Talk About Food and Cooking in English - Spoken English Lesson

Hi, I’m Oli.

嗨，我是Oli。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn how to talk about food.

在本節課裡，您會學到怎樣談論食物，

You’ll see how to talk about different cuisines, talk about food you like – or dislike – and

您會了解怎樣談論不同的菜系， 談您喜歡或不喜歡的食物，以及

talk about cooking and eating habits.

談論烹飪和飲食習慣。

To see more free English lessons, visit our website: Oxford Online English dot com.

想觀看更多的免費英文課程，請訪問我們的網站： Oxford Online English dot com.

You can also book English classes with our fully-qualified teachers, who can help you

您也可以跟我們的老師 預約英文課，他們可以

with your English speaking, writing, IELTS preparation, or whatever else you need.

在英文口說、寫作、雅思準備或是 任何您需要的地方幫助您。

Don’t forget to turn on the subtitles for this video if you need them!

如果您需要，不要忘記打開這個影片的字幕。

All our videos have English subtitles.

我們所有的影片都有中英文字幕。

You can turn them on now: just click the ‘CC’ button in the bottom right of the video player.

您現在可以打開他們：按下影片 播放軟體底部右側的“CC”鍵。

On a smartphone, tap the settings icon to turn on subtitles.

在智慧手機上，敲擊設定圖示 打開字幕。

What kind of food do you like?

您喜歡哪一類的食物？

I like a bit of everything, really.

每樣東西我都喜歡一點，是真的。

I grew up in the UK, and you can get food from all over the world there.

我在英國長大，在那您可以吃到 世界上所有類型的食物。

My mum’s cooking is a combination of different cuisines: a bit of French, a bit of Italian,

我媽煮的是不同菜系的大雜燴： 一點法式的，一點意式的，

a bit of Indian, and so on.

一點印度式的，類似這樣。

What’s British cuisine like?

英國菜像是什麼？

I know about fish and chips, but there must be more…

我知道魚和薯條，但肯定有更多...…

There is, but not that much.

有， 但不是那麼多。

There are a few famous dishes like shepherd’s pie or Sunday roast, but most people eat a

有幾種著名的菜，像是牧羊人派 或週日烤肉，但大多數人吃

mix of things.

混合的東西。

What about you?

那您呢？

What food do you like?

您喜歡什麼食物？

I’m half Spanish, so when I was young we ate a lot of Mediterranean food at home.

我是半個西班牙人，所以在我小時候， 我們在家吃很多地中海菜。

Now, I live in Berlin, and it’s a pretty cosmopolitan place, so you can get all kinds

現在，我住在柏林，那是一個大都會， 所以您可以吃到所有類型的

of food, like the UK, I suppose.

食物，像是英國的，我猜。

I’ve never really had much Spanish food.

我從沒真正地吃過很多西班牙菜。

Is it similar to Italian?

那有點類似意大利菜嗎？

In some ways, yes.

在某些方面來說，是的。

They both use a lot of fresh ingredients, and there’s a lot of seafood, salads, and

兩種菜都用大量的新鮮調味料， 有太多的海鮮、生菜沙拉和

so on.

類似這樣的東西。

Pasta isn’t so common in Spanish cooking, though.

在西班牙菜中，面食不是很常見。

What are some typical Spanish dishes?

典型的西班牙菜有哪些？

I’d be interested to try some.

我肯定有興趣去嚐一下。

I guess paella is quite well-known.

我想西班牙海鮮飯是十分有名的。

My personal favourite is a dish called albondigas, which is meatballs in a tomato sauce.

我的個人喜好是一道名為albondigas的菜， 那是一種蘸著番茄醬吃的肉丸。

It’s simple, but so tasty.

做法很簡單，但是很好吃。

Sounds good!

聽上去不錯！

Here’s a question: do you know the difference between the words ‘cuisine’, ‘dish’

這裡有一個問題：您知道單字“cuisine”、 “dish”和“meal”

and ‘meal’?

之間的區別嗎？

‘Cuisine’ means the kind of food you find in a specific country or culture.

“Cuisine”意思是您在一個特定的國家或 特定文化裡看到的食物種類。

For example, you have Chinese cuisine, French cuisine, local cuisine, and so on.

例如，您吃中國菜、法國菜、 當地菜，以及類似這樣的菜。

‘Cuisine’ means something like ‘cooking style’.

“Cuisine”意味著某些像是“cooking style” 的東西。

You can use the word ‘food’ or ‘cooking’ in the same way.

您可以用同一種方法來用單字“food”或”cooking“。

So, you can say ‘Chinese cuisine’, ‘Chinese cooking’ or ‘Chinese food’.

所以，您可以說”Chinese cuisine”、“Chinese cooking”或“Chinese food”。

The meaning is very close.

含義十分接近。

A ‘dish’ means something which is cooked or prepared.

一道“dish”意味著某些煮的或準備好的食物。

Usually, a dish is made from different kinds of food.

通常，一道菜由很多不同的食物煮成的。

A ‘meal’ is food eaten at a specific time.

一個“meal”是在一個特定時間吃的食物。

Most people eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner.

大多數人一日三餐：早餐、 午餐和晚餐。

We often hear English learners make mistakes with these three words, so be careful with

我們經常聽到英文學習者在 這三個單字上犯錯，所以用

them!

他們是要留意。

In the dialogue, you heard how to talk about different cuisines and dishes which you like.

在對話裡，您聽到怎樣談論您喜歡的 不同菜式和菜。

Look at some questions you heard.

看看您聽到的一些問題。

Think about how you could answer these.

考慮一下您可以怎樣回答。

When you answer these questions, try to be detailed.

當您回答這些問題時， 試著多一些細節。

For example, don’t just say ‘Vietnamese food is delicious.’

例如，不要只說“Vietnamese food is delicious.”

Give some more details!

要給出更多的細節。

Say what kind of dishes are the best, or try to explain why you like it.

說哪些菜是最好的，或 試著解釋為什麼您喜歡他們。

For example, you could say ‘Vietnamese food is delicious, because it uses fresh ingredients

例如，您可以說“Vietnamese food is delicious, because it uses fresh ingredients

and it’s a little bit spicy, which I like.’

and it’s a little bit spicy, which I like.”

OK?

可以嗎？

Pause the video and try to answer the questions now.

現在，暫停影片並試著來回答問題。

Could you do it?

您可以做嗎？

If not, go back and listen to the dialogue again.

如果不可以，回頭再聽一下對話。

Next, let’s look at how to talk about food you like – or don’t!

接下來，我們看看怎樣談論您喜歡 或是不喜歡的食物！

So, what do you think?

那麼，您覺得怎樣？

Oh no!

啊，不要！

This is terrible!

這很恐怖！

Really?

是真的嗎？

First, you haven’t cooked the meat long enough.

首先，您煮菜的時間不夠長。

It’s tough and really chewy.

難吃，而且真的很難嚼。

You need to keep cooking it until it’s tender.

您要一直煮它，煮到軟為止。

I cooked it for two hours, just like you said!

我煮了兩個小時，就像您說的！

Yes, but you also have to check that it’s done!

是，但是您也必須要去 看一下它軟了嗎！

Also, these vegetables are awful.

蔬菜也是煮得很糟糕。

They’re mushy because you’ve overcooked them.

他們都被煮爛了，因為您煮得太久了。

They should be fresh and crunchy.

他們必須煮起來是新鮮和脆的。

Right…

對吼…

What about the sauce?

那醬汁呢？

It’s not bad, but it’s a little bland.

還不錯，有一點淡。

A dish like this should be rich, spicy and a little sour.

像這樣的一道菜，味道必須是豐富、 辣和有一點鹹的。

While you’re cooking, don’t forget to taste it, and add more spices, or more vinegar,

您煮菜的同時，不要忘記去嚐一下， 加點辣或醋，

or whatever it needs.

或任何需要加的。

Hmm…

嗯…

OK…

好的…

I’m a little scared to show you my dessert, now.

現在我有點害怕給您看我的甜點了。

Ahh, wow!

啊，噢！

This is amazing!

真是不可思議！

Oh?

哦？

You mean it?

您的意思是？

Yes!

是的！

It’s a perfect tart.

它是一個完美的果餡餅。

It’s crumbly, but not dry, which is a difficult balance to get right.

易碎但不乾，那是很難去衡量 得到的正確感覺。

The fruit gives it a nice, tangy flavour.

水果給了它可口、濃郁的口感。

Very tasty!

很好吃！

Thank you!

感謝您！

To describe something you ate, you could start with the flavour.

要描述您吃的某些東西， 您可以從口味開始。

For example, you can use words like ‘spicy’, ‘sour’, ‘sweet’, ‘bitter’, or

例如，您可以用單字“spicy”、 “sour”、“sweet”、“bitter”或

‘rich’.

“rich”。

‘Rich’ can be used to describe heavier foods.

“Rich”可以用來描述口味重的食物。

You also heard ‘bland’ in the dialogue.

您也在對話裡聽到了“bland”這個單字。

‘Bland’ describes something which has little or no flavour.

“Bland”描述有一點味道或沒味道的某些東西。

Then, you could also describe the texture.

之後，您也可以描述菜的觀感。

In the dialogue, you heard the word ‘mushy’.

在對話裡，您聽到單字“mushy”。

Do you know what this means?

您知道這是什麼意思嗎？

‘Mushy’ means that something is soft, but in an unpleasant way.

“Mushy”意思是某些東西是軟的， 但是是以一種讓人不滿意的方式。

If you cook vegetables too long, they’ll get mushy.

如果您煮蔬菜太久， 會煮爛他們。

In the dialogue, you also heard ‘tough’, ‘chewy’, ‘tender’, ‘crunchy’ and

在對話裡，您也聽到了“tough”， “chewy”、“tender”、“crunchy”和

‘crumbly’.

“crumbly”。

Can you think of foods which these words could describe?

您覺得這些單字可以描述食物嗎？

‘Tough’ and ‘chewy’ are similar.

“Tough”和“chewy”是相似的。

Both describe foods which are difficult to eat because you have to chew them for a long

兩個都描述食物很難吃， 因為您必須要嚼

time.

他們太久。

Meat can be tough or chewy, especially if it’s cooked too long and it gets dry.

特別是肉煮得太久變乾了， 會變硬或要嚼很久的。

‘Tender’ means something like ‘soft’, but it’s mostly used to describe meat which

“Tender”意思是某些像是“soft”的東西， 但大多用於描述

is cooked well, so it’s soft and juicy.

煮得剛剛好，柔嫩多汁的肉。

Crunchy foods make a lot of noise when you’re eating them.

當您吃鬆脆的食物時，會發出很多噪音。

Dry food – like potato chips, or hard cookies – can be crunchy.

乾的食物 – 像是薯條，或是硬曲奇餅 – 會是鬆脆的。

Crumbly food is soft and easily breaks into pieces.

鬆脆的食物是軟而易碎成小塊的。

‘Crumbly’ can be good or bad – for a cake, it might be a good thing, but crumbly

“Crumbly”可以是好或糟糕的意思 – 對一個蛋糕 來說，可能是好事，但是鬆脆的

bread might be a bad thing, because it will fall apart when you try to do anything with

麵包也許是一個糟糕的事情，因為 您試著去做任何事時，

it.

它會碎開。

If you like the taste of something, you can use general adjectives like ‘great’, ‘amazing’

如果您喜歡某些東西的口味，您可以 用一般的形容詞像是“great”、“amazing”

or ‘fantastic’.

或是“fantastic”。

You can also use ‘tasty’ or ‘delicious’.

您也可以用“tasty”或“delicious”。

Be careful: ‘delicious’ is a strong adjective.

小心：“delicious”是一個描述 強烈感覺的形容詞。

That means you can’t say ‘very delicious’; if you want to add emphasis, say ‘really

那就是說，您不能夠說“very delicious”； 如果您想強調，說“really

delicious’ or ‘absolutely delicious’.

delicious”或“absolutely delicious”。

To talk about food you don’t like, use general adjectives like ‘awful’, ‘terrible’

要談論您不喜歡的食物，一般 形容詞像是“awful”、“terrible”

or ‘disgusting’.

或“disgusting”。

Now, a challenge for you: think about the last thing you ate.

現在，您有一個挑戰：考慮您吃的 最後一樣東西。

Could you describe it?

您能描述它嗎？

Talk about the flavour, the texture, and whether you liked it or not.

談論口感、質感以及您是否喜歡 或不喜歡。

For a bonus, try to explain why you did or didn’t like it!

作為一個紅利，試著解釋為什麼 您喜歡或不喜歡！

For example: ‘The last thing I ate was a lentil soup.

例如：”The last thing I ate was a lentil soup.

It was quite spicy, but a little bit mushy, because I overcooked the lentils.

It was quite spicy, but a little bit mushy, because I overcooked the lentils.

I didn’t like it so much, because it was a little bland.

I didn’t like it so much, because it was a little bland.

Lentils don’t have much flavour.’

Lentils don’t have much flavour.“

Now it’s your turn.

現在輪到您了。

Pause the video and make your answer.

暫停影片並做您的答案。

Next, let’s see how you can talk about cooking habits.

接下來，我們看看您怎樣談論煮菜習慣。

Do you cook much?

您常煮菜嗎？

Sometimes.

有時會。

I cook maybe twice a week, but I’m too busy to do more than that.

我也許一周煮兩次，但我有 很多其他事要忙。

What do you do the rest of the time?

那您其他時間做什麼？

For lunch, I eat in the canteen at work.

上班時，我在餐廳吃午餐。

In the evening, I generally get something from the supermarket, or get a takeaway.

晚餐，我一般從超市或外賣店買吃的。

I don’t like it, because I know it’s more expensive and less healthy than cooking for

我不喜歡這樣，因為我知道這樣很貴， 和自己煮的比也不健康，

myself, but I just don’t have the time.

但是，我就是沒時間去做。

What about you?

那您呢？

I make most of my meals.

我大部分都自己煮。

I don’t cook every day, though.

我不是每天都做飯。

I normally do a lot of cooking on Sunday, and then I have food for the week.

我一般在週日煮很多， 然後我在下週就有吃的了。

I take a packed lunch to work, and then eat leftovers in the evening.

我打包午餐去上班，然後在晚餐吃剩菜。

That’s a good system!

那樣很好。

I wish I could be so organised…

我希望可以井井有條…

It helps that I have a market very close to my house.

有一個市場離我家很近，這很方便我。

They have great fresh produce, fish, meat… everything you need.

他們有很棒的新鮮產品、魚、肉…... 所有您需要的東西。

That means I don’t need to spend much time shopping.

那就是說我不需要花太多的時間採購。

Plus, I prefer eating home-cooked, fresh food.

加上我喜歡家裡煮的新鮮食物，

If I don’t have food with me, I end up eating greasy fast food, and then I feel bloated

如果我沒帶自己煮的食物，我吃完 油膩的速食，我會覺得渾身腫脹

and gross.

和過胖。

Yeah, I’m the same way…

是的，我也一樣…

Maybe I’ll start cooking more.

也許我要開始多煮菜。

Think about the first question you heard in the dialogue: ‘Do you cook much?’

談談您在對話裡聽到的第一個問題： 您常煮菜嗎？

How would you answer this?

您怎樣回答這個問題？

You could say something like: ‘I cook every day.’

您可以像這樣說： ”我每天都煮。“

‘I don’t cook much – maybe once or twice a week.’

”我不常煮，也許一週一次或兩次。“

‘I don’t cook.

”我不煮。

I’ve never learned how!’

我從來沒有學過怎樣煮！“

If you don’t cook, what can you do for food?

如果您不煮，食物方面您可以做些什麼嗎？

You heard some phrases in the dialogue.

您在對話裡聽到一些短語。

Do you remember?

您記得嗎？

Look at some sentences that you heard.

看下您聽到的句子。

Imagine you’re an English teacher, and you want to explain the meanings of the words

想像您是一個英文老師， 您想解釋紅色單字

in red.

的意思。

How would you do it?

您要怎樣做？

A canteen is a bit like a restaurant, but it’s run by a company for its staff, or

一個餐廳像是一個小型的餐館，但那是一家 公司為它的員工運營的，或者

by a university for its students.

由大學為它的學生運營的。

Canteens are usually cheap, or the food might even be free.

餐廳通常是比較便宜的， 甚至也許食物是免費的。

A takeaway means you buy or order the food from a restaurant, and then eat it somewhere

一個外賣店意思是您從一個餐館買 或預定食物，然後在其他地方吃，

else, usually at home.

通常是在家裡吃。

A packed lunch means you take food from home and eat it at work or school.

打包午餐意思是您從家裡帶食物， 然後在上班時吃或在學校吃。

If you cook more than you can eat, the extra food is called ‘leftovers’.

如果您煮得比您能吃的多， 多餘的食物就稱為“leftovers”。

You can eat the leftovers on another day.

您可以在其他天吃剩菜。

What about you?

您呢？

Do you cook much?

您常煮菜嗎？

If not, what do you do for food?

如果您不煮，食物方面您可以做些什麼嗎？

Pause the video now, and try to make a few sentences to describe your cooking and eating

現在暫停影片，試著造幾個句子 描述您煮的和吃的

habits.

習慣。

Done?

做好了嗎？

Great!

很好！

Let’s look at our last point.

我們看看最後一點。

So, what do we do first?

這樣，我們首先做什麼？

First, we need to fry the aubergine and the potato.

首先，我們要炸茄子和馬鈴薯。

While you do that, I’ll prepare the meat.

您做那些的時候，我會準備肉。

How are you going to do it?

您怎樣做？

It’s easy: you sauté onion and garlic, then add the meat to brown it.

那很簡單：您炒香洋蔥和蒜， 然後加肉到裡面煮成褐色。

Then you add the tomatoes and simmer it for fifteen minutes or so until the sauce thickens.

然後您加入馬鈴薯燉15分鐘 或者直到醬汁變稠。

OK, what now?

好的，現在到什麼了？

Now we need to make the white sauce.

現在您要做白醬。

You know how to make white sauce?

您知道怎樣做白醬嗎？

I think so, though I’ve never tried it.

我覺得是這樣的，儘管我從未試過。

It’s butter, flour and milk, right?

牛油、白麵粉和牛奶，對嗎？

Yes, but you need to be careful.

是的，但是您要小心。

Add the milk very slowly, and stir the sauce continuously.

很慢地加牛奶，持續地攪拌醬汁。

Otherwise, it can get lumpy.

否則，它會變成塊狀的。

Should I use a low heat?

我要用小火嗎？

Yes, as low as possible.

是的，盡可能小。

So, is that it?

那麼，是這樣嗎？

Pretty much!

差不多！

We just need to layer all the parts, sprinkle some grated cheese on top, and then bake it

我們僅需要給所有的東西分層，在上面 撒上磨碎的起士，然後烘焙

for half an hour.

一個半小時。

What should I do, then?

然後，我要做什麼？

Get a baking dish.

拿一個烤盤。

Put the potatoes in the bottom, then the aubergine, then the meat.

放馬鈴薯在底部，然後茄子， 然後是肉。

Add another layer of aubergine on top, then pour in the white sauce.

在上層在加一層茄子，然後 澆上白醬汁。

Is it ready?

那就好了嗎？

Yeah, I think so.

是的，我覺得這樣可以了。

It should be lightly brown on top.

在頂部必須稍微有點棕色。

Nice work – you made your first moussaka!

做得好，您做了您的第一道慕沙卡！

By the way, do you know what ‘moussaka’ is?

此外，您知道“moussaka”是什麼嗎？

It’s a famous Greek dish.

那是著名的希臘菜。

It’s easy to find recipes online if you want to try making it.

如果您想試著做這個菜， 很容易在網上找到菜譜。

In the dialogue, you heard several different verbs related to food preparation.

在對話裡，您聽到幾個不同的 與食物準備有關的動詞。

Do you remember any?

您記得哪些？

Look at some pairs of words.

看幾對單字。

Could you explain the difference in meaning between these words pairs?

您能解釋這些單字意思上的區別嗎？

Pause the video to think about it if you need time.

如果您需要時間，暫停影片， 考慮一下。

‘Sauté’ and ‘fry’ both mean to cook something in hot fat – usually hot oil.

“Sauté”和“fry”兩個的意思都是用熱油脂 來煮某些東西，通常是熱油。

‘Sauté’ means that you cook something at high temperature for a short time.

“Sauté”意味著您用高溫快煮某些東西。

In everyday language, people mostly say ‘fry’, but if you’re reading a recipe or watching

在每天的對話裡，人們最常說“fry”， 但是如果您看到一個菜譜或看

cooking shows on TV, you might see ‘sauté’.

電視烹飪節目，您可能會看到“sauté”。

‘Boil’ and ‘simmer’ both mean to heat a liquid until it bubbles; ‘simmer’ suggests

“Boil”和“simmer”兩個意思是加熱一種液體 知道它沸騰；“simmer”則是

you keep the heat as low as possible.

您用盡可能小的火持續加熱。

‘Boil’ means you use a higher heat.

“Boil”意思是您用猛火。

‘Pour’ is only for liquids.

“Pour”僅用於液體。

‘Sprinkle’ means to spread a small amount of something over something else.

“Sprinkle”意思是撒少量的某些東西到 什麼上面。

‘Sprinkle’ is mostly used for powders or things made of small particles, like salt,

“Sprinkle” 最常用於粉狀的或是 小顆粒製成的東西，像是鹽、

herbs, grated cheese, and so on.

草類的、磨碎的起士，類似這樣的東西。

Now, it’s your turn.

現在，輪到您了。

Think about a dish you know how to make.

想一個您知道怎樣做的菜。

Your job is to give detailed instructions for how to make it.

您要做的是給出怎樣做的細節指引。

Imagine you’re teaching someone, and you want to describe every step of the process.

想像一下您正在教某人， 您想描述流程的每一步。

Before you do this, you can watch the dialogue again.

您做這個之前，您可以再看看對話。

There are many more words and phrases you can use to help you.

您有太多的單字和短語可以用了。

Pause the video, and say your answer out loud.

暫停影片，大聲地說出您的回答。

Or, you can write your answer down and share your recipe with other students in the comments!

或者，您在留言板裡寫下您的菜譜， 與其他同學們一起分享！

That’s all.

本節課就到這結束。

Thanks for watching!

感謝觀看！

See you next time!

下次見！