Function Words - American English Pronunciation + Intonation/Word Stress

This video will focus on function words, or, the words that will be lower in pitch, often

本视频将重点关注功能词，或者， 通常，音调较低的单词

very quick, sometimes lower in volume, and sometimes even reduced. Reduced means a sound

非常快，有时体积较小，而且 有时甚至减少。减少意味着声音

in the word may be altered, or dropped altogether. If you're not familiar with what stressed

在这个词中可能被改变，或完全丢弃。 如果你不熟悉什么压力

means, you might want to watch the Intro to Word Stress Video first.

意思是，您可能想要观看简介 单词压力视频第一。

Intonation is the idea that we vary pitches throughout a sentence, throughout speech. We do not speak always

语调是我们在整个句子中改变音高的想法， 整个演讲。我们不会说话

on the same pitch. We vary our pitches a lot. This is part of what makes it easier to understand

在同一个球场上。我们经常改变我们的投球。 这是使其更容易理解的部分原因

what's being said. Understanding the pitch patterns of American English, that's an important

说的是什么。了解球场 美国英语的模式，这是一个重要的

part to being understood. So how do you know which words should be stressed, higher in

部分被理解。那你怎么知道的 哪些词应该强调，哪些更高

pitch, and which should be unstressed, lower in pitch? Well, content words are the words

音高，应该不受压力，低音 在球场？好吧，内容词是单词

that will generally be stressed, and function words will generally be unstressed. There

通常会强调和功能 言语一般不会受到压力。那里

are several categories and subcategories of function words. This video is just an overview.

是几个类别和子类别 功能词。这个视频只是一个概述。

Later videos will more specifically categories with examples. Articles are function words.

以后的视频将更具体地分类 用例子。文章是功能词。

For example, a and the. In the sentence Do you have the time?, do you have the, the time?

例如，a和。在句子中 你有时间吗？，你有时间吗？

Do you see how the word 'the' is low in pitch? Do you have the, do you have the, do you have

你看到'the'这个词的音高怎么样？ 你有吗，你有吗，你有吗？

the time? Auxiliary verbs are function words. Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs,

时间？辅助动词是功能词。 辅助动词也被称为帮助动词，

and in English grammar they are paired with main verbs. There are several kinds. First,

在英语语法中，他们配对 主要动词。有几种。第一，

the kind of auxiliary verb that helps to make the passive voice. For example, the sentence:

那种有助于制作的助动词 被动语态。例如，句子：

The wall was painted yesterday. The wall was painted, it didn't paint anything. Passive.

昨天墙上画了。墙是 画了，它没有画任何东西。被动。

The wall was painted yesterday. In this sentence, the word 'was' is the auxiliary verb. The

昨天墙上画了。在这句话中， '是'这个词是辅助动词。该

wall was painted, was, was, was painted. Do you see how it is lower in pitch? The wall

墙被涂了，是，被涂了。做 你看它的音高怎么样？墙

was painted yesterday. We also need an auxiliary verb to help make the -ing, or, progressive

昨天画了。我们还需要辅助 用于帮助制作动词或动词的动词

form. For example in the sentence: You are speaking too fast. The word 'are' here is

形成。例如在句子中：你是 说得太快了。这里的“是”这个词是

the auxiliary verb. You are speaking too fast. Do you see how it is lower in pitch than the

辅助动词。你讲的太快了 你是否看到它的音高低于

word speaking? You are speaking too fast. These cases are often written as contractions.

说话？你讲的太快了 这些案件通常写成收缩。

You're speaking too fast. Another kind of auxiliary verb is the one that helps to make

你讲的太快了另一种 辅助动词是有助于制作的动词

the perfect tense. For example, in the sentence: She has given up. The word 'has' is our helping

完美时态。例如，在句子中： 她放弃了。 “有”这个词是我们的帮助

verb here. She has given up. She has, she has. Do you see how the word 'has' is very

动词在这里。她放弃了。她有，她 具有。你看到“有”这个词是怎么样的

low in pitch? It's actually been reduced and I've dropped the H. She has, she has, she

音高低？它实际上已经减少了 我放弃了H.她有，她有，她

has given up. Modal verbs are also auxiliary, or helping, verbs. For example, might, could,

已经放弃了。莫代尔动词也是辅助动词， 或帮助，动词。例如，可能，可以，

and can. Take for example the sentence: I can go tomorrow. I can go tomorrow. Do you

并能。以句子为例：我 明天可以去我明天可以去。你呢

see how it is lower in pitch. It's unstressed. I can, can. It's actually even reduced, kn,

看看它的音高是多少。它没有受到压力。 我可以，可以。它实际上甚至减少了，kn，

kn, from can to kn. I can, I can, I can go tomorrow. I can go tomorrow. Prepositions

kn，从can到kn。我可以，我可以，我可以去 明天。我明天可以去。介词

are also function words. For example with, on, beside. And so are pronouns. For example

也是功能词。例如，用， 在旁边。代词也是如此。例如

our, she. In the sentence "He came with his friends," the word 'with', a preposition,

我们，她。在句子中“他与他同行 朋友们，“带''这个词，一个介词，

low in pitch, unstressed. He came with his friends. Also, the word 'his', a possessive

低音，不受压力。他和他一起来了 朋友。此外，“他的”这个词，占有欲

pronoun. He came with his, with his, just like 'with', very low in pitch, unstressed.

代词。他带着他的，和他一起来 喜欢'有'，音高很低，没有压力。

He came with his friends. Conjunctions are also function words. For example and, but,

他和他的朋友一起来。连词是 还有功能词。例如，但是，

if. In the example sentence I'll come if you want, I'll come if you want. You can see that

如果。在例句中，如果你，我会来的 想要，如果你愿意，我会来的。你可以看到

'if' is one of the words that is not stressed, it is lower in pitch. I'll come if you want.

'if'是没有压力的词之一， 它的音高较低。如果你愿意，我会来的。

To review, function words are the words that will generally be unstressed in a sentence.

要复习，功能词就是那些词 通常会在一句话中不重读。

So this means they will be lower in pitch, sometimes lower in volume, often very, very

所以这意味着它们的音高会降低， 有时体积较小，通常非常非常

fast. Sometimes they will even reduce, which means, a sound will change or will get dropped.

快速。有时他们甚至会减少，这 意味着，声音会改变或者会被丢弃。

They are the opposite of content words, which will generally be stressed within a sentence.

它们与内容词相反 通常会在一句话内强调。

This contrast of stressed and unstressed is very important in American English. So now

这种强调和不重压的对比是 在美国英语中非常重要。所以现在

that you know a bit more about it, do try to use it while speaking. That's it, and thanks

你知道更多关于它的事情，试试吧 在说话时使用它。就是这样，谢谢

so much for using Rachel's English.

使用雷切尔的英语非常多。