Preparing, Cooking and Serving Food in English - Visual Vocabulary Lesson

视觉词汇 — 食物和烹饪

Hi, I’m Rich. Welcome to Oxford Online  English! In this visual vocabulary lesson,  

嗨，我是Rich。欢迎来到Oxford Online  English！在本节视觉词汇课程里，

you can learn words and phrases  to talk about food and cooking.

您会学到谈论食物和 烹饪的单词和词组。

A question for you: do you want to watch  this video with subtitles? You can – it’s  

这有一个为您准备的问题：您想看有 字幕的视频吗？您可以 —

easy! Turn them on now by clicking  the ‘CC’ icon in the bottom right.  

那很容易！现在点击视频播放器底部 右侧的“CC”键打开字幕。!

Or, on mobile, tap the settings  icon to turn on subtitles.

或者，在手机上，敲击设置 图标并打开字幕。

Peel the courgettes. 

去皮小黄瓜。

‘Peel’ means to take the skin off some fruit  or vegetables. Some foods are easy to peel,  

“Peel”意思是去掉一些蔬果的皮。 一些食物很容易去皮，

like bananas. With other ingredients, you  might need to use a knife or a peeler. 

像是香蕉。有其他佐料，您也许 需要使用一把刀或一个削皮器。

Cut the tomatoes into quarters.

把番茄切成小块。

When talking about preparing food, the  combination ‘cut…into…’ is common. For example,  

在谈论准备食物时，组合 “cut…into…”是常用的。例如，

you might hear: ‘Cut the chicken into six  pieces’, or ‘Cut the aubergine into small cubes.’

您也许会听到： “Cut the chicken into six  pieces”，或“Cut the aubergine into small cubes.”

There’s one common exception to this pattern;  

这个结构有一个常见的例外；

you cut something *in* half, not ‘into’. For  example: ‘Cut the lemon in half,’ not ‘into half’.

您切某物 *成*一半，不是“into”。例如： “Cut the lemon in half,”不是“into half”。

Cut the radish into thin slices Slice the radish thinly. 

把萝卜切成薄片， 将萝卜切薄一点。

Many words connected with cooking can be both  verbs and nouns. ‘Slice’ is a common example.  

很多与烹饪相关联的单词可以是 动词和名词。“Slice”是一个常见的例子。

You can cut something into slices, or just  use slice as a verb: ‘Slice the cucumber’,  

您可以切某物成片状，或只用 slice做动词：“Slice the cucumber”，

‘slice the carrots’, and so on. Halve and deseed the peppers. 

“slice the carrots”，等等。 把圆椒切成一半并去籽。

‘Halve’ is the verb from ‘half’. It’s an efficient  way to say ‘cut something into two pieces’.  

“Halve”是源自“half”的动词。它是一个说“cut something into two pieces”的有效方式。

You can also use ‘quarter’ as a verb. For example:  

您也可以用“quarter”做动词。例如：

‘Quarter the tomato’ and ‘Cut the tomato  into four pieces’ have the same meaning. 

“Quarter the tomato”和“Cut the tomato  into four pieces”有相同的意思。

‘Deseed’ means you remove the seeds.  With peppers, you also need to remove  

“Deseed”意思是您移除蔬果的籽。 您也需要移除圆椒的瓤

the pith – the white flesh on the inside. Chop the onion as finely as possible. 

– 圆椒里面的白肉。 洋葱尽量切细一点。

Usually, ‘chop’ means to cut something into  medium-sized pieces, perhaps not in a precise  

通常，“chop”意思是把某物切成中等 尺寸的小块，可能不是用

way. However, if you chop something finely,  you cut it into the smallest pieces possible. 

精确的方式。然而，如果您切细小某物， 您尽量把它切成最小块。

Dice the red pepper. ‘Dice’ means to cut into small pieces.  

把红圆椒切成丁。 “Dice”意思是切成小块。

More specifically, ‘dice’ means that you cut  something in two directions. If you dice a pepper,  

更特别的是，“dice”意思是您在两个方向 来切某物。如果您切圆椒，

you first cut it into strips, and  then cut the strips into small pieces.

您先切成条状，然后把 条状物切成小块。

Mix the ingredients together. Stir the ingredients to mix them. 

拌好调味料。 搅拌调味料，让它们混合在一起。

Here, ‘mix’ and ‘stir’ have the same meaning.  In general, ‘stir’ is more specific, because  

在这，“mix”和“stir”有相同的意思。 通常，“stir”是更特定一些。因为

it means to use some kind of implement – like a  spoon – to mix whatever you’re mixing. You can  

它意思是使用一些工具 – 像是一个勺子 – 来搅拌任何您想要拌的东西。您可以

mix something with your hands, or by putting it  in a container and shaking it, or in other ways. 

用您的手来拌某物，或把某物放入 一个容器里晃动它，或用其他方式。

Stir fry the veggies on a high heat. 

猛火爆炒蔬菜。

Turn the heat up to high and fry the  vegetables, stirring continuously. 

把火开到最大，炒蔬菜， 持续地拌炒它。

Often, you can say the same thing in  fewer words by using a more specific  

通常，您可以通过使用一个特定的动词 来用更少的单词来说

verb. Both these sentences are fine  and both have the same meaning,  

同一件事。这两个句子都可以， 两者都有相同的意思。

but in the first sentence you save words  by using a more specific verb: ‘stir fry’. 

但是在第一个句子您通过使用更特定的 动词“stir fry”省略了单词。

Bring the water to the boil  and then add the dumplings. 

把水煮沸腾，然后加饺子。

In cookbooks and recipes,  you’ll often see the phrase  

在烹饪书和食谱里， 您常会看到短语

‘bring the water to the boil’.  This means that you boil the water,  

“bring the water to the boil”。 这意思是您把水煮沸腾，

and when it starts boiling, you’ll  add something or do something else.

在它开始沸腾时，您会 加入某些东西或做某事。

Turn the heat down to low and  simmer the soup for twenty minutes. 

把火转小，炖汤二十分钟。

If you need to simmer something,  you turn the heat down  

如果您要炖某些东西， 您要转小火到

until it is *just* boiling. There are a few  bubbles, but it isn’t boiling vigorously. 

它是*刚好*沸腾的状态。有一些泡， 但是它不会剧烈沸腾。

Fry the meatballs until browned on both sides. Deep fry the potatoes and leave to dry. 

煎炸肉丸直到两边都成金黄色。 油炸马铃薯并沥干它。

If you use the verb ‘fry’ in English,  it generally means shallow-frying:  

如果您用英文的动词“fry”， 它一般意思是油煎：

when you fry something in a little bit of  oil or butter. Use the verb ‘deep fry’ if  

您在一些油或黄油里煎炸某些东西。 如果您想谈论在沸腾的

you want to talk about cooking something  in boiling oil, like fried potatoes.

油里煮什么东西，像是油炸马铃薯， 使用动词“deep fry”

‘Brown’ is another useful verb. When cooking  meat, you often fry the meat first to brown  

“Brown”是另一个有用的动词。在煮肉时， 您通常先把肉丸炸成金黄色

it – you cook it until it is brown on the  outside, but probably not cooked in the middle. 

– 您煮它直到外层是金黄色， 但是有可能中间没有煮熟。

Pre-heat the oven to 180, then roast  the chicken for around one hour. 

预先加热烤箱到180度，然后 烤鸡肉约一个小时。

Here’s a question for you: ‘roast’ and ‘bake’  

这有一个问题：“roast”和“bake”

both mean to cook something in the  oven, but what’s the difference? 

两者意思是在烤箱里煮某些 东西，但是，区别是什么？

There are different answers to this. Technically,  ‘roast’ means to cook something uncovered,  

对这点，有不同的答案。技术上， “roast”意思是煮某些没有包覆的东西

until it turns brown. However, in everyday  language, ‘roast’ is generally used for  

直到它变成金黄色。然而，在日常说法里， “roast”一般适用于

meat and vegetables, and ‘bake’ is  generally used for bread, cakes, and fish.

肉类和蔬菜，而“bake”是 一般适用于面包、蛋糕和鱼。

We grilled the shrimp kebabs over a charcoal fire. We cooked the shrimp kebabs on the grill. 

我们在炭火上面烤虾肉串。 我们做烧烤虾肉串。

With cooking, you can often use different  verbs or verb phrases to say the same thing.

在烹饪方面，您通常可以用不同的 动词或短语来说同一件事情。

For example, you can grill food, or cook  food on the grill. You can roast food,  

例如您可以烧烤食物，或在炭火上烹饪。 您可以烤食物，

or cook food in the oven. It  doesn’t matter which you use.

或在烤箱里烹饪食物。您用 哪一个都没有问题。

The verb ‘grill’ is often used when you cook  something on a barbecue, but your cooker  

动词“grill”是您在烧烤架上烹饪食物时 常用的，但是在您厨房里的

in your kitchen might have a grill, and you can  also buy electric grills to use in your kitchen. 

厨师也许有一个烤架，您也可以买 电子烤架到您的厨房里用。

Blend the soup until fairly smooth. I used a hand blender to puree the sauce. 

把汤搅和均匀。我使用一个手持 搅拌机来打酱泥。

You can blend something with a hand blender,  like you saw here, or with a regular blender. 

您可以用一个手持式搅拌机来拌某些东西， 像您在这看到的，或是用一个常规搅拌器。

If you blend something for a longer time, it will  come out smooth. The opposite of smooth here is  

如果您拌某些东西很长时间，它会很均匀。 在这里smooth的反义词是

‘chunky’ – meaning you blend it for a short  time, and there are still some solid pieces.

“chunky” – 意思是您拌它时间很短， 仍然有一些固体。

Add a dollop of sour cream  to the soup and mix it in. 

加少量的酸奶油到汤里， 并把它拌混入汤里。

Add a spoonful of sour cream to the soup. A ‘dollop’ means a small amount. It’s not  

加一整勺的酸奶油到汤里。 一个“dollop”意思是一个少量的。它不是

specific, but it generally is used to mean around  one spoonful. You can use ‘dollop’ for things  

特定的，但是它一般用来指大约一整勺。 对于介于固体和液体之间的

which are between solid and liquid, like yoghurt,  thick cream, sour cream, or other thick sauces. 

东西， 您可以使用“dollop”像是优酪乳、 浓奶油、酸奶油或是其他浓酱汁。

Sprinkle with grated parmesan  cheese before serving. 

用餐前撒上碎帕尔马干酪。

You can might *sprinkle* something on your food  before you serve it, like cheese. Another example:  

在用餐前，您也许可以*撒*某些东西到您的 食物上面，像是乳酪。另一个事例：

you might sprinkle pepper, paprika or  oregano on top of a dish once it’s ready. 

一旦菜煮好，您也可以撒胡椒、辣椒粉 或奥勒冈叶到菜的上面。

They served the steak with green  beans and corn on the side. 

他们放绿豆和玉米在 盘侧佐牛扒。

You can use ‘on the side’ for vegetables or  other things which accompany the main dish. 

您可以用“on the side”在蔬菜或 其他佐主菜的东西上。

Garnish with a mint leaf and serve. 

用薄荷叶装点并佐餐。

A garnish is something you add mainly for  decoration, to make the food look good; more attractive.  

一个装点是您主要为了装饰而增加的 东西，来让食物好看，更吸引人。

Some garnishes are chosen for their flavour,  but you might garnish a dish with something  

一些装点是根据喜好来选择， 但是您也许用一些不能

that isn’t intended to be eaten. You can also  garnish a drink; cocktails often have a garnish.

吃的东西装点菜盘。您也可以装点一份饮料； 鸡尾酒通常有一个装点。

Pour the chocolate icing generously over the top. The verb ‘pour’ is mostly used with liquids.  

慷慨地浇巧克力糖霜到上面。 动词“pour”最常用于液体。

You can also use the verb ‘drizzle’ to mean that  you pour a small amount of something. For example:  

您也可以用动词“drizzle”来表达 您浇少量的东西。例如：

‘Drizzle some olive oil over the salad.’ ‘Generous’ is more often used to describe people,  

“Drizzle some olive oil over the salad.” “Generous”比较常用于描述人，

but you can also use it to talk about food. For  example, you can have a generous portion or a  

但是您也能用它谈论食物。例如， 您可以有一大份或一大盘菜。

generous serving. Here, ‘generous’ has the meaning  of large, but in a positive way – not too large.

在这，“generous”有大的意思， 但是是在正面的方式 – 不是太大。

What about you? Tell us about  the last thing you cooked;  

您呢？告诉我们您最近 煮的东西；

how did you do it? Can you use some of  the language you learned in this lesson?  

您怎么做的？您可以使用一些在 本节课里学到的说法吗？

Write your answer in the comments and  share it with us and other learners!

在评论区里写下您的答案，  把它分享给我们和其他学习者！

If you liked this lesson,  don’t forget to check out the  

如果您喜欢本节课，不要忘记看我们的

other lessons in our Visual Vocabulary series.

视觉词汇系列的其他课程。

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！