IELTS Essay - Tips to Write a Good IELTS Writing Task 2 Essay

雅思议论文 — 写一篇很棒的雅思写作Task2议论文的技巧

Hi, I’m Mikey.

嗨，我是Mikey。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

欢迎来到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn how to write an IELTS task two essay.

在本节课里，您可以学到怎么写 一篇雅思任务2的议论文。

Task two in the IELTS writing exam is the biggest challenge in IELTS for many students.

雅思写作考试里的任务2对很多 考生来说是一个最大的挑战。

You have 40 minutes to write an essay, which could be on almost any topic.

您有40分钟去写一篇几乎会涉及 任何主题的议论文。

In this lesson, you’ll see a model question and a possible answer to it.

在本节课里，您会看到一个问题 范例和一个可能的答案。

You’ll learn how to write your own IELTS essay, and we’ll share useful tips to help

您会学到怎么写您自己的雅思议 论文，我们会分享有用的技巧来

you improve your IELTS writing score.

帮助您提高您的雅思写作得分。

Let’s start with our sample question:

我们从我们的问题事例开始：

Some people believe that everyone should be free to make their own lifestyle choices,

Some people believe that everyone should be free to make their own lifestyle choices,

even if those choices are unhealthy.

even if those choices are unhealthy.

Other people think that the government should intervene to influence people’s choices,

Other people think that the government should intervene to influence people’s choices,

for example by putting high taxes on unhealthy products.

for example by putting high taxes on unhealthy products.

Discuss both of these views and give your own opinion.

Discuss both of these views and give your own opinion.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge

or experience.

or experience.

So, where do you start?

那么，您从哪里开始？

You’re under time pressure in the IELTS writing exam.

您处于雅思写作考试的时间压力之下。

This means that many IELTS candidates read the task quickly and start writing as fast

这意味着很多雅思考生快速地 阅读任务并尽可能快地

as possible.

开始写作。

It’s understandable, but it’s also a mistake.

那是可以理解的，但是，那也是一个错误。

To write a good answer, you need to understand the task well, and you need to have a plan

要写一个好的答案，您需要很好地 理解任务，您需要对您

for what you’re going to write.

要写什么有一个计划。

It’s easy to misunderstand the question, or to misunderstand a key word in the question.

误解问题或误解问题里的关键 单词是很容易的。

This will hurt your score.

这会不利于您的得分。

So, you need to analyse the task.

所以，您需要分析任务。

How can you do this?

您能怎样做这个。

First, read the question and try to explain what it’s asking in your own words.

首先，阅读问题，并试着用您自己 的单词来解释那是在问什么。

Look at our sample question again.

再看看我们的问题事例。

Could you rephrase this question in your own words?

您可以用您自己的话来重写这个问题吗？

Try to make it as simple as you can.

尽您所能让它简单。

Think about it.

想想它。

Here are some suggestions:

在这里有一些建议：

Should people be allowed to make their own lifestyle choices, even if they’re very unhealthy?

Should people be allowed to make their own lifestyle choices, even if they’re very unhealthy?

Should the government try to make people live healthier lives, even if it means that people

Should the government try to make people live healthier lives, even if it means that people

lose some personal freedom?

lose some personal freedom?

Of course, there are other possibilities.

当然，有其他的可能性。

This is an important step; if you don’t have any ideas here, it suggests you haven’t

这是一个重要的步骤，如果您在 这里没概念，那表明您没有

understood the question fully.

完全地理解问题。

That means you need to go back and read it again, and think about it more.

那意味着您需要回头再阅读它， 并再考虑它。

What’s next?

接下来呢？

Secondly, you need to identify how many things the task is asking you to do.

其次，您需要确认任务要求您去 做多少件事情。

Not all IELTS questions are the same.

并非所有的雅思问题是相同的。

Some questions ask you to do one or two things.

一些问题要求您去做一件或两件事情。

Other questions ask you to do three or four things.

其他的问题要求您去做三件或四件事情。

What about here?

那在这里呢？

How many things is this question asking you to do?

这个问题要求您去做多少件事情？

You have to ‘discuss both of these views’.

您必须“讨论这两种观点“。

That means you need to discuss the idea that everyone should be free to make their own

那意味着您需要去讨论每个人 应当可以自由地选择他们

lifestyle choices, and you also need to discuss the idea that the government should intervene

自己的生活方式，您也需要去 讨论政府应该介入

to influence people’s choices.

以影响人们的选择的看法，

You need to give your own opinion, so you need to reach a conclusion about which viewpoint

您需要给出您自己的观点，所以， 您需要得出一个您同意

you agree with.

哪种观点的结论。

Finally, you need to give reasons for your answer and include relevant examples.

最后，您需要为您的答案给出理由 并包括相关例证。

So, you need to do four things here.

所以，您需要在这里做四件事情。

When you read the question in your IELTS exam, add numbers to the task, like this.

当您阅读您的雅思考试里的问题时， 给任务添加数字，像是这样：

This way, you can check when you’re planning or writing, and make sure you aren’t leaving

以这种方式，您可以检查您什么 时候在计划或写作，

anything out.

确认您没有离题。

Let’s review: when you analyse the task, you should try to rephrase the question in

我们来复习：当您分析任务时， 您应当试着用您自己的话来

your own words, and then work out how many things you need to do.

给问题换个说法，然后找出 您需要做多少件事情。

What comes next?

那到下一步呢？

This is a super-important step, even if you feel that you don’t have time.

这是超级重要的一步，即使您 觉得您没时间了。

If you don’t plan, it’s hard to write a clear, well-organised essay.

如果您不做计划，很难去写一篇 清晰、组织结构很好的议论文的。

This makes it difficult to get higher scores.

这样会很难得高分的。

When planning, you need to:

在您计划时，您需要：

One: decide what your conclusion is going to be.

一：决定您的结论会是什么。

Two: decide how many body paragraphs you’re going to have.

二：决定您会有多少个主体段落。

Let’s think about these steps for our sample question.

我们来就我们的问题事例想想这些步骤。

There are three basic conclusions you can reach here.

在这里，您可以得出 三个基础的结论。

You could say that people are free to make whatever unhealthy choices they want, and

您能说人们可以自由地做出任何 他们想要的不健康的选择，

the government should not get involved.

政府不得干涉。

You could say that the government should intervene to influence people’s decisions, and that

您能说政府应当介入以影响人们 的决定， 并且人们不能

people are not free to make absolutely any bad choices they want.

自由地做出他们想要的任何 糟糕的选择。

Or, you could go for a balanced conclusion, where your position is a compromise between

或者，您可以得出一个平衡的 结论，您的立场是两个观点

both sides.

之间的妥协。

What do you think?

您觉得呢？

If you were writing this essay, what would your conclusion be?

如果您在写这篇议论文， 您的总结会是什么？

Remember that one conclusion isn’t better than another.

记住一个结论不会比另一个更好。

You can say whatever you want.

您能可以说任何您想说的。

However, you should know what your conclusion is before you go any further.

然而，在您往下写之前，您应当 知道您的结论是什么。

Otherwise, it’s impossible to make a coherent plan.

否则，做一个上下文连贯的计划 是不可能的。

Next, you need to plan your body paragraphs.

接下来，您需要计划您的主体段落。

An important point: each body paragraph should have one main point, and only one main point.

一个重点：每一个主体段落应当有 一个主要观点，且只有一个主要观点。

Don’t put many different ideas in one paragraph.

不要放很多不同的重点在一个段落里。

You also need to make sure your body paragraphs are consistent with your conclusion.

您也需要确认您的主体段落是 和您的结论是一致的。

If your conclusion is that people are free to make unhealthy choices, then you can’t

如果您的结论是人们可以自由地 做不健康的选择，那么，您不能

include a body paragraph talking about the negative effects of unhealthy lifestyle choices.

包含有一个谈论不健康生活方式 选择的负面后果的主体段落。

Let’s look at three sample plans:

我们来看三个计划范例：

Body paragraph 1: people are free to decide what to do with their own bodies

主体段落1： 人们可以自由决定 对他们自己的身体做什么

Body paragraph 2: it’s not the government’s job to be a parent to people

主体段落2：为人父母那不是 政府的工作

Conclusion: people are free to make whatever unhealthy choices they want

结论： 人们可以自由地 做他们 想要的任何不健康的选择

Here’s another possibility:

这里是另一个可能性：

Body paragraph 1: people’s unhealthy choices have a negative effect on other people and

主体段落1：人们的不健康的选择 对其他人和整个社会都有

society as a whole Body paragraph 2: the government should make

一个负面影响 主体段落2：政府应当让不健康的

unhealthy lifestyle choices expensive, difficult or illegal

生活方式选择变得昂贵、 困难或不合法

Conclusion: people are not free to make any unhealthy choices they want, and the government

结论：人们不能自由地做出他们 想要的任何不健康的选择，政府

has a duty to intervene Finally, here’s a third possible plan:

有义务介入 最后，这是第三种可能的计划：

Body paragraph 1: people are free to decide what to do with their own bodies

主体段落 1： 人们可以自由决定 对他们自己的身体做什么

Body paragraph 2: people’s unhealthy choices have a negative effect on other people and

主体段落 2：人们的不健康的选择 对其他人和整个社会都有

society as a whole Body paragraph 3: the government should encourage

一个负面影响 主体段落 3：政府应当鼓励

healthier choices, and discourage less healthy ones

更健康的选择，并且劝导 不太健康的那些

Conclusion: people are free to make whatever unhealthy choices they want, but the government

结论：人们可以自由地做出他们 想要的任何不健康的选择，

should also push people towards making healthier choices

但是，政府也应当推动人们去做出 更健康的选择。

Which plan is better?

哪一个计划更好？

They’re all good plans.

它们都是好计划。

One isn’t better than another.

一个不会比另一个更好。

And, of course, there are many other possibilities!

当然，有很多其他的可能性！

It depends on the ideas you have.

那取决于您有的想法。

For this lesson, we’re going to use the third plan to write a model IELTS essay.

对于本节课，我们想要使用第三个 计划来写一个雅思议论文范例。

Let’s review quickly: your plan needs to do two things.

我们快速复习一下：您的计划需要 做两件事情。

One: your plan needs to be consistent with your conclusion, so that all your ideas support

一：您的计划需要与您的结论保持 一致，这样您所有的想法

your final point.

支持了您最后的重点。

Two: you need to have one (and only one) main idea in each body paragraph.

二：在每一个主体段落您需要 有一个主要观点 (并且只有一个) 。

At this point, you’re ready for the next step.

在这一个重点，您准备好 下一步了。

There are three things you can do in your introduction:

在您的引言部分，有三件您能 做的事情：

First, you can provide a ‘hook’: something which shows why the topic you’re writing

首先，您可以提供一个“钩子”：可以 表明为什么您所写的主题

about is interesting or relevant.

是有趣的或相关的某些东西。

This could be some background information, a rhetorical question, an interesting fact,

这可以是一些背景信息，一个 反问的问题，一个有趣的

or something similar.

事实，或某些类似的。

Secondly, you can reframe the question to show how you are going to approach it, and

其次，您可以重新构建问题以 显示您将紧贴问题，以及

how you are interpreting the key ideas in the task.

您怎样去诠释任务里的关键 观点。

Finally, you need to give an indication of what your essay will talk about, and what

最后，您需要表明一个您的议论 文会谈论什么，以及您的

your conclusion will be.

结论会是什么。

The first part is the least important.

第一部分是最不重要的。

If you can think of a good hook, great!

如果您能想到一个好钩子，那很棒！

If not, don’t worry about it.

如果没有，不要担心它。

The second part—reframing the question—is important if you’re aiming for higher scores.

第二部分 — 重新构建问题 — 是重要 的，如果您的目标是在高分的话。

If you’re aiming for a lower score, you don’t have to do this.

如果您的目标是低分，您不必做这个。

Be careful with reframing and paraphrasing; many IELTS candidates have problems with this.

留意重新构建和转述；很多雅思 考生在这里出问题。

Not doing it at all is better than doing it badly.

根本就不要做它比做得很糟糕要更好。

The third part is essential.

第三部分是必要的。

Your introduction must signal which direction you intend to take, and what your conclusion

您的引言必须表明您打算导向 哪一个方向，以及您的

will be.

结论会是什么。

This shows the examiner that you have a coherent plan, and you know where you are going.

这告诉考官您有一个上下文承接的 计划，以及您知道您会谈到什么。

Let’s look now at a model introduction:

我们现在看一个引言范例：

Are you free to destroy your own health?

Are you free to destroy your own health?

If I want to smoke 60 cigarettes a day, eat fast food for every meal, or drink a litre

If I want to smoke 60 cigarettes a day, eat fast food for every meal, or drink a litre

of vodka daily, am I free to do so?

of vodka daily, am I free to do so?

In this essay, I will show that while you cannot stop people from making bad choices,

In this essay, I will show that while you cannot stop people from making bad choices,

the government can and should play an active role in encouraging people to live more healthily.

the government can and should play an active role in encouraging people to live more healthily.

You can see all three parts in this introduction.

您可以在这个引言里看到所有三个部分。

The first sentence is partly a hook, partly a reframing of the question.

第一句部分是一个钩子，部分是 一个问题的重新构建。

You’re using a rhetorical question to address the topic directly.

您在使用一个反问的问题来 直接讲这个主题。

The second sentence reframes the question in terms of personal freedoms.

第二个句子重新构建关于个人 自由定义的问题。

This is relevant, because in the body of the essay we’re going to focus on this aspect

这是相关的，因为在议论文的 主体，我们要关注任务的

of the task.

这方面。

The third sentence explains very clearly where the essay will go.

第三个句子很清楚地解释 议论文会写什么。

Reading this, the examiner will know what your conclusion is going to be.

读到这里，考官会知道您的结论 会是什么。

That’s a good thing: in a coherent essay, your conclusion should not be a surprise.

那是一件好事：在一篇连贯的议论文 里，您的结论应当不会令人吃惊。

Let’s review quickly: when you write an introduction, you absolutely must signal which

我们来快速复习一下：在您写一个 引言时，您绝对必须表明您会

direction you’ll take, and what your conclusion will be.

把握哪一个方向，以及您的结论 会是什么。

You should consider reframing the question to highlight the ideas you want to focus on

您应当考虑重新构建问题来强调 在您的议论文里您想要

in your essay.

关注的看法。

You can optionally include a hook or some background information, but it isn’t necessary.

您可以有选择地包含一个钩子或 一些背景信息，但是，那是没必要的。

After your introduction, you need to move on to your body paragraphs.

在您的引言之后，你需要进入到 您的主体段落。

Start your body paragraph by writing a topic sentence.

通过写一个主题句子来开始 您的主体段落。

The topic sentence summarises the main idea of your paragraph.

主题句子小结您的段落的主要观点。

Let’s remember the plan we’re using: So, our topic sentence for the first body

我们来记住我们在使用的计划： 所以，我们的第一个主体段落的

paragraph could be the sentence from the plan:

主题句子可以是计划里面的句子：

People are free to decide what to do with their own bodies.

People are free to decide what to do with their own bodies.

Or, you could say something more sophisticated, like:

或者，您可以说某些更复杂的，像是：

People frequently make self-destructive choices, and to a certain extent they should be free

People frequently make self-destructive choices, and to a certain extent they should be free

to do so.

to do so.

This is better, not only because it uses more advanced grammar and vocabulary, but also

这样是更好的，不仅因为它使用了 更进阶的语法和词汇，而且

because it also signals the conclusion: people are free to make bad choices, but that freedom

也因为它也表明了结论： people are free to make bad choices,

has limits.

but that freedom has limits.

After your topic sentence, you need to develop your idea by going into more detail.

在您的主题句之后，您需要通过 讲得更详细来展开您的想法。

For example:

例如：

Choosing what to eat or drink, how much exercise to do, how many hours to sleep, and whether

Choosing what to eat or drink, how much exercise to do, how many hours to sleep, and whether

to smoke or not are personal matters and very basic freedoms.

to smoke or not are personal matters and very basic freedoms.

This is fundamentally the same idea as the topic sentence, but more detailed.

这是与主题句子基本相同的 想法，但是，更具体。

Where the topic sentence is general, the second sentence is more specific.

主题句是笼统的情形下， 第二句是更具体的。

If possible, add an example to support your point, like this:

如果可能，添加一个事例来支撑 您的观点，像是这样：

For example, consider a man who does no exercise and regularly eats large amounts of processed

例如： consider a man who does no exercise and regularly eats large amounts of processed

junk food.

junk food.

His habits are clearly unhealthy, but equally clearly they are his decisions to make.

His habits are clearly unhealthy, but equally clearly they are his decisions to make.

You can see that the paragraph starts with a generalisation, and then gets more and more

您可以看到段落用一个概括 开头，然后变得越来

specific.

越具体。

This is a good pattern to follow in your body paragraphs.

这是在你的正文段落里去 遵循的一个很好的结构。

Finally, it’s good to end your paragraph with a mini-conclusion which restates the

最后，最好用一个重申段落 中心思想的小结来

central idea of the paragraph:

结束你的段落：

It is hard even to imagine a world in which people are forced to exercise regularly, or

It is hard even to imagine a world in which people are forced to exercise regularly, or

prevented from eating what they wanted; the idea is manifestly ridiculous.

prevented from eating what they wanted; the idea is manifestly ridiculous.

So, in the last sentence you’re going back to generalisation, but using the specific

所以，在最后一句，您要回到概括， 但是，使用您在段落里

ideas you mentioned in the paragraph.

提及的具体观点。

Maybe you’re thinking, “That’s easy for you, but I don’t have the vocabulary

或许您在想 “那对您很容易，但是， 我没有足够的词汇来写像

to write something like that.”

那样的某些东西。“

Maybe, maybe not, but you can still follow the same ideas.

也许是，也许不是，但是， 您仍然可以遵循相同的想法。

Start with a topic sentence, go into more detail, add an example if possible, and then

用一个主题句开头，进入到更 具体，如果可能，添加事例，

restate the central idea of the paragraph at the end.

然后在结尾重申段落的中心思想。

Follow the same structure for your remaining body paragraphs, and then it’s time to write

在您的剩余主体段落遵循相同的 结构，然后，是时候去写

your conclusion.

您的总结了。

When writing a conclusion, you need to do two things:

在写一个总结时， 您需要做两件事情：

One: state your opinion clearly.

一：清晰地陈述您的观点。

Two: connect all of the key ideas from the task that you’ve discussed in your body

二：连接在您的主体段落里 您讨论过的任务的所有

paragraphs.

关键看法。

Start your conclusion with a very clear, direct statement of your opinion.

用一个非常清晰、非常直接的您的 观点的陈述来开始您的总结。

For example:

例如：

I strongly agree that everyone should be free to make their own lifestyle choices, including

I strongly agree that everyone should be free to make their own lifestyle choices, including

unhealthy choices.

unhealthy choices.

The government should do more to discourage people from making unhealthy lifestyle choices.

The government should do more to discourage people from making unhealthy lifestyle choices.

Both of the views expressed in the question are correct.

Both of the views expressed in the question are correct.

This shows the examiner that you’re addressing the question directly and that you have a

这告诉考官您在直接地回答问题， 以及您有一个清晰的

clear opinion.

观点。

This has a big effect on your IELTS writing score.

这对您的雅思写作得分有大影响。

Next, you need to connect the key ideas from the task that you’ve discussed in your body

接下来，您需要连接在您的主体 段落里您讨论过的任务的

paragraphs.

所有关键看法。

Be careful not to simply repeat ideas.

小心，不要简单地重复观点。

Look at a model conclusion now:

现在看一个结论范例：

Both of the views expressed in the question are correct.

Both of the views expressed in the question are correct.

People are, and should be, free to make unhealthy lifestyle choices if they want to.

People are, and should be, free to make unhealthy lifestyle choices if they want to.

However, because of the wider impact of such choices, the government also has a responsibility

However, because of the wider impact of such choices, the government also has a responsibility

to encourage healthier lifestyles and disincentivise unhealthy habits.

to encourage healthier lifestyles and disincentivise unhealthy habits.

You can see that we cover the idea of personal freedom from paragraph one, the idea that

您能看到我们涵盖段落一里的 个人自由的观点，段落二

individual choices have broader consequences from paragraph two, and the idea that the

里个人选择有更广泛后果的观点， 以及段落三里政府应当

government should encourage people to make healthier choices from paragraph three.

鼓励人们去做更健康的选择的观点。

This is a strong conclusion, because it provides a clear position, and also connects everything

这是一个很强的结论，因为它提供了 一个清晰的立场，也以一个

together in a coherent way.

连贯的方式把每一个观点连接在一起。

You can see the full text of the model essay on our website: Oxford Online English dot

您可以在我们的网站看议论文范例的完整文本： Oxford Online English dot

com.

com.

There’s a link underneath the video.

在视屏下方有一个链接。

We have a question for you: what topics do you find easiest or most difficult to write

我们有一个问题给您：您觉得雅思 议论文题最容易写或最难写的

about in IELTS essay questions?

主题是什么？

Please let us know your ideas in the comments!

请在评论栏里告诉我们您的想法。

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！

See you next time!

下次见！