FAST ENGLISH SKILLS: How to Speak English Fast with Linking

英语快读技巧：如何运用连读把英语说得快一点

One of the things that makes American English sound so natural and so fast is linking.

使你的美式英语听起来 又快又地道的方法之一便是“连读”

And today, we've invited Tom Kelley, who's a standout Rachel's English teacher, to teach you a lesson.

今天，我们邀请到了“瑞秋美式英语”的杰出教师 Tom Kelley（汤姆 · 凯利）来给大家上课

He's going to take a single sentence from the TV show, Madam Secretary. And he's going to do a full analysis.

他将从电视剧《国务卿女士》中 抽出一个句子来给大家做一个全面的分析

He's going to analyze the rhythm for you, the intonation, and the linking.

他会为大家分析句子中的节奏、语调和连读

Each link, how does each word flow into the next word? He's also going to do a sound analysis.

在每个部分的连读中，前面的词音如何滑向下一个词？ 他将为我们做一个语音分析

This entire lesson, one sentence, takes over 15 minutes. How does Tom do it? How does he go so much in-depth?

本集 Tom 将会怎样利用这至少15分钟的时间， 为大家深度剖析这个选句呢？

Well, when you're done with this, I promise you'll be able to say this sentence absolutely perfectly.

那么，当你听完 Tom 的讲解之后， 我保证你能百分百完美说出这个电视剧中的选句

But also, on top of that, you'll have the tools that you need to be able to do a sentence analysis yourself,

但同样地，有一个前提是 你得亲自运用这套方法来做一下句子分析

to really change the way you hear English, so that you can start speaking English even more naturally.

来改变你输入英语听力的方式， 以此说出更加地道自然的美式英语

Tom, thank you so much for this lesson. We're going to get to him in just a second, but first,

在这里要感谢 Tom 为我们录制这个课程 现在就将时间交给他，那最后再提醒一下

if you haven't subscribed please do with notifications. We make new videos every Tuesday

尚未订阅本频道的朋友们，订阅后记得打开消息通知推送 每周二我们都有视频更新

and we'd love to see you back here. Okay, Tom. Take it away.

希望届时能与你再次相约 好的，Tom，该你出场了

Hi! I'm Tom Kelley, a Rachel's English teacher with Rachel's English Academy.

大家好，我是来自“瑞秋英语学院”的老师 我叫 Tom Kelley（汤姆 · 凯利）

Today, we're going to analyze and practice with a single sentence

今天，我们将分析并练习一个英语单句

and get an enormous amount of information out of it.

在这个句子中，我们会给大家提取大量的信息

I'm going to teach you a technique that you can use on your own

我会教大家一个 人人都能独立掌握的英语技能

as you work on your American English pronunciation.

来运用在你的美式英语发音上

It covers the major concepts of pronunciation like music,

它涵盖发音的主要概念，诸如语调、

rhythm, reductions, linking, and how specific sounds in words are pronounced.

节奏、重弱读、连读以及单词中的具体发音

That's pretty much everything right? Right. So let's get started.

几乎是涵盖所有的概念了对吗？ 没错，那我们开始吧

“瑞秋英语” 美式英语发音指南

The sentence we'll be practicing is from the first episode of the television show "Madam Secretary".

我们将要练习的句子选自 电视剧《国务卿女士》第一集

Let's watch and listen.

我们先来看一下原片段，听下这个句子

We absolutely did the right thing.

“ 我们绝对没有做错 / 我们肯定把事儿做对了 ” （此句后续多次出现，不再重复翻译）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（1）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（2）

Seems simple enough. Six words.

听起来挺简单的 六个单词就说完了

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

What makes this sound like natural American English?

是什么让这个句子听来是一段地道的美语呢？

连读技巧

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

I'm moving smoothly from one sound to the next, keeping everything connected.

我将这几个单词逐一平滑过渡， 使它们紧密衔接在一起

this connected quality combined with the intonation of the voice, creates the music of American English.

这种有联系的过渡结合我们的语调， 就创造出了美式英语中的音乐美

A great way to hear the music of a sentence is to listen to the sentence three or four times in a row.

感受一个英文句子抑扬顿挫的好方法 就是把这个句子连续听上三四遍

Let's try that with this.

我们来试一下

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（1）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（2）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（3）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（4）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Can you hear it?

你感受到了吗？

What do you hear as the peak of the sentence? The syllable that is most stressed

在这个句子中，你听到语调的峰值在哪？ 是最要重读强调的那个音节？

by being highest in pitch, and using the most vocal energy?

把它的音高升到最高，声能发挥到极致？

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（1）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（2）

I hear it as the third syllable of 'absolutely'.

我听到的语调峰值在 “absolutely”这个单词的第3个音节上

Absolutely.

“Absolutely”

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（1）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（2）

When you're listening for the music, it can be helpful to listen for the peak, the most stressed syllable.

当你在感受句子音调起伏的时候，找一下它的峰值， 也就是最强调的音节重音 帮助挺大的

Another practice tool you can use is to practice just the music of a sentence using the UH as in butter vowel.

另外一个练习方法，我们可以用单词“butter” 当中的元音/ ʌ /来模仿一个句子的语调走向 （butter：黄油）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Uuuhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿该句语调中...）<1>

Uuuhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿该句语调中...）<2>

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Uuuhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿该句语调中...）

Do you hear that music? Let's slow it down.

你听到它语调的走势了吗？ 我们试着放慢句子的朗读速度

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（慢速版）

Try and imitate it with me.

尝试跟我一起模仿一遍

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Uuhhhhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿其语调中...）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Uuhhhhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿其语调中...）

Now at regular pace.

现在用常速来试一下

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Uuuhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿其语调中...）<1>

Uuuhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿其语调中...）<2>

Now try and say the sentence using that same music.

现在我们来试一下用同样的语调来说这个句子

Uhhhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿其语调中...）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

It might feel pretty difficult to do, but let's keep analyzing and see if it gets easier by the end.

实操起来也许难度挺大的 不过我们试着继续这样分析下去， 看看最后会不会好上手一点

The important thing right now is that you can hear it.

重点是我们现在能够感受到句子当中的语调了

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Uuuhhh...

（用/ ʌ /音模仿其语调中...）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Now, let's move on to the rhythm of the sentence.

现在，我们来谈谈这个句子的节奏

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

When you study the rhythm of American English, you want to think about using both stressed

当你学习美式英语的节奏时， 你会希望结合重弱读来作演讲

and unstressed syllables in your speech.

Depending on your native language, you may have trouble creating contrast between your syllables.

因我们每个人的母语不同， 在音节间作重弱对比对你来说可能会有点难搞

English is a stress-timed language, so some syllables are longer than others.

英语是重音计拍语言，因此一些音节会比其它的稍长一些 （一重音为一拍，连续轻音叠加只算一拍， 所以每个音节长短不一，为重音计拍）

If you come from a syllable-timed language, where all of the syllables are the same length,

如果你的母语是音节计拍语言， 即所有音节的发音长度相等

this can be quite a challenge.

你就要多下点工夫来练习了

Let's take a look at this sentence and determine which syllables are stressed and which are not.

我们来看这个句子， 确定一下哪个音节要重读，哪个要弱读

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Stressed syllables are longer, they often slide up in the voice and then down, uuhhh.

相比之下，重读音节要长一些， 它们通常音调上扬然后降下来 / ʌ /...

We call that the shape of stress, uuhhh, uuhhh, uuhhh.

这个重音的变化像这样（↗ ↘） / ʌ /...

And they use more vocal energy, making them a little easier to understand.

并且视频里的说话者，为了使这个重音听起来好懂一些， 他们蓄起更多的声能（运用音高、音强、语速和停顿）

Knowing that, how many stressed syllables do you hear?

知道了这点之后， 想想在句子中，你听到了多少重音音节？

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（1）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”（2）

I hear 5 stressed syllables.

我听到的是 5 个重音音节

The first and third syllables of 'absolutely' and the three one-syllable words: 'did, right, and thing'.

分别是单词“absolutely”中的第 1 个和第 3 个音节 以及 3 个单音节词：“did，right 和 thing ”

All of those syllables are a little longer and clearer than the others.

句中所有的重音音节会比其它非重读音节 稍微长一点、听起来清晰一点

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

If you look up the word 'absolutely' - you'll notice that the first syllable is actually a secondary stressed syllable.

如果你查一下“absolutely”这个词， 你会注意到它的第一个音节实际上是次重读的

You can hear that in the way the third syllable slides up a little higher in pitch,

你可以在这个词第 3 个音节的音高上 稍微升高来感受它

making it the primary stressed syllable in the word, and as we discussed earlier,

像前面我们提到过的， 把它作为单词最主要的重读音节

it is actually the primary stressed syllable in the entire phrase. The peak of the sentence musically.

实际上它也是整个句子最强调的、需要被重读的音节 它是这个句子韵律的顶峰

Absolutely

“Absolutely”（1）

Absolutely

“Absolutely”（2）

Absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

All right. What does that leave us with? Our unstressed syllables.

好的 那么重读部分说完了，剩下还有什么内容？ 是我们的非重读音节

'We' is unstressed and spoken very quickly.

“we”这个单词不必强调出来， 说的时候快速点一下就过了

We absolutely-- we, we, we, We absolutely--

“We absolutely” “we，we，we，We absolutely”

The second and fourth syllables of 'absolutely' are unstressed.

在“absolutely”中的第 2 个和第 4 个音节同样要弱读

Absolutely. So-- ly-- So-- ly-- Absolutely.

（音节拆分示范）

And the word THE is unstressed and reduced to just the voiced TH consonant

还有“the”也是要弱读的， 弱读到 th 发浊辅音时（/ð/）

followed by the schwa. The, the, the.

后面跟着非重读央元音（/ə/） （英语中最常用的音，也叫混元音） /ðə/...

Now, let's practice just the rhythm of this word using the sound 'da' - for stressed syllables we'll say DA

现在，让我们来用/da/这个音，来练习一下这个词的节奏 作为重读音节要念/da/

using a D consonant and the AH as in FATHER vowel.

也就是字母D的辅音/d/，组合单词“father”中的元音/a/ （father：父亲）

Whenever practicing stressed syllables we want to practice the shape of stress, as well.

在练习重读音节的时候 我们也要勾画出重音的形态

DA-DA

/da/...（↗ ↘）

For unstressed syllables, we use the D consonant again but this time, followed by a schwa.

那要练习非重读音节的话， 辅音部分我们继续用/d/，元音这次用非重读央元音

da, da.

/də/...

This will be quicker and will be flatter in pitch and will use less vocal energy.

在音高上，非重读音节读得更轻更快 我们用的声能更少（没那么费力）

Da. Da. So we have stressed syllables: DA. DA.

/də/... 对比一下重读音节 /da/...

And unstressed: da. Da. DA. Da. DA. Da.

现在换成非重读 /də/ ... /da/ （↗↘） /də/ （↘↘） × 2

We decided that 'we' was unstressed, so the rhythm of this sentence starts out as: da, da.

我们不强调“we”这个单词， 因此这个句子的节奏在开头是这样的：/də/...

Then 'absolutely' has secondary stress on the first syllable, an unstressed second syllable,

然后 “absolutely”这个词的第 1 个音节是次重读的 第 2 个则是弱读音节

primary stress on the third syllable, and the fourth syllable is also unstressed.

主要重读的是第3个音节，到了第4个则不重读

So that would sound like this:

连起来，这个单词这样发：

da-da-DA-da.

/də/ /də/ /da/ /də/ （↘↘↗↘）<1>

Da-da-DA-da.

/də/ /də/ /da/ /də/ （↘↘↗↘）<2>

So the first two words together, We absolutely, We absolutely, would be:

那么句子中前两个词合起来读， “We absolutely”... 是这样的

da-DA-da-DA-da.

/də/ /da/ /də/ /da/ /də/ （↘↗↘↗↘）<1>

Da-DA-da-DA-da.

/də/ /da/ /də/ /da/ /də/ （↘↗↘↗↘）<2>

We absolutely.

“We absolutely”

We absolutely--

“We absolutely”（1）

We absolutely--

“We absolutely”（2）

We absolutely--

Da-DA-da-DA-da.

“We absolutely”（3）

/də/ /da/ /də/ /da/ /də/ （↘↗↘↗↘）

We absolutely--

“We absolutely”

Then have 'did' - this is stressed, so there's another 'DA'.

接着是“did”的音，要重读，所以继续加一个/da/

'The' is unstressed, right? Da-da. So there we have: da-da.

“the”不重读，对吗？ /də/... 因此，节奏是 /də/...

Next, we have the word 'right' and 'thing'. They're both stressed, so they are both DA.

然后是单词“right”和“thing” 它们都是重读的，所以节奏都是 /da/

DA-DA.

/da/ ...

So, 'did the right thing', 'did the right thing' would be: DA-da-DA-DA.

连起来，“Did the right thing” 听起来是这样的：/da/ /də/ /da/ /da/ （↗↘↗↗）<1>

DA-da-DA-DA.

/da/ /də/ /da/ /da/ （↗↘↗↗）<2>

Did the right thing.

“Did the right thing”<1>

Did the right thing.

“Did the right thing”<2>

Did the right thing.

“Did the right thing”<3>

Now, let's try to put it all together:

现在我们试着把整句连起来说一遍

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-DA.

（音调代入模仿中...）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-DA.

（音调代入模仿中...）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-DA.

（音调代入模仿中...）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

Da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-da-DA-DA.

（音调代入模仿中...）

Can you hear the rhythm in the sentence now?

现在你能听出这个句子的节奏了吗？

Hopefully you can hear it a bit more clearly.

希望你已经比一开始听得更加清楚些了

Now, one way you can enhance your ability to feel and hear the rhythm

那么这里有一种方法可以让你听到 并且感受到英语句子的节奏，提升你的能力

is to practice what the sentence would sound like if all of the syllables were stressed,

就是练习听起来像是全部重读的句子

or if all of the syllables were unstressed.

或者全部弱读

This can help you feel the contrast between the two.

这能帮助你感受到音节间的重弱交替

Here is the sentence with all syllables stressed next to the sentence spoken normally.

我来说一个重读所有音节的句子， 接着是按正常重弱读走的句子

WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING.

“WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING” （每个音节都重读了）<1>

WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING.

“WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING” （每个音节都重读了）<2>

Versus:

对比

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （重弱读正常分布）<1>

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （重弱读正常分布）<2>

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING.

“WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING” （重读每个音节）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING.

“WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING” （重读每个音节）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING.

“WE ABSOLUTELY DID THE RIGHT THING” （重读每个音节）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

And here is the sentence with all unstressed syllables next to the sentence spoken normally.

接下来示范的是所有音节都弱读的句子， 对比正常重弱读的句子

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （弱读每个音节）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （弱读每个音节）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （弱读每个音节）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （弱读每个音节）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.”

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （弱读每个音节）

Do you hear the difference there?

你能听出两者的区别吗？

Over time, that difference will become clearer and clearer.

多听几遍，区别会越来越明显

Okay, what's left to analyze? We've looked at music, rhythm, including reductions,

好 现在我们还有什么没有分析呢？ 我们谈了音调、节奏、包括重弱读

but we haven't taken a look at linking and specific sounds yet.

但是还有连读和单词的具体发音没说到

All right. Let's analyze the linking in this sentence.

好的 现在我们来谈谈这个句子中的连读现象

We absolutely--

“We absolutely” （留意两个单词间的连接）<1>

We absolutely--

“We absolutely” （留意两个单词间的连接）<2>

These two words link together using vowel to vowel linking.

这两个单词用的是元元连读

The unstressed EE vowel of 'we' links into the secondary stressed first syllable of 'absolutely'

非重读单词“we”中的 /iː/ 与 单词“absolutely”中次重读的首个音节连读

which is an AA as in BAT vowel.

也就是单词“bat”中的元音 /æ/ （bat： 球拍）

Let's listen:

请听

We absolutely--

“We absolutely” （留意连读现象）

We absolutely--

“We absolutely”

We absolutely--

“We absolutely” （留意连读现象）

Do you hear how there is a bit of a Y consonant sound that helps to link the EE vowel to the AA as in Bat vowel?

你注意到了吗？ 字母Y有或多或少的辅音辅助 /i: /音 和 “bat” 中的梅花音 /æ/ 进行连读

'We Yaa, We Yaa', 'We absolutely.' We absolutely-

（连读现象分析）

This is common when the vowel sound the comes first has a tongue position that is high in the mouth.

当你先说一个元音，它的舌位在口腔的上部时 这种连读现象很常见

For the EE as in SHE vowel, the tongue is arched in the middle, so as it moves into the AA as in BAT vowel,

在单词“she”的/i:/音中，我们的舌头拱在口腔中部 因此当它过渡到“bat”中/æ/的音时 （she：她）

you will hear a slight Y consonant sound.

你会听到一个轻轻的，Y的辅音（/j/ 音）

We absolutely--

“We absolutely”（1）

We absolutely--

“We absolutely”（2）

We absolutely--

“We absolutely”（3）

Next we have: 'Absolutely did' - these two words link together using vowel to consonant linking.

然后是“Absolutely did”的分析 这两个单词用的则是元辅连读

This is considered one of the easier types of linking, because you simply move

这可以说是比较简单的连读之一了，因为你只需要

from the previous vowel sound directly into whatever consonant sound follows.

把前面的元音直接过渡到 后面任意一个出现的辅音即可

In this case, you have the unstressed EE as in SHE vowel of 'absolutely'

在这种情况下,它的发音是“absolutely”中， 同单词“she”里/i:/音一样的弱读版

linking into the D consonant sound of 'did'.

与后面“did”的辅音 /d/ 连读

We absolutely did--

“Absolutely did” ...

Next: 'did the'.

接下来是“did the” 的分析

Here, we go from one of the easier types of linking to one of the more difficult.

现在我们从最简单的连读之一 跳到最难的其中一个连读讲解了

This is consonant to consonant linking.

它就是辅辅连读

But in this case, we are linking from the ending consonant of 'did'

不过在这里，我们把单词“did”最后的辅音/d/

into the voiced TH consonant of the reduced 'the, the'.

与弱读“the”中的浊辅音/ð/连读 （浊辅音声带震动）

Let's listen to what he does here.

我们来听一下他在这块儿是怎么处理的

Did the--

“Did the” ...

Did the--

“Did the”（1）

Did the--

“Did the”（2）

It's a little tricky to hear, but he uses an Unreleased D here.

这听起来有点费劲儿， 他发字母D的音时发音紧致

The D consonant is a Stop Consonant - and there are two parts to a stop consonant.

这是个闭塞辅音， 发这个音包含两个动作

The first part is stopping the air flow, and the second part is releasing the air flow.

首先止住气流，然后再释放它

So, in this example, did the, did the, the second D is not released.

因此屏幕上的例子

“Did the” ...

第二个 d 不送气

We have the vibration of the vocal cords, making the D sound, but then it goes right into the next sound.

发音时震动声带， 然后就马上准备发下一个音了

So the tongue still comes up behind the upper teeth, and the vocal cords vibrate for the D consonant,

所以这时我们的舌头还是贴着上槽牙， 声带震动发出字母D的辅音

but instead of releasing into a True D sound, we move on immediately into the voiced TH consonant.

不过我们会马上过渡到下一个辅音/ð/的发音， 而不是释出气流发出字母D的音来

Here it is in slow motion, which is a little easier to hear:

为了让大家听清楚一点， 我们来看一下慢动作演示

Did the--

“Did the”（1）

did the--

“Did the”（2）

did the--

“Did the”（3）

did the--

“Did the”（4）

did the--

“Did the”（5）

did the--

“Did the”（6）

Of course, it happens much more quickly when speaking, but that is the sound that it is in slow motion.

当然了，当我们用正常语速说话的时候 听起来会快很多，不过将它放慢时听起来便是如此

Did the--

“Did the”

Here it is more quickly:

将语速调快一点

Did the--

“Did the” ...

You do hear the beginning of a D consonant, did, the voiced part, did, but you don't hear the release.

我们确实能听到字母“D”辅音开头的部分， “did” 声带震动的部分，但是后面气流的释出就听不到了

Did the, did the.

“Did the” ...

Linking stop consonants in this way allows us to speak more smoothly.

用这种方式与闭塞辅音连读 使我们的英语说得更加流畅

If we released the D consonant, our speech would get a little choppier:

如果我们让辅音D的气流释出， 说话的起伏就会有点大

Did the--

“Did the” （不作失去爆破处理） <1>

Did the--

“Did the” （不作失去爆破处理） <2>

Did the--

“Did the” （不作失去爆破处理） <3>

Do you hear the difference?

你能听出区别吗？

Did the--

“Did the” （不作失去爆破处理）

Did the--

“Did the” （第 2 个 d 失去爆破）

Did the--

“Did the” （不作失去爆破处理）

Did the--

“Did the” （第 2 个 d 失去爆破）

Did the--

“Did the” × 3

Okay, what's next: 'the right'.

好 下一个连读是什么呢？

“the right”

What kind of linking does this look like to you?

你认为这里的连读是怎样的呢？

'The right'.

“the right”

It's vowel to consonant, the schwa of the reduced THE links directly into the R consonant of 'right'.

这是元辅连读，弱读词“the”中的非重读央元音

直接和后面“right”的辅音R连读

The right--

“the right”

The right--

“the right” × 3

Okay, last one: 'right thing'.

好的 最后一个是“right thing”的连读

The type of linking here?

这是哪一类的连读呢？

Consonant to consonant again.

又是辅辅连读

The T of 'right' links into the unvoiced TH of 'thing'.

“right”中的辅音/t/和“thing”中的浊辅音/ð/连读

This time the T of 'right' is pronounced as a Stop T to create a smoother linked quality:

此时/t/是闭塞辅音，为连读更顺畅而服务

right thing, right thing.

“Right thing” ...

Since the T is an unvoiced consonant, you won't hear that voiced quality like we did with the D in 'did the'.

由于 /t/ 是清辅音

你就不会听到我们在 “did the”连读中出现的浊音

Because of that, you don't need to bring the tongue up behind the teeth for the Stop T.

由此，你就不用为了发出闭塞辅音/t/， 而把舌头贴在上槽牙后面了

Instead, you can simply stop the air in your throat using what we call a glottal stop.

相反，你可以轻轻地止住喉部的气流， 我们称之为喉塞音（也叫声门闭塞音）

Right, right, right, right thing--

“right” ... “Right thing”

Right thing--

“Right thing”

This makes it easier to immediately release the air into the unvoiced TH consonant.

这使得马上将气流转到 下一个浊辅音/ð/变得简单起来

Let's hear the difference between releasing the T and stopping the T:

让我们来听一下/t/送气与否的区别

right thing, right thing, versus right thing,

“Right thing” ... （这里的/t/送气） 对比

Right thing.

“Right thing” ... （这里的/t/不送气）

（送气） （不送气）

It's much smoother using the Stop T.

使用/t/的喉塞音顺畅多了

Right thing--

“Right thing” × 3

Alright, let's hear the whole thing, all linked and connected:

现在，让我们来整体感知这个句子的连读

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” × 4

We absolutely did the right thing.

We absolutely did the right thing.

We absolutely did the right thing.

Awesome!

超赞！

We've covered almost everything.

这个单句我们差不多分析完了

The last thing to take a look at are the specific sounds in each of the words.

最后让我们来看一下每个单词的具体发音

Now, we've already done some of this by looking at linking and reduction.

前面我们讲重弱读和连读的时候也讲到了一些发音

But let's talk through the sentence from beginning to end:

现在我们来过一遍整个句子的发音

We - this is one of our unstressed syllables and uses a W consonant sound and the unstressed EE vowel. We. We.

“we” 这是整句的非重读音节之一 用辅音/w/加上弱读的/i:/

读作 /wi/ "we"

Which links into the AA as in BAT vowel of the secondary stressed syllable of 'absolutely'.

然后它和“bat”中/æ/的发音， 也就是“absolutely”单词前面的次重读音节连读

The AA vowel is followed by a B consonant that is barely released as it moves into an S consonant, Abs--

接着辅音/b/跟在/æ/音后头， 让气流轻轻释出，就马上读后面的辅音/s/ “Abs-”

followed by a schwa sound, followed by a Light L which begins the primary stressed syllable 'lu'.

然后是非重读央元音，连上主要重读的音节/luː/， 其中/l/发清音（与dark L相对）

Absolu-- The Light L is followed by the OO as in BOO vowel, Absolu-- which is followed by a Stop T,

“Absolu-” 清音 /l/ 连上 /bu:/ 中的长元音 /u:/ “Absolu-” 接着闭塞辅音 /t/

which releases into an L consonant and finishes with an unstressed EE vowel.

轻连辅音/l/，以弱读的元音/i/结束单词

Absolutely--

“Absolutely~” （1）

absolutely--

“Absolutely~” （2）

We absolutely--

“We absolutely” ...

Now, I'm going to play the clip of 'we absolutely'

现在我将给大家播放 仅含“we absolutely”两个单词的片段

and I want you to listen to the clip and there there will be a space for you to repeat it three times.

我希望你听完之后 试着自己复读 3 遍

We absolutely--

（第 1 遍）

We absolutely--

（第 2 遍）

We absolutely--

（第 3 遍）

Great. Now, let's look at the end of the sentence.

不错 现在我们来看一下句子最后的部分

The unstressed EE of 'absolutely' links into the D consonant of 'did'.

“absolutely”的弱读/i/ 与后面“did”的辅音/d/连读

The D consonant is followed by an IH as in SIT vowel, followed by the Unreleased D consonant sound

然后辅音/d/和“sit”中的元音/i/组合， 再加上闭塞的辅音/d/ （sit：坐下）

that we talked about earlier. Did, did.

这个/d/我们前面已经讲解过了， “did”...

This links into the voiced TH consonant sound of 'the'.

接着它和“the”中的浊辅音/ð/连读， 浊辅音/ð/加上非重读央元音，构成弱读的“the”（/ðə/）

The voiced TH consonant is followed by a schwa sound in the reduced 'the'.

Did the-- Did the--

“did the”... 非重读央元音和后面“right”的首字母R连读

That schwa links into the R consonant of 'right'.

Right. The R consonant is followed by an AI as in BUY diphthong, followed by a Stop T.

“right” 辅音/r/，加上“buy”中的双元音/ai/， 再加上/t/的喉塞音 （buy：购买）

Did the right--

“Did the right” （1）

Did the right--

“Did the right” （2）

Which links into the unvoiced TH of 'thing'.

接着再与“thing”中的清辅音/θ/连读

The TH is followed by the IH as in SIT vowel, which is followed by an NG consonant. Thing.

/θ/音先加上“sit”中的/i/音， 再加上辅音/ŋ/ 读“thing”

Did the right thing.

“Did the right thing”（1）

Did the right thing.

“Did the right thing”（2）

Now, we'll play that part of the clip and repeat three times.

现在我们播放这个部分的 发音片段，听完请复述 3 遍

Did the right thing.

（第 1 遍）

Did the right thing.

（第 2 遍）

Did the right thing.

（第 3 遍）

And now let's do the entire sentence, you'll hear the clip and there will be a space for your own repetition.

现在我们来听整个句子，听完继续复述

We absolutely did the right thing.

（第 1 遍）

We absolutely did the right thing.

（第 2 遍）

We absolutely did the right thing.

（第 3 遍）

And that's it. Wow! Well done. That's a lot of information about one six-word sentence.

句子分析全部讲完啦 为你点赞！ 这个六词单句的信息量真是够大的

Now, let's listen to the sentence a few more times and see if you can hear the music,

现在我们再来听几遍这个句子， 看看你能否用一种新的方式去感受它的语调，

the rhythm, the linking, the reduction, and specific sounds in a new way.

它的节奏、连读、重弱读和单词的具体发音

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （1）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （2）

We absolutely did the right thing.

“We absolutely did the right thing.” （3）

Hopefully, something about this sentence is new for you.

希望这个句子练习有刷新你的体会

That is the great thing about these kind of in-depth analyses.

以上就是句子深度分析的精华内容

They help you hear words and phrases in new ways.

它帮助我们用一种新的方式来听认单词和短语

So often the thing that keeps students from improving their pronunciation

日复一日坚持，这帮助英语学习者们提高他们的发音

is the fact that they feel like they already know how to say certain things -

他们会感觉到， 好像已经知道怎么具体去描述一种情况了

not realizing that the way they are saying some words is very different from a native speaker.

而不是想着自己的哪些发音 听起来和英语母语者大相径庭

You wouldn't need to do ALL of this analysis to gain something from it.

你不用为了有所收获 而把句子分析得这么淋漓尽致

You could just use the Rhythm Pattern analysis, or the specific sound analysis, or the music analysis.

可以只分析句子的节奏、 单词的具体发音或者分析句子的语调

Any of it, or all of it, will help you feel more confident as you speak.

全部分析也好，分析一个专题也好， 这个方法都会帮助你越来越自信地去说英语

This sentence analysis technique helps you listen to English in a deep, possibly new way.

这项句子分析技能也帮助我们用一种 崭新、有深度、可实现的方式来听辨英语

At first, this technique may seem overwhelming. But the more you do it, the easier it becomes to hear the music,

一开始分析句子也许会让你感到手足无措， 但你分析得越多，你就越容易去感受它背后的音调

feel the rhythm and name the types of linking that are being used to create the smooth

体会它的节奏， 能说出人们是怎么连读这个句子的

and fluent quality of English we're all aiming for.

为我们一直渴望达到的流利英语水平创造条件

Take a sentence from your favorite TV show and do this same analysis.

在你最喜欢的电视剧中选一个句子 并像我介绍的那样去分析它

I guarantee that if you do this, you'll be able to imitate that sentence

我保证你这样练习之后，模仿句子会更精准

with more precision and sound more like a native speaker.

你的英语听起来会更像是 母语者说的那样地道自然

Good luck with this, and happy practicing!

祝你练习愉快，学有所成！

And thanks so much for using Rachel's English.

感谢参与 “瑞秋美式英语” 课程

Wow, that was a lot of work. Thank you Tom, for showing us this method.

哇，真是花了不少工夫！ 谢谢 Tom 给我们分享这个方法，辛苦了

If you haven't already, please subscribe to our channel with notifications.

再次提醒尚未订阅本频道的朋友们， 订阅之后记得打开通知消息推送喔

We make new videos on the English language every Tuesday, and we would love to have you back.

我们的英语视频每周二更新， 期待与你相见！

That's it and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.

视频播送完了， 衷心感谢大家参与 “瑞秋美式英语” 课程