English Sounds - R [ษน] Consonant - How to make the R [ษน] Consonant

659,722 views ใƒป 2017-05-23

Rachel's English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
In this American English pronunciation video,
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ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื’ื™ื™ื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ื”ื–ื”,
00:03
we're going to learn how to make the R consonant sound.
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ืื ื• ื ืœืžื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืืช ืขื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”- R.
00:15
This is truly one of the hardest sounds in American English.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
00:20
Before I go into how to make it, I want to talk about how not to make it.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ืš ืœื‘ื˜ื ืื•ืชื•, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืœื ืœื‘ื˜ื ืื•ืชื•.
00:25
In many languages, the R is made by bouncing the front part of the tongue against the roof of the mouth.
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ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื”- R ื ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืคืฆืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื’ ื”ืคื”.
00:33
Rr-- rr--
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ืจืจ ืจืจ
00:36
In American English, this sound is the T or D between vowels.
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ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”- T ืื• D ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช.
00:42
But it's quite different from the American R.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžื”- R. ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
00:46
Rrrr--- You can't hold out rra-- rra--
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Rrrr --- ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช rra-- rra--
00:52
But you should be able to hold out the American R.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืžืขืžื“ ืืช ืจ 'ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
00:58
This consonant is voiced.
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ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข.
01:02
There are two ways to make this sound.
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ื™ืฉ ืฉืชื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื–ื”
01:05
In the first way, the front part of the tongue pulls back and up, like this.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉืš ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœืžืขืœื”, ื›ื›ื”.
01:16
The tongue can be stretched so it's long and skinny.
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื” ื•ืจื–ื”.
01:19
Or it can be pulled into itself so it's fatter and thicker.
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ืื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžื ื™ ื•ืขื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:24
And that's what we want here.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
01:26
We're making the tongue fatter and thicker so it's not as long.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžื ื” ื•ืขื‘ื” ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืืจื•ื›ื”.
01:31
The back doesn't move. This is happening in front
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ื”ื’ื‘ ืœื ื–ื–. ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืžืงื“ื™ืžื”
01:37
The middle part of the tongue lifts up towards the roof of the mouth.
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ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืชืจื•ืžื ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื’ื’ ื”ืคื”.
01:41
You can touch the sides of the tongue
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื™ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ
01:43
to the sides of the roof of the mouth here
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01:47
or to the inside or bottom of the side teeth here.
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ืื• ืœื—ืœืง ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืื• ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ ื›ืืŸ.
01:52
The front part of the tongue is hanging in the middle of the mouth
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ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืคื”
01:56
not touching anything.
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ืœื ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ.
01:59
This sound is forward and focused because of the position of the lips.
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ืฆืœื™ืœ ื–ื” ืžืžื•ืงื“ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื.
02:04
The corners come in, pushing the lips away from the face.
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ื”ืคื™ื ื•ืช ื ื›ื ืกื•ืช, ืžืจื—ื™ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืžื”ืคื ื™ื.
02:08
This lip position will be a little more relaxed
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ืชื ื•ื—ืช ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ื”ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื’ื•ืขื”
02:11
when the R comes at the end of the syllable.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”- R ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื”ื‘ืจื”.
02:16
We'll compare this way on the left,
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ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื• ืžืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ,
02:19
with the other way to make an R on the right.
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ืขื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช R ื‘ืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ.
02:23
The R can also be made by flipping the tongue tip up.
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”- R ื’ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ืงืฆื” ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื”.
02:27
The lips flare the same way.
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ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืžืชืœืงื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฆื•ืจื”.
02:30
Some native speakers make the R one way, and some, the other.
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ื™ืฉ ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืคืช ืื ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”- R ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“, ื•ื—ืœืงื ื”ืื—ืจ.
02:35
Native speakers get the correct sound no matter the mouth position.
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ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืคืช ืื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืคื”.
02:40
But I found that non-native speakers often drop the jaw
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆืืชื™ ืฉื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืคื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืœืกืช
02:44
too much in this second method.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื–ื•
02:47
And it makes the sound hollow. RR--
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ืœื—ืœื•ืœ.
02:52
The jaw doesn't need to drop very much for this sound. Rr--
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ื”ืœืกืช ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฆื ื•ื— ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื–ื”.
02:58
So keep these in mind as you work on one of these two methods.
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ืื– ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืœื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืื—ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
03:04
Here's the R sound on its own, not part of a word.
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ื”ื ื” ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”- R ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•, ืœื ื—ืœืง ืžืžื™ืœื”
03:08
You can see the lips flare.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืžืชืœืงื—ื•ืช.
03:11
Think of creating a little space on the inside of your lips and your teeth.
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืขื˜ ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื.
03:16
Notice how little jaw drop there is.
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ื›ืžื” ื˜ื™ืคืช ืœืกืช ื™ืฉ
03:19
We don't need to drop the jaw to pull the tongue back and up.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืœืกืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื•ืžืขืœื”.
03:25
The word 'rest'.
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืžื ื•ื—ื”'.
03:27
When the R is at the beginning of a word,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”- R ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืžื™ืœื”,
03:30
we tend to make the lips a tight circle.
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ืื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืœืžืขื’ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืง.
03:33
Again, little jaw drop as the middle of the tongue lifts to the roof of the mouth.
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ืฉื•ื‘, ืœืกืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืฆื•ื ื—ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืืžืฆืข ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืชื ืฉื ืœื’ื’ ื”ืคื”.
03:42
The word 'proud'.
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื’ืื”'.
03:44
When R is in a beginning consonant cluster,
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ื›ืืฉืจ R ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ,
03:48
the lips may not be as tight as in the beginning R.
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ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืฆืžื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืจ.
03:54
The word 'mother', at the end of the syllable,
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืื' ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื”ื‘ืจื”,
03:58
the lip position for the R is definitely more relaxed than the beginning R.
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ืชื ื•ื—ืช ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”- R ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืจื’ื•ืขื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช R.
04:04
But the lips still flare.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืœืงื—ื•ืช.
04:07
Here, we compare the lip position of the beginning R in 'rest' above,
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ื›ืืŸ, ืื ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ R ื”ื”ืชื—ืœ ื‘ 'ืžื ื•ื—ื”' ืœืžืขืœื”,
04:13
to the ending R in 'mother' below.
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ืœืกื™ื•ื R ื‘'ืื 'ืœืžื˜ื”.
04:16
The ending R lip position is much more relaxed.
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ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืคืช R ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื’ื•ืข.
04:21
Thinking about the lip position will help you make a better R sound.
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ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืฆืœื™ืœ R ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:26
As you work on this consonant, practice very slowly.
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ืจ ื–ื”, ื”ืชืืžืŸ ืœืื˜ ืžืื•ื“.
04:30
Thinking about all 3 things at once.
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ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืœ 3 ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช.
04:34
Very little jaw drop, the tongue position, and the lip position.
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ื˜ื™ืคืช ืœืกืช ืงื˜ื ื”, ืชื ื•ื—ืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืžื ื— ื”ืฉืคื”.
04:40
Remember, you can hold out this sound.
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ื–ื›ื•ืจ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื–ื”.
04:43
So that's how you want to practice it.
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ืื– ื›ื›ื” ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืจื’ืœ ืืช ื–ื”
04:46
Rrrrr--
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ืจืจืจืจ
04:49
Hold it out for 5 or 10 seconds.
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ื”ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืฉืš 5 ืื• 10 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช.
04:53
Hold it out as long as you can.
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ืชื—ื–ื™ืง ืื•ืชื• ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ.
04:56
When you practice it in a word, do the same.
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืชืืžืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช, ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช.
05:00
Rest
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ืžื ื•ื—ื” Rest
05:03
Proud
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ื’ืื” Proud
05:07
Mother
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ืืžื Mother
05:12
The R sound
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ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”- R
05:14
Rest
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ืžื ื•ื—ื” Rest
05:16
Proud
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ื’ืื” Proud
05:18
Mother
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ืืžื Mother
05:20
Example words. Repeat with me.
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ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”. ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืชื™.
05:25
Read. Rr-- Read.
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ืœืงืจื•ื. Rr - ืœืงืจื•ื.
05:33
Great. Rr-- Great.
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ื ื”ื“ืจ. Rr - ื ื”ื“ืจ.
05:40
Try. Rr-- Try.
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ืœื ืกื•ืช. Rr-- ืœื ืกื•ืช.
05:48
Later. Rr-- Later.
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ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ. Rr - ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:56
Right. Rr-- Right.
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ื™ืžื™ืŸ. Rr - ื™ืžื™ืŸ.
06:05
Other. Rr-- Other.
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ืื—ืจ. Rr - ืื—ืจ.
06:11
This video is one of 36 in a new series, The Sounds of American English.
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ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืž -36 ื‘ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืฆืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
06:18
Videos in this set will be released here on YouTube twice a month,
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ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉื•ื—ืจืจื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ,
06:23
first and third Thursdays, in 2016 and 2017.
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ื™ืžื™ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2016 ื• 2017.
06:28
But the whole set can be all yours right now.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื˜ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
06:33
The real value of these videos is watching them as a set, as a whole,
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ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื•ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื›ืกื˜, ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื,
06:38
to give your mind the time to take it all in and get the bigger picture.
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ืœืชืช ืœืžื•ื— ืฉืœืš ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
06:44
Most of the materials you'll find elsewhere just teach the sounds on their own in isolation.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืชืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“.
06:50
It's a mistake to learn them this way.
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ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืชื ื›ืš.
06:53
We learn the sounds to speak words and sentences, not just sounds.
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ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื.
06:59
Move closer to fluency in spoken English. Buy the video set today!
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ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืฉื˜ืฃ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช. ืงื ื• ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ื™ืื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื!
07:05
Visit rachelsenglish.com/sounds
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ื‘ืงืจื• rachelsenglish.com/sounds
07:09
Available as a DVD or digital download.
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ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื›- DVD ืื• ืœื”ื•ืจื“ื” ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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