldn't be reduced. Because then they would be the verb, not a helping verb. For example,

因為它們會是那個有明確字義的動詞，而不是一個助動詞

例如：我有 2個。此刻我雖然可以很快地念過 "have"，但我不可能把 H 消音

I have two. Now, I may say 'have' very quickly, but I'm probably not going to drop the H,

and I'm not going to reduce the vowel. I have two. Because it is the only verb in the sentence.

而且我也不會把母音（[æ]）省音。我有 2個。因為它是句子裡唯一的動詞

Therefore, it is not a helping verb. It is the main verb. I have two.

所以，它不是一個助動詞，它是主要動詞。我有 2個

How do you think I will pronounce 'her' here? If you guessed er, you're right. I saw her

你認為我會怎麼念這裡的 "her" 呢？如果你已猜到是 "er"，你就答對了

我在芝加哥看過她姐姐。我看過 -- 她 --姐姐。看過她姐姐。看過她姐姐。我在芝加哥看過她姐姐

sister in Chicago. I saw -- er -- sister, saw her sister, saw her sister. I saw her

sister in Chicago. And here, how will I pronounce 'his'? Iz,

螢幕這句，我會怎麼念 "his" 呢？Iz，iz

iz, I will drop that H. What was his name again? What was, iz, name again? What was

我會把那個 H 消音。他叫什麼名字來著？ What was, iz, name again?

他叫什麼名字來著？他叫什麼名字來著？

his name again? What was his name again? And how will I pronounce 'him'? I will drop that

我會怎麼念 "him" 呢？我會把那個 H 消音

H. 'Im, 'im. I told him no. I told -- im -- no. I told him no. I told him no. How will

'Im, 'im. 我告訴他不行。我告訴 -- 他 -- 不行。我告訴他不行。我告訴他不行。

我會怎麼念 "his" 呢？我會把 H 消音。你還記不記得 John ？這是他姐姐

I pronounce 'his'? I'm going to drop the H. Do you remember John? This is his sister.

This is -- is -- sister. This is his sister.

這是 -- 他 -- 姐姐。這是他姐姐。

功能字通常不會重讀，而非重讀的字經常被省音 （省音：一個音被消音或被變音成別的母音，如：æ 變音成 ə）

H 開頭的省音字慣常的念法：H 消音，並與前一個字連音

H 開頭並慣常以上述方式省音及連音的字，如下：

當你聆聽英語為母語的人士講話時，請將此事牢記心中

As you listen to native speakers, keep this

in mind. Try to identify it and then imitate it. And when you feel comfortable, bring it

盡量聽出這類省音字，然後模仿它。當你覺得運用自如時，

就把它應用到你日常的言談之中 就這樣，非常感謝使用 Rachel 的英文

into your everyday speech. That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.