How to Reduce 'THAT' -- AMERICAN ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

415,899 views ใƒป 2013-03-06

Rachel's English


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุชุชู… ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ุขู„ูŠู‹ุง.

00:00
In this American English pronunciation video, we're going to go over how to pronounce the
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ููŠ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู†ุทู‚ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ ุณู†ุณุชุนุฑุถ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ู†ุทู‚
00:05
word THAT in a sentence.
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ูƒู„ู…ุฉ THAT ููŠ ุฌู…ู„ุฉ.
00:14
As you probably know, in American English, there are lots of words called function words
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ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฌุญ ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุชุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุงู„ูˆุธูŠููŠุฉ
00:19
that will be unstressed in a sentence. And some of these will reduce. THAT is one of
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ู† ูŠุชู… ุงู„ุชุดุฏูŠุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ. ูˆุณูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุจุนุถู‡ุง. ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู†
00:24
those words. In a sentence, the vowel will often reduce to the schwa sound. The final
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ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช. ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุŒ ุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง ู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุญุฑู ุงู„ุนู„ุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุตูˆุช schwa.
00:30
T will be a stop T if the next word begins with a consonant, or it will be a flap T if
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุญุฑู ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ T ู‡ูˆ ุชูˆู‚ู T ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏุฃุช ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจุญุฑู ุณุงูƒู† ุŒ ุฃูˆ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฑูุฑู T ุฅุฐุง
00:36
the next word begins with a vowel or diphthong.
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ุจุฏุฃุช ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจุญุฑู ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ ุฃูˆ diphthong.
00:40
The voiced, TH, where the tongue tip comes just through the teeth. Then for the schwa
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ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุŒ TH ุŒ ุญูŠุซ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุทุฑู ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†. ุซู… ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฅู„ู‰
00:47
sound, the tongue tip pulls back and comes down, rests just behind the bottom front teeth,
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ุตูˆุช schwa ุŒ ูŠุชุฑุงุฌุน ุทุฑู ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ู„ู„ุฎู„ู ูˆูŠู†ุฒู„ ุŒ ูˆูŠุณุชู‚ุฑ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ุŒ
00:52
and the tongue is very relaxed. Tha-, tha-. For the T, flap or stop, the tongue tip will
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ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ู…ุฑุชุฎูŠู‹ุง ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ. ุซุง- ุŒ ุซุง-. ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ T ุŒ ุฑูุฑู ุฃูˆ ุชูˆู‚ู ุŒ ุณูˆู ูŠุฐู‡ุจ ุทุฑู ุงู„ู„ุณุงู†
00:58
go to the roof of the mouth, that, that, and cut off the air flow for the stop T, or bounce
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ุฅู„ู‰ ุณู‚ู ุงู„ูู… ุŒ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูˆูŠู‚ุทุน ุชุฏูู‚ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ู„ู„ุชูˆู‚ู T ุŒ ุฃูˆ ูŠุฑุชุฏ
01:05
back down, letting the air through for the flap T.
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ู„ุฃุณูู„ ุŒ ู…ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ุญ ู„ู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ุจุงู„ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ู„ู„ุบุทุงุก T.
01:08
Let's look at some sample sentence fragments. That my, that my. The next word here, my,
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ุงู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌูŠุฉ. ู‡ุฐุง ุจู„ุฏูŠ ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู„ุฏูŠ. ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุŒ ุจู„ุฏูŠ ุŒ
01:16
begins with a consonant So the T at the end of the word 'that' is a stop: that my.
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ุชุจุฏุฃ ุจุญุฑู ุณุงูƒู† ุŒ ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ุญุฑู T ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู‡ุฐุง" ู‡ูˆ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุชูˆู‚ู: ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ.
01:22
That I, that I. The next word here, I, has the AI diphthong.
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ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุŒ ุฃู†ุง. ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง ุฐูƒุงุก AI.
01:29
So, the T at the end of the word 'that' is a flap T. That I, that I. Now, let's look
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† ุญุฑู T ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู‡ุฐุง" ู‡ูˆ ุฑูุฑู T. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง. ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ
01:36
at some full sentences. The movie that I saw was boring. That I, that I. Again, the AI
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ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ. ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฑุฃูŠุชู‡ ูƒุงู† ู…ู…ู„ู‹ุง. ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุŒ
01:44
diphthong, so the T is a flap. That I. The movie that I saw was boring. We thought that
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ุฐูƒุงุก AI ุŒ ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† T ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฑูุฑู. ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฑุฃูŠุชู‡ ูƒุงู† ู…ู…ู„ู‹ุง. ูƒู†ุง ู†ุธู† ุฃู†ู†ุง
01:51
we could be there. That we, that we. So, the word 'we', beginning with the W consonant,
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ุฃู†ู†ุง ุŒ ูˆู†ุญู†. ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู†ุญู†" ุŒ ุจุฏุกู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฑู W ุŒ
01:58
the T is a stop T. That we, that we. We thought that we could be there. I know that you're
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ูุฅู† T ู‡ูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุชูˆู‚ู T. ุฃู†ู†ุง ุŒ ูˆู†ุญู†. ูƒู†ุง ู†ุธู† ุฃู†ู†ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ุฃุนู„ู… ุฃู†ูƒ
02:05
disappointed. That you're, that you're. So, the next word here begins with the Y consonant,
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ู…ุญุจุท. ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุช ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุช. ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุชุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ุญุฑู Y ุŒ
02:12
so the T is a stop T. That, that, that you're. That you're. I know that you're disappointed.
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ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† T ู‡ูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุชูˆู‚ู T. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุŒ ุฃู†ุช. ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุช. ุฃุนู„ู… ุฃู†ูƒ ู…ุญุจุท.
02:20
I read that her team won. That her, that her. Here, with the word 'her', I'm dropping the
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ู‚ุฑุฃุช ุฃู† ูุฑูŠู‚ู‡ุง ูุงุฒ. ุชู„ูƒ ู‡ูŠ ุŒ ุชู„ูƒ ู‡ูŠ. ู‡ู†ุง ุŒ ุจูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู‡ูŠ" ุŒ ุฃุณู‚ุท ุญุฑู
02:27
H. So, the sound after the T, is the schwa sound, a vowel. Therefore, it's a flap T.
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H. ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุจุนุฏ ุญุฑู T ุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุตูˆุช schwa ุŒ ุญุฑู ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุฑูุฑูุฉ ุช.
02:34
That her, that her, I heard that her team won.
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ุชู„ูƒ ู‡ูŠ ุŒ ุชู„ูƒ ุŒ ุณู…ุนุช ุฃู† ูุฑูŠู‚ู‡ุง ูุงุฒ.
02:38
Will the word 'that' always be pronounced this way in a sentence? No. Sometimes it will
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ู‡ู„ ุณุชูู„ูุธ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ุฐู„ูƒ" ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุฌู…ู„ุฉุŸ ุฑู‚ู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุณูŠูƒูˆู†
02:42
have the AA vowel. For example, if you want to stress the word:
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ู„ู‡ุง ุญุฑู ุนู„ุฉ AA. ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ:
02:47
>> It was easy. >> It wasn't that easy.
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>> ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุณู‡ู„ุงู‹. >> ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ.
02:50
Thaa, thaa. There, I'm keeping the AA vowel. Also, in this sentence, the word 'that' is an
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ุซุง ุŒ ุซุง. ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุŒ ุณุฃุญุชูุธ ุจุญุฑู AA. ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู‡ุฐุง" ู‡ูŠ
02:57
adverb. And adverbs are generally content words, not going to reduce in a sentence.
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ุธุฑู. ูˆุงู„ุฃุญูˆุงู„ ู‡ูŠ ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู…ุถู…ูˆู†ุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุŒ ูˆู„ู† ุชุฎุชุฒู„ ููŠ ุฌู…ู„ุฉ.
03:03
But you will often hear the word 'that' reduced. Doing it yourself will help to smooth out your
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ู„ูƒู†ูƒ ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ู…ุง ุชุณู…ุน ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ุฃู†" ู…ุฎุชุฒู„ุฉ. ุณูŠุณุงุนุฏูƒ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุจู†ูุณูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุณู‡ูŠู„
03:08
speech, and will also provide some nice rhythmic contrast to the longer, stressed syllables
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ุญุฏูŠุซูƒ ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุณูŠูˆูุฑ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุชุจุงูŠู† ุงู„ุฅูŠู‚ุงุนูŠ ุงู„ู„ุทูŠู ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ุงู„ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ุฏุฉ
03:14
in a sentence.
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ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ.
03:16
That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุŒ ูˆุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ุฌุฒูŠู„ุงู‹ ู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู„ุบุฉ ุฑุงุดูŠู„ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ.
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7