Use a Notebook to Learn More English Vocabulary - Increase English Vocabulary

英文字彙 — 使用一本筆記本

Hi I'm Sam.

嗨，我是Sam。

Welcome to Oxford Online

歡迎來到Oxford Online

English!

English！

In this lesson, you can learn

在本節課裡，您可以學到

what a vocabulary notebook is, why it's

一個單字筆記本是什麼、

useful for learning vocabulary more

為什麼它對更快地學習單字

quickly, and how to use it.

是有用的、怎麼使用它。

Part one: why should you use a vocabulary

第一部分：為什麼您要用一個

notebook.

單字筆記本。

A vocabulary notebook is a small

單字筆記本是一個

book where you can record new words.

您可以記下新單字的小簿子。

The

最好的單字筆記本

best vocabulary notebook is small enough

足夠小到放入

to put in your pocket, so you can carry

您的口袋，這樣您可以帶著它到

it everywhere with you, like this.

任何地方，像這個。

Remembering new vocabulary is something

記住新單字是很多新學生

that many students find difficult.

覺得困難的事情。

To

要真正地

really know a word means that you're able

了解一個單字意味著您不僅

not just to recognize it, but to use it

能辨別出它，而且能正確地

correctly.

使用它。

But how can you go from

但是您怎樣從辨別和理解

recognizing and understanding a word to

一個單字到在英文口說

using it well in your English speaking

和寫作裡很好地

and writing?

使用它？

You need to form a long-term

您要形成一個您要試圖去

memory of the word or phrase you're

記憶的單字和片語

trying to remember.

的長期記憶。

When you learn new

當您在課堂上或自學期間

words in class, or during self study, it's

學習新單字，那是

in your short-term memory.

您的短期記憶。

You're able to

在您學習期間，也許甚至

recognize and even use the word during

是在這之後，您可以

your studies, and maybe even for a short

辨別甚至是使用

time afterwards, but then you may forget

單字，但是，然後，您也許

it.

會忘掉它。

You need to move the word into your

您需要移動單字到您的

long-term memory.

長期記憶裡。

The only way to do this is to see, hear,

做這個的唯一方式是看、聽

and use the word many times.

以及使用單字很多次。

So then, why

所以，為什麼一個單字筆記本

is a vocabulary notebook helpful for

有助於更快地拓展

expanding your vocabulary more quickly?

您的字彙能力？

A vocabulary notebook is an excellent tool

一個單字筆記本是幫您把新單字

to help you move new words from your

從您的短期記憶裡移到

short-term to your long-term memory.

長期記憶裡的優秀工具。

You

您可以

can use it to record and review the

用它來記憶或複習字彙，

vocabulary, enabling you to see, hear and

這樣，您能夠看、聽並使用

use the vocabulary many times, which will

單字很多次，那會幫您

help you to remember it.

去記住它。

But how do you use avocabulary

但是，您怎樣用一個單字

notebook?

筆記本呢？

There are lots of different

有大量不同的

ways to use a vocabulary network but

方式來使用單字筆記本，但是

two things are important: record and review.

有兩件事是重要的：記錄和複習。

Part two: how to record the meaning of new

第二部分：怎樣記錄新單字

vocabulary.

的意思。

Let's look at recording vocabulary.

我們來看看記錄新單字。

When

在您

you learn new vocabulary, record it

學習新單字時，立即

instantly.

記錄它。

That means write it down at

那意味著當時就

that moment.

寫下它。

The physical act of writing

寫下它的身體行動

it down can help you to remember it

能幫您以後

later.

記住它。

So, whether you're in class, studying at

所以，無論您是在課堂上、在家學習、

home, or out and about, the best thing to

或是外出走動，要做這個的最好

do is to record the word when you learn

方式就是在您學它的時候

it;

記錄它；

don't wait until later!

不要等到之後！

There are four

有四個簡單的

easy steps.

步驟。

The first step is recording

步驟一是清晰、

words clearly and correctly.

正確地記錄單字。

This may

這也許聽起來

sound obvious but many students find

像是顯而易見的，但是很多學生發現他們不能

they're unable to read their own notes, or

讀自己的筆記，或者他們用

they record and then learn words with incorrect

不正確的拼寫來記錄單字，

spelling.

然後學它們。

So, always check how words are spelt.

所以，總是要檢查單字是怎麼拼寫的。

So, what

那麼，您要記錄其他的

else do you need to record?

什麼東西嗎？

The second

步驟二

step is to record the meaning of the

是記錄單字的

vocabulary.

意思。

There are a number of ways to

有很多方法來做這個，

do this depending on the word or phrase

那取決於您想要去學的

that you want to learn.

單字和片語。

Let's use our example, 'soup'.

我們來用我們的事例，“soup”。

Do you think

您覺得

writing 'pea or chicken' will help you to

寫“pea or chicken”會幫您記住

remember the meaning of this word?

這個單字的意思嗎？

It's

那是真的，

true that pea and chicken are examples of

豌豆和雞肉是湯的例子，

soup, but writing down the meaning like

但是寫下像這樣的意思

this might not help you to remember what

也許不會幫您記住

'soup' means.

“soup”的意思。

However, I'm quite sure most

然而，我十分確定大部分的國家都有湯

countries have soup, so translation is a

這道菜，所以翻譯是一個

quick and clear way to show the meaning

快速並簡單的方法來

of 'soup'.

表達“soup”的意思。

I speak a little Turkish, so I'll

我會說一點土耳其語，所以我會

use that.

用那個。

In Turkish, 'soup' is 'çorba'

在土耳其語裡，“soup”是“çorba”，

Many students also find that drawing

很多學生也發現劃圖幫助

pictures helps them to remember words.

他們去記住單字。

Put the

把圖片

picture on the right-hand page for

放在單字的右手頁面

meaning.

當做意思。

For simple words like 'soup',

簡單的單字，像是“soup”，

recording the translation your own

記錄您的語言

language is okay.

是可以的。

However, many words don't have a direct

然而，很多單字沒有一個

translation.

直接的翻譯。

For this reason it's usually

因為這個理由，用英文來記錄單字的

better to record the meaning in English.

意思那是通常比較好的。

But, use your own words; don't just copy

但是，使用您自己的單字；不要只是

the meaning from the dictionary.

從辭典複製單字的意思。

This will make it easier for you to

這樣您會更容易理解

understand and remember the meaning.

並記住意思。

Let's do an example.

我們來做一個例子。

Do you know the word

您知道單字

'tasty'?

“tasty”嗎？

It describes food that has a strong

那描述食物有一個

taste or flavour.

濃烈的味道和口感。

We can also say that this is a positive

我們也可以說這是一個正面的

objective, similar to 'delicious', so we can

意圖，類似於“delicious”，所以

write a positive symbol next to the

我們可以緊接著意思寫

meaning.

一個 “+” 號。

With adjectives, it's also a good

搭配形容詞，它也是一個記錄

idea to record the opposite.

反義詞的好主意。

We can use

我們可以在反義詞

this sign for opposite.

使用這個標誌。

The opposite of

“tasty”的反義詞

'tasty' is 'tasteless'.

是“tasteless”。

It describes food that

它描述食物

has no flavour.

沒有味道。

This is a negative adjective, so we can

這是一個負面的形容詞，所以

write a negative symbol next to the

我們可以緊接著意思

meaning.

寫一個 “—” 號。

Hopefully, now you have a good idea of

希望，現在您有一個怎麼在您的

how to record meaning in your notebook.

筆記本裡記錄單字意思的好主意。

Using a vocabulary notebook is a

使用單字筆記本是一個

learning process, and should be personal

學習程序，對您會是很個人的，

to you, so experiment with different

所以嘗試記錄單字意思

ways of recording meaning.

的不同方式。

But, however you

但是，然而，您

decide to record meaning, one thing is

決定記錄單字意思，一個意思是

important: it must be clear to you when

重要的：當您在回頭看時，對您而言，

you come back to it.

那必須是清晰的。

So, there are four

所以，有四個步驟來

steps to recording vocabulary: first,

記錄單字：首先，

record the word clearly and correctly;

清晰並正確地記錄單字；

second: record the meaning.

其次：記錄意思。

What's next?

接下來呢？

Part three: how to record the form of new vocabulary.

第三部分：怎麼記錄新單字的詞類。

Ask yourself or your teacher: is your

問自己或您的老師：您的新單字

new vocabulary a noun, a verb, an adjective, an idiom?

是一個名詞、一個動詞、一個 形容詞、一個成語？

Remember that phrases

記住片語

can be nouns or verbs too, so this is

也可以是名詞或動詞，所以這對

true for both words and phrases.

單字和片語都是適用的。

If it's a noun, is it countable or uncountable?

如果它是一個名詞，它是可數的，還是不可數的？

Make a note so that you understand how to

做一個注釋，所以您理解

use it.

怎麼去用它。

You can record the form in

您可以緊接著單字用括號

brackets next to the word.

來記錄詞類。

Here,

在這裡，

'soup' is a noun, so you can write 'n' after

“soup”是一個名詞，所以您可以在

it.

它的後面寫“n”。

'Soup' can be countable or uncountable.

“Soup”可以是可數的或不可數的。

You

您可以寫C/U來

can show this by writing C/U.

註明這個。

You can put adj. to show that 'tasty'

您可以寫形容詞adj，來註明“tasty”

and 'tasteless' are adjectives.

和“tasteless”是形容詞。

It's helpful to use abbreviations to

運用縮寫來記錄詞類

record form.

是有用的。

Here are some examples.

在這裡有一些例子。

n. is for noun.

n.是名詞。

v. is for verb.

v. 是動詞。

C is for countable.

C 是可數的。

U is for uncountable.

U是不可數的。

adj. is for adjective

adj. 是形容詞。

adv. is for adverb.

adv.是副詞。

Capital 'I' capital 'D' is for idiom.

大寫的“I”和“D”是成語。

mwv means multi-word verb.

mwv意思是多字動詞。

Abbreviations help you to record form

縮寫幫您快速地記錄詞類，並在

quickly and use less space in your

您的筆記本裡使用

notebook.

較少的空間。

So, when recording vocabulary,

所以，當記錄單字時，

you should: record it clearly and

您要：清晰並準確地記錄它，

correctly, record the meaning, record the

記錄意思，

form.

記錄詞類。

There's one more thing you should record.

還有一件事您要記錄的。

Part four: how to record the pronunciation

第四部分：怎樣記錄新單字

of new vocabulary.

的發音。

You're learning

您在學

English.

英文。

That means you know how

那意味著您知道英文發音

confusing and irregular English

可以是多麼的混淆

pronunciation can be.

及無規則。

That's why you

那就是為什麼您

should record some details about the

要記錄有關單字發音的

pronunciation of words.

一些細節。

You could: write

您可以：用音標寫下聲音、

the sounds in phonetics, mark stressed

標註重音音節、

syllables, mark any silent syllables or

標註不發音的音節或字母，

letters, and record any difficult or

以及記錄任何困難

irregular sounds.

或不規則的聲音。

For example, students sometimes confuse

例如，學生們有時混淆了

the pronunciation of 'soup' with 'soap'.

“soup”與“soap”的發音。

So, the vowel sound here is important.

所以，元音聲音在這裡是重要的。

This is the symbol for the 'oo' sound.

這是“oo”音的符號。

You don't have to use phonetic symbols,

您不必使用音標符號，

but they can help you to remember

但是他們可以幫您記住

the correct pronunciation of words.

單字的正確發音。

Vowel

元音

sounds are a good place to start.

聲音是好的開始。

You can write

您可以

the 'oo' sound under the letters that

在發出這個音的字母

make that sound.

下面寫“oo”聲音。

The word 'tasty' has more

單字“tasty”有超過一個音節，

than one syllable, so you should record

所以您要記錄

the stress in the word.

單字的重音。

You can do this by underlining the vowel

您可以在重音所在的元音

where the stress is.

做下劃線來標註它。

In 'tasty',

在“tasty”，

the stress is on 'a' Some students may

重音是在“a”，一些學生也許

also find it helpful here to record the

也在這裡發現記錄元音聲音

vowel sound; the vowel sound is 'ay': tasty.

是有用的；元音聲音是“ay”：tasty。

In

在

speech, the second t in 'tasteless' is

說話時，“tasteless”裡的第二個

silent.

“t”是不發音的。

You can show this by writing a small

您可以在第二個“t”下面寫一個

cross under the second 't': tasteless.

小十字來表達這個： tasteless。

So, now we have the basic information we

所以，現在我們有了我們要

need to record.

記錄的基本資訊。

We've written the word

我們清晰並正確地

clearly and correctly, and we've checked

寫單字，我們

the spelling.

檢查了拼寫。

We've also recorded the meaning, the form

我們也記錄了單字的意思、

and the pronunciation of the words.

詞類和發音。

You

您也許

may notice that I've used different colours.

注意到我使用了不同的顏色。

It's helpful to use colour in your notes,

在您的筆記本裡用不同的顏色是有幫助的，

and to be consistent.

但是要保持一致。

That means always using the same colour

那意思是在相同的事情上總是要

for the same thing.

使用相同的顏色。

You could use

您可以在言語的不同部分

different colours for different parts of

使用不同的顏色，就像我在這裡

speech, as I've done here: my nouns are

做的：我的名詞是黑色，

black and my adjectives are red.

形容詞是紅色。

You could use different colours for verbs and

您也可以在動詞和 副詞用不同的

adverbs, too.

顏色。

This helps you understand and

這會幫您理解並迅速地

remember the form of the word quickly.

記住單字的詞類。

Also, using a different colour for your

同樣，在您的筆記裡用不同的顏色標註

pronunciation notes helps them stand out.

發音以引起對它們的注意。

I

我

always use green.

總是用綠色。

Finally, you might want to add some

最後，您之後也許想增加一些

information to your notes later, do

資訊到您的筆記裡，

leave some space.

要留一些空間。

What else might you want to add?

您想要添加的其他東西可能會是什麼？

You'll see

您之後會看到

some ideas later.

一些意見。

Part five: remember

第五部分：通過複習和

vocabulary by reviewing and developing

拓展您的筆記本來

your notes.

記住單字。

So, now you know how to record

所以，現在您知道怎麼在筆記本裡

new vocabulary in your notebook, but

記錄新單字了，

that's not enough.

但是那還不夠。

You also need to be able to remember the

您也要能記住

vocabulary.

單字。

When you're learning English,

在您學英文時，

you can forget around eighty percent of

如果您不複習它，您可能

your vocabulary if you don't review it.

會忘記您的單字的大約80%。

Reviewing vocabulary means seeing it again and

複習單字意味著再次看到它並

using it.

使用它。

You don't need to spend a long

您在每次複習時

time each time you review.

不用花太多時間。

The most

最重要的

important thing is that you review it

事情是您隨著時間的推移

many times over time.

複習它很多次。

Carrying a

隨時隨地

vocabulary notebook with you everywhere

帶著一個單字筆記本

helps you to do this.

幫您做到這一點。

Let's make a review

我們來做一個複習計劃：

plan: imagine you recorded some

想像您今天在筆記本裡

vocabulary in the notebook today.

記錄了一些單字。

How should you review it?

您要怎麼複習它？

Research shows that students forget 80%

研究顯示學生們24小時內忘記了他們

of what they've learned within 24 hours

在一節課裡學到的

of a lesson.

單字的80%。

So, a short time after you've

所以，在您寫下一些新單字之後的

written some new vocabulary down, take

很短一段時間裡，

five minutes to look at it again.

花5分鐘來再看它一次。

The

做這個的

very best time to do this is 10 minutes

最好時間是之後10分鐘，

after, when you still remember most of

在您仍然記得課程的

the lesson.

大部分時。

Maybe you're waiting for the

也許您在等巴士、

bus, or having a coffee.

或者在喝一杯咖啡。

You can take your notebook out and

您可以拿出您的筆記本，

review the vocabulary quickly.

並迅速地複習單字。

Read through what you've written.

通讀您寫的東西。

Remember the meaning, the form and the

記住意思、詞類和

pronunciation.

發音。

Say the words in your head: 'soup' is 'çorba'.

在您的腦海里唸單字：“soup”是“çorba”。

Then, test yourself.

然後，自己考自己。

You can cover the meaning

您可以蓋住筆記本的單字意思的位置，

site of the notebook, look at the words,

看單字，並看看您

and see if you can remember the meaning.

能否記住意思。

Then you can cover the words on the left

然後您可以蓋住左邊的單字，

side, and see if you can remember how to

並看看您能否只看意思就

say them by looking at the meaning:

記得怎麼唸它們：

'çorba' is 'soup'.

“çorba”是“soup”。

Focus on the pronunciation: 'soup'.

著重在發音：“soup”。

Then, uncover the left

然後，解開左邊

side and check the pronunciation and the

檢查發音

word.

和單字。

Later that day, when you have a bit more

當天之後，在您有多一點時間時，

time, you can sit down and add some

您可以坐下來，添加一些信息

information to your notes.

到您的筆記本裡。

Firstly, you

首先，如果您

should add collocations if you can find

可以找到它們，您要添加

them.

搭配詞。

A good dictionary will give you

一本好辭典會給您

collocations.

搭配詞。

Use an English learner's

使用一本適合英文學習者的辭典，像是

dictionary such as Oxford, Cambridge, or

牛津辭典、劍橋辭典或

Macmillan to find the vocabulary.

麥克米倫辭典來找單字。

What about collocations with 'soup'?

與“soup”搭配詞呢？

We

我們

often use words the different types of

在不同類型的湯通常使用

soup.

不同的單字。

For example, 'chicken soup', 'potato

例如，“chicken soup”、“potato

soup', 'tomato soup'.

soup”、“tomato soup”。

We can also say, 'a

我們也可以說“a

bowl of soup' or 'a tin of soup'.

bowl of soup”或者“a tin of soup”。

Write the

在單字下方您留下

collocation in the space you left under

的空間裡

the vocabulary.

寫下搭配詞。

This will help you to remember the word

這會幫您用實際使用的方式

or phrase in the way that it's actually used.

記住單字或片語。

Another good tip is to write sentences

另一個好的訣竅是用您新學的

using your new words.

單字來寫句子。

The best way to do

幫您記住您的新單字的

this to help you remember your new

最好的方式是

vocabulary is to personalize them.

個性化它們。

For

例如，

example,

“My mum loves tomato

'My mum loves tomato soup, but I hate it.'

soup, but I hate it.”

So, at the end of day one, you've found some

所以，在第一天結束時，您發現

new vocabulary, you've recorded the

一些新單字，您記錄了

meaning, the form and the pronunciation.

意思、詞類和發音。

You've reviewed it by looking at it again

在您首次看到它們之後

as soon as possible after you first saw

盡快地再看到它們，

it.

這樣您複習了它們。

Then, you've reviewed it again by

然後，您通過在一本辭典裡找到它、

looking it up in a dictionary and adding

添加搭配詞和依據個性化的句子

collocations and a personalized sentence.

來再次複習它。

Congratulations!

祝賀您！

You now have enough

您現在在您的筆記本裡有

information in your notebook to start

足夠的資訊開始

using it to really expand your

使用它、來真正地

vocabulary.

擴充您的單字。

I hope this lesson has helped you.

我希望本節課對您有幫助。

Remember, you can find more of our free

記住，您可以找到我們更多的

English lessons on Oxford Online English

免費英文課程，在這裡：

dot com.

Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks very much for watching!

非常感謝觀看！

See you next time.

下次見！