English Sounds and Spelling - English Pronunciation Lesson

英文發音 — 發音與拼寫

Hello, I'm Oli.

您好，我是Oli。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this pronunciation lesson, you can learn about sounds and spelling in English.

在本節發音課程，您可以學習 英文的發音和拼寫。

If you just look at a word in English, do you know how to pronounce it?

如果您只看一個英文單字， 您知道它怎麼唸嗎？

Not always.

不一定。

It can be difficult because, in English, the way we write a word and the way we say it

那可能是有難度的，因為，在英文裡， 您寫一個單字的方法和我們唸

are not always the same.

它的方法不一定是相同的。

In this lesson, you can learn more about the differences between how we write a word and

在本節課裡，您可以學到有關我們 怎麼寫一個英文單字和怎麼唸

how we say a word in English.

一個英文單字之間的區別。

Part one: the same letter can have different sounds.

單元一：同一個字母可以 唸不同的音。

Look at three words: phone, clock, for.

看三個單字：phone、clock、for。

All of these words contain the letter O. Is the letter O pronounced the same way in each

所有這些單字含有字母“O”。

字母“O”在每一個單字都可以用 相同方式唸嗎？

word?

No.

不會哦。

In "phone," the letter O has an /əʊ/ sound.

在"phone"裡，字母“O”有一個/əʊ/音。

In "clock," O has an /ɒ/ sound.

在"clock"裡，“O”有一個/ɒ/音。

In "for," O has an /ɔː/ sound.

在"for"裡，“O”有一個 /ɔː/音。

So here, we have three different words, all with the same letter, but with three different

那麼，在這裡，我們有三個含有相同 字母的不同單字，

pronunciations.

但是唸三個不同的音。

Part two: different letters can have the same sound.

單元二：不同的字母可以唸 相同的音。

Let's look at three more words: big, England, busy.

我們再多看三個單字：big、England、 busy。

OK, some questions: what sound does the I in "big" make?

好，一些問題：在“big”裡 的“I”唸什麼音？

What sound does the E in "England" make?

在"England"裡的“E”唸什麼音？

And what sound does the U in "busy" make?

在"busy"裡的“U”唸什麼音？

Listen again: big, England, busy.

再聽一遍：big、England、busy。

These three letters all have the same sound: /ɪ/.

所有這三個字母唸相同的音： /ɪ/。

So here, we have three different letters, I, E, and U, but they all make one sound,

所以，在這裡，我們有三個不同的字母， I、E和U，但是它們唸

/ɪ/.

同一個音/ɪ/。

OK, at this point, it should be clear that letters and sounds are not the same thing

好，關於這一點，它肯定是很清楚的， 在英文裡，字母和唸它

in English.

的音不是同一件事情。

So let's look at this in more detail.

所以我們看下這方面的更多細節。

Part three: how to count letters and sounds.

單元三：怎麼算字母和唸幾個音。

OK, look at three more words: fast, seven, ted.

好，再看三個單字： fast、seven、 ted。

I want you to think about two questions: how many letters do these words have, and how

我想要您考慮兩個問題：這些 單字有多少個字母？

many sounds do these words have?

這些單字唸幾個音？

OK, well, the first question is easy.

好的，很好，問一是簡單的。

"Fast" has four letters.

"Fast"有四個字母。

"Seven" has five letters, and "red" has three letters.

"Seven"有五個字母，而 "red"有三個字母。

What about the second question?

那問二呢？

How many sounds do the words have?

單字唸幾個音？

Well, actually, "fast" has four sounds.

好的，實際上，"fast"唸四個音。

/f/-/ɑː/-/s/-/t/.

/f/-/ɑː/-/s/-/t/.

"Seven" has five sounds: /s/-/e/-/v/- -/n/.

"Seven" 唸五個音： /s/-/e/-/v/- -/n/.

"Red" has three sounds: /r/-/e/-/d/.

"Red"唸三個音： /r/-/e/-/d/.

So all of these words have the same number of letters and sounds.

所以所有三個單字有相同數量的 字母和唸相同數量的音。

"Fast" has four letters and four sounds.

"Fast"有四個字母，唸四個音。

"Seven" has five letters and five sounds.

"Seven"有五個字母，唸五個音。

"Red" has three letters and three sounds.

"Red"有三個字母，唸三個音。

That makes these words easy to pronounce because you see the word, one letter equals one sound.

那唸這些單字變簡單了，因為 您看到單字，一個字母相當於一個音。

It's easy.

那是簡單的。

But are all English words like this?

但是所有的英文單字都像這樣嗎？

No, most English words are not like this.

沒有，大部分的英文單字不是像這樣的。

This is what makes English pronunciation difficult.

這是英文難唸的地方。

So let's look at this again.

所以我們再看看這個。

Part four: letters and sounds are not always the same thing.

單元四：字母和唸它的音不一定 是同一件事。

OK, listen to three more words: coffee, teacher, shopping.

好，再聽三個單字：coffee、teacher、 shopping。

Think about the same questions we asked before: how many letters does each word have, and

考慮我們之前問的相同問題： 每個單字有多少個字母？

how many sounds does each word have?

以及唸幾個音？

So, "coffee" has six letters, but how many sounds?

所以"coffee"有六個字母， 但是唸幾個音？

Just four.

只有四個。

The two Fs together make one /f/ sound, and the two Es together make one /i/ sound.

兩個F合併在一起唸一個/f/音， 兩個E合併在一起唸一個/i/。

So there are four sounds.

所以唸四個音。

/k/-/ɒ/-/f/-/i/.

/k/-/ɒ/-/f/-/i/.

Teacher has seven letters.

Teacher有7個字母。

How many sounds?

唸幾個音？

Four, again.

一樣，四個。

So the two letters EA make one /iː/ sound.

所以最後的兩個字母EA唸一個/iː/音。

The two letters CH make one /tʃ/ sound, and the two letters, ER, make one /ə/ sound.

兩個字母CH唸一個/tʃ/音， 兩個字母ER唸一個/ə/音。

So there are four sounds in the word: /t/-/iː/-/tʃ/-/ə/.

那麼，單字唸四個音： /t/-/iː/-/tʃ/-/ə/。

"Shopping" has eight letters.

"Shopping" 有8個字母。

How many sounds?

唸幾個音？

Five.

五個。

S and H together make one /ʃ/ sound.

S和H合在一起唸一個/ʃ/音。

The two Ps together make one /p/ sound.

兩個P合在一起唸一個/p/音。

The letters NG make one /ŋ/ sound.

字母NG唸一個/ŋ/音。

So that leaves five sounds: /ʃ/-/ɒ/-/p/-/ɪ/-/ŋ/.

所以唸五個音：/ʃ/-/ɒ/-/p/-/ɪ/-/ŋ/。

Often, a word has more letters than sounds because two or more letters together can make

通常，一個單字的字母數量會比唸的音要多，因為 兩個或更多的字母合在一起

one sound.

可以唸一個音。

Sometimes three or four letters together can make one sound.

有時三個或四個字母合在一起 可以唸一個音。

For example, look at the word "four," F-O-U-R.

例如，看單字"four" F-O-U-R。

In this word, the three letters, 'OUR', make one sound: /ɔː/.

在這個單字裡，“OUR” 唸一個音： /ɔː/。

Let's look at three more words: one, use, Europe.

我們再多看三個單字：one、use、 Europe。

Same questions: How many letters?

同樣的問題：有多少個字母？

How many sounds?

唸幾個音？

Well, let's look at "one."

好吧，我們看看"one"。

"One" has three letters and three sounds, so that's easy, right?

"One"有三個字母，唸三個音， 那麼這是簡單的，對嗎？

But what are the three sounds?

但是三個音是什麼？

/w/-/ʌ/-/n/.

/w/-/ʌ/-/n/.

Where does that /w/ sound come from?

那個/w/音從哪裡來？

What about the other words?

其他的單字呢？

Well, "use" has three sounds, again, /j/-/ʊː/-/z/.

好，"use"唸三個音，同樣， /j/-/ʊː/-/z/。

Again, you can see a /j/ sound, which is pronounced, but which isn't obviously in the written word.

同樣，您可以看到一個唸/j/的音， 但那絕對不是書寫的單字。

"Europe" has five sounds: /j/-/ʊə/-/r/-/ə/-/p/.

"Europe"唸五個音：/j/-/ʊə/-/r/-/ə/-/p/。

Once again, you can see there's a /j/ sound in the pronunciation, which isn't written

同樣，您可以看到有一個音唸/j/， 那沒有在單字裡清楚地

clearly in the word.

書寫出來。

So to review: very often, words have more letters than sounds because, very often, two

那麼對於review：很常見，單字裡有的字母比要 唸的音要多，因為很常見，兩個或

or more letters together can produce one sound.

更多的字母合在一起可以唸一個音。

Sometimes there are extra sounds which are not obviously written, but which are pronounced

有時沒有明顯地寫出來的 那個額外唸的音，在您

when you say the word.

唸單字時那是要唸的。

Okay.

好！

Let's do some practice together.

我們一起來做作業。

I'm going to give you five words: apple, because, student, cheap, Wednesday.

我要給您五個單字：apple、because、 student、cheap、Wednesday。

Think about the same questions: how many letters do these words have, and how many sounds do

考慮同一個問題：這些單字有 多少個單字？

these words have?

以及唸幾個音？

If you want, pause the video and think about your answer.

如果您想考慮，暫停影片並考慮您的答案。

We can start again when you're ready and look at the answers together.

在您準備好時，我們可以再開始， 一起看答案。

OK, ready?

好的，準備好了嗎？

Let's check.

我們檢查一下。

"Apple" has five letters and three sounds: /æ/-/p/-/l/.

"Apple"有五個字母要唸三個音： /æ/-/p/-/l/。

"Because" has seven letters and five sounds: /b/-/ɪ/-/k/-/ɒ/-/z/. "Student" has seven

"Because" 有七個字母要唸五個音： /b/-/ɪ/-/k/-/ɒ/-/z/。

"Student"有七個字母要唸八個音。

letters and eight sounds.

How's this possible?

怎麼可能？

Let's look: /s/-/t/-/j/-/ʊː/-/d/-/e/-/n/-/t/.

我們看看：/s/-/t/-/j/-/ʊː/-/d/-/e/-/n/-/t/。

Eight.

八個。

There's an extra /j/ before the /ʊː/, which again is not obvious from the spelling, but

在/ʊː/前面要唸一個額外的/j/音，同樣， 顯然從拼寫上是看不出來的，

it's in the pronunciation.

但是要唸它。

"Cheap" has five letters and three sounds.

"Cheap"有五個字母要唸三個音。

/tʃ/-/iː/-/p/. Wednesday, nine letters, six sounds: /w/-/e/-/n/-/z/-/d/-/eɪ/.

/tʃ/-/iː/-/p/。

Wednesday，九個字母，唸六個音：/w/-/e/-/n/-/z/-/d/-/eɪ/。

OK, that's the end of the lesson.

好，本節課就到這。

Thank you very much for watching.

非常感謝您的觀看。

You can see more of our free lessons on our website, www.oxfordonlineenglish.com.

您可以在我們的網站看到更多免費課程， www.oxfordonlineenglish.com。

In the video description, you can see a link to the full version of this lesson.

在影片描述裡，您可以看到一個連接到 本節課的完整版本。

The full version includes a quiz and the full text, so you can review and practice this

完整的版本包括一個隨堂測驗和全部的 文字內容，所以您可以複習和

topic some more.

做與這個主旨有關的作業。

But that's all.

這就是全部了。

Thanks again for watching.

再次感謝觀看。

I'll see you next time.

下次見。

Bye bye!

再見！