English Sounds and Spelling - English Pronunciation Lesson

383,658 views ใƒป 2016-02-22

Oxford Online English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Hello, I'm Oli.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒชใงใ™ใ€‚
00:03
Welcome to Oxford Online English!
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ใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ๏ผ
00:05
In this pronunciation lesson, you can learn about sounds and spelling in English.
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ใ“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใจใ‚นใƒšใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
If you just look at a word in English, do you know how to pronounce it?
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ ใ‘ใงใ€ใใฎ ็™บ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
00:17
Not always.
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ๅธธใซใงใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
00:18
It can be difficult because, in English, the way we write a word and the way we say it
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ›ธใๆ–นใจ่จ€ใ„ๆ–น
00:24
are not always the same.
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ใŒๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:26
In this lesson, you can learn more about the differences between how we write a word and
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ
00:31
how we say a word in English.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ›ธใๆ–นใจ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉณใ—ใๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:33
Part one: the same letter can have different sounds.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 1: ๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ‚‚็•ฐใชใ‚‹้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:40
Look at three words: phone, clock, for.
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phoneใ€clockใ€for ใฎ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:47
All of these words contain the letter O. Is the letter O pronounced the same way in each
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใฏใ™ในใฆๆ–‡ๅญ— O ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ๅญ— O ใฏๅ„ๅ˜่ชžใงๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ
00:53
word?
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ใพใ™ใ‹?
00:54
No.
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00:56
In "phone," the letter O has an /ษ™สŠ/ sound.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ€Œphoneใ€ใฎ O ใฏ /ษ™สŠ/ ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
01:00
In "clock," O has an /ษ’/ sound.
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"clock" ใฎ O ใซใฏ /ษ’/ ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:05
In "for," O has an /ษ”ห/ sound.
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ใ€Œforใ€ใฎ O ใฏ /ษ”ห/ ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
01:08
So here, we have three different words, all with the same letter, but with three different
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ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใŒใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒ 3 ็จฎ้กžใ‚ใ‚Š
01:14
pronunciations.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:15
Part two: different letters can have the same sound.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 2: ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒๅŒใ˜้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:20
Let's look at three more words: big, England, busy.
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚bigใ€Englandใ€ busy ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:26
OK, some questions: what sound does the I in "big" make?
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OKใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹่ณชๅ• ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚"big" ใฎ I ใฏไฝ•ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ‹?
01:33
What sound does the E in "England" make?
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ใ€Œใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใฎEใฏไฝ•ใฎ้Ÿณ๏ผŸ
01:37
And what sound does the U in "busy" make?
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œbusyใ€ใฎ U ใฏไฝ•ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ‹?
01:41
Listen again: big, England, busy.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผšใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
01:46
These three letters all have the same sound: /ษช/.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 3 ใคใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ™: /ษช/.
01:52
So here, we have three different letters, I, E, and U, but they all make one sound,
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ Iใ€Eใ€U ใฎ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ /ษช/ ใจใ„ใ† 1 ใคใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Š
01:59
/ษช/.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:00
OK, at this point, it should be clear that letters and sounds are not the same thing
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OKใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚็‚นใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง ใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ้ŸณใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจ
02:07
in English.
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ใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:08
So let's look at this in more detail.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉณใ—ใ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:11
Part three: how to count letters and sounds.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 3: ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ้Ÿณใฎๆ•ฐใˆๆ–นใ€‚
02:15
OK, look at three more words: fast, seven, ted.
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OKใ€ใ‚ใจ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚fastใ€sevenใ€ tedใ€‚
02:20
I want you to think about two questions: how many letters do these words have, and how
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2 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใฏไฝ•ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใฏใ„ใใค
02:27
many sounds do these words have?
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ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
02:30
OK, well, the first question is easy.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:34
"Fast" has four letters.
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ใ€Œใฏใ‚„ใ„ใ€ใฏ4ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:36
"Seven" has five letters, and "red" has three letters.
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ใ€Œไธƒใ€ใฏไบ”ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ€ใ€Œ่ตคใ€ใฏไธ‰ ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ€‚
02:40
What about the second question?
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2็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:42
How many sounds do the words have?
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ๅ˜่ชžใซใฏใ„ใใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
02:44
Well, actually, "fast" has four sounds.
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ๅฎŸใฏใ€Œ้€Ÿใ„ใ€ใซใฏ4ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:49
/f/-/ษ‘ห/-/s/-/t/.
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/f/-/ษ‘ห/-/s/-/t/.
02:51
"Seven" has five sounds: /s/-/e/-/v/- -/n/.
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ใ€Œใ‚ปใƒ–ใƒณใ€ใซใฏ /s/-/e/-/v/- -/n/ ใฎ 5 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:57
"Red" has three sounds: /r/-/e/-/d/.
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ใ€Œ่ตคใ€ใซใฏ /r/-/e/-/d/ ใฎ 3 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:03
So all of these words have the same number of letters and sounds.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ๆ•ฐ ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:08
"Fast" has four letters and four sounds.
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ใ€Œใฏใ‚„ใ„ใ€ใซใฏใ€4 ใคใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ 4 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:11
"Seven" has five letters and five sounds.
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ใ€Œไธƒใ€ใฏไบ”ๆ–‡ๅญ—ไบ”้Ÿณใ€‚
03:14
"Red" has three letters and three sounds.
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ใ€Œ่ตคใ€ใซใฏใ€3 ใคใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ 3 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:18
That makes these words easy to pronounce because you see the word, one letter equals one sound.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚1 ใคใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒ 1 ใคใฎ้Ÿณใซ็ญ‰ใ—ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:25
It's easy.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:26
But are all English words like this?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ่‹ฑๅ˜่ชžใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
03:29
No, most English words are not like this.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎ่‹ฑๅ˜่ชžใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:33
This is what makes English pronunciation difficult.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’้›ฃใ—ใใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅŽŸๅ› ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:36
So let's look at this again.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:38
Part four: letters and sounds are not always the same thing.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 4: ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ้Ÿณใฏๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:43
OK, listen to three more words: coffee, teacher, shopping.
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OKใ€ใ‚ใจ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€ ่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
03:50
Think about the same questions we asked before: how many letters does each word have, and
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ๅ‰ใซๅฐ‹ใญใŸใฎใจๅŒใ˜่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„: ๅ„ๅ˜่ชžใซใฏไฝ•ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ„ๅ˜่ชžใซ
03:56
how many sounds does each word have?
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ใฏไฝ•้Ÿณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
03:58
So, "coffee" has six letters, but how many sounds?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ€ใฏ 6 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ้Ÿณใฏใ„ใใคใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
04:03
Just four.
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ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ4ใคใ€‚
04:05
The two Fs together make one /f/ sound, and the two Es together make one /i/ sound.
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2 ใคใฎ F ใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆ 1 ใคใฎ /f/ ใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Š ใ€2 ใคใฎ E ใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆ 1 ใคใฎ /i/ ใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:12
So there are four sounds.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้Ÿณใฏ 4 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:15
/k/-/ษ’/-/f/-/i/.
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/k/-/ษ’/-/f/-/i/.
04:17
Teacher has seven letters.
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ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏ7ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:20
How many sounds?
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ไฝ•้Ÿณ๏ผŸ
04:21
Four, again.
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4ใคใ€ใพใŸใ€‚
04:24
So the two letters EA make one /iห/ sound.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€EA ใฎ 2 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฏ /iห/ ใฎ 1 ใคใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:28
The two letters CH make one /tสƒ/ sound, and the two letters, ER, make one /ษ™/ sound.
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CH ใฎ 2 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใง /tสƒ/ ใŒ 1 ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Š ใ€ER ใฎ 2 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใง /ษ™/ ใŒ 1 ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:37
So there are four sounds in the word: /t/-/iห/-/tสƒ/-/ษ™/.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ˜่ชžใซใฏ /t/-/iห/-/tสƒ/-/ษ™/ ใฎ 4 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:42
"Shopping" has eight letters.
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ใ€Œใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ”ใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใฏ8ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:46
How many sounds?
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ไฝ•้Ÿณ๏ผŸ
04:47
Five.
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ไบ”ใ€‚
04:48
S and H together make one /สƒ/ sound.
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S ใจ H ใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจ /สƒ/ ใจใ„ใ†้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:53
The two Ps together make one /p/ sound.
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2 ใคใฎ P ใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆ 1 ใคใฎ /p/ ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:58
The letters NG make one /ล‹/ sound.
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NG ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฏ /ล‹/ ใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:02
So that leaves five sounds: /สƒ/-/ษ’/-/p/-/ษช/-/ล‹/.
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/สƒ/-/ษ’/-/p/-/ษช/-/ล‹/ ใฎ 5 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:07
Often, a word has more letters than sounds because two or more letters together can make
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2 ใคไปฅไธŠใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆ 1 ใคใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใซใฏ้Ÿณใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใ
05:15
one sound.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:17
Sometimes three or four letters together can make one sound.
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ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€3 ใคใพใŸใฏ 4 ใคใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ• ใฃใฆ 1 ใคใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:20
For example, look at the word "four," F-O-U-R.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ4ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ€F-O-U-R ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:25
In this word, the three letters, 'OUR', make one sound: /ษ”ห/.
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ€ŒOURใ€ใฎ 3 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒ /ษ”ห/ ใจใ„ใ† 1 ใคใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:32
Let's look at three more words: one, use, Europe.
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ใ‚‚ใ† 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚oneใ€useใ€ Europe ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:37
Same questions: How many letters?
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ๅŒใ˜่ณชๅ•: ไฝ•ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ‹?
05:39
How many sounds?
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ไฝ•้Ÿณ๏ผŸ
05:40
Well, let's look at "one."
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œไธ€ใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:43
"One" has three letters and three sounds, so that's easy, right?
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ใ€Œไธ€ใ€ใฏไธ‰ๆ–‡ๅญ— ไธ‰้Ÿณใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ—ใ‚‡๏ผŸ
05:50
But what are the three sounds?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€3ใคใฎ้Ÿณใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:55
/w/-/สŒ/-/n/.
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/w/-/สŒ/-/n/.
05:58
Where does that /w/ sound come from?
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ใ‚ใฎ /w/ ้Ÿณใฏใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใ‚‹ใฎ?
06:00
What about the other words?
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ไป–ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:02
Well, "use" has three sounds, again, /j/-/สŠห/-/z/.
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ใ€Œuseใ€ใซใฏ /j/-/สŠห/-/z/ ใฎ 3 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:08
Again, you can see a /j/ sound, which is pronounced, but which isn't obviously in the written word.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€/j/ ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ็™บ้Ÿณใ• ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใซใฏใฏใฃใใ‚Šใจ็พใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:16
"Europe" has five sounds: /j/-/สŠษ™/-/r/-/ษ™/-/p/.
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ใ€Œใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใ€ใซใฏ /j/-/สŠษ™/-/r/-/ษ™/-/p/ ใฎ 5 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:22
Once again, you can see there's a /j/ sound in the pronunciation, which isn't written
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซ /j/ ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜่ชžใซใฏใฏใฃใใ‚Šใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
06:28
clearly in the word.
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ใ€‚
06:31
So to review: very often, words have more letters than sounds because, very often, two
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ๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฏ้Ÿณใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒๅคšใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€2
06:37
or more letters together can produce one sound.
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ใคไปฅไธŠใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆ 1 ใคใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็”Ÿๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซๅคšใ„ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:40
Sometimes there are extra sounds which are not obviously written, but which are pronounced
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ๆ™‚ใ€… ใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ไฝ™ๅˆ†ใช้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
06:46
when you say the word.
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™.
06:48
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
06:49
Let's do some practice together.
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ไธ€็ท’ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:50
I'm going to give you five words: apple, because, student, cheap, Wednesday.
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5 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใ€ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ ๅญฆ็”Ÿใ€ๅฎ‰ใ„ใ€ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€‚
06:58
Think about the same questions: how many letters do these words have, and how many sounds do
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ๅŒใ˜่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใฏไฝ•ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใฏใ„ใใคใฎ้ŸณใŒ
07:05
these words have?
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
07:07
If you want, pause the video and think about your answer.
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ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใ€็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:11
We can start again when you're ready and look at the answers together.
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
07:15
OK, ready?
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใ„ใ„๏ผŸ
07:17
Let's check.
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็ขบ่ชใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
07:18
"Apple" has five letters and three sounds: /รฆ/-/p/-/l/.
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ใ€Œใ‚Šใ‚“ใ”ใ€ใซใฏใ€5 ใคใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ 3 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™: /รฆ/-/p/-/l/ใ€‚
07:25
"Because" has seven letters and five sounds: /b/-/ษช/-/k/-/ษ’/-/z/. "Student" has seven
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ใ€ŒBecauseใ€ใซใฏ 7 ใคใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ 5 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™: /b/-/ษช/-/k/-/ษ’/-/z/. ใ€Œๅญฆ็”Ÿใ€ใซใฏใ€7 ใคใฎ
07:39
letters and eight sounds.
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ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจ 8 ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:42
How's this possible?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:44
Let's look: /s/-/t/-/j/-/สŠห/-/d/-/e/-/n/-/t/.
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่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†: /s/-/t/-/j/-/สŠห/-/d/-/e/-/n/-/t/.
07:48
Eight.
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8ใ€‚
07:51
There's an extra /j/ before the /สŠห/, which again is not obvious from the spelling, but
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/สŠห/ ใฎๅ‰ใซไฝ™ๅˆ†ใช /j/ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚็ถดใ‚Šใ‹ใ‚‰ใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›
07:59
it's in the pronunciation.
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ใ‚“ใŒใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซใฏๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:01
"Cheap" has five letters and three sounds.
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ใ€Œๅฎ‰ใ€ใฏไบ”ๆ–‡ๅญ—ไธ‰้Ÿณใ€‚
08:06
/tสƒ/-/iห/-/p/. Wednesday, nine letters, six sounds: /w/-/e/-/n/-/z/-/d/-/eษช/.
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/tสƒ/-/iห/-/p/. ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€9 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ€ 6 ใคใฎ้Ÿณ: /w/-/e/-/n/-/z/-/d/-/eษช/.
08:16
OK, that's the end of the lesson.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
08:20
Thank you very much for watching.
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:22
You can see more of our free lessons on our website, www.oxfordonlineenglish.com.
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็„กๆ–™ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏใ€ๅฝ“็คพใฎ ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.oxfordonlineenglish.com ใงใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:27
In the video description, you can see a link to the full version of this lesson.
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๅฎŒๅ…จ็‰ˆใธใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:31
The full version includes a quiz and the full text, so you can review and practice this
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ใƒ•ใƒซใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใซใฏใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใจๅ…จๆ–‡ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
08:37
topic some more.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:39
But that's all.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:40
Thanks again for watching.
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:41
I'll see you next time.
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ใพใŸไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:42
Bye bye!
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ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚ค๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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