English Greetings and Introductions - Spoken English

英语口语 — 英语问候和介绍

Hello.

Hello.

Hi.

Hi.

What's your name?

What's your name?

My name's Kasia, and you are?

My name's Kasia, and you are?

My name's Olivier.

My name's Olivier.

Nice to meet you.

Nice to meet you.

And you.

And you.

What are we doing in this lesson?

在本节课里，我们会做什么？

We're going to talk about greetings and introductions in English.

我们会谈论英语里的 问候语和介绍用语。

Hi.

嗨。

I'm Olivier.

我是Olivier。

Welcome to Oxford Online English.

欢迎来到Oxford Online English。

What’s the first word you learned in English?

您在英语里学到的第一个单词是什么？

Probably 'hello', right?

有可能是“hello”，对吗？

'Hello' is the most basic way to greet someone in English.

“Hello”是在英语里问候 某人的最基本方式。

There are many different ways to greet people and introduce yourself in English.

在英语里，有很多不同的方式 来问候人们以及自我介绍。

In different situations, you’ll need to use different words and phrases to greet people

在不同的情形里，您会需要用到 不同的单词和短语来

or make introductions.

问候人们或做介绍。

In this lesson, you can learn about greetings and introductions in English and see which

在本节课里，您可以学到用英语 问候或介绍，并看在不同的

language you should use in different situations.

情形下，您应当用哪一种说法。

Imagine that you’re on a business trip, and you’re meeting some important clients

想像您在商业旅行，您正在与 一些重要的客户

for the first time.

第一次会面。

Or maybe you work in service, for example in a hotel, and you need to talk to guests

或者，也许您在服务行业工作，例如， 在一个酒店里，您需要

and customers.

与住客和客户交谈。

In these situations, you’ll want to use more formal language.

在这些情形下，您会想使用 更正式的说法。

Good morning!

Good morning!

You must be Olivier.

You must be Olivier.

Yes, good morning!

Yes, good morning!

I’m sorry, and your name is…?

I’m sorry, and your name is…?

My name’s Kasia.

My name’s Kasia.

Very nice to meet you.

Very nice to meet you.

Welcome to Madrid!

Welcome to Madrid!

Thank you.

Thank you.

How are you today?

How are you today?

Very well, thank you, and yourself?

Very well, thank you, and yourself?

I’m good, thanks for asking.

I’m good, thanks for asking.

This dialogue uses more formal language.

这个对话使用很正式的说法。

Can you see what makes it formal?

您能看出什么让它正式吗？

First, I started by saying good morning.

首先，我从说早上好开始。

The greetings good morning, good afternoon and good evening are quite formal and are

早上好、下午好和晚上好是 十分正式的，并一般

generally only used in formal situations.

只用于正式的场合。

There’s one exception: you can sometimes use good morning informally with people you

有一个例外：您有时可以和您 认识的人非正式地

know.

使用早上好。

However, it’s common in this situation to simply say 'morning'.

然而，在这种情形下简单地 说“morning”是常见的。

Can you see any other examples of formal language in this dialogue?

您可以在这个对话里看到 正式说法的其他例子吗？

There are many.

有很多。

Firstly, I asked Kasia’s name by saying, and your name is…?

首先，我用“and your name is…?”问Kasia的名字。

This is more formal than asking what’s your name?

这个比问 “what’s your name?”更正式吗？

After she introduced herself, Kasia said very nice to meet you.

在她自我介绍之后，Kasia说 “very nice to meet you.”

Saying nice to meet you is neutral—neither formal nor informal.

说“nice to meet you”是一个中性的 — 不是正式的，也不是非正式的。

However, adding very makes it sound much more formal.

然而，增加“very”让它 听起来更正式。

One word can make a big difference!

一个单词可以造成很大的差异！

I introduced myself with a full sentence: My name’s Kasia.

我用一个完整的句子做自我介绍： My name’s Kasia。

When speaking less formally, you’d use a shorter introduction, like I’m Kasia or

当讲得没那么正式时，您会使用一个 较短的介绍：像是“I’m Kasia”或

just Kasia.

就是“Kasia”。

After I introduced myself, I said Welcome to Madrid.

在我自我介绍之后， 我说“Welcome to Madrid.”

Does this sound formal or informal to you?

您觉得这听起来是正式的还是不正式的？

It’s quite formal.

那是很正式的。

Do you know why it's formal?

您知道为什么那是正式的吗？

Again, it’s a small change which makes a big difference.

同样，那是一个造成一个 大区别的小改变。

Saying welcome by itself is neutral—it’s not formal.

说“welcome”本身是中性的 — 那不是正式的。

However, adding to and a place makes it sound much more formal.

然而，增加一个地方让它 听起来正式得多。

So, if you say, Welcome to our office! that sounds formal, while if you just say, Welcome!

所以，如果您说“Welcome to our office!” 那听起来是正式的，与此同时，

it doesn’t sound so formal.

如果您只说“ Welcome!” 那听起来不太正式。

It’s common when greeting someone in English to ask some kind of how are you question.

当用英语问候某人，问一些 “how are you”的问题，那是常见的。

Do you remember what Kasia asked me?

您记得Kasia问我什么吗？

She asked How are you today?

她说“How are you today?”

Again, one word makes the difference—do you know which one?

同样，一个单词制造了区别 — 您知道是哪一个吗？

It’s today.

那是“today”。

Asking how are you is neutral.

问“how are you”是中性的。

Adding today makes it sound more formal.

增加“today”让它听起来更正式。

My answer, Very well, thank you, also sounds quite formal.

我的回答、“Very well”、“thank you” 也听起来十分正式。

If I was speaking more neutrally, I’d say something like, Well, thanks.

如果我讲得很中性，我会说某些 像是“Well”、“thanks”。

Adding very and saying thank you instead of thanks makes it sound more formal.

增加“very”和说“thank you”取代 “thanks”让它听起来更正式。

Finally, Olivier asked me how are you back.

最后，Olivier回问我“how are you”。

Do you remember how he did it?

您记得他怎么做的吗？

He asked, and yourself?

他问“and yourself?”

This is more formal than asking and you?

这比问“and you?”更正式。

I replied and said thanks for asking.

我回答并说“thanks for asking.”

You wouldn’t say thanks for asking in a more informal situation.

您在更加不正式的情形不必 说“thanks for asking”。

So, you’ve seen here how small changes can make a big difference to how formal your language

所以，您在这里有看到小改变可以造成 您的说法听起来有多么

sounds.

正式的一个很大的区别。

Remember that formality doesn’t just depend on the words you use; other things like tone

记住正式性不仅取决于您使用的单词； 其他的事情，像是声调

of voice and body language are also important.

以及肢体语言也是重要的。

Next, let’s look at how to handle greetings and introductions in a neutral way.

接下来，我们看看怎样用中性 方式处理问候语介绍。

‘Neutral’ means neither formal nor informal.

“Neutral”意思是既不是正式的， 也不是非正式的。

For example, imagine you’re at work, and you meet a new colleague.

例如，想像您在工作， 您遇到一个新同事。

You’re the same age and you’re in the same department.

你们是相同年纪， 你们在相同的部门。

This is an example of a neutral situation.

这是一个中性情形的事例。

You don’t need to be very formal, but you also wouldn’t want to sound too casual.

您不必是很正式的，但是，您 也不会想听起来太随意了。

Hello!

Hello!

Hello!

Hello!

Are you Olivier?

Are you Olivier?

Yes, that’s right.

Yes, that’s right.

What’s your name?

What’s your name?

Kasia.

Kasia.

Nice to meet you.

Nice to meet you.

And you.

And you.

How are you?

How are you?

Fine, thanks, and you?

Fine, thanks, and you?

I’m good, thanks.

I’m good, thanks.

First, compare this dialogue to the formal one from part one.

首先，比较这个对话和第一部分 正式的那个对话。

They follow the same pattern, but this dialogue is much less formal.

他们跟随相同的结构，但是， 这个对话是不太正式的。

Can you see the differences?

您可以看出区别吗？

First, we started with a neutral greeting, hello.

首先，我们以一个中性的 问候“hello”开始。

You can use hello in any situation.

您可以在任何情形使用“hello”。

Then, I asked Olivier his name with a simple question, What’s your name?

然而，我用一个简单的问题“What’s your name?”来问Olivier他的名字。

Hello, what’s your name… pretty easy, right?

Hello, what’s your name… 太简单了，对吗？

That’s because neutral language is generally the simplest language.

那是因为中性说法一般是 最简单的说法。

If you compare the two dialogues, you can see that this neutral dialogue is shorter

如果您比较两个对话，您可以看到 这个中性的对话要比您在

than the formal dialogue you saw in part one.

第一部分看到的正式对话要短。

This is very common: formal language is often longer and more complex.

这是很常见的：正式说法经常是 较长比更复杂的。

Neutral language is short and simple.

中性说法是短而简单的。

You can see this throughout the dialogue: we use the basic words and phrases that you

您可以在通篇对话看到这个：我们使用 您有可能在学校里第一节

probably learned in lesson one of your English classes at school: nice to meet you; how are

英文课里学到的基本单词和短语： nice to meet you; how are

you; fine, thanks; and so on.

you; fine, thanks; 等等。

Okay, so now you’ve learned about the differences between formal and neutral greetings and introductions.

好，所以，现在您学到了正式的和 中性的问候和介绍之间的区别。

What about informal greetings and introductions?

那非正式的问候和介绍呢？

Informal greetings and introductions are useful if you know someone well, or if you’re meeting

如果您很熟悉某人，或者如果您在一个 随意的情形遇到某人，

someone in a casual situation.

非正式的问候和介绍是有用的。

For example, if you’re hanging out with some friends, and your friends introduce you

例如，如果您和一些朋友出去玩， 您的朋友介绍您给他们的

to one of their friends, you would probably use informal language.

朋友里的一位认识，您有可能 使用非正式的说法。

Let’s see how this works:

我们看看这是怎样的：

Hi!

Hi!

Hey!

Hey!

Olivier?

Olivier?

Yeah.

Yeah.

Your name?

Your name?

Kasia.

Kasia.

Good to meet you.

Good to meet you.

You too.

You too.

How you doing?

How you doing?

Yeah, not bad.

Yeah, not bad.

You?

You?

Pretty good!

Pretty good!

So, what do you notice here?

所以，在这里您注意到什么？

The first thing you can see is that the dialogue is even shorter than the neutral dialogue

您能看到的第一件事情是对话 甚至比您在第二部分

you saw in part two.

看到的中性对话还要短。

We both used a lot of short questions and sentences.

我们两个都使用了大量 的短问题和句子。

For example:

例如：

Olivier?

Olivier?

Your name?

Your name?

How you doing?

How you doing?

You?

You?

These are fine in informal speech, and native speakers often shorten sentences and questions

这些在非正式的讲话里是很好地， 母语人士经常像这样缩短

like this.

句子和问题。

However, you wouldn’t do this in a more formal situation.

然而，您不会在一个更正式的 情形里做这个。

There are also several phrases which you wouldn’t use in a more formal setting, such as:

也有几个您不会在一个更正式的 环境里使用的短语，像是：

Hi/Hey Yeah

Hi/Hey Yeah

Not bad Pretty good

Not bad Pretty good

These are all good words and phrases to use in an informal situation.

这些全部都是用在一个非 正式情形的好的单词和短语。

At this point, you could go back and review the three dialogues.

在这一个重点，您可以回头， 并复习三个对话。

Each dialogue has exactly the same structure—only the language is different.

每一个对话准确地有相同的 结构 — 仅有说法是不同的。

See how you can use different words and phrases to greet people and introduce yourself with

看看您能怎样使用不同的单词和 短语以不同程度的正式性来

different levels of formality.

问候人们以及自我介绍。

Okay?

好吗?

Let’s look at one more thing.

我们再看一件事情。

When you’re making introductions, you might also need to introduce another person.

当您在做介绍时，您或许也 需要介绍另一个人。

Let’s see how you can do that in formal, neutral, or informal ways.

我们看看您能怎么以正式的、中性的 或非正式的方式做那个。

Here’s a very formal introduction.

这里是一个很正式的介绍。

Let me introduce my colleague, Kasia.

Let me introduce my colleague, Kasia.

Here’s another very formal way to introduce someone:

这里是另一个介绍某人的 很正式的方式：

May I introduce my colleague, Olivier?

May I introduce my colleague, Olivier?

What about neutral introductions?

那中性的介绍呢？

This is Kasia.

This is Kasia.

Here’s another way to make in introduction using neutral language.

这里是使用中性说法做 介绍的另一种方式。

Have you met Olivier?

Have you met Olivier?

Finally, what about informal introductions?

最后，那非正式的介绍呢？

In informal situations, you might not introduce people at all.

在非正式的情形下， 您也许根本不用介绍人。

You might just let them introduce themselves, or you might prompt them to introduce themselves

您也许就让他们自我介绍，或者 您也许通过问某些事情去敦促

by asking something like:

他们做自我介绍，像是：

Have you guys met?

Have you guys met?

Do you two know each other?

Do you two know each other?

If you want to make an informal introduction, the most common way is just to say the two

如果您想做一个非正式的介绍， 最常见的方式是就说两个人

people’s names, then say them again in reverse.

的名字，然后反过来再说一遍。

For example, imagine you’re introducing two people called John and Emma to each other.

例如，想像您在介绍两个人互相认识， 一位叫John，另一位叫Emma。

You could say:

您可以说：

John, Emma.

John, Emma.

Emma, John.

Emma, John.

So now, you should understand how to greet people and introduce yourself or someone else

所以，现在，您应该明白怎样在不同的 情形下问候人，以及自我

in different situations.

介绍，或者介绍其他人。

Do you want more practice with this topic?

您想在这个主题有更多的练习吗？

Check out the full version of this lesson on our website: Oxford Online English.com.

在我们的网站上看本节课的完整版本： Oxford Online English.com.

See you next time!

下次见！

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！